Neuronal Architecture of the Brain
The recurrent patterns of connections in a network are known as network motifs.

You can check this paper out. They have identified common network motifs in different types of real networks including neural networks (of C.elegans though). 

Apart from feed forward loops, bi-fan is also a common network motif in neural networks.

Perhaps the connectome project has data for human brain which you can analyze for identifying network motifs. You would have to request for the data, though.