Recover Bitcoin From Transaction ID
All of the information in the screenshot is publicly available.
And no, they won't be useful for recovering your Bitcoin.
If you used Electrum, you either need the wallet, the recovery phrase(seeds) or the private key(s) to recover you Bitcoins. Note that when you first create your wallet, you are instructed to write down the seed (12 or 13 dictionary words), so if you followed the instructions and still have the seed you can recover the wallet.