Select from one table where range is held in columns belonging to another table
In ANSI SQL and SQL Server you would just use an INNER JOIN. I don't know whether Oracle supports this, but I'd be surprised if it doesn't... No DDL, so typing off the top of my head:

SELECT * 
FROM table_b AS b
INNER JOIN table_a AS a ON b.DivisionNo BETWEEN a.start_division AND a.end_division