Is it useful for a student trying to get an undergraduate research position to have a personal website?
As just going through a round of interviews for hiring students to a research lab, I would say it is beneficial for you to have a website, on the condition that it is informative of your work.  Out of your list, the only one that I would view as beneficial is a portfolio.  Without the portfolio section, I would say it is not beneficial.

When people apply to my lab, they send their CV.  This usually includes some bullet points of work, school, extra curricular, etc.  The hardest part to extract from a CV is the type of work or actual capabilities of a student.  When receiving multiple applications, the ones that had a website were taken positively.   I was able to see not just the bullet points, but what type of work the student has previously done (Just be careful to be honest and full disclosure, if it was a group project, specify your role). 

On the other hand, if your website gives no extra information than the CV, I would be a bit annoyed if I was directed to the website only to learn nothing more about the applicant.