What does this notation means $\mathbb{F}_{2^{-}}$?
You've been confused by the placement of the "-".

It's not $\mathbb F_{2^-}$ (Latex: $\mathbb F_{2^-}$), this does not exist. What was actually meant is $\mathbb F_2$-adjective (Latex: $\mathbb F_2$-adjective), where the hyphen binds the field and the adjective (eg "linear" or "affine") to bring more specific meaning to the adjective.

Example:


  [...]with an $\mathbb F_2$-affine permutation[...]


You would have read "with a permutation that is affine in $\mathbb F_{2^-}$" as opposed to the intended meaning of "with a permutation that is affine in $\mathbb F_2$".