Shamir secret sharing with two types of parties
Let's say your secret is $S$. Split $S$ into 3 parts (say $S_1,S_2,S_3$) such that $S=S_1\oplus S_2\oplus S_3$.

Give each politician a copy of $S_1$, each general a copy of $S_2$, then split $S_3$ using 3-out-of-n Shamir Secret sharing.