How do I compensate for the sun confusing my garage door opener's sensors?
You could swap the emitter and detector units so that the emitter is on the sunlit side.  It doesn't matter if the emitter is being blasted by sunlight; only the detector needs to be protected.  Of course you might just be changing the time of day of your problem  if the other side of the door is sunlit at a different time. :)

Don't forget to swap the wiring at the opener unit as well of course.