Can I recover after a really bad first year?
If you do really well from now onwards, then a couple of poor years can be overlooked, for instance if you are going to apply for PhD studies. 

Also, it seems that the problem is not necessarily ADHD or Aspergers; it seems to be taking on too many different activities. So prioritising your time and commitments during your degree studies seems to be the solution to the problem and then working very hard, not getting the record wiped.