What is the real meaning of "frequency" for a non periodic signal?
There are two (among many other) ways of looking at frequency of periodic signals. One is how often a periodic signal repeats the same waveform. For example, a square wave which is 1 for 0.5 second and -1 for 0.5 second (and repeats) can be viewed as a waveform that repeats the same pattern every second. In that sense, it has a frequency of 1 cycle/second. The second way of looking at frequency is in terms of sinusoidal waves. According to Fourier series, many periodic signals can be expressed as a sum of infinite number of sine/cosine waves (called harmonics) . In that sense, the same square wave is expressed a sum of infinite sinusoidal waves, with frequencies 1Hz, 2Hz, 3Hz, ... 

Frequency of non periodic signals cannot be expressed in either of the above mentioned ways. However, there is a way to split certain aperiodic signals into infinite sinusoidal signals using a technique called Fourier transform (which is similar to Fourier series mentioned above). Using that technique, an aperiodic signal can be represented using a continuous band of frequencies. Some signals can be represented using a finite band of frequencies (called its bandwidth). For example, some special aperiodic signal may be represented by a frequency band of 5-13Hz (whose bandwidth is 13-5 = 8Hz). Some other aperiodic signals may need infinite bandwidth to completely represent them. 

Many signals may not have a way to represent either in terms of fourier series or fourier transform. It is difficult to talk about frequency for such signals.