How do I turn off my water heater drain?
It looks to me that you turn the hose drain outlet on and off using the knob highlighted below:



This knob looks to be a turn style device. Rotate one way to shut off drain and the other way to turn the drain on. The hose nib for attaching the drain hose looks like it is on the opposite side of the valve assembly as you have pictured it.

If you got the water to drain by another means, such as opening the over pressure switch, you will likely need to replace the whole valve assembly.