Why SQL Server replication related jobs do not show up under the jobs folder in SSMS?
In replication their are 3 Database/Servers you have:


Publisher  : where the data comes from
Distribution  : handles tracking and packaging of data to be sent to the subscriber
Subscriber  : receives the data


Depending on the type of replication you have setup, the replication jobs may be running at a different location than you expect, ie:

Under Pull replication, there will be jobs running on the Subscriber to pull the data from the distribution database vs Push replication, the job will be running on the Distribution server.

For more info see MSDN: Replication Agents Overview