Should I follow-up with the editor about formatting issues on a published article?
It sounds like these issues are purely cosmetic and don't significantly affect the paper's content nor its readability.  I would just leave it alone.  I think you do risk being seen as picky or annoying if you make an issue of something this minor.  Yes, it's not ideal, but life's not perfect.

If you're able to post a version of the paper to your website or a preprint server, you could certainly fix the formatting in that version.  Depending on the culture in your field, it may be that most people will be reading that version instead of the "official" version anyway.

(It's also possible that you'll still receive proofs and be able to correct them at some point in the future.  I have experienced cases where the publisher will post a preliminary version of the article before the author has corrected the proofs, and update it later after corrections are made.)