Pins and needles in my fingers after long rides
Talk to a doctor

The symptoms of waking up with tingly fingers make this sound consistent with carpal tunnel syndrome to my non-doctor opinion.

Basically, as I understand it, a little bit of that now and then isn't a problem, but too much over time causes damage which can be permanent and cause some major hand problems.

There's a bundle of nerves and tendons that run through a narrow channel in your wrist. Pressure on that area, or using the tendons with the wrist in a non-neutral position can, over time cause problems. That can mean biking and typing are causing you trouble. Pressure on these nerves will tend to cause numbness and tingling in the thumb, index, middle and part of your ring finger. Vibration of the hands (such as from rough ground) could be the main problem instead of pressure.

There's also the ulnar nerve on the "pinky" side of your hand that can have the same kind of problems.  Pressure on this nerve (or stretching/hyperextension) will tend to cause numbness and tingling in the pinky finger and part of your ring finger.

Diagnosing exactly which problem you have is best done by a doctor, not the internet.

Assuming you talk to your doctor and they suggest avoiding the hand pressure your bike is causing, some things to help avoid these problems on your bike include:


Get a professional bike fitting
Don't hold the bars tightly, hold them loosely
Gloves with padding matching the pads of your palm (no pad on central channel, that will make things worse).  Sadly many gloves aren't really designed to help, so you have to know what to look for.
Some bar grips are designed to help
Changing how you ride to put less pressure on your hand (use core muscles to hold body up)
Raise handlebars and/or move them closer to you so that you have less pressure on your hands
Handlebar ends to give more hand positions
Different style handlebars (new bike with drop bars?) for more hand positions, preferably with main position not putting pressure in center of palm
Vary your hand positions more often.  If you have bars that allow multiple hand positions, use them.
Take breaks during your ride.  Even just taking your hands off the bars for a minute at a stop light could help.
There may be stretches you can do during such breaks to help
Pedal harder/faster. If you pedal hard enough, you'll find yourself pulling your body down with the handlebars instead of pressing down on your hands.
Run your tires at a lower pressure. Replace with fatter tires if necessary. This should help reduce road vibration.


Some references:


http://www.hughston.com/hha/a_15_3_2.htm
http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/carpal-tunnel/carpal-tunnel-syndrome-topic-overview
http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/carpal_tunnel/detail_carpal_tunnel.htm
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001469/
http://www.mackinacislandnews.com/news/2007-06-30/news/014.html