Stages of Life according to Buddhism
There really isn't anything quite like ashrama in Buddhism, at least as it applies to an individual person's life. Buddhism takes a simple view that one is born, lives, and then dies, within a cycle of saṃsāra (a belief shared with Hinduism). Within the context of that life, one is either awakened or one isn't.

I think it's interesting, since Buddhism defines many other "stages" involving aspects of life (just not about life itself):


Four stages of enlightenment
Stages along the path to liberation (in Tibetan Buddhism)
Jhāna stages of meditation
Seven stages of purification
Seven stages of mind training (in Tibetan Buddhism)


Also: Happy birthday!