Bootcamp not working after partitioning Macintosh HD
I also faced similar issue and was able to solve with post on apple discussions. 

However follow these instruction carefully and make sure to have all backups in place.



Based on comment below, adding answer in post




sudo gdisk /dev/disk0

If you get any error messages at this point, report the error messages, don't proceed further.

You're now in gdisk interactive mode. Menus/commands are single characters followed by return/enter. So type ? and  and you'll get the main menu listing commands. Type p  and it will print (display) the current GPT. Since you have 5 GPT entries, you can't use a 1 for 1 GPT to MBR scheme like Apple does. The following suggestion is safe, but all hybrid MBRs are non-standard inventions, and therefore I can't tell you how Boot Camp Assistant or Disk Utility will react to this hybrid MBR should you decide to make changes later. What I can tell you is Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X themselves have no problem with this MBR scheme.

r         go to the recovery & transformation menu
h         create a new hybrid MBR
5         add partion 5 to the MBR
          accept the default MBR hex code of 07
y         set the bootable flag
n         do not protect more partitions
o        print (display) the MBR

You should have two entries. One type EE, one 07, with the 07 entry marked with * under Boot. If you don't, report back. If you do, write out the update partition information, and hope  a power failure doesn't occur for the next few seconds...

w      write partition table to disk

reboot. hold down option - you should be able to boot into either Mac HD, Recovery HD, or Windows.

I just tested this same five partition GPT and 2 partition MBR on a working system and the instructions above worked.

Note, so long as CSM-BIOS and thus MBR are required for Boot Camp instead of EFI booting Windows, we're stuck with flaky MBR problems, as well as the 2TB disk limitation for Windows boot disks.

Also, I filed bug ID 11980880 at bugreport.apple.com and referenced this thread.