How do I check if a stored procedure is defined in MySQL
You should run these other queries
SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS WHERE name='sp_name';
SHOW FUNCTION STATUS WHERE name='sp_name';
SELECT type,db,body FROM mysql.proc WHERE name='sp_name'\G

If the procedure does not show up from any of these queries, my condolences.
There is one hope left: If you have a physical backup of the mysql.proc, do this in a Staging DB:

service mysql stop
Copy the backup of /var/lib/mysql into the Staging DB
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
service mysql start

Once you do that, you can mysqldump all the stored procedures out of it with
MYSQLDUMP_OPTIONS=&quot;-uroot -p...&quot;
MYSQLDUMP_OPTIONS=&quot;${MYSQLDUMP_OPTIONS} --all-databases&quot;
MYSQLDUMP_OPTIONS=&quot;${MYSQLDUMP_OPTIONS} --routines&quot;
MYSQLDUMP_OPTIONS=&quot;${MYSQLDUMP_OPTIONS} --no-data&quot;
MYSQLDUMP_OPTIONS=&quot;${MYSQLDUMP_OPTIONS} --no-create-info&quot;
mysqldump ${MYSQLDUMP_OPTIONS} &gt; MySQLStoredProcs.sql

Now, go vi or nano the file and get the Stored Procedure out of it.
Give it a Try !!!
UPDATE 2013-02-05 11:58 EDT
If you are really having problems with visually seeing the Stored Procedure's code, you may have a corrupt proc.MYD file. Try retrieving from backup as I already mentioned.