Transacting bitcoins while there are no Accept rules in iptables
Telnet says 'Connection failed' which means others will not be able to connect to you. Your iptables is working as it should.

You may be mistaken thinking that bitcoin is working without ACCEPT rule because you are seeing outgoing connections. Probably 8.

Your netstat shows bitcoin is LISTENing but if iptables doesn't ACCEPT then it will never see any incoming connections.

Try netstat -na | grep 8333 and you will see only outgoing connections (source address: you).

To make your bitcoin node reachable to the outside world simply add a rule to accept 8333.

Note do NOT open 9333 ! It's meant for local use only and you might lose your bitcoins if people get access to it (in fact you're better off disabling it if you're not using it).