Change the row position of a record without messing anything else MySQL?
A database is NOT Excel. The position of a column in a table is - in regard to normal USE of the table - completely arbitrary.

To receive results from a table, you query it - and in that query, you can modify the (selected) column order to get your desired results.

In the same vein, storing computed values (your columns 2-5, 11) primarily makes sense in a time-critical context (i.e. when storage (space and speed) is no issue, but data retrieval has to be extremely quick). I'm not really seeing that in your scenario.

It would be better to simply store the age and to compute which category it belongs to in your select query.