SQL Server Schema Security
Yes.  Simply grant the user that you create that lets them log into the SQL Server SELECT rights only on the view and not the table.

You could actually do all this through a single view.

Create a function that looks up the CustomerId based on the username.  Then call that function as part of the view.

create view YourView as 
select * 
from YourTable where CustomerID = dbo.YourFunction(suser_sname())