postgresql different configuration for different tablespace
See the docs for ALTER TABLESPACE.

Since version 9.6, you can set "effective_io_concurrency" on a per-tablespace basis. You can do so for "random_page_cost" long before 9.6.

These changes have to be made inside the database itself. For discoverability purposes, I would also add a comment inside postgresql.conf near the global settings, saying that they have been tweaked per tablespace.  Otherwise, it is not very obvious that these changes have been made.