How to safely recreate a MS SQL table that has other objects depending on it?
The simple way around this is to change some options in Management Studio.

Go to Tools, Options, Designers, Table and Database Designers. Uncheck "Prevent saving changes that require table re-creation".

Generally speaking, Management Studio will properly handle dependencies when you modify a table in a way that requires it to be recreated (it will do assorted tricks with temp tables behind the scenes, which you can see if you tell it to generate a change script instead of actually making the changes). However, this may involve modifications/changes to related tables or foreign keys. In other words, don't do this on a live system if you can help it, and make sure you've got backups before you do it.