Why did Fair Meiosis evolve?
I think that Fair meiosis (I assume that you are referring to that chromosomes have an equal chance of transmission) can be seen as a byproduct of recombination at meiosis, which makes every chromosome a mosaic of maternal and paternal chromosomes. Therefore, selection does not act on chromosomes as a single unit, and "unfair" meiosis becomes meaningless. The "value" of "fair meiosis" most likely lies in the adaptive value of recombination.

Addition: To expand on the value of recombination, it has been suggested that the specific value of recombination is to break up linkages and thereby prevent meiotic drive (Haig &amp; Grafen 1991, also see Okasha 2006). Haig &amp; Grafen 1991 also specifically discuss selection for recombination. For an interesting analogy between economy and fair meiosis (veil-of-ignorance vs fair meiosis) see Okasha. 2012. Okasha notes that:


  In both, randomization is used to deprive self-interested agents (genes and individuals) of information about their identity, forcing them to adopt an impartial perspective.


In summary he also writes that:


  A gene that distorts segregation in its favour can spread despite reducing its host’s
  fitness. This harms genes at unlinked loci, who are thus under selection to
  restore fair meiosis if they can. One effect of fair meiosis is to equalize the
  interests of all the genes, thus ensuring they work for the common good.
  One way of achieving this is to destroy linkage, given that segregation
  distortion typically involves linked genes working in concert.


Okasha's paper also has a nice and accessible description of the biological process, and of the selective forces that are operating to counterbalance meiotic drive/segregation disorders.