Carbon Fibre Frame Paint Chip from Stuck chain
To literally answer your question, Yes the carbon is damaged.

Considering it's exposed and because carbon consist of many filaments bonded together, you can also say it's integrity has been affected. The degree of damage however, is not easily determined by visual only inspection.

Sealing it with epoxy is a good idea to stop any contaminants and further fiber damage, but not a good fix for integrity.

When you get to proper damage assessment, you start looking at ultrasound and x-ray and a lot of $. Carbon has the tendency to 'flare' out on the inside on the tube. Consider the impact on the outside as a force and that would transfer through and push the fibers out on the inside. This is the bit you can't see and the dangerous part of carbon damage.

If you really want to know what the condition is like, you will need to get it to a proper carbon repairer. I say proper because there are many on the market that will 'fix' it by simply repainting and clearcoating it so it looks fixed. It's pretty cheap, but you need to understand what you pay for and how much you value your face IF the repair fails.