Compiling ethical standards for coauthorship across academic fields and regions
This is excerpted from the Ethical Guidelines of the American Mathematical Society:


  I. MATHEMATICAL RESEARCH AND ITS PRESENTATION
  
  The public reputation for honesty and integrity of the mathematical
  community and of the Society is its collective treasure and its
  publication record is its legacy.
  
  The knowing presentation of another person's mathematical discovery as
  one's own constitutes plagiarism and is a serious violation of
  professional ethics. Plagiarism may occur for any type of work,
  whether written or oral and whether published or not.
  
  The correct attribution of mathematical results is essential, both
  because it encourages creativity, by benefiting the creator whose
  career may depend on the recognition of the work and because it
  informs the community of when, where, and sometimes how original ideas
  entered into the chain of mathematical thought. To that end,
  mathematicians have certain responsibilities, which include the
  following:
  
  To endeavor to be knowledgeable in their field, especially about work
  related to their research;
  
  To give appropriate credit, even to unpublished materials and
  announced results (because the knowledge that something is true or
  false is valuable, however it is obtained);
        To publish full details of results that are announced without unreasonable delay, because claiming a result in advance of its having
  been achieved with reasonable certainty injures the community by
  restraining those working toward the same goal;
  
  To use no language that suppresses or improperly detracts from the
  work of others;
  
  To correct in a timely way or to withdraw work that is erroneous.
  
  A claim of independence may not be based on ignorance of widely
  disseminated results. On appropriate occasions, it may be desirable to
  offer or accept joint authorship when independent researchers find
  that they have produced identical results. All the authors listed
  for a paper, however, must have made a significant contribution to its
  content, and all who have made such a contribution must be offered the
  opportunity to be listed as an author. Because the free exchange of
  ideas necessary to promote research is possible only when every
  individual's contribution is properly recognized, the Society will not
  knowingly publish anything that violates this principle, and it will
  seek to expose egregious violations anywhere in the mathematical
  community.


[Emphasis added.]