My supervisor does not want to publish my research
If you are the sole author of a work then you can publish it. However, if your supervisor needs to be listed as a co-author for contributing content, not just custom or courtesy, then he can block it as any co-author can. 

On the other hand, even if he must be co-author on a joint work, you can probably write an independent paper and publish it without any "permission." This would only be false if you have signed some agreement with the professor or the university to yield rights to them. That would be unusual for dissertations, but you would be aware of it if it bound you, I think. 

Note that the ideas that you develop in your studies are free to be used. It sounds like your supervisor is trying to "own" ideas. Other than patent, that isn't allowed in the laws of most places. You might also seek guidance from the research office of your university. They will know whether you are bound or not, though they may lean in the direction of the university. 

If you try to publish and he then interferes it will be the time to escalate the issue. 

But if your work depends on the work of others you have to consider their rights as well. Normally properly citing that work is enough. Contracts can be limiting of course.