After my condo shuts off and turns on the main water, how can I avoid dirty water?
Unless your condo association is willing put in a filtration system  at the main source then you  either have to flush the pipes for a minute or two  (Not practical for refrigerator supply lines.)
OR Install a filter in your unit.
This can be done if you have one supply pipe coming into your unit as opposed to separate lines that go to individual fixtures.
The condo i live in does this on a regular basis and i just open all fixtures and let them run a few minutes.