What are the inputs and weights for US News grad program ranking?
The US News ranking algorithm is proprietary. They don't say what it is.
A few years ago some Reed College students attempted to reverse engineer the undergraduate program rankings.
See
https://www.reed.edu/reed-magazine/articles/2019/usnews-discrepancy.html
https://www.insidehighered.com/admissions/article/2019/07/29/reed-students-challenge-us-news-formula