Argon2 or scrypt instead of PBKDF2 with AES
Such quantom attacks are entirely theoretical, we are nowhere near having quantom computers brute force passwords. It is thus difficult to compare.
Argon2 might be harder to implement on quantom computers but also the others are so far from being practical it seems pointless to try and compare how these would fair against a mythical adversary. In general quantom computers can break passwords in a square root of the effort and that is true for all the mentioned algorithms. 

However there are far more practical attacks to consider, mainly using GPUs and dedicated hardware. That is where the advantages of argon2 over bcrypt or PBKDF2-SHA1 for instance come into play. Argon2 requires not only CPU but also RAM, while the others hardly use memory. This deminishes the attacker advantage of dedicated hardware or GPUs.

I stillb consider bcrypt a safe option, but assuming you have available RAM you will get a better slowdown factor against a sophisticated adversary by using argon2.