Priority in formal grammar
b0a has two subtly different productions (Note: I always expand the leftmost non-terminal):


EXP --&gt; bEXP --&gt; bEXPa --&gt; b0a and 
EXP --&gt; EXPa --&gt; bEXPa --&gt; b0a, 


so that's an example of an ambiguous string. 

To give a priority over b means that if you have b0a it will always be parsed as b(0a)  (i.e. the first production I showed). 



For the bit involving b and m, can you find two different productions for b0m0?



1m1m0 also has two subtly different productions: 


EXP -&gt; EXPmEXP --&gt; 1mEXP --&gt; 1mEXPmEXP --&gt; 1m1mEXP --&gt; 1m1m0 and
EXP -&gt; EXPmEXP --&gt; EXPmEXPmEXP --&gt; 1mEXPmEXP --&gt; 1m1mEXP --&gt; 1m1m0.


To make m associative is to remove this ambiguity, so that only one of these parses is possible (from the question, it doesn't seem to matter which one exactly, as long as you choose one and stick to it!)