Difference in length of Okazaki fragments
I have found one more possible reason from Bruce Alberts' The Molecular Biology of the Cell: (Ch. 5 page 254)


  Nucleosomes are spaced at intervals of about 200 nucleotides pairs along the DNA strand , which may explain why new Okazaki fragments are synthesized on the lagging strand at intervals of 100-200 nucleotides in eukaryotes, instead of 1000-2000 nucleotides as in bacteria. 


As already discussed by me and @SatwikPasani in the comments, increasing telomere longevity in eukaryotes by reducing the length of okazaki fragments, and consequently reducing the part of telomere cut-off after every division might be another reason for having shorter fragments in eukaryotes as compared to prokaryotes which do not contain telomeres.

EDIT : Having thought over it again, the relation between Okazaki fragment length and telomeres do not seem logical as only RNA primer length is important when considering telomere length.



Balakrishnan and Bambara (2013) explain the regulation of (and differences between) prokaryotic and eukaryotic Okazaki fragments in detail.