How much oxygen does a brain consume?
As has been commented, the answers to some of the questions here can be found in the literature. The nutrients and oxygen reach all tissues by the circulatory system — i.e. in the blood. And the link supplied by @trondhansen suggests a litre of oxygen a day. (I wouldn’t know — I never studied physiology.) However, as regards energy, I supply the following from the biochemistry text, Berg et al.

Brain. Glucose is virtually the sole fuel for the human brain, except during prolonged starvation. The brain lacks fuel stores and hence requires a continuous supply of glucose. It consumes about 120 g daily, which corresponds to an energy input of about 420 kcal (1760 kJ), accounting for some 60% of the utilization of glucose by the whole body in the resting state.

Note the correct form of expression:

the brain  / consumes fuel / to generate energy / to perform ‘work’

Glucose is the fuel, ATP is the chemical energy currency, and the work performed (as the text makes clear) is for the main (60%–70%) to:

maintain the sodium/potassium ion membrane potential required for the transmission of the nerve impulses.

(I am afraid that’s about as layman’s terms as I do. It does say on the label that this site is for students of biology.)