lighting fire safety
No, that is not safe.  The 23W CFL limit means that you should not use a bulb that uses more than 23W of power.  A 30/50/150W 3-way will use more than that on its lowest setting.
If you don't want to use a CFL, and I don't blame you, please consider an LED bulb.  These generate even less heat than a CFL.  Use the ACTUAL power rating, which is likely to be in the 5-10W range rather than the &quot;equivalent&quot; power rating.