Can I remove the doors before installing a sliding patio doors frame?
Don't do that!  You will never get the frame aligned properly in the opening if you take the doors out.  If you can't handle the door yourself, get someone to help.

To elaborate a bit more.  The doors in the frame provide 3-dimensional stability to the frame.  Then you take them out the frame will distort in nearly all possible ways.  You will never be able to get it straight or square enough so that the doors will work properly.

If you really can't get anyone but your wife to help, try building a supporting base to position the door at the height you need it.  Then you can stand the door up there and with your wife's help, all that is needed is to push it back into the opening.  If needed, add some blocking to prevent the door from falling into the opening.

It can be done with one helper, but you need to use suitable precautions.