Does evolution produce organisms perfectly adapted to their environment?
You should most definitely have a look at a very introductory course to evolutionary biology such as evo101 for example.


  Does evolution produce organisms perfectly adapted to their environment?


There is a lot to say about this question. The question is very broad and cannot be fully answered in a single post. The very very short answer is "no". I will very briefly develop this "no" below. 

Concept of perfection

There are semantic (and hence philosophical) issues of the concept of perfection in this question but I shall not go into these issues. Typically, in the fact of sexual selection (and other arms race), the concept of "perfection" becomes very unclear (see S Pr's answer).

There is variation in populations

Evolution is all about genetic variance in populations. The fact that variance exists makes that necessarily there is no notion of perfectly adapted for a population (or for a species) as not all individuals are the same!

"Drivers" of evolution

Evolution is a change in allele frequency over time. There are a number of drivers of such changes, including natural selection, genetic drift and mutations.

While natural selection is a deterministic process, genetic drift and mutations aren't. There is hence constantly departure from a "hypothetical perfect" caused by genetic drift and mutations.

Mutations, while being a "random process" (see Are mutations random?), most mutations are deleterious, hence constantly inputting "imperfection" into populations.