How would you fix this cabinet not opening all the way?
You can change it so it opens the opposite direction.
I.E. Flip the door over and attach the hinges to the left side of the cabinet.
You can remove door by removing the screw on each hinge that holds them to the cabinet frame.     Once you have the door un-atached you can measure where the holes are, from top and bottom, on the right side and transfer those measurements to the left side. Then hold the door up so the hinge's line up with those the marks (the marks should be visible in the slot of the hinges) and use a pencil to trace the shape of the hole, an oval, in the hinge.
Next you want to drill a small pilot hole directly in the middle of those two ovals, The drill bit should be smaller than the screws and you only need to drill them about 3/4 of an inch deep. ( in your photo it appears that there may already be a hole on the left side for the hinges, some cabinets are made to have the door mount on either side.)
You can now hold the door up in place and secure it to the cabinet with one screw in each hinge. The hole in the hinge is oval to allow you to adjust the door up or down a little so it lines up with the door next to it.
Now your door handle will be in the wrong place at the bottom of the door. Remove the handle and find a drill bit that fits in the existing screw hole. Measure from side and edge to the hole and transfer that to the top of the door so you can drill a new hole for the handle.
You can fill the old hole with some wood filler or vinyl wall Spackle and touch up with white paint.
Now you door will open in the opposite direction and it will no longer be restricted by the column.