Repeated demand for citing a certain paper in the referee report
Apart from the editors, should there be a way to control this excessive use of the refereeing power?


Straight-forward answer: no. This is what an editor should check for. If (s)he does not care or does not agree with you, your only option is to go for a different journal, with consequently a different editor.

I should also add that, in my experience, few reviewers request their papers to be added willy-nilly. If this reviewer thinks her or his work is missing, you should at least do a thorough check of why (s)he would think so, and then accurately report in your response letter. It seems unsurprising to me that your paper was rejected if your response to "important related work from XYZ is missing" was "we did some high-level searching and it seemed kinda unrelated, so we skipped it". I as an editor would also consider this at least a substantial nudge into "reject" territory.