Clarification on SQL Server 2016 Always Encrypted
AE is intended to protect sensitive data end-to-end. That's why keys are held by the client, not server. In SQL Server 2016 granularity is at the column level. 

If you want to AE the entire database, you'd have to do it one column at a time. That doesn't really make sense and doesn't fit the AE scenario unless all data in your database is sensitive. Theoretically possible but pretty rare in reality. You've also made your database extremely limited in query capabilities and perf is pretty much out the window.