What counts as Research Experience?
Everything you have named count as research experience and are good enough for applications in graduate programs. At the moment your master thesis is the most important proof/measure of your research experience.

The main goal of a phd program is to train you to be an autonomous researcher. With that in mind, they are not expecting you to have worked as a researcher outside the university before achieving a Ph.D degree. There are students with some luck that are able to publish an article before the phd, but that is not common.