Query Transactional Replication Article Filters
To research this, I configured transactional replication on my test server with 1 article having row filter. I did this for Adventureworks.Sales.Store table having [CustomerID] &lt;10. Initially, I tried querying distribution..sysarticles to check the filter details. But, surprisingly it did not show any data in it.  

Then I checked Adventureworks..sysarticles(i.e. in publication database) and that did the trick. See the below result: