AlwaysOn Availability Groups Delayed Replica
No, this is not possible with Availability Groups.  Any incurred delays are usually from things like network, secondary replica log block flush, etc.  There's no way that I can think of to turn that knob and create more of a time gap.

It sounds like if you want to take this "delayed transactions" approach, Log Shipping may have actually been the best solution there.  Or you could just deal with point-in-time restores in the (hopefully corner) case of data manipulation errors.  Ideally that wouldn't be happening all that frequently, and you should already have point-in-time restores as part of your operational capability, so you wouldn't need to incur any other additional technology of processes to accomplish this.