Replacing linoleum flooring in old house with tile, do I need to remove the papery layer?
The substrate you currently have is probably (90%+) not good enough for a ceramic install.  I would think that you need to put at least 1/2" concrete board down and possibly plywood before that (depends on the room size and what is below this).
Thinset doesn't really bond much to wood.  If you have demo'ed 20-30 bathrooms where people tiled right to wood (why do we demo the floor?  because it failed) you will know that thinset comes right up in big chunks.  Super quick demo.  Even if there is a bond at first, by the time the wood changes 100 times based on the season, temps, humidity, weight, moisture... there will be no bond left.   A good thinset layer acts more like a floating floor.  Which to answer your question, the black backing doesn't matter much if at all.  You may need to back butter your tiles first (so there is better consistency) but you can install it on that - but you shouldn't because you shouldn't hardly ever be installing tile straight to wood.