Cure/dry time for Polyseamseal with little air exposure?
Bottom line: the concerns in the comments above have not come forward.  I'd choose Polyseamseal again for this application.

Removed the wood clamping sticks this morning, several hours ago. Aluminum trim strip is solidly held, doesn't budge under pressure, and is not pulling away.  So the answer is that enough Polyseamseal cured/dried in 48 hours to hold it in place.  

In hindsight, the adhesive that is closest to the air is also the adhesive with the most leverage, and first to cure/dry.  I ought to have realized this in the first place.  Also, also in hindsight, while there may be only miniscule exposure to air (essentially none), the thickness is similarly miniscule, so proportionality is not lost relative to a caulking application.  

I'm on hold with Loctite technical support RE cure/dry. Will update my answer after speaking with them

UPDATE:
Just got off the phone with Loctite.  Product doesn't dry, it cures, but I didn't press for details.  Wish I had.  Better product would have been their PowerGrap Adhesive, which is white and water cleanup.  Said the Polyseamseal is not an adhesive, but I pointed out that their webpage describes it as "FLEXIBLE &amp; DURABLE ADHESIVE CAULK", which was explained as, effectively, a miscommunication between engineering and marketing.