When try to do Mysqldump Backup from console then getting such as error
if you are able to start mysql from command line then there should be no error in taking dump as well

check to see if following command works, Either traverse to directory containing binaries or include them in path variable.
You can also include variables to include port,socket etc in your path.  


  mysql.exe -uroot -p -P3306 


In order to take mysqldump use following,use switches to your conveniences.   


  mysqldump.exe -uroot -p -P3306 --all-databases --events >outfile.sql


Give It a try and let us know in case of any error.

Regards and Happy New Year.