How can a circuit breaker turn on a different circuit?
I am really suspecting that someone has hooked a grounded conductor(slang neutral/white ) wire to a hot wire 
Say in a light socket where the white wire was used as the pwer wire for the light fixture and it wa snot taped off to show it was the hot
 A white wire was hooked to it thinking it was a neutral
 I fought a problem like this for weeks in a building. Someone had done this to several runs 
 It could be in any junction box, at a light switch ,an outlet or even in the breaker panel

Most likely you will only have to work these three circuts
 Another idea is someone tried to do a multiwire circuit and got it mixed up or a three way switch was replaced with the wrong switch and to make it work they wired some wires to others

I would start by taking stuff apart like outlets one at a time and see when problem goes away or take fixtures loose one at at time
 Last you could have a two circuits doing the same thing