Is this the transformer for my door chime?
No - that is not the transformer.
The transformer could be located in the furnace closet, the garage, laundry room.


If you are installing the Ring doorbell, you do not need to locate the transformer.  You should be able to connect to the existing two wires where the old doorbell pushbutton was located.  Attach the two wires to the back of the Ring doorbell.   From your picture, your original doorbell was AC power, so that is good.