Reduction from $L_{nonuniversal}$ to $L_{finite}$
For brevity, denote $L_{finite}, L_{nonuniversal}$, respectively, as $L_f, L_n$. To establish a mapping from $L_n$ to $L_f$ we map $\langle\,M\rangle\rightarrow\langle\,N\,\rangle$, where $\langle\,N\,\rangle$ is defined by

N(x) =
   for s = epsilon, 0, 1, 00, 01, 10, 11, 000, 001, ... //i.e., the standard order
      run M on s
      if M(s) = accept and s = x
         return accept


Now look at the behavior of this mapping:


If $\langle\,M\,\rangle\in L_n$ there will be some string in $\{0,1\}^*$ which is not accepted by $M$. Let $z$ be the first such string in standard order. Then $N$ will accept all and only those strings $y$ which are earlier in order than $z$ so $L(N)$ will consist of only those $y$s and so will be finite, i.e., $\langle\,N\,\rangle\in L_f$.
Similarly, if $\langle\,M\,\rangle\notin L_n$, then $L(M)=\{0,1\}^*$ so $M$ will accept every string and consequently $L(N)=\{0,1\}^*$, an infinite language, so $\langle\,N\,\rangle\notin L_f$. 


These two observations establish the reduction we need.