Byte/word addressing
In simple implementations, byte addressable is more important for writes than for read. 
Because, with RAM, you read all 32 or 64 bits then steer data with a multiplexer. For writes, you need to be able to selectively update each part. (An alternative, in early DEC Alpha processors, was not to provide any byte wide access instructions, they eventually added these 8/16 bits accesses in later models)

In a less ideal world, several issues may need to be considered:


Some I/O ports may have side effects on reads, so that it is important to know whether each individual byte is read. 
With EDC memory (error detection and correction), you cannot read or write only a byte, as error detection and correction is only efficient when handling at least 32 or 64 bits at once.