Did Trunks turned Super Saiyan Rage in any chapter of the Dragon Ball Super manga?
No, the Super Saiyan Rage transformation hasn't been seen in the manga yet. In fact, I suspect the manga doesn't plan on introducing SSR at all. What's important to remember here is that the manga version of Trunks is MUCH stronger than in the anime. Specifically, when Trunks and Goku spar in the manga, ssj2 Trunks is apparently as strong as ssj3 Goku.

The relevant manga panel is page 35 of Chapter 15: