Linked server - connection fail from remote computer (using ssms)
It is as you guessed a double hop issue.

Recreating the issue, trying to connect from my local SSMS, to the source server, and then connecting to a second destination server via a Linked Server "connection test" that is configured as "be made using the current security context".



Workaround #1

Implement kerberos authentication

The kerberos configuration manager is much easier than manually creating the commands

Download Link

More information on implementing kerberos Here

Also check out step 11 of This link:


  
  How do I set up Kerberos for linked servers? 
  
  
  Set up SPNs for both instances. Set delegation to Trust this user for
  delegation to any service on the service account being used on the
  instance where the linked server is set up. Basically, the server that
  must pass the ticket along must be set up for delegation.


Workaround #2

Using a SQL Login to map to the windows login.

Step 1: Create the Login on the destination server and give it the needed rights



Step 2: Change Linked server mapping



Note: if you are adding an other account than the one you are currently creating the linked server with, then it will still throw an error.

Step 3: Test the connection again: