Looking to change from Octalink Claris to Shimano 105, will the frame be compatible with a 105 hub?
Octalink is the bottom bracket spindle interface. It's kind of muddying the waters to focus on this. If you have all Claris parts of that era, the commonly understood way of referring to it would be 2400, Claris 2400, etc. (There's a newer Claris now.)
Straightforward modern rim brake road bikes like that generally can have whatever group you want dropped in. Going to 11 will mean needing a new rear hub/wheel in most such cases. It should be fine.