Can dishwasher tubes do 360 loops?
As further discussed in your post here:
Is my dishwasher air gap manufactured incorrectly?

It's not that you cant have loops in the line, its more about having a proper run per manufacturers guidelines. The dishwasher has a pump, it is going to pump as much water as it can through the line to it's endpoint. Too long of a run will leave dirty water in the line, do not exceed the length or height the dishwasher tell you to.

For the disposal side of it, there is NO PUMP, so the air gap is that, all gravity.

From your other post, as water is going into the air gap, it runs to the disposal. However, in your run here, the grey line has a few feet of water sitting below the disposal, thus, you are going to need ~3'*5/8"ID worth of water weight to move water into the disposal. Shorten the grey line run, make it direct, and both problems in both questions should be resolved unless your disposal or trap has a clog or slow moving drain due to an impending clog or water flow etc.