Moving data from staging table to production table uses up to 200GB of Log space
You might like to look at partition switching - the staging table could be switched in to the production table, and the production table switched out to a history table. https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/statements/alter-table-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver15#c-switching-partitions-between-tables gives an example of a switch out. There are quite a few blogs about the technique, look up a few and see if they match what you are trying to do.
A system I used to work on had a monthly data load. The data was staged to a table, which was then switched in to the live table. The live table had a partition per month. It was very quick as I think it's a metadata operation. HTH