Period of pseudo random sequence generated from (5, 2, 0) LFSR
I believe that you're evaluating the feedback polynomial incorrectly; both in your diagram, and in the chart you have listed, it would appear that you have a feedback polynomial similar to $x^5 + x^4 + x$ (note: there are a couple of different ways to turn a feedback polynomial into an LFSR; I'm not sure which one you're intending to use).

To fix your diagram, one way to fix it is if you place the taps at $b_3$ and $b_1$ (not $b_5$ and $b_2$)