SQL Write History of Last one week
You can check this only if you are monitoring this.

You can also check for problems at a certain time, if you see in SQL Server Log waiting to perform IO operation.

I would start by doing all the Glenn Alan Berry scripts. https://sqlserverperformance.wordpress.com/2016/06/08/sql-server-diagnostic-information-queries-for-june-2016/

You can run a perfmon together with a sqlprofiler and look for the statements that are causing problems (this will give you hardware an query information which you will have to combine)

What I usually get my customers to use is SQL Sentry(SentryOne) this is a montoring tool which has a month free trial. This will show all information you need correlated to queries in an easy to understand GUI. This however is not the only solution, but it is the one I prefer.