Is there a way to avoid false memories? I saw a video on how interrogators used manipulation on the victim/criminal which lead to innocent people being arrested and one way of doing that was using false memories in which the person was giving altered facts about what happened to the point where the person really thinks they did the crime. Even people with hsam(highly superior autobiographical memory) were more susceptible to false memories. Is there any way to avoid having false memories.
Several studies using word lists have tried to see if informing participants of false recall would make them less likely to form false memories, results are a little mixed:


  1) Although subjects were not able to perform accurately under these
  conditions, the warning instruction did attenuate the false
  recognition effect. This
  illusion of memory appears to be remarkably robust and little affected
  by the instructional manipulations.
  
  2) forewarning did not eliminate the false recognition effect, as
  these subjects and those in the other groups made numerous false
  recognitions in this task.
  
  3) When a warning about false recall was provided, young adults virtually eliminated false recall by the second trial. Even though old adults also used warnings to reduce false recall on Trial 1, they were unable to decrease false memories across the remaining four study–test trials. Old adults
  also reduced false recall more with slower presentation rates. These findings suggest that old adults have a breakdown in spontaneous, self-initiated source monitoring as reflected by little change in false recall across study–test trials but a preserved ability to use warnings and slow presentation rates to reduce false memories.


References:

1) McDermott, K. B., &amp; Roediger, H. L. (1998). Attempting to avoid illusory memories: Robust false recognition of associates persists under conditions of explicit warnings and immediate testing. Journal of Memory and Language, 39(3), 508-520.

2) Gallo, D. A., Roberts, M. J., &amp; Seamon, J. G. (1997). Remembering words not presented in lists: Can we avoid creating false memories?. Psychonomic Bulletin &amp; Review, 4(2), 271-276.

3) Watson, J. M., Mcdermott, K. B., &amp; Balota, D. A. (2004). Attempting to avoid false memories in the Deese/Roediger—McDermott paradigm: Assessing the combined influence of practice and warnings in young and old adults. Memory &amp; Cognition, 32(1), 135-141.