Database of Chinese translations of given names?
the national academy fro educational research (國家教育研究院) of taiwan, maintained the bilingual data, several of these database are name related, and all of them are free to download 

學術名詞下載



entries started with “外國學者人名譯名” are your targets :) ranged from turkish, japanese, korean to italian and german.

if you want a shortcut, why foreign names was transliterated to particular chinese names, read the “?漢譯音參考表”, “?” is the original language. eg:

新1081017英漢譯音參考表20191017.pdf

德漢譯音參考表(170516修正).doc

have fun :)