How to format a date field into diferente languages in the same command? (multiple locales)
Sorry, I've looked into the source code around lc_time_names and there is no solution around getting multiple lc_time_name translations with a single query.

MariaDB has an information_schema table called locales however it doesn't got as far as exporting the lc_time_names of days/months etc. All the names are stored in the server (code, not a database), and it would be moderately easy to export these to an information_schema table, however noone has written the code to do this.