Genetic or evolutionary algorithms for filter design?
Application of a breeder genetic algorithm for system identification in an adaptive finite impulse response filter: Used a GA to determine the parameters of an adaptive FIR.

Optimizing the design of IIR filter via genetic algorithm: Used a GA to determine the parameters for an IIR based on $H_2$ and $H_{\infty}$ criteria.

A genetic algorithm for optimisation of linear phase FIR filter coefficients: (from the abstract) "The algorithm generates a population of genomes that represents the filter coefficients and compares the amplitude response of each genome to that of the desired amplitude response."

Based on this, it seems like it was a popular way to generate the coefficients for filters in the late 90's early 2000's, but there doesn't seem to be a lot of recent activity on it in the IEEE pubs.