Note taking apps on macos that allow drawing (using the iPad pro as another monitor w/ duet (or similar))
The best solution that came to my mind was Notability. I personally use Notability for taking notes using my iPhone, iPad and MacBook Pro. Notability supports drawings and typing and has nearly instant speed of showing changes across all the connected devices through iCloud. 

Also they support Apple Pencil on iPad and will support duet as well. But I'm not sure about that. 

If you definitely want something like that just give a try to notability.