End-line switches for new overhead lighting and new ceiling fan
Since it's all on the same circuit, this works

Since the receptacle being fed from the switch box is on the same circuit as the light, we know that we have a neutral at the switch box already (a Code requirement now, see NEC 404.2(C) for details), so we don't have to worry about that with our new runs of wire from the ends of the light run down to the switch boxes, called switch loops by electricians.  You'll still want a length of 12/3 for the run from the fan down to the switch box though; this gives you the flexibility to have the ceiling fan and its light kit controlled by separate switches, or to use any ceiling fan controller you wish instead of being locked into one of only a few options.