Is any sudoku solver an SAT solver?
Your program is not a SAT solver.    A SAT solver takes as input a SAT formula and outputs whether it is satisfiable or not.  Your program doesn't take as input a SAT formula, so it isn't a SAT solver.

Yes, there are multiple ways of reducing Sudoku to SAT.

With standard Sudoku puzzles, we are promised that there exists exactly one valid solution.  With SAT, there might be 0, 1, 2, or more satisfying assignments, and we are asked to determine whether there exists 0 satisfying assignments or 1+ satisfying assignments.  Valiant and Vazirani considered the following problem: given a SAT formula with the promise that it has either 0 or 1 satisfying assignments (not more than 1), determine whether it has 0 satisfying assignments or 1 satisfying assignments.  They showed a randomized polynomial-time reduction showing that this problem is at least as hard as SAT (specifically, there is no polynomial-time algorithm for this problem either, unless NP=RP).

More generally, we could ask about the following problem: given a SAT formula with a promise that it has exactly 1 satisfying assignment, find the satisfying assignment.  This problem is the analogue of Sudoku (where we're given a Sudoku puzzle with the promise that it has exactly 1 valid solution, and we're asked to find that solution).  It follows from Valiant and Vazirani's result that this problem is at least as hard as SAT under randomized polynomial-time reductions; if you could solve this problem in polynomial time, you could solve SAT in (randomized) polynomial time.  So, the promise that a SAT formula has exactly 1 valid solution doesn't make it any easier to find the solution.

Further reading: UniqueSAT and UnambigousSAT at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean_satisfiability_problem#Extensions_of_SAT, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valiant%E2%80%93Vazirani_theorem, https://cstheory.stackexchange.com/q/1639/5038, Unique SAT complexity clarification, Proof of SAT is randomly reducible to UNIQUE-SAT, https://cstheory.stackexchange.com/q/22093/5038.