Is there a generic way to say "weekday" without the concept of "work/business/school day"?
In fact we usually say 平日 as weekday, but more frequent we just say 周一到周五. Maybe it is because we just distinguish weekend is 周末,and every weekday is regarded as a normal day.

During the holiday, children usually have no sense of days(LOL,at least me), so they just know today is 周几,like 周一 or 周五.

I'm new here, hope my answer can help you.