Inverting a sampled system
Can't be done.  Next question?
First, the author does not define $x[n]$.  Let's assume, then, that $x[n] = x(nT_s)$, where $T_s$ is the sampling interval; i.e. $f_s = 1/T_s$.
So assume that $x_1(t) = x_1[n]\ \delta \left(t - \left(n + \epsilon\right) T_s \right)$, where $\epsilon$ is any number where $0 &lt; |\epsilon| &lt; 1$, and $x_2(t) = x_2[n] \left( u \left(t - T_s \left(n - \frac{1}{2}\right) \right) - u \left(t - T_s \left(n + \frac{1}{2}\right) \right)\right)$.
Basically, $x_1(t)$ is a string of Dirac delta functionals that do not land on $t = n T_s$, where $x_2(t)$ is a string of rectangular pulses (or a &quot;stair-step wave&quot;) where the changes don't land on $t = n T_s$.  I contend without proof* that for any given signal $b[n]$, both an $x_1[n]$ and an $x_2[n]$ could be found that would cause the system to generate $b[n]$.  These $x_1[n]$ and $x_2[n]$ would have the following properties:

In general, $x_1[n] \ne x_2[n]$.
In the case where $x(t) = x_1(t)$, $x[n] = x(nT_s)$ would be zero for all $n$
In the case where $x(t) = x_2(t)$ (if I've dotted my 'i's and crossed my 't's right), $x[n] = x(nT_s) = x_2[n]$ would be true for all $n$.

Since you can have more than one version of $x(t)$ that leads to the same $b[n]$, there is no inverse.  You can define some constraints on the form of $x(t)$ that depend on some $x[n]$, as I did above, and if you do it properly you can then find an inverse system from $b[n]$ to $x[n]$ -- but because the sampling process loses information, you can never reconstruct some generic $x(t)$.
It could be that the author was just implicitly thinking (or stated explicitly, and you missed it), that $x(t)$ was constrained to be bandlimited to $f_s/2$ (i.e., the Nyquist criteria).  If that's the case, and if the relationship between $x(t)$ and $x[n]$ were defined then you could invert the system.
* Proof is left an an exercise for the reader, heh heh heh.