Can I put wallpaper on top of wallpaper on the ceiling?
I would not paper over paper. In your case there is already a big chance that you have compromised the adhesion of the existing paper to the subsurface when the ceiling was exposed to the steam. Also to be considered is that the existing paper may not be a good surface to hold wall paper glue.

So I suggest getting the steamer back and removing the old ceiling paper too. Before putting on new paper make sure to seal the wall surface properly. The staining of the previous ceiling paper due to the steam could be an indicator that previous sealing was never done or has failed with age.