Complexity: simulated annealing vs. quantum annealing
In Rough Large Deviation Estimates for Simulated Annealing: Application to Exponential Schedules a theoretical justification for the exponential cooling schedule was given. The results there basically state that for a fixed computation time N you can always choose an appropriate constant $ C= f(N)$  for an exponential cooling schedule $ \beta = \beta_0 \cdot \exp \left( n f(N) \right) $ with $ f(N) \sim N^{-1} \ln\left(N\right) $, such that simulated annealing will converge. So in light of these results I would say it is clear that simulated annealing can converge faster than quantum annealing, at least for the quantum annealing schedule result you cited. Although, it seems you have to tweak the cooling schedule to the computation time.

A nice overview of theoretically grounded acceleration of simulate annealing is given here Theoretically Grounded Acceleration Techniques for Simulated Annealing