Select where next row's value is greater
select
  insp_id, road_id, insp_date as cond_error_date, condition as cond_error 
from 
(
  select
    insp_id, road_id, insp_date, condition, 
    lag(condition) over (partition by road_id order by insp_date) as condition_before
  from
    road_insp
)
where condition &gt; condition_before;

   INSP_ID    ROAD_ID COND_ERRO COND_ERROR
---------- ---------- --------- ----------
         8          4 01-JAN-06         12
        16          5 01-JAN-18         20