Can I apply full-sized brick to an interior wall if shared with a fireplace?
The chimney is not supported by the floor system, it is built from the ground up with a foundation of concrete under it. 

Full 4” brick weigh 40 pounds per square foot so a wall that is 9’ tall and 15’ long would add 5400 lbs to the floor system. 

I would want an engineer to approve the area in question to be certain that it can support this added weight with out compromising the integrity of the structure.