What database to choose for 1TB of time series?
Any relational database will work.  1TB is huge, but feasible.

Don't use ticker LIKE Y unless you need to use wildcards.  Instead use `ticker = 'Y'.  Are you saying that the resultset is 20GB?  Then the real problem is network time.  It takes a lot of time to shovel that much data.

And have an index starting with ticker.  It may be better to have the PRIMARY KEY start with ticker.  If you would like more advice, I need to see more information.

A single row, properly indexed, will take only milliseconds to fetch.