MySql Federated table and changes propagation
I recommend you use standard master/slave replication with each node being slave to every other node (the multi-source) option. This isn't master-master as log-slave-updates should not be enabled.

Use the server configuration auto_increment_increment to 10, and have each node having auto_increment_offset to a unique number I think will satisfy you requirement that each node has a different, non-conflicting numbering of ids as an alternate to centralized issuing of numbers.

You application will need to ensure that the same deletes or updates of a row do not happen on simultaneous nodes. Inserts should also use the auto_increment field only.

Federated tables is a bit of a hack that isn't particularly maintained.