how to use trigger to make SQL Job's step success or fail
If you are storing records in a permanent table, you can make use of a trigger below.

--to check status of inserted record  

create trigger triggername   
on tablename    
for insert     
as    
begin     
if exists(select 1 from inserted)    
--do your logic here    
end       

--to check status of deleted record    

create trigger triggername  
on tablename    
for delete
as    
begin   
if exists( select 1 from deleted)    
--do your logic here to start another process     
end    


Just for your information, inserted and deleted tables can be used to know what records are inserted/deleted as the result of the trigger action, and in spite of how many rows are inserted or deleted, the trigger will fire only once per statement. Further, you can combine both of the above statements into one by just doing like below:   

create trigger triggername    
on tablename    
for insert,delete    
as    
if exists(select 1 from inserted)    
begin   
--what you want to do when a record is inserted   
end      

if exists(select 1 from deleted)    
begin    
--what you want to do when a record is deleted    
end