Is there a way to edit author name after publication for trans people (at least online)?
I know of one theorist who did the following:


She edited her preprints to use her correct name. In the new preprints she adds a header with the reference to the published version (in the APA style, which is common in her field and also only uses initials of first names).
Posted them to the relevant preprint service (PsyArXiv, in her case). PsyArXiv has fields for two DOIs: a "preprint DOI" and a "peer-reviewed publication DOI". The latter points to the older published version.
She now encourages other researchers to cite her using those preprints and their associated preprint-DOI.