2-pole 30 amp breaker into two individual 120 receptacles?
The lack of a separate safety ground is a show-stopper.  In fact, this circuit is unsafe, obsolete, and has been illegal in new construction for over 20  years - it is legal because it is grandfathered.  

Regardless of whether you ever power something else here, the best thing you can do is search for an existing ground, and if absent, retrofit a #10 ground wire to this receptacle and change it to a NEMA 14-30 type recep (and the dryer to a NEMA 14-30 cord, while removing the onboard neutral-ground strap on the dryer).   

Full stop.  

You should do that, seriously.  And then let 24 hours go by. 

Once that is done and in your rear-view mirror...

Then, since there's already a ground here (it's not like you're adding the ground today), you can go three different ways to power your NEMA 5-15 plug-in loads.  


You can fit a "Subpanel" here.  Powered off that nice 4-wire feed, it can then have a subsidiary 30A breaker for the dryer as well as 15/20A breakers for your various 120V loads.  That would be four breakers to get the most out of your 30A feed. 
You can get a PDU (Power Distribution Unit) with a NEMA 14-30 cord.  The PDU acts like a subpanel in terms of breakering. 
You can remove that fat receptacle from the wall, and replace it with two normal NEMA 5-15 or 5-20 dual receptacles, with appropriate cover plate.  But then, you will need to change the circuit breaker to 20A.  Now, to wire the receptacles, you split with pigtails the grounds to both receptacles.  You split with pigtails the netural to both receptacles. Black goes to one recep hot, red to the other. 


Can't I just both retrofit the ground and convert the receptacles in one day?   No. Since these new receps are effectively new work, it would need to be done to new-work standard with new cable homeruns, and you wouldn't be allowed to retrofit ground.  You would only be able to exploit a retrofit-grounded dryer circuit if it was already like that.