Value of r (intrinsic rate of natural increase)
NCERT shows per capita value is divided by 1000, not hundred (%). So the data you see is 22.50 per thousand! So, the per capita rate is 22.50/1000 = 0.02250 that is almost equal to 0.0205 given in book!

To make you understand better, remember that GDP and per capita GDP is different, the same way birth rate or death rate is calculated per 1000 but when we ask per capita we have to actually divide it by 1000.

Now in 2016 , it is 0.01019 i.e. 0.0102 

I hope you understand!!