Why the table gets deleted by the server in mysql?
Reading the log seems to make the problem fairly apparent:

2013-11-27T15:08:08.791992Z 9 Query drop table devicedata 


That's not mysql dropping the table.  That's your application dropping the table.

There's another line in the log that is very suspicious:

 ,s.Plan_Hash_Value FROM V$sql s WHERE s.Sql_Text LIKE 'SELECT /*+ FIRST_ROWS XX */ 


V$sql is not a valid table name, at least not without backticks.  It sounds like the application may be trying to build the table name from a string and building the string incorrectly... when that query fails, it drops the table in some kind of misguided attempt at "recovery."

Search the code for the word "drop."  MySQL has no concept of dropping a table because it's too full.