What are two different continuous-time signals when sampled at $10\textrm{ Hz}$ would produce the sequence $x(n)=\cos(n\pi/8)$?
Considering the aliasing, here's the simple derivation: Given a cosine-signal $x(t)$ by

$$x(t)=\cos(2\pi f t)$$

which we sample with sampling frequency $F$, i.e. $t=n/F$, we get

$$x[n]=\cos(2\pi f/F n)$$

and if we now factor $f=kF+f_0$ with $k\in\mathbb{N}$ you'll see that

$$x[n]=\cos(2\pi (kF+f_0)/F n)=\cos(2\pi f_0/F n)$$

For an illustration of aliasing, you can have a look at one of my articles on aliasing.

So, cosines that are an integer multiple apart in frequency, yield the same sampled signal. 

Now, to have 

$$cos(2\pi f_0/F n)=\cos(\pi n/8)$$

You need $2\pi f_0/F = \pi/8$ and hence $f_0 = F/16$. Hence, your proposed solutions are not correct in my opinion, because $1250\pi t=2\pi 625=2\pi(62*F+5)$.