Properties of a Kalman filter of a non controllable system
In this setting you are considering an observation problem. Controllability does not play a role. In geenral, the condition under which you can obtain a convergent estimate is that the couple $(A,C)$ is detectable, i.e. that you can design a gain matrix $L$ so that $A+LC$ is Hurwitz. Under this hypothesis the eigenvalues of $A+LC$ will be with negative real-part and they are assigned in a optimal way, in the kalman sense.
The kalman gains depend on $C$, therefore as you vary $C$ you should vary the gains accordingly to obtain optimality