Delete data before INSERT
Yes, you can issue a DELETE statement before your INSERT. If you do it inside a transaction, they will be essentially one operation, they will either fail or succeed together (assuming that the table uses a transactional engine, like InnoDB):

START TRANSACTION ;

    DELETE FROM
        payment_transactions_daily_facts
    WHERE
        date BETWEEN '2018-11-11' AND '2018-11-14' ;

    INSERT INTO
        payment_transactions_daily_facts
        (count, volume, date, ...)
    SELECT
         ...  ;

COMMIT ;