Source for 'EVERY living organism uses ATP as energy carrier', and can we make a synthetic one that doesn't?
Well your request for a source is rather like asking who first reported that 2+2=4. Not quite, but that should give the idea to someone who has not studied biochemistry. I doubt that you will find a source, but the following from Jacques Monod — the Nobel laureate — is worth quoting:


  “Anything found to be true of E. coli must also be true of elephants.”


In fact, this turns out not to be true for anything, but it is true of the role of ATP.

The better question, I think, is not what the source of such a quotation is, but what is the evidence for such an opinion. The evidence that has accumulated over the last 80 years or so is from examining the metabolic pathways present in different organisms, and, more recently, sequencing their genomes to identify the genes for various enzymes. What has been observed is a core of common pathways, involving a core mechanism of energy metabolism involving ATP. This is consistent with the idea that this arose early in evolution and was fixed in the last common ancestor of living things.

If you want a more recent source to the ideas above, I suggest another SE Biology question, Immortal genes common to all organisms, may provide a starting point.