Does sugar change our short-term behaviour? In physical terms, sugar has a great influence: increases energy in our body. But does it influence our behaviour? Is it possible that we act differently because of high amount of consumed sugar?
You are what you eat right? I guess that would probably apply with how internal physiological responses to food consumption may result in various behaviours.

According to Flora and Polenick (2013), there are some counter-intuitive evidence about sugar and its effects on human behaviour:


  "To this point, what is known about the effects of sugar consumption on
  human  behavior and performance is that sugar consumption, even in
  high amounts, does not  contribute to hyperactivity, inattention,
  juvenile delinquency, reductions in cognitive  performance, or other
  behavior problems in children or adults. Instead, a high level of 
  glucose, or sugar, consumption actually improves athletic, academic,
  and cognitive  performance, and may enhance self-control. Sugar
  consumption may reduce aggressive  behavior, and sugar consumed during
  breakfast and in afternoon snacks improves  performance during a wide
  range of activities."


Notably, they indicate that sugar can reduce aggression in both children and adults and implied aggressive behaviour:


  "Just as Bachorowski et al. (1990) observed improved behavior of
  juvenile delinquents  after they consumed a sugar-filled breakfast,
  research suggests that sugar consumption  may reduce aggressive
  behavior in adults, as well as in children. Benton and Owens (1993) 
  found that, compared to undergraduate participants who consumed a
  placebo non-sugar  beverage, participants who consumed a sugar
  beverage were less likely to show aggression,  use profanity, or bang
  on the computer while playing a frustrating and intentionally 
  impossible computer game."