Backed up toilet, I can't remove the water from the bowl
Three things:


Either you didn't get the toilet valve shut off completely.
Or, the water from the tank is filling the bowl and it will stop once that is empty.
If this is a basement toilet, it is also possible the main line is clogged and all drain water is backing up into the toilet. But you said all the other drains are fine. It may be they are just draining into the basement toilet.


Go back and re-check the toilet valve to make sure it is shut off completely. If this fails to stop the water shut off the main valve for the whole house while you correct the problem.

Plungers don't work on serious clogs you may need to buy or rent a drain snake.

If all else fails, call a drain cleaning service. They have heavy duty equipment for these emergencies. 

Good luck!