Database Configuration In DB2 and Oracle
In general, there are no equivalent settings.  Checking for deadlocks is something that happens automatically, there is no setting that configures when that checking is done.  Oracle generally has no system-level timeout for locks.  You can set DISTRIBUTED_LOCK_TIMEOUT but that only affects how long a distributed transaction would wait for a lock to be acquired, it has no impact on non-distributed transactions.  Beyond that, a session will wait for a lock indefinitely unless the session requesting the lock specifies a timeout (i.e. SELECT ... FOR UPDATE WAIT n).