How do I figure out the balance of an individual address on Bitcoin for Android?
You are trying to use addresses for accounting, but they aren't designed for that.

What you actually want is the accounts feature of bitcoind, though I doubt any mobile wallet implements such a thing.

If you say explicitly why do you think you need to do that, someone might have an answer. Meanwhile, just use the whole balance, and create a new address for each incoming payment, without worrying about specific address balances.