Comparing American 240VAC equipment to European 230VAC
Yeah, a motor is going to care a lot about the different frequency.  A lot.  So will anything involved with induction.  

Other than that, Mrs. Lincoln... The main difference is that Euro power is corner grounded whereas North American is center grounded.  European plugs also aren't very good at being polarized, so a Euro device must have 230V of insulation value from each conductor to ground.   It will handle North American power, 120V from ground, just fine.  

A North American machine only expects to be insulated 120V from ground, so it may have to contend with higher voltage than it's been tested/listed for.