Easiest way to duplicate rows
This is a very simple INSERT .. SELECT query.  

The id is not included in the column list as it has the AUTO_INCREMENT property and will get values automatically. You only need to replace 'aaa' with the menucardhash value that you want to duplicate from and 'qqq'  with the new value:

INSERT INTO menuship3
    (headhash, menucardhash, menucathash, producthash)
SELECT 
    headhash, 'qqq', menucathash, producthash
FROM 
    menuship3
WHERE 
    menucardhash = 'aaa' ;