Jobs in algorithm design
I think it would be unusual to find an organisation advertising specifically for someone to design algorithms. Generally speaking a company will have a product or a number of products which go through an improvement and release cycle. Part of this will involve optimising algorithms/code. However to specialise so greatly I would have thought would mean such an employee would spend much of their time twiddling their thumbs! Any organisation nowadays generally wants someone to be multi-skilled (eg able to code as well)

Having said that, large organisations which engage in a lot of research (the likes of NASA, Google, Facebook, Bell Labs, Xerox of old) may have posts such as that. Bear in mind that those guys will be looking for real genius-level staff as well. (You may well be a genius.. :) )

I would try to broaden my horizons a little beyond just algos though, as after all, an algorithm is no good unless it can be implemented! And that will always bring its own set of challenges given available resources and the specific nature of the problem domain.

I know this isn't an "answer" just my thoughts. As a first port of call try typing "algorithm designer" into monster.com or similar job site! Good luck!