Ingredients of zongzi
First of all, why are there two lists of ingredient on each pack? 


I have no clue. It doesn't make sense if there is only 1 zongzi in each pack. 


  
  What is that 食品植物油? More precisely, what does that "shípǐn" add to the vegetable oil?
  


It should be 食用 (edible).


  
  What is 焦糖色? "jiàotáng" would be "caramel", but "sè"?
  


色 means color/pigment/dye. 酿造酱油（含焦糖色）can be interpreted as 'fermented soy sauce (caramel-colored)'.


  
  What is the difference between 味精 and 谷氨酸钠? In particular, it seems like wèijīng is not actually "monosodium glutamate" but some kind of more general term.
  


MSG is the main ingredient for 味精 but not necessarily the only ingredient.


  
  What is 红绕? Is it a toponym?
  


It should be 红烧 (red-braised).


  
  Why is 排骨 translated to "pork ribs" if it means only "ribs"? And does this mean there are actually bones in the dumplings or just the meat off the ribs?
  


In Chinese the 'default' meat is pork. Most 'body part' words like 排骨 (ribs), 肘子 (elbow), 口条 (tongue) refer to those of pork if the type of meat is not explicitly called out. In the detail ingredient list, however, you can see 猪排骨 is used for clarity.

From the description alone it is unclear whether the bones are excluded. Usually it is stated more clearly, something like 猪排骨肉 (meat from pork ribs) or 猪排骨(去骨) (pork ribs(without bones)).


  
  What are 食用香科?
  


It should be 食用香料 (edible flavors).


  
  What does 调科 mean? Does it exist on its own or is it just some food name together with 红绕, i.e. 红绕调科 is some food often shortened to just 红绕?
  


It should be 调料 (seasoning/condiment).


  
  What does 抽提物 mean?
  


Extract/essence.


  
  What are 香辛科?
  


It should be 香辛料 (spices).


  
  红曲 would mean "red food dye", but what's with that extra 红 at the end? What does this mean?
  


红曲 refers to the mold (monascus purpureus) and 红曲红 (monascus red) refers to the red dye extracted from the mold.


  Is the translation right?


Apart from the open issues above, the translation is generally right. One thing is in English you don't need to say 'edible' in a food ingredient list.