Using Row_Number to find consecutive row count
The general name for this type of query is "gaps and islands". One approach below. If you can have duplicates in the source data you might need dense_rank rather than row_number

WITH DATA(C) AS
(
SELECT 724 UNION ALL
SELECT 727 UNION ALL
SELECT 728 UNION ALL
SELECT 729 UNION ALL
SELECT 735 UNION ALL
SELECT 737 UNION ALL
SELECT 743 UNION ALL
SELECT 744 UNION ALL
SELECT 747 UNION ALL
SELECT 749
), T1 AS
(
SELECT C,
       C - ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY C) AS Grp
FROM DATA)
SELECT C,
       ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY Grp ORDER BY C) AS Consecutive
FROM T1


Returns

C           Consecutive
----------- --------------------
724         1
727         1
728         2
729         3
735         1
737         1
743         1
744         2
747         1
749         1