psql: id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY not starting with 1?
The table should be
create table cali (
    id serial primary key,
    alk_from bigint,
    alk_to bigint,
    and_from int,
    and_to int
);

And do
\COPY cali (alk_from, alk_to, and_from, and_to) 
FROM '/home/.../data/output/id_cali.csv' 
(FORMAT CSV);

So that it knows to not insert into the id serial column. The serial type is not a true type. From the manual:

The data types smallserial, serial and bigserial are not true types, but merely a notational convenience for creating unique identifier columns (similar to the AUTO_INCREMENT property supported by some other databases)
Thus, we have created an integer column and arranged for its default values to be assigned from a sequence generator