Best way to respond to a request for CV
Well... there are lot of important variables not mentioned, but this is how I will generally draft it:

Dear Madam Give-me-a-job,
It was great talking to you after your talk on Jan 17th, 2014 at
My-Little-Institute. I found your experience and nature of your job
fascinating. In our conversation about pursuing a career in
Whatever-you-are-working-in, you were so kind to offer giving comments
to my CV. And if you don't mind, I would love to take up your
generous offer.
Attached please find my CV. I would love to follow up with you in two
weeks and set up a phone conversation to discuss how I can strengthen
my profile so that I can be a more competitive candidate in this job
market. Thank you very much for your time, and I look forward to your invaluable critiques and suggestions.
Sincerely yours,
Penguin Knight

My approach:

Don't treat it like a lead to a job. She might just say that to be nice. If I come off too pushy, I may not even get a chance listening to her comments. For that reason, I will not attach a cover letter that details my experience, research interest, and why I am suitable for the position. There isn't even a job, a catch-all cover letter is difficult to write and hard to be made impressive.
Ask for follow up and act on it. A lot of the &quot;send me your CV&quot; didn't get follow up because the candidate really just &quot;sent the CV&quot; and that's the end of it. I specifically tweaked it as wanting advices from her, making it easier for both parties to engage in another conversation.
No need to worry about &quot;what if she really just gives me comments?&quot; She probably knows and remembers. If my CV is really good, she will mention the availability of openings. If there isn't or I am not good enough, then I can use this chance to flush out weaknesses and improve them.