How is the data stored in AVL tree in a memory?
If I wanted to be really pedantic, the question would be unanswerable, as it depends on the particular implementation.

In most cases, however, the individual nodes of the tree are stored in one sequential chunk of memory that's allocated by whatever method your system/language provides (most common being malloc and/or new), each containing the key and the two pointers to child nodes, either of which can be a special value NULL, if a child is not present.

The individual nodes are usually scattered around the memory, with no clear relation between how/where they are located. We leave this for the memory allocator of the environment to handle. When we allocate a new node, we place its address (a pointer to it) in an existing node (or, as a special case, in the root pointer), so we can navigate to it.

Think of this as a linked list, where each item can have not only one, but two successors.