Asking good questions in lab courses
I can tell you how I've been seeing this handled at the K-12 level.  (I don't know if this is a good way to do it at that level or at the college level.)

A math problem is posed.  Then the narrator outlines how a fictitious student, e.g. Marisol, reasoned.  Often, this reasoning is flawed.  Then the student is asked to evaluate Marisol's reasoning.