How can i update my database from another database using temporary tables?
You can indeed use stored procedures to refresh the data in your database.  It just means coding the INSERTs and UPDATEs appropriate to your data.

If you are replacing the existing data with new data, you could use:

INSERT INTO ... SELECT FROM ... syntax, after deleting the existing data, to pull the data from your query and insert it into the now empty table. Of course, you could run individual steps to update many tables, one at a time.

Syntax documentation on INSERT INTO ... SELECT FROM is here: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/insert-select.html

If you want to UPDATE ... SELECT FROM for only some values in a table, you could follow the different examples here:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1262786/mysql-update-query-based-on-select-query

Also general UPDATE syntax is described here: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/update.html