SQL Server 2012 - cannot login
During installation you were prompted to add Windows users to the SQL instance. Did you add any? Unless you added yourself as a SQL user you won't be able to connect.


if you added Administrators as SQL users then you must run SSMS w/o the LUA token restriction, in other words you must right click the launch icon and select "run as Administrator"
if you did not add any user as  SQL user then you must follow the steps described in Connect to SQL Server When System Administrators Are Locked Out
if you don't know what you did and cannot follow the steps mentioned above, discard the VM and install SQL again. Pay attention to the installation procedure and make sure you add yourself as a valid SQL user. Read Database Engine Configuration - Account Provisioning for more details.



  All SQL Server Services are 'running'.


Make sure SQL Server Browser Service is running.