Can you vaccinate against bacterial diseases? Are there existing vaccines for such diseases?
Of course we can - and do - vaccinate against bacterial diseases, as these are some of the dangerous infectious diseases.
Among these are:


Tetanus (although here the vaccination is targeted against the toxin, not the bacterium itself)
Tuberculosis
Diphtheria 
Pertussis 
Haemophilus influenzae type B
Cholera 
Typhoid 
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Meningococcus: against the strains ACWY, B


A list of the vaccines against bacterial diseases can be found here.