InnoDB compression: memory usage
I addressed this issue 1.5 years ago : innodb_file_format Barracuda

Just from reading the documentation, I was able to figure out mathematically that the smaller you make the key_block_size, the less extra space you need to add to the InnoDB Buffer Pool.

Here is the chart I made up in that earlier post


You have a DB Server with a 8G Buffer Pool
You ran compression with key_block_size=8


8 is 50.00% of 16
50.00% of 8G is 4G
raise innodb_buffer_pool_size to 12G (8G + 4G)

You ran compression with key_block_size=4


4 is 25.00% of 16
25.00% of 8G is 2G
raise innodb_buffer_pool_size to 10G (8G + 2G)

You ran compression with key_block_size=2


2 is 12.50% of 16
12.50% of 8G is 1G
raise innodb_buffer_pool_size to 9G (8G + 1G)

You ran compression with key_block_size=1


1 is 06.25% of 16
06.25% of 8G is 0.5G (512M)
raise innodb_buffer_pool_size to 8704M (8G (8192M) + 512M)



Given the following


BPS = Buffer Pool Size
KBS = key_block_size
BPSFC = Buffer Pool Size For Compression


The ideal size for the Buffer Pool in a perfect world would be

BPSFC = BPS * (16 + KBS) / 16 


From this formula, less is more. The smaller KBS is, the smaller the increase in BPS needs to be. Additoinally, it would appear that the CPU would worker a little harder in response to tighter compression. How ?


For KBS=8, evicting one uncompressed page leaves room for 02 compressed pages
For KBS=4, evicting one uncompressed page leaves room for 04 compressed pages
For KBS=2, evicting one uncompressed page leaves room for 08 compressed pages
For KBS=1, evicting one uncompressed page leaves room for 16 compressed pages
For KBS=X, evicting one uncompressed page leaves room for 16/X compressed pages


I can see the CPU working harder to introduce more compressed pages with tighter compression. This could result in evicting LRU compressed pages more often.

If this is the case, it would appear that making the BPS even bigger than the suggested values from these formulas would give CPU some relief as well as reduce the rate of the eviction of compressed pages from the Buffer Pool.

EXAMPLE: From my first chart, an 8GB Buffer Pool would need to be 12GB for key_block_size=8. Making the Buffer Pool larger than 12GB would relieve the CPU of a lot of this heavy lifting (in the form of evicting uncompressed pages). Perhaps doubling the Buffer Pool Size may be need to be explored.

As for your question


  will enabling compression on tables without changing the buffer pool size hurt or benefit the buffer pool hit rate?


I would say it would hurt, no such much because of the hit rate against the compressed pages, but because of the additional house cleaning in terms of the management of uncompressed pages and the CPU usage required for it. This would lower InnoDB performance no matter how much tuning the rest of the Storage Engine gets.