Active Directory not working through SQL server Management studio
Normally when you receive an error message with the Error: 18456, ... it will contain additional information somewhere.

Detailed SSMS Login Error

In the case of the SSMS Login, the error message will be displayed together with a couple of icons. One of them is page with a white cross on red background. If you click on that icon you will be presented with the detailed error message, which could look a bit like this:



The detailed error message will contain additional information: 

Server Name: .
Error Number: 18456
Severity: 14
State: 1
Line Number: 65536


Detailed Login Error in ERRORLOG

Additionally you can find the full error message in the ERRORLOG of your SQL Server instance. The entry will look similar to the following:

2018-08-10 15:37:56.10 Logon       Error: 18456, Severity: 14, State: 5.
2018-08-10 15:37:56.10 Logon       Login failed for user 'bigger'. Reason: Could not find a login matching the name provided. [CLIENT: &lt;local machine&gt;]


Decoding The State Number

With the state number you can then go and check Aaron Bertrand's Blog's article:


Troubleshooting Error 18456 (SQLBlog / Aaron)


Further Analysis

If you can edit additional information into your question, then we might be able to find the root cause together.