Access query to locate changed records
I located the error: My joins were incorrect and the operation cannot be performed in Design View. I had to rewrite the joins in SQL view.

The original code:

SELECT OldNames.ID, Names.NewID, Catalog.Specimen#, 
FROM Catalog INNER JOIN (OldNames INNER JOIN Names ON OldNames.ID = Names.AllID)
ON (Catalog.ID = Names.NewID) AND (Catalog.ID = Names.AllID)


Replace 'AND' with 'OR' to have the code function properly (although it can only be executed from SQL view)

SELECT OldNames.ID, Names.NewID, Catalog.Specimen#, 
FROM Catalog INNER JOIN (OldNames INNER JOIN Names ON OldNames.ID = Names.AllID) 
(Catalog.ID = Names.NewID) OR (Catalog.ID = Names.AllID)