Why did my drill stop when trying to pilot a screw hole in framing lumber?
Without knowing anything about the building, I would first suspect you drilled (partially) into a steel pipe



or a nail plate

which is protecting wire, tubing, or conduit.

In my 1950s house which uses 2x4s from a bygone era (dense Douglas-fir), I have to predrill any stud into which I intend to drive a screw or nail.  Yes, a nail.  Otherwise the nail will bend or curl or the screw will snap.  I use a sharp 1/8 inch drill bit for pre-drilling.