Why is the formation of an enzyme-substrate complex endergonic (induced fit model)?
Most reactions require an activation energy to cross an energy barrier (this you may already know) after which the reaction is downhill. Even though enzyme catalysed reactions have a relatively lower activation energy compared to that of an uncatalysed reaction, there is still a transition state that has a higher free energy compared to the products. This transition state corresponds to the enzyme-substrate complex. 


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  &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Image Source: https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Structural_Biochemistry/Enzyme/Activation_energy


Free energy has enthalpic and entropic components (ΔG=ΔH-TΔS). Even though formation of bonds may reduce the enthalpy, the locking of the substrate and enzyme in a conformation also decreases the entropy. This could lead to overall increase in free energy (See here. For more details you can refer to this book- The Enzymes: Mechanisms of Catalysis by Paul Sigman. ISBN: 0121227200).