MS Access copy/paste of table fails with message about clipboard size
What's wrong its trying to copy such amount of data (straight from a table, mind you) to the Clipboard. But since this is Access we're talking it wouldn't shock me that's suggested over Exporting the data safely into a format like .CSV or Even better .SQL
Is funny that you mentioned the system architecture because on first sight I would check that as possible cause.

I would highly suggest changing the approach into something more around this lines: https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Introduction-to-importing-and-exporting-data-08422593-42dd-4e73-bdf1-4c21fc3aa1b0