See actual results of SQL UPDATE command
Here's how you'd do something like that in SQL Server.  Because an UPDATE is essentially old data and new data, SQL Server exposes the deleted and inserted dynamic tables.  You can work with them to get what the data looked like prior to the UPDATE, and after the UPDATE:

update HumanResources.Department
set GroupName = 'Testing Group Name'
output
    deleted.DepartmentID as Old_DepartmentID,
    inserted.DepartmentID as New_DepartmentID,
    deleted.Name as Old_Name,
    inserted.Name as New_Name,
    deleted.GroupName as Old_GroupName,
    inserted.GroupName as New_GroupName
where DepartmentID &gt; 12