Is there a syntax for accessing table names containing slashes?
I'd try escaping stuff and see what happens

SELECT * FROM OPENQUERY(LinkedServer, 'SELECT * FROM //MYWHATEVER//MYTABLE')
SELECT * FROM OPENQUERY(LinkedServer, 'SELECT * FROM \/MYWHATEVER\/MYTABLE')
...


I assume that the local ODBC layer is bollixing you. The bit inside OPENQUERY should be a literal to SQL Server so it is external to SQL Server. So it could be be the ODBC layer: can you profile (or log) what happens on the MaxDB to see what gets through?

Another option would be use a view or proc in the MaxDB to give "proper" names