SQL Server Data types and operators clarification needed
Untrue. You can use them but the "approximate" nature means they could be unreliable. Use range queries (BETWEEN etc) or use decimal
If you use the max types (text, image etc are deprecated) then you can CAST or SUBSTRING etc as needed to search and filter
For XML you can search using XQuery
Note: a binary BLOB that is a word document or such can not be searched in SQL Server
Never tried any. timestamp (deprecated, use rowversion) isn't designed to be manipulatedUnless you mean datetime which as datetime functions