how to bring in the most recent record in SQL in Teradata
This is a ranking task, easily done based on RANK/ROW_NUMBER.

select ...
from 
 ( select ...
      ,rank() over (partition by Store order by Inventory_year desc) as rn
   from tab
 ) as dt
where rn = 1


Teradata supports an SQL extension to avoid nesting:

select *
from tab
QUALIFY rank() over (partition by Store order by Inventory_year desc) = 1