How to attach deck when ledger board will be too low?
There's no reason at all that you can't install your ledger, then post up from it (or simply joist over it). You might still want to put a few fasteners through the upper rim joist to keep it snug against the brick, but they won't carry load. If the ledger needs to lap over the brick to achieve the correct height, space it out from the foundation wall with 1/2" or 3/4" treated plywood, as is appropriate. 

That said, float your design past your local inspector (or a trusted builder) for approval. I can't see everything through the internet that might be relevant.