Making a navigation out of a matrix? I have a matrix with only one block type. and it only has videos ID's it (videoID). 

I would like to have this videoID in the url and then fetch the corresponding Matrix Row. 

http://www.example.com/segment-1/segment-2/videoID

That said: I know I could get the matrix row ID like this: 

{% set test = craft.myMatrixField.id(craft.request.lastSegment()) %}
Video Id: {{ test.videoID }} 


But as the ID will change when reordering the matrix, I would like something more Permalink like and use the videoID in the URL.  

Anybody knows how to achieve something like this?
Take a look at Craft's advanced routing. You'll need to define a regex pattern in order to create the named subpattern that you want, but once you've done that you can access the variable directly in your template.

In the following example {{ year }} and {{ month }} become available as variables in the news/_archive template

'news/(?P&lt;year&gt;\d{4})/(?P&lt;month&gt;\d{2})' =&gt; 'news/_archive',