Is it possible to know if a macOS startup drive has been used in another mac?
I need to know if the storage drive in a Mac (SSD/flash storage or
  hard drive), has been used on another machine (same model probably).


macOS logs the computer's MAC addresses in these files: /var/log/daily.out and /var/log/wifi.log.

Since a MAC address (MAC stands in this context for media access control) is unique to every network interface and thus different on every Mac, you can list the current computer's MAC addresses and check if they differ from what has been logged:


Launch the Terminal app, located in /Applications/Utilities.
Run:

ifconfig | grep -A 2 '^en' | grep ether | sed 's/\(.*\)\(..:..:..:..:..:..\)/\2/'


to list all physical MAC addresses on your Mac.

Output will be similar to this:

60:f8:11:8f:f0:00
e0:f8:43:42:6d:40
d2:00:11:8f:f0:00

Now run:

sudo grep 'initWithInterfaceAndIE: _myMacAddress' /var/log/wifi.log | sed 's/\(.*\)\(..:..:..:..:..:..\)/\2/' | sort | uniq


to list all logged physical MAC adresses.

Output will be similar to this:

60:f8:11:8f:f0:00

Compare the output of ifconfig with the logged MAC addresses. 

If a MAC address listed in step 3 is not included in the list from step 2, it is very probable that the internal storage has been used with another Mac.