How to write "Verify backup when finished" in T-SQL?
You can use ola.hallengren Backup scripts and schedule the job once you have created the required scripts from Ola's link:

In job you can use:

EXECUTE dbo.DatabaseBackup
@Databases = 'USER_DATABASES',
@Directory = '\\Server1\Backup',
@BackupType = 'FULL',
@Verify = 'Y'


Here as you can see Verify='Y' will do the job in addition to backing up the user databases.

The best approach would be above as you can log the history in table as well for the verification that is being done by using extra parameter in above code:

i.e. @LogToTable='Y' which Log commands to the table dbo.CommandLog.

Apart from this if you still like T-SQL that would be 

RESTORE VERIFYONLY FROM DISK = B:\databasebackup.BAK
GO