Schema based replication in Oracle using Data Guard
If you want to do replication from one database to another, but skip certain schemas, then a Data Guard logical standby database may be a good fit for you.

However, if you want to perform replication from within the same database at the schema level, then Oracle GoldenGate "may" be able to do that... however, I've never used GoldenGate, so I can't confirm if that would be a good fit.  

This answer assumes you want to do replication from one database to another, but skip certain schemas.

A logical standby database uses logminer and SQL Apply to replay the SQL statements on the standby database.  You can have a very fine grained control over what is replicated and what isn't; however, administering a logical standby is far more complicated than administering a physical standby, therefore, if you aren't familiar with Data Guard, I would become very familiar with administering a physical standby before attempting to administer a logical standby database.  In addition, a logical standby is open in read/write, and you can control what objects can and can't be modified directly by turning off SQL Apply for those objects (or entire schemas), and setting GUARD to standby.

1) Create a Data Guard physical standby

2)  Convert a physical standby to a logical standby

--STANDBY 
alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

--PRIMARY
execute dbms_logstdby.build;

--STANDBY
alter database recover to logical standby keep identity;
alter database open;
alter database start logical standby apply immediate;


3)  Skip replication (DDL and DML) for an entire schema (assuming HR is the schema you wish to skip)

--STANDBY
alter database stop logical standby apply;

EXECUTE DBMS_LOGSTDBY.SKIP(STMT =&gt; 'SCHEMA DDL', schema_name =&gt; 'HR', object_name =&gt; '%');
EXECUTE DBMS_LOGSTDBY.SKIP(STMT =&gt; 'DML', schema_name =&gt; 'HR', object_name =&gt; '%');

alter database start logical standby apply immediate;


4)  Allow changes to objects not being maintained through SQL Apply

alter database guard standby;


The 12c docs on Data Guard logical standby databases can be found here:

Creating a logical standby database

Managing a logical standby database