What is the best way to track your mileage, routes and calories burned?
There are several phone apps / web sites you can use. They all have a free mode and a premium mode. A few of them are:


Endomondo
Last time I used this (a couple of years back) it was able to give real time updates and "coaching" on your performance. It can handle many different sports and activities.
MapMyRide
I haven't used this; some other people here do use it. Hopefully they'll say why.
Strava
I currently use this one. The main "benefit" is the social aspect, if you like to see what your friends are doing, and for them to see what you do. 


I believe Endomondo and Strava do all that you say you want, and I expect that MapMyRide would do also. They all provide a data export feature.