Some self-sufficient Chinese phrases. Help me?
Here you go. Kudos to @S.Rhee and @nacho.

1) How do I say this word in Chinese?

这  个  词 怎  么  念? 
zhe ge ci zen me nian?


2) How do I say this phrase in Chinese?

这  话   用   汉  语  怎  么  说？ 
zhe hua yong han yu zen me shuo?


3) What is the most standard way to say X in Chinese?

用    最  标   准   的 普  通   话  怎  么  说   X？ 
yong zui biao zun de pu tong hua zen me shuo X? 


4) verb, 动词 (dong ci)

noun, 名词 (ming ci)

adjective. 形容词 (xing rong ci)

Is word X an adjective?

X 是  形    容   词  吗？
X shi xing rong ci ma?


5) If I say something unusual or pronounce something unusually, can you do me a favor and correct me?

如果  我  用词    不当    或   发音   异常，    你 帮    我  改正      一下    好吗？
ruguo wo yongci budang  huo fayin yichang, ni bang  wo gaizheng  yixia  haoma?


6) Since I am trying to learn Chinese, can you give me some useful phrases to say in Chinese everyday?

因为    我   想      学习    中文，     您   讲      给   我  一些   日常用语      好吗?
yinwei  wo  xiang   xuexi  zhongwen  nin  jiang  gei  wo yixie  richangyongyu haoma?


7)How do I use Chinese to say X? 

用    汉语   怎么   说   X？
yong hanyu  zenme shuo X?


Can you provide me an example sentence? 

请    给  我  说   个  例句  好吗？
qing gei wo shuo ge liju haoma?


Can you use the word in a sentence?

请   用    这 词  造  个 句  好吗?
qing yong ze ci zao ge ju haoma?