Microsoft SQL Server 2016 Service Pack 1 (SP1) support for TDE (transparent data encryption)
The documentation Editions and supported features of SQL Server 2016 was updated to cover what is, and what is not, added in SQL Server 2016 Service Pack 1.
Transparent Data Encryption is still an Enterprise-only feature.

You can find more details on the official SQL Server Release Services blog. The matrix there shows all new additions in SP1, to enable a common programming surface. Reproduced below in case the link stops working.

The following table compares the list of features which were only available in Enterprise edition which are now enabled in Standard, Web, Express, and LocalDB editions with SQL Server 2016 SP1. This consistent programmatically surface area allows developers and ISVs to develop and build applications leveraging the following features which can be deployed against any edition of SQL Server installed in the customer environment. The scale and high availability limits do not change, and remain as–is for lower editions