What is this receptacle called?
Just what you asked in your question. It's called a "twist lock" receptacle and accepts a twist lock plug. You will find this type of plug at the temporary power pole on job sites. They have the distinct ability once plugged and locked-in the receptacle to remain plugged-in no matter how the extension cord is pulled. This has saved many foot steps back and forth to re-connect for power.   And yes you can buy change over adapters that have a male twist-lock and a 3 prong standard female plug at each end.