Getting introduced to signal processing for remote sensing
@AndrewP. You have a long road ahead you. But the road is well lit and the rewards will are greater and greater as you travel along. You need to learn digital signal processing (DSP). May I humbly suggest you buy the two books "The Scientist &amp; Engineer's Guide to Digital Signal Processing"

http://www.amazon.com/Scientist-Engineers-Digital-Signal-Processing/dp/0966017633/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1438652461&amp;sr=8-2&amp;keywords=scientist%27s+guide+signal+smith

and "Understanding Digital Signal Processing."

http://www.amazon.com/Understanding-Digital-Signal-Processing-3rd/dp/0137027419/ref=ntt_at_ep_dpi_1

They're widely considered to be the best ways to learn DSP for beginners. Do NOT sign up for any free Internet online DSP courses!  They will only discourage you at this point in your learning. You'll need to obtain either (1) a 'Student' version of Matlab software or (2) Octave software so you can experiment with DSP on your computer. Do not take any math classes at this point--you can learn selected mathematical topics as necessary as you travel your long road. Andrew if you have enough energy and enthusiasm, to quote Susan B. Anthony, "Failure is impossible."