Problem using pivot to display data
The columns ABSENT, LATE and PRESENT in your output represent totals per student, whereas the date columns represent details per student, and details are the pivoted columns. In order to get such output with PIVOT, your source must provide totals on the same row with details.

The source in your query is not providing that kind of information. It is grouping by student_id, attendance_Date, attendance_id, and that grouping does not have any effect since there is always one row per student and date.

In order to have both details and totals on the same row, you can use window aggregation, like this:

SELECT
  student_id,
  attendance_Date,
  attendance_id, 
  SUM (DECODE (Attendance_id, 'ABSENT',  1, 0)) OVER (PARTITION BY student_id) AS ABSENT,
  SUM (DECODE (Attendance_ID, 'LATE',    1, 0)) OVER (PARTITION BY student_id) AS LATE,
  SUM (DECODE (Attendance_ID, 'PRESENT', 1, 0)) OVER (PARTITION BY student_id) AS PRESENT
FROM
  sample


Note absence of GROUP BY. The OVER clause makes SUM a window aggregate function. With a window function you can return aggregate data along with detail (non-aggregate) data. The query above returns output like this:

STUDENT_ID  ATTENDANCE_DATE  ATTENDANCE_ID  ABSENT  LATE  PRESENT
----------  ---------------  -------------  ------  ----  -------
SCM-026020  4/4/2016         LATE           1       1     0
SCM-026020  5/4/2016         ABSENT         1       1     0
SCM-026021  5/4/2016         ABSENT         2       0     0
SCM-026021  4/4/2016         ABSENT         2       0     0
SCM-026022  4/4/2016         PRESENT        0       0     2
SCM-026022  5/4/2016         PRESENT        0       0     2


That is, it returns details per date and student along with totals per student. Using that source, the PIVOT clause provides the expected result:

STUDENT_ID  ABSENT  LATE  PRESENT  4/4/2016  5/4/2016
----------  ------  ----  -------  --------  --------
SCM-026020  1       1     0        LATE      ABSENT
SCM-026021  2       0     0        ABSENT    ABSENT
SCM-026022  0       0     2        PRESENT   PRESENT