Is the SRY gene the sole responsible of biological male sex?
To my knowledge, the SRY gene is the only gene that cause variance in sex determination in humans. Of course, many genes are then involved in sex determination cascade but none these genes have variance in humans. Because environmental variance has no impact on gene determination in humans (to my knowledge and despite a few highly criticized articles) and therefore, nothing else than the SRY gene explains the sex determination.

The genes that are involved in the cascade of sex determination are not necessarily on the sexual chromosomes. On the Y chromosome, there are some genes that are male beneficial (beneficial for the male function) but these genes are not involved in the sex determining system.

In all species, the sex is determined by the environment and/or the genes. The best way to look at it is by reaction norms. On the below picture, think of the x-axis as being the temperature. Then, if you ask the question "Does the temperature influence the probability to develop into one sex or another?" One should answer. "It depends on the range of temperature you're looking at!" If you look at only very high temperature (far right) or very low temperature (far left), only the genotype explains the sex determination. If you look at mid-range of temperature, then both the genotype and the environment determines the sex.



N. Perrin and L. Beukeboom are writing what is probably going to be a very good book that will obviously interest you. I think the book is going to be publish in 2014 only. Here is the amazon link to pre-command it.