Super resolution methods
You'll need to describe the density ("kernel") with which light from different angles contributes to each (physical) pixel's amplitude. Expect something rather gaussian.

Now, shift that kernel by 0.2 pixel width, repeat. You'll find a Max-Likelihod estimator for the high-density picture simply by finding a system of equations that describe how much the values of the 5 pixel positions whose densities overlap that position contribute.

If you want a very intuitive first approach, look for the kdeplot tool of the python seaborn library. The website has a nice gallery.