Which unit (control unite or logic unit) issue instructions of load/store?
You definitely cannot associate a part of the architecture with an instruction class.


All instructions are concerned by the control unit as it fetches instructions and decode them. 
Control instruction mostly concern the controller, but some computations may be done by the ALU. For instance, in branches, addresses are generally given by adding an offset to the program counter and that requires an adder that may be in the ALU. It is the same if a branch instruction has to perform a comparison to decide if branch must be taken or not.
once decoded, arithmetic/logic or data transfer instructions mostly concern the ALU part.


By the schematic that you gave (and my explanations) were true 40 years ago. Modern computers are much more complex. Control is somehow decentralized to allow execution of several concurrent instructions, instruction reordering, branch prediction, register renaming, etc. And the ALU is no longer a monolithic bloc but formed of several functional units dealing with specific computation, memory access, etc. You can find here the microarchitecture of a recent pentium (broadwell) and it is difficult to really identify the two units in your schematic. 

So even more than in your question, it is impossible to associate an hardware unit with an instruction type.