Solving or estimating the recurrence $T(n) = x + T(n-\log_2 n)$
Assuming an appropriate base case, it is easy to see that $T(n) \geq (n/\log_2 n) \cdot x$, since at each step we subtract at most $\log_2 n$, and thus it takes t least $n/\log_2 n$ steps to reach zero.

In the other direction, denote by $m$ the current input ($n$, $n-\log_2n$, and so on). As long as $m \geq n/2$, the input decreases by at least $(\log_2 n)/2$ at each step, and so it takes at most $2n/\log_2 n$ steps to reach $n/2$. Then it takes at most $4\sqrt{n}/\log_2 n$ steps to reach $n^{1/4}$, and so on. After $\log\log n$ such phases, $m$ will be $O(1)$. This gives an upper bound proportional to $x$ times
$$
\frac{2n}{\log_2 n} + \frac{4\sqrt{n}}{\log_2 n} + \cdots \leq \frac{2n}{\log_2 n} + 4\sqrt{n} + 8n^{1/4} + \cdots + 2\log n \cdot n^{1/\log n} = \\
O(n/\log n + \sqrt{n} \log\log n) = O(n/\log n).
$$
Thus $T(n) = \Theta(xn/\log n)$.