History: Building a "Phylogenetic network" of famous evolutionary biologists
Maybe not exactly what you are searching for, but you should look at the evolutionary biology version of Academic tree. This provides family-tree type relationships between researchers, but mostly (only?) of supervisor-student relationships.

As an example, the tree for Joe Felsenstein includes links to e.g. Dobzhansky, Lewontin and Sewell Wright. You should be able to find much of the information you are looking for at this site.

Here is a small cutout of Joe Felsenstein's tree, just as an example: