Rows deleted in the subscriber - what to do? - SQL Server Transactional Replication
If you have mistakenly removed a row on the subscriber that should receive an update through replication, the easiest way to fix would be to re-construct the missing row on the subscriber that matches the row that is failing to update.

Once the row is on the subscriber, the update can run successfully (even if it just writes the same value into the desired column), then replication should continue happily.

I have had this same scenario occur in the past and replication continued without issue.