Difference between Archive destination & db_recovery_file_dest
Archive log destination define the place where to store archived redo log files(once online redo log file is filled it can be stored as archived log files). You can have multiple archive log destinations.

In other hand, DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST specifies the default location for the fast recovery area. The fast recovery area contains multiplexed copies of current control files and online redo logs, as well as archived redo logs, flashback logs, and RMAN backups.

You can use DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST(which is default if you enable archive log mode in your database without specifying archive log destination explicitly), which is fast recovery area, to store archived redo log files or you can store them in separate locations.

Documentation:

DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Managing Archived Redo Log Files