Non-academic positions after PhD in computer science
There is a large and active demand for computer science Ph.D. holds outside of academia. Some of the main classes of positions:


Contract R&amp;D organizations like IHMC (near you in Florida) or my own employer, work a lot like soft-money academia.
Government laboratories are much the same, though the money works differently.
Government agencies need Ph.D.-level people to help manage their R&amp;D portfolios, either directly as program managers or via private-sector contractors like Booz-Allen.
Giant companies like Lockheed-Martin, Pfizer, or Ford have high-tech or internal R&amp;D sections that do Ph.D.-level computer science work.
Near any major tech university, you will find lots of startup companies and  consulting firms and other odd niches.
Finance companies and hedge funds will offer you lots of money in exchange for your immortal soul.


These are just a few of the more typical routes: the research ecosystem in the US is actually very complex and has a lot of strange niches; I don't have solid numbers, but I suspect the outside-of-academia R&amp;D world is actually much larger than traditional academia, and that's even before we start counting non-R&amp;D positions like hedge funds.

Some of these sorts of jobs, you can find via ordinary online job listings.  You'll likely do a lot better, though, if you reach out through your professional network and research community.  Your advisor and other faculty are one good place to start: they'll likely have former students and other colleagues to put you in touch with outside of academia.  Another good step is to go to the big conferences in your area, especially those with a more applied flavor, and look for the industry people there.  You'll likely find quite a number of good opportunities, especially if you are a US citizen.