Can miners be paid transaction fees even if they don't solve the current block?
Generally, the point of a mining pool is that everyone gets a portion of the mining profit (in proportion to how much hash power they contribute relative to everyone else) regardless of whether their own miner found the correct block or not. 

This is so that small miners can make a more consistent and predictable revenue. If they mined by themselves, their chance of finding a block is very low, resulting in an unpredictable revenue stream where the vast majority of the time they would make no revenue.