Curtan rod pulled spacle out of wall?
It is hard to tell but I think you have lath and plaster.
If that is the case then you break away the loose plaster exposing the lath (thin wood boards).  Once you have the lath exposed you use concrete fill ( a fiberglass re-inforced setting compound ) to get to the same vertical plane as the wall.
Typically you'll have a rough area at this point and you apply a finish coat of setting compound.  I'd go with a 30 minute setting compound.  Once the setting compound dries, you sand and then paint.
Now that the area is finished again you can use toggle bolts to hold the curtain rod bracket in place (assuming the spot that the bracket needs to sit doesn't have framing behind it).