If a human is stranded with beer but no water, should they drink it?
There is quite a lot of misunderstanding about alcohol (and caffeine) as a diuretic. It's not nearly as cut and dry as you're presenting.

There is no answer to your question. Sodium and water are very tightly regulated, and a lot has to go wrong before they fail. If alcohol could easily derail water regulation, there would be far, far fewer alcoholics in the world.

Alcohol is primarily a toxin, not primarily a diuretic. The diuretic effect of alcohol depends partly on your hydration status. If you're fully hydrated, you'll produce slightly more urine on drinking an alcoholic (>2%) beverage than when you drink water. If you're dehydrated, your body will conserve the water more. The more alcohol in the drink, the less value it has as a rehydrating solution.

You won't find good studies because it's not a scenario truly worth studying. The toxic effects of alcohol are already known and bad enough. It would be unkind to conduct a study where higher concentrations of alcohol were the sole fluid available and length of survival on animals, let alone humans.

N.B. There have been lots of studies with acute alcohol intoxication and diuresis because that is a scenario that occurs, and which can be mitigated.

Effects of a moderate intake of beer on markers of hydration after exercise in the heat: a crossover study
Hydration Status and the Diuretic Action of a Small Dose of Alcohol