What quality caulks are available in the United States of America?
We have several good/better lines of caulking available depending on your given project.

I worked at Lowes in the paint department for over 4 years total. Never had anyone bring back anything other than DAP...strange. We even had a rack specifically for returned products and mis-tint paints, filled with DAP.

Anyway, there are a few good brands that I've personally used that get my pick for this forum:

GE - general purpose, adhesive, and sealant properties GE makes some good caulk. Latex or PolyUrethane
3M - great specialty caulking, had to use this on the bottom of a sea-ray one time, stuff is amazing and is still holding to this day...
Loctite - great sealant and polyurethane caulking for outdoor use, specifically the ones marked 'PL' are the ones I've used.

Hope this helps...