SQL Server: subscriber as publisher and hierarchical replication
UPDATE: It seems it is with use of merge replication and republishing, what about transactional replication?

The near to same functionality can be achieved using Peer-to-Peer Transactional Replication. This is the only SQL Server replication technology that allows simultaneous writes at multiple nodes.

Peer-to-peer replication is a logical extension to bi-directional transactional replication handling the data layer only. The replication engine is used to replicate like it says "from everyone - to - everyone".

More info can be found at Publication Types for Transactional Replication. Here is a good example of configuring it.

Refer this white paper for a comparison of SQL Server and Oracle features.