What column type can store txid_current value?
I'm suspicious about your motivations, but I'd say you should either use bigint (which is the data type xid_current returns) or use xid (which is the internal data type for xid's). By way of example, see the following:
pagila=# create table xidvals as select * from txid_current();
SELECT 1
pagila=# \d xidvals
                 Table &quot;public.xidvals&quot;
    Column    |  Type  | Collation | Nullable | Default
--------------+--------+-----------+----------+---------
 txid_current | bigint |           |          |

pagila=# select xmin,xmax,txid_current from xidvals;
  xmin  | xmax | txid_current
--------+------+--------------
 358165 |    0 |       358165
(1 row)

pagila=# select attname, atttypid::regtype from pg_attribute where attrelid = 'xidvals'::regclass and attname in ('xmax','xmin','txid_current');
   attname    | atttypid
--------------+----------
 xmax         | xid
 xmin         | xid
 txid_current | bigint
(3 rows)