clades on a tree - biopython
You could decide to just insert the new clade next to some "closest" one ("closest" being defined in a clever way that remains to be devised), but it is possible that the result will be different from what you would obtain by reconstructing the phylogeny from scratch. The reason is that the information that the character combination in the new clade brings may alter the relationships between the other groups present in the data in a newly optimized phylogeny.

An example of application is that one typically wants to add more taxa in a phylogeny in oder to prevent long branch attraction.

As an aside remark: When one speaks of a "clade", one usually thinks of a bunch of terminal taxa (leafs of the tree): do you want to insert an whole bunch of taxa forming a monophyletic group, whose internal topology is already known, or just one terminal taxon?