Woods 59104R pro timer issue
First, if this is a 240V device, ALL those white wires (on both ends) must be marked with black tape to indicate they are actually hots. 

The crux of your problem is you confused supply side with the load side.  Perhaps you assumed "this is a switch, doesn't matter on switches".  Yes, but it also needs power to run itself. 

What's universally useful anytime you are dealing with a Line and Load side, is to not hook up LOAD until you have LINE hooked up and everything working with the device/timer/GFCI/whatever.  

So figure out which side actually does go to the pool pump, unhook it, and cap it off.  Leave it unhooked.  Now wire up the unit so it behaves normally - is able to cycle on/off, keeps running normally, etc.  

This will expose all possible errors - confusing Line and Load, connecting the timer drive to the wrong wire, etc.   It will force you to "get it right" and you won't be able to continue until you do.  

Once the timer is sympatico, then finally hook up your Load.