Bitcoin core database gone after error no more free disk space? How can I recover my bitcoins?
This is not a complete answer, but the question implies a possible misunderstanding which this attempts to correct.

Summary: if you can rescue wallet.dat, you're fine.

The only valuable file in the Bitcoin Core user system is wallet.dat. The blockchain files are necessary for the application to be able to see the transactions on the blockchain that sent bitcoins to you and to figure out how many bitcoins you "own" (can spend). What is actually in wallet.dat are your private keys, which is all you need to have.

If Bitcoin Core doesn't have access to the blockchain data then it doesn't know that you have any bitcoins. Once it has access again -- after re-downloading (takes a long time!) -- on this or on another computer, you will be able to see your bitcoin balance.