Classifying noetherian simple groups by order type?
Here's an argument handling a special case. Consider a fixed poset $P = (S,\leq)$. Say that a (well-founded) forest $F$ is a branching-representation of $P$ if:


the nodes of $F$ are bijectively labelled by the elements of $P$;
for each node $u$ of $F$, its children are ???


(SORRY, CAN'T FIGURE THE RIGHT DIFINITION NOW, I'M PUTTING THIS ON STANDBY)

We may then assign an ordinal $o(u)$ to each node of $T$ inductively: (i) if $u$ is a leaf then $o(u) = 1$, (ii) if $u$ has children $(u_i)$, then $o(u) = \sum_i o(u_i)$. The order type of $T$ is then defined as $o(T) = o(r)$ where $r$ is the root. 

Is the following true?


  Conjecture: the order type of $P$ equals the minimum of $o(T)$ over all possible branching-representations $T$ of $P$.


Suppose this is true. Consider a poset $P = (S,\leq)$, and let $P^{\natural} = (S',\leq')$ where $S'$ consists of the finite antichains of $S$ and where the order satisfies $X \leq Y$ iff there is an injection $\phi : X \rightarrow Y$ s.t. $u \leq \phi(u)$ (f.a. $u \in X$). Suppose that $ot(P) = \lambda$ with $\lambda$ a limit ordinal, it should then follow that $ot(P^{\natural}) = \omega^{\lambda}$: starting with a b.p. $T$ of $P$, we would construct a b.p. $T'$ for $P^{\natural}$ by 'iterated substitution'.

This might help to analyze the case of ordered free groups. In this case, we have an ordered alphabet $P = (S,\leq)$, and we consider the free group $P^{\sharp}$ over $\{S \cup S^{-1}\}^*$, equipped by the relation $u \preceq v$ iff $u_i \leq v_{\phi(i)}$ for some injection $\phi$. Now, given an element $B = \{b_1,\ldots,b_k\} \in (P^{\sharp})^{\natural}$, we may define the subgroup $\langle B \rangle$ of $P^{\sharp}$ generated by $\cup_{i = 1}^{k} (b_i \downarrow)$.

It follows that the map $\chi : (P^{\sharp})^{\natural} \rightarrow Sub(P^{\sharp})$ defined by $\chi(B) = \langle B \rangle$ is surjective. Consider the equivalence over $(P^{\sharp})^{\natural}$ s.t. $B \sim B'$ iff $\chi(B) = \chi(B')$. Assuming that the equivalence classes of $\sim$ are finite (which seems intuitively true), I think that it would imply $ot(Sub(P^{\sharp})) = ot((P^{\sharp})^{\natural}) = \omega^{\omega^{\omega^{\lambda}}}$ (possibly up to some lower degree terms).

So if the above is correct, you've got at least the ordinals of the form $\omega^{\omega^{\omega^{\lambda}}}$ in question (1).