Anxiety and depression about the future of my PhD study
My advice would be to find another advisor, maybe even a different university. If you are just at the beginning, then it is a good time to move. 

There is very little worse than an unsupportive advisor. 

But if you think it is possible to move, look among the faculty for one or two people who believe in you and can support and application elsewhere. With good support it may be possible to move even if you need to take the qualifiers and do poorly. Your advisor is probably not the one to help you. 

Even at the same institution it may be possible to reset the clock on your exams if you move to a different advisor. Sometimes the department head can help and sometimes you just work through a more compatible faculty member. 

But continuing on doesn't seem like it is going to be easy, maybe not even possible. Look to your options. 

One good thing that has come out of it is that you have learned to read and understand the literature. That is an important and useful skill. 

However, if you are overly stressed and seriously depressed, you should seek medical advice, and learn about stress reduction activities.