Frameless Glass shower door handle
This type of door is problematic for just the reason that you show. It would obviously be better if the handle were positioned a bit farther from the door edge. But somehow I doubt that there is any type of international standard for the spacing requirement. Clearly there would be a trade off for the width of the door and how far the handle is positioned from the hinge side of the door. With the narrower door and the handle more toward the center of the door it would be harder to open and close. 

One thing to consider is that some doors like this have a silicon strip that is attached to one side and has a flap to overlap the other side of the door gap. These are designed to keep shower spray from getting out through the door crack. They also keep the door from opening both directions. The combination of the single direction door opening and the padding afforded by the silicon strip maybe you can minimize the chances of losing another finger tip.