Is it possible to get information from websites as a human?
The comments by David and D.W. are accurate. Your question is way too broad. But to give you a hint were you might start to dive deeper into the field, here is a very general answer to your question:

Yes, it is possible. Although, the methods we have are at the moment not as good as human performance (not surprisingly—the task is very hard; side note: If you restrict the text genre and the kind of information you are looking for strongly enough (say gene interactions in biomedical texts) then it is actually possible to achieve near-expert performance).

The name of the task you are describing is information extraction. 

An excellent text book which covers elementary methods of it (as well as lots of basics in natural language processing you need to know for that) is this one. There should be free pdf version around in the web as well.