A very complicated F1 visa administrative processing issue... What are my chances if I reapply?
Visa questions are best asked in expatriates.se but here's an abbreviated answer. 

Visa application voluntary withdrawals are normally without prejudice towards future applications, however you showed a great deal of emotional immaturity in writing the letter the way you did.  This might have been noted in your file. 

The only way you can know is to try again. Note that trying to game the system by applying from another country may actually result in greater scrutiny of your file than if you simply reapplied from your home country. 

Returning to questions of academia. If I was your future advisor, I would certainly consider this a negative indication of your maturity and readiness to engage in a PhD program.