Transaction input bigger than output
Yes, the difference between the input and the output is the transaction fee, and there's no way for you to get it back once it has been mined (except for building a fork that results in a stronger chain---not likely unless you have >50% of network hash rate).

In the future, I highly recommend experimenting on testnet (bitcoind -testnet) or using regtest mode.  That way you don't lose any wealth when you make a mistake.