INSERT failed in SQL Job because of incorrect SET options 'QUOTED_IDENTIFIER'
It's not the way the table was created, it's the options your query runs with.

Agent does indeed run with the wrong settings.

SELECT *
FROM   sys.dm_exec_sessions
WHERE  is_user_process = 1
AND    (   ansi_nulls = 0
      OR   ansi_padding = 0
      OR   ansi_warnings = 0
      OR   arithabort = 0
      OR   concat_null_yields_null = 0
      OR   quoted_identifier = 0 );


The simple fix would be to use the correct options at the beginning of the job step that does the insert.

For instance, if I create this table, an insert works just fine:

USE master

CREATE TABLE dbo.whatever (id INT, thing AS id * 2);

INSERT dbo.whatever ( id )
VALUES ( 0 )


But from an Agent job step it fails, unless I put this first:

SET ANSI_NULLS ON;
SET ANSI_PADDING ON;
SET ANSI_WARNINGS ON;
SET ARITHABORT ON;
SET CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL ON;
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON;


For reference: Create Indexed Views