How to crack unknown 8-bit encryption algorithm?
Assuming that there are no collisions and there exists a 1 to 1 bijection between input and output, you could construct and store a table of assignments on a single round of encryption for all 256 possible bytes regardless of the key size. From there you can extend this to subsequent rounds by simply XORing the result of the previous round to the next 8 bit block, and plugging this result into your table.