Meaning of this python modulo operator exercise?
Briefly, if $a$ is an integer and $b&gt;0$ is a positive integers then you can find an integer $m$ and an integer $r \in \{0,\ldots,b-1\}$ such that
$$
a = mb + r.
$$
We say that $m$ is the quotient and $r$ is the remainder. For example, if $a=2$ and $b=4$ then $m=0$ and $r=2$.

When $b$ is allowed to be negative, the exact meaning is language-specific. You can work out the case of python by trying a few examples.