Advise on detecting anatomical landmarks in a CT reconstructed volume
I hesitate to write this as an answer, but given that you're asking only for advice, I will do so.

I suggest investigating techniques based on the Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform (DTCWT). These have shown to be useful for generating descriptors that have good tolerance to shift, scale and rotation of the source images. It's not the classic problem in that you're not allowing the points to be assigned for you, but I suspect with some thought you can adapt the techniques to predefined landmarks.

Clearly, the landmarks have some interest from the perspective of a clinician, so there is something of interest about them - it's simply a case of modelling that in the descriptor. Wavelet techniques (in particular the DTCWT) tend to be good at modelling features that the eye picks up on.

A starting point would probably be this fairly recent paper.