The effect of learning/expertise on cognitive control Rasmussen (1983) argued that with expertise, task are performed in different ways. He made a distinction between Rule- (least experience), Knowledge- and Skill-based behavior (most experience). The idea is that with training, less deliberate thought is necessary to perform a particular type of task.

Another factor that may play a role in task-performance is executive functioning, such as planning and cognitive control, i.e. the ability to focus on a task or switch tasks, either pro-actively or re-actively (Braver, 2012). I've heard that with expertise, executive functions improve. However, I cannot find a reference to support this. Is there any literature that may support this statement? 

References

Braver, T. S. (2012). The variable nature of cognitive control: a dual mechanisms framework. Trends in cognitive sciences, 16(2), 106-113.  

Rasmussen, J. (1983). Skills, rules, and knowledge; signals, signs, and symbols, and other distinctions in human performance models. IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics, (3), 257-266.
Sure.

I'll update this answer as I come across more papers, but here:

Alves, H., Voss, M. W., Boot, W. R., Deslandes, A., Cossich, V., Salles, J. I., &amp; Kramer, A. F. (2013). Perceptual-Cognitive Expertise in Elite Volleyball Players. Frontiers in Psychology Front. Psychol., 4. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00036


  The goal of the current study was to investigate the relationship
  between sport expertise and perceptual and cognitive skills, as
  measured by the component skills approach. We hypothesized that
  athletes would outperform non-athlete controls in a number of
  perceptual and cognitive domains and that sport expertise would
  minimize gender differences. A total of 154 individuals (87
  professional volleyball players and 67 non-athlete controls)
  participated in the study. Participants performed a cognitive battery,
  which included tests of executive control, memory, and visuo-spatial
  attention. Athletes showed superior performance speed on three tasks
  (two executive control tasks and one visuo-spatial attentional
  processing task). In a subset of tasks, gender effects were observed
  mainly in the control group, supporting the notion that athletic
  experience can reduce traditional gender effects. The expertise
  effects obtained substantiate the view that laboratory tests of
  cognition may indeed enlighten the sport-cognition relationship.


It isn't a precise confirmation of the statement; after all, it only finds a relationship between cognitive control and expertise in a particular domain. But it definitely supports the statement.

This article here: 

Voss, M. W., Kramer, A. F., Basak, C., Prakash, R. S., &amp; Roberts, B. (2009). Are expert athletes ‘expert’ in the cognitive laboratory? A meta-analytic review of cognition and sport expertise. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 24(6), 812-826. doi:10.1002/acp.1588

performs a whole meta-analysis on athlete expertise and cognitive performance and offers a lot of results confirming increased attentional performance, but specifically states (in the year 2009!):


  we found no studies that have examined classic executive function
  measures such as task-switching, dual task performance, or inhibition


The article found here found that:


  Fencing experience and physical fitness facilitate a person's ability
  to withhold action when necessary. The interactive nature of aerobic
  fitness and sport expertise on action inhibition suggests that
  cognitive control benefits most from the combination of physical and
  mental training compared to when each is administered singly.


and I think I'm bored now! Hope this helps.