Tripped GFCI protected receptacles
The contractor did right, probably. When you have a string of outlets that goes outside, you put the GFCI inside the house so it's not in the weather.  You also try to use a GFCI receptacle instead of breaker because they are cheaper.  

You don't need to upturn the entire house looking for this GFCI, just follow the wires back from the outdoor receptacle chain. I'll grant you this is sometimes less than obvious.  

Also are you really sure you don't have a GFCI breaker and there isn't a RESET button on the breaker patiently waiting to be pushed?  Cycling the breaker may not have that effect.  

You can easily de-energize the receptacles in question, just turn off the main.  You are probably wise to do that, as it will educate you as to how the wires are routed.