How do I recover data from the postgres data directory on my hard drive?
If you need a method to restore the database but do not have an Intel/AMD-based system available, then a virtual machine on Amazon, DigitalOcean, or elsewhere may give you what you need. If you’ve never had an Amazon Web Services account, you can even do all of this for “free”.
The process might work like this:

Sign up for an account with a VPS provider
Configure it with an operating system of your choice. For the sake of this example, I’ll use Ubuntu Server 20.04 and PostgreSQL 12
Install PostgreSQL
sudo apt install postgresql postgresql-contrib


Confirm the installation was successful by connecting to the database:
sudo -i -u postgres
psql


So long as you can connect, then it’s all good. Let’s exit:
\q


Now we need to stop the server:
service postgresql stop



With the basics in place, it’s now time to do some file management.

Delete the files located in the PostgreSQL data directory
sudo rm -Rf /var/lib/postgresql/12/main


Copy the old data files to that location
Set file permissions accordingly:
sudo chown -R postgres:postgres /var/lib/postgresql/12/main
sudo chmod -R u+rwx,g-rwx,o-rwx /var/lib/postgresql/12/main


Restart PostgreSQL
sudo service postgresql start


Get your data back

All in all, this may be about 30~45 minutes of work. Hope it allows you to recover the missing records.

Note: If you choose to create an AWS account and use their free tier options, remember to terminate the instance when you’re done to avoid any unexpected charges one year from now.


Note 2: Because these are virtual machines, if anything goes wrong, simply terminate the machine and start over.