Covering insulation in the garage
If it is a shared wall between the garage and house it requires something that is fire rated and something that will not allow the passing of fumes from garage.  Easiest and usually cheapest thing to do is to drywall it.  It doesn't have to look good but your seems do have to be mudded - again doesn't have to look good.

For other exterior walls there is no code for the inside of them.  Tyvek is cheap for this and plastic rolls are even cheaper.  But they will probably tear and have issues over time.  If you want something cool and to hang tools I would just put up peg board (if you don't want to drywall.  I will be peg boarding one of my garage walls this summer.