Updateable Subscriptions: Rows do not match between Publisher and Subscriber
Several years ago Hilary Cotter responded to a similar problem.  In his post he mentioned that synchronous replication is more reliable than asynchronous replication. 

Rows Do Not Match Between Publisher and Subscriber

Part of Hilary's response is included:


  Your chances of having this work successfully would be better if you did a
  sync subscription (i.e. the subscriber does not have the schema and
  data in place option).
  
  I would advise you to drop and recreate the subscription and push it
  again, again making sure that nobody else was working on the
  publication database while you are doing this.


The poster of the question responded to this direction with:


  I have since dropped and re-created the table at the subscriber that
  wasn't updating properly and this seems to have cured the problem. ...
  I can only guess that something had gone awry in the system tables
  regarding this object.


The poster also noted that that he was using asynchronous replication and noted that it was extra work to tear down and recreate the affected referential integrity.  

Nonetheless, that apparently got his replication running again.