How do I determine the exact Nature of my Sewer ventilation problem so that I can correct it?
This sounds like the classic description of a blocked vent stack. 

Somewhere between your traps and the sewer there is -- or should be -- a connection that is open to the outside air. Because fetid smells may come out of this pipe, the opening is usually placed above the roof, or at least far from where anybody might be. 

If this vent becomes blocked, air pressure in the sewer line may force gases past one of the traps into your house. Or, flushing the toilet may create a partial vacuum in the sewer line that will suck the water out of a trap leaving it useless. 

In your case, normal weather-related atmospheric pressure changes are driving gases back and forth through one or more of your drain traps. Check the venting of your drain lines.