New earliest life found, what are the implications?
Not a lot, the sample is not conclusively biotic in origin nor is it necessarily much older than known fossils, 3.7 billion vs 3.5 billion. The sample is a few simple hematite filaments, complex hematite filaments do form as a byproduct of oxygen using (aerobic) bacteria, they can also be formed by metamorphic processes. Subscribing these filaments to life and proposing oxygen must have been present far earlier than any evidence supports based on this is wishful thinking at best.  

If it were correctly identified and as old as possible it would have only a small effect, it would make finding life on other planets more likely becasue it would mean life forms basically as soon as you have persistent liquid water. It might indicate oxygen earlier than suspected but that seems unlikely.