What is the fastest algorithm for finding shortest path in undirected edge-weighted graph?
Use Dijkstra's algorithm.  It is quite efficient, and on a graph with only 300 nodes, it will run extremely fast, so fast that it's not worth worry about.

You mentioned in a comment that your main concern is that the algorithms are described for directed graphs, but you have an undirected graph.  No worries.  You can apply Dijkstra's algorithm to an undirected graph, too.  Whenever your graph has an undirected edge between vertices $u$ and $v$, think of that as equivalent to the two directed edges $u \to v$ and $v \to u$.  In this way, you can convert your undirected graph to a directed graph -- and then you can apply Dijkstra's algorithm to the result.  The same goes for any other algorithm for directed graphs; it can be applied to an undirected graph in the same way.