Does using different addresses affect subsequent transaction size, given the same number of inputs?
Transaction inputs need to reference the Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO) they are spending with the outpoint of that UTXO. The outpoint is the transaction id of the transaction that created the transaction output concatenated with a colon and the output position in that transaction: txid:vout.

Let's say you were sent 1 BTC by P1 to address x1 in transaction uiaex and it was the second output (vout = 1 because we start counting at 0), the corresponding outpoint would be uiaex:1.

The UTXO reference therefore is independent of the address that the funds were sent to previously.

The transaction size is therefore the same whether you received all outputs to the same address or different addresses. There are no savings in transaction size by receiving funds to the same address multiple times.