What is the difference between behaviorism and cognitivism? Recently I've been reading about the subject, and I have trouble finding a definite difference between the two. What is the difference between behaviorism and cognitivism?
Short answer:  Behaviorism treats the human brain/mind like a black box whose internal processes cannot be known.  As such, behaviorists claim that it only makes sense to study the association between a given stimulus and the behavioral output it produces.

Cognitivists, on the other hand, examine internal mental processes (attention, executive control, predictive coding, etc) and are just as interested in what behavior a stimulus elicits as how it elicits it.