How large an expression boost is typical from codon optimization?
I think that there is a problem with how well current codon optimization algorithms actually &quot;optimize&quot; protein expression. I am not aware of any algorithms that work beyond a heuristic level and so for an arbitrary protein, one cannot predict the expression boost that optimization will provide - sometimes yield is significantly decreased. This review covers some of the complexities of optimization really nicely https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2020.09.014.