Understanding terms related to 2SAT algorithm
The terms universal vertex and existential vertex are not universal, but rather specific to this specific theorem. The context is a graph on the set of literals (variables and their complements). Presumably for every clause $\ell_1 \lor \ell_2$ in $C$, there is an arrow from $\bar{\ell}_1$ to $\ell_2$.

A vertex is called universal if its corresponding variable is universally quantified, that is, quantified as $\forall x_i$. In other words, if $Q_i x_i = \forall x_i$ then the vertices $x_i$ and $\bar{x}_i$ are universal.

Similarly, a vertex is called existential if its corresponding variable is existentially quantified, that is, quantified as $\exists x_i$.