SQL Server - How to grant SELECT permission on View that access data in schemas from differents owners?
Based on one of the suggestions that Dan Guzman gave me in your answer, and after read this question I found a workaround to my problem.

Apparently, there is no way, in scenario as described, to grant to userX SELECT permission in the viewABC without grant also SELECT permission on tableA.

The solution that I found was the following: 


in schemaD I created a Table-Valued Function that return the same record set of viewABC - despite ownerX isn't owner of schemaA, he has SELECT permission on tableA
the EXECUTE AS clause was used to guarantee that any execution of the function will use ownerX permissions - in this context doesn't matter the permission that userX has on tableA
to userX was granted SELECT permission in the created function - not EXECUTE permission, since the function return a table




The Table-Valued Function sample code:

CREATE FUNCTION schemaD.udfABC ()
RETURNS @tabABC TABLE (
  fieldA INT NOT NULL, fieldB INT NOT NULL, fieldC INT NOT NULL
)
WITH EXECUTE AS OWNER
AS
BEGIN
  INSERT INTO @tabABC (fieldA, fieldB, fieldC)
    SELECT a.fieldA, b.fieldB, c.fieldC
      FROM schemaA.tableA a
     INNER JOIN schemaB.tableB b ON a.id = b.idA
     INNER JOIN schemaC.tableC c ON b.id = c.idB;

  RETURN;  
END


Granting SELECT permission:

GRANT SELECT ON schemaD.udfABC TO userX;


Now userX can use this command to get data:

SELECT * FROM schemaD.udfABC();