Identifying Coffman conditions in a given situation with deadlock
Considering the definition of circularity you exposed, it is important to highlight that ownership is not implemented in semaphores (it is for mutexes). So, in a way, each task is waiting for each other because each one has the possibility to "release" (i.e. perform a post to the semaphore since it starts from $0$) the resource (only if the condition inside the "if" is not satisfied). Extending this approach, also the task itself has the possibility to post to the semaphore. Moreover, note that the deadlock is present when $N&gt;2$.