Use subset of training data as prediction data
The most important thing is to avoid "testing on the training set".  If you trained a model on a set of 500 users and then evaluate how well it performs by testing it on some of those same users, you're committing the "testing on the training set" sin.  The consequences of doing that is that your evaluation results will be misleading: they will over-estimate the effectiveness of your model.

There are various standard methods to avoid this problem.  One method is to use a holdout set: you set aside, say, 67% of your data for training and the other 33% for testing.  You train a model on the first 70% (the training set), and then evaluate how well your model performs on the other 30% (the testing set).  This will then give you a reasonable, unbiased estimate of the performance of your machine learning model.  In practice, a test+train division is often not enough; for various reasons, you'll often want three sets, a training set, a validation set, and a testing set.  You can read more about that in standard resources.

Another reasonable method is to use cross-validation to estimate the effectiveness of your scheme.  Basically, this involves repeatedly dividing up the data, learning a model on one portion of the data and evaluating on another portion, and then averaging the results.  This is a reasonable alternative to dividing the data into train+validate+test sets, when you don't have a lot of labelled data -- as in your case.

These comments are all about how to build the model, select parameters for your model, and evaluate the model's performance (predict how effective it will be in practice).  Once you've done all that and settled on a model, then you can simply apply the model to new customers to predict their likelihood of cancelling their subscription.

Finally, one last comment: your approach assumes uniformity over time: i.e., that the factors that influence behavior in the past will continue to hold in the same way in the future.  This may or may not be realistic.  For instance, maybe today some people are more likely to cancel cable subscriptions because of the availability of Netflix/Hulu/etc. whereas ten years ago that wasn't as much of a factor.  In many areas, things can change over time.  Read about concept drift to learn more about that particular challenge.

If this didn't answer your question, edit the question to clarify in more detail what you are asking about.