Removed an outlet attached to a lighting circuit, now the room sockets have lost power
A receptacle with a single cable running to it will have no effect on the rest of the circuit (unless you short the white to black and trip the breaker).
I would suggest you wiggled the wires going to the switches (they look to be back stabbed). Backstabbed wiring is by far the largest failure cause in modern wiring.
If you search you may find answers on this site that tell you to check the devices and when you turn the power back on and it works the stab started working because of the wire wiggle. Since this in new use the screw terminals not backstabs or this will end up being a common issue until the stab / wire is burned off from arcing and you find the root cause.