Main Breaker Panel in Garage w/o Garage Doors
It is a indoor location, the finish work is not required to be complete to get your final.
If the panel is a 3R type it could even be outside (the only difference is the cover and how it sheds rain) but as long as the panel is not getting rained on or if you have Sheetrock walls around the panel it will normally pass even without doors.
If the inspector has questions answer them. As long as the wiring is covered and the area is not subject to rain, I would be asking for a final on the electrical because that’s when I get paid.
Note all the live connections are in boxes the panel covers are on this is what the second part is discussing  no lock needed as I said it could be outside (not locked) and be ok.