How to determine the fully qualified tablenames of aliased tables, when a specifically named column is used in a stored procedure in SQL Server?
You have a couple of DMVs for this. My guess is that sys.dm_sql_referenced_entities can be useful:
USE Adventureworks
GO

CREATE OR ALTER PROC dbo.myProc
AS
SELECT h.AccountNumber, d.LineTotal
FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail AS d
 INNER JOIN Sales.SalesOrderHeader AS h ON d.SalesOrderID = h.SalesOrderID  
WHERE 1 = 0
GO

SELECT * FROM sys.dm_sql_referenced_entities('dbo.myProc', 'OBJECT')

SELECT * FROM sys.dm_sql_referencing_entities('Sales.SalesOrderDetail', 'OBJECT')