How to change results cell padding in Azure Data Studio
maybe this helps:

https://github.com/real-napster/azuredatastudio_settings 

...
sqlops_settings

My Azure Data Studio Settings

Settings
{
    "sql.messagesDefaultOpen": false,
    "mssql.intelliSense.lowerCaseSuggestions": true,
    "resultsGrid.fontSize": 12,
    "resultsGrid.fontFamily": "Microsoft Sans Serif",
    "editor.fontFamily": "Fira Code, 'Courier New', monospace",
    "editor.fontSize": 14,
    "editor.minimap.enabled": true,
    "editor.minimap.maxColumn": 120,
    "resultsGrid.cellPadding": [  
        5,   !!!
        10,  !!!
        15   !!!
    ],
    "editor.cursorBlinking": "phase",
    "editor.smoothScrolling": true,
    "workbench.colorTheme": "One Dark Pro",
    "workbench.iconTheme": "vscode-icons",
    "files.autoGuessEncoding": true,
    "window.titleBarStyle": "custom",
    "editor.smoothScrolling": true,
    "editor.cursorBlinking": "smooth",
    "workbench.enablePreviewFeatures": true
}


marked the Padding entries using !!!