Warn about table recreation on table change
No, the option is to either always prevent it or to not warn you at all.

What you should do, is merely learn and understand what types of changes will force SSMS to drop the table and re-create it, or stop using the designer UI altogether and use DDL. In some cases you can write DDL such that it doesn't have to drop and re-create the table (SSMS isn't smart enough for all of these cases), but in all cases at least you'll know what's going to happen.