Do the following concepts belong to syntax or semantics?
It's not really a good idea to try to divide everything in PL into "syntax" and "semantics". Often we mix things. Nevertheless, as for your question, we normally divide things up like this:


terms, values and types are syntactic entities, as each of them is described by grammatical rules, so these are syntax
a typing context is syntax in simple cases, when we can describe contexts using grammatical rules
the typing relation is considered to be part of static semantics, i.e., the typing relation is determined by the structure of the terms (as opposed to their operational behavior),
the evaluation relation is part of dynamic semantics, i.e., the evaluation rules explain the operational (dynamic) behavior of terms.


You did not mention denotational semantics, which gives mathematical meaning to terms and types. It is considered to be a separate thing of its own.