How to check for record which has no entry in another table with some specific value?
I typically write this as NOT EXISTS query because this aligns with the wording of the problem ("find everything in table1 where no corresponding row exists in table2")

select t1.* 
from table1 t1
where not exists (select *
                  from table2 t2
                  where t1.id = t2.table1_id
                    and type = 'Some Value');


Depending on your DBMS, mcNets' solutions might be faster - that depends a lot on the query optimizer, in Oracle for example it won't make any difference.