can I convert four-wire 250 volt, 30 amp dryer to two 125 volt dual outlet receptacles?
You could make a MWBC out of this /3 + gnd cable and install two 20 A receptacles. You would change the 2-pole 30 A breaker to a 2-pole 20 A breaker.

If the conductors are aluminum, you would pigtail with 12 AWG copper. If the conductors are 10 AWG copper, you might be able to connect these directly to the contacts on the receptacles.

I would make these to 20 A so that if you ever needed to run heavy current demand appliances, you'd have the capability.

EDIT To install a single duplex receptacle in the box, you would split the hot sides by breaking the connecting tab. The black wire would go to the hot side of one receptacle and the red to the hot side of the other.

The neutral side tab would be left intact.