Getting Machine name from where stored procedure was last executed
If the database is in full recovery mode and you are doing periodic log backups then you can find the login that deleted the data, and the exact moment the data was deleted. Read How to read and interpret the SQL Server log. Also, with a proper backup strategy in place, it will be trivial to recover the deleted data as well.

On the other hand, if you do not have a proper backup strategy in place, then you well deserve to loose this data and more.