list of views that depend on a given table and column
SQL Server provides a system view, sys.sql_dependencies, which maps the dependencies consumed by objects such as views.
So, to view all the tables and columns associated with the views in your database, use the following query:
;WITH deps
AS
(
    SELECT sd.object_id
        , sd.referenced_major_id
    FROM sys.sql_dependencies sd
    WHERE sd.class = 0
        OR sd.class = 1
    GROUP BY sd.object_id
        , sd.referenced_major_id
)
SELECT ViewName = v.name
    , ReferencedObjectName = o.name
    , ReferencedColumns = STUFF((SELECT N', ' + c.name 
                                 FROM sys.columns c 
                                    INNER JOIN sys.sql_dependencies sd1 ON c.object_id = sd1.referenced_major_id
                                        AND c.column_id = sd1.referenced_minor_id 
                                 WHERE c.object_id = sd.referenced_major_id 
                                 ORDER BY c.object_id FOR XML PATH('')
                                 ), 1, 2, N'')
FROM sys.views v
    INNER JOIN deps sd ON v.object_id = sd.object_id
    INNER JOIN sys.objects o ON sd.referenced_major_id = o.object_id
ORDER BY v.name;

Consider this simple test:
DROP VIEW dbo.my_view_2;
DROP VIEW dbo.my_view;
DROP TABLE dbo.my_table;
DROP TABLE dbo.my_table_2;
CREATE TABLE dbo.my_table (Column_I int NOT NULL, Column_J int NOT NULL);
CREATE TABLE dbo.my_table_2 (Column_J int NOT NULL, Column_K int NOT NULL, Column_L int NOT NULL);
GO
CREATE VIEW dbo.my_view AS SELECT mt.Column_I FROM dbo.my_table mt INNER JOIN dbo.my_table_2 mt2 ON mt.Column_J = mt2.Column_J;
GO
CREATE VIEW dbo.my_view_2 AS SELECT mt.Column_I FROM dbo.my_table mt;
GO

The results of the query above show:
╔═══════════╦══════════════════════╦══════════════════════════════╗
║ ViewName  ║ ReferencedObjectName ║      ReferencedColumns       ║
╠═══════════╬══════════════════════╬══════════════════════════════╣
║ my_view   ║ my_table             ║ Column_I, Column_I, Column_J ║
║ my_view   ║ my_table_2           ║ Column_J                     ║
║ my_view_2 ║ my_table             ║ Column_I, Column_I, Column_J ║
╚═══════════╩══════════════════════╩══════════════════════════════╝
This would limit the output to only views that depend on a specific table:
;WITH deps
AS
(
    SELECT sd.object_id
        , sd.referenced_major_id
    FROM sys.sql_dependencies sd
    WHERE sd.class = 0
        OR sd.class = 1
    GROUP BY sd.object_id
        , sd.referenced_major_id
)
SELECT ViewName = v.name
    , ReferencedObjectName = o.name
    , ReferencedColumns = STUFF((SELECT N', ' + c.name 
                                 FROM sys.columns c 
                                    INNER JOIN sys.sql_dependencies sd1 ON c.object_id = sd1.referenced_major_id
                                        AND c.column_id = sd1.referenced_minor_id 
                                 WHERE c.object_id = sd.referenced_major_id 
                                 ORDER BY c.object_id FOR XML PATH('')
                                 ), 1, 2, N'')
FROM sys.views v
    INNER JOIN deps sd ON v.object_id = sd.object_id
    INNER JOIN sys.objects o ON sd.referenced_major_id = o.object_id
WHERE o.name = N'my_table_1'
ORDER BY v.name;

This could be used to show views that depend on any column in the database with a specific name column_j:
;WITH deps
AS
(
    SELECT sd.object_id
        , sd.referenced_major_id
    FROM sys.sql_dependencies sd
    WHERE sd.class = 0
        OR sd.class = 1
    GROUP BY sd.object_id
        , sd.referenced_major_id
)
SELECT ViewName = v.name
    , ReferencedObjectName = o.name
    , ReferencedColumns = STUFF((SELECT N', ' + c.name 
                                 FROM sys.columns c 
                                    INNER JOIN sys.sql_dependencies sd1 ON c.object_id = sd1.referenced_major_id
                                        AND c.column_id = sd1.referenced_minor_id 
                                 WHERE c.object_id = sd.referenced_major_id 
                                 ORDER BY c.object_id FOR XML PATH('')
                                 ), 1, 2, N'')
FROM sys.views v
    INNER JOIN deps sd ON v.object_id = sd.object_id
    INNER JOIN sys.objects o ON sd.referenced_major_id = o.object_id
WHERE EXISTS (
        SELECT 1 
        FROM sys.columns c 
        WHERE c.object_id = sd.referenced_major_id
        AND c.name = N'Column_J'
        )
ORDER BY v.name;