What type of paint to use for a bike frame
Basically any paint that could be used on a car will work on a steel bike frame.

The better the paint the more robust it will be. Two-part epoxy based paints or powder coating are probably your best bets, but require specialized equipment. I think there are epoxy paints that do not require curing in an oven but you still need a spray gun. 

You can probably use aerosol can paint with a self etching primer, meticulous preparation and good technique.