"Full" versions versus "Preliminary" version of result/paper. Are they considered different?
I don't think this question has a universal or near-universal answer.  Different people, or even sometimes the same person in different contexts, will count differently if they need to count at all.

More generally, I don't think anyone actually makes decisions based on raw counts of papers, though plenty of people try to justify their decisions to others based on raw counts.

Two versions of the same paper count as two if the person doing the counting wants to make you look better and count as one if the person doing the counting wants to make you look worse.