What is the relationship between dopamine and mathematical ability (if any)? I am curious to know if there is any existing literature that suggests that an increase in dopamine lends itself to an increased interest in solving problems of a mathematical nature.
A study Evidence that methylphenidate enhances the saliency of a mathematical task by increasing dopamine in the human brain suggests that using of Methylphenidate that is prescribed for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) increases the performance in mathematical tasks in healthy subjects. Methylphenidate primarily acts as a dopamine-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor.


  Methylphenidate, when coupled with the mathematical task,
  significantly increased extracellular dopamine, but this did not occur
  when coupled with the neutral task. The mathematical task did not
  increase dopamine when coupled with placebo. Subjective reports about
  interest and motivation in the mathematical task were greater with
  methylphenidate than with placebo and were associated with dopamine
  increases.