Insulating against brick in rim joist bay
I think you can do air/moisture/heat in one shot by using spray foam behind foam panels. 


Buy two cans of max-expansion spray foam. One may do, but it's best to have enough on hand. 
Cut 1-1/2" or 2" foam panel to fit each bay reasonably well. 


The plan is basically this: Spray a layer of foam on the mortar / set the foam panel in place / let the foam cure / trim the excess

Here's how I'd probably do the hot work based on what I can see:


Mark the thickness of your foam plus 1" out from the mortar near each end of the joist series. Mark that on the bottom of the joist (or mark an offset if the lower wall is in the way, or simply use some other reference, such as the inner edge of the sill plate). 
Snap a chalk line between the marks, then square the actual (foam plus 1") marks up each side of each joist. This will be the final position of the face of the foam.
About 2" down the joist on each side of each bay, partially set a nail on each side of the bay. These will serve to retain the foam panels. 
Spray a layer of foam, as quickly as possible, over the mortar. Use a stripe or zigzag pattern. 
Slide the foam panel in place behind the nails, and set nails near the bottom in the same manner. 
Let the foam cure for an hour, then pull the nails and trim any foam squeeze-out with a sharp blade. A fillet knife would do well. 


The outcome will be a clean, uniform, on-plane foam barrier over which you could adhere drywall (though I don't consider that a serious concern).