Is it appropriate to ask my supervisor about publication of future results now?
It's actually a very smart idea to talk with your advisor about publications as early as is reasonable: that is, once you think you have a handle on what the papers will be about, you should initiate the discussion. By starting the discussion early—before you begin writing the manuscript—you can begin to deal with some of the important questions associated with writing and publishing: 


What is the main messages and results of the paper?
To what journal will I send the manuscript?
What form will the manuscript take?
Who will be authors and co-authors?


The longer you put off this discussion, the greater the probability that problems that could have been easily averted earlier will persist.