What would cause this bad flame pattern in my boiler?
You don't need to do anything, the burner configuration, while a bit crude, is as it is intended. This kind of burner configuration is notoriously loud. I have a small portable camp stove with this configuration that is named "Pocket Rocket" due to it's loud roar when burning.

The pipe you often see that appears to be missing will always have large air inlet holes to meter the mix air. Without this, the mix air is metered by the size of the lower plate's center hole, which is not very accurate, evidenced by the orange in the flame. You will notice burners with more sophisticated mix air metering will burn pure blue.

The glowing red is not unusual either, it's simply a lot of heat in a small area.