About the ACM and IEEE-CS Computing Curricula
The professional societies publish Curriculum Guidelines simply to guide universities in setting undergraduate curricula. They may be used by anyone, anywhere, but are not, normally, required. Note that the societies are private membership organizations, not official bodies. You can join them if you wish, but there are membership fees, normally less for students. 

The guidelines are created periodically (say every decade) by volunteer committees and try to represent a consensus of professionals. Each version goes through several published preliminary versions that anyone can comment on. The comments are considered by the committee. 

The goal of the committee is to design a "model curriculum" that is appropriate for either advancement to graduate school or to industry employment if a student has, at least, most of the knowledge implied. 

It is not, in general, a guide to PhD study, but those starting a doctorate should already have solid background in all of the areas of a model curriculum. 

Some university CS programs are accredited by ABET, which has its own expectations for curriculum as well as faculty standards, etc. This is a bit more official, but still not required. ABET is another private organization. 

If your university doesn't have courses in some area, you can ask them what can be done to "fix" that. You can also seek instruction in the missing areas through private instruction, another university, or online courses.