Create Google sheets shortcut in homescreen
I see that all of my line breaks were removed in the answer. Let's fix that!

Open the document in GoogleDocs app on your iPhone.
Tap the three dots in the top corner
Share &amp; export
Copy link
Leave the GoogleDocs app and open Shortcuts app

Create Shortcut
Add Action
Search for Safari
Open URLs
Tap the little gray field that says URL
Type googledocs://
Tap and paste (the link you copied from GoogleDocs). The result will look something like http://googledocs://https://docs.google.com/document/d/bunch-of-random-characters
Tap where it says “New Shortcut” at the top in big bold letters and name the shortcut

Tap the three dots
You can change the icon (the gray square with the magic wand in it) to what you want and give it a shortcut name.
Tap Add to Home Screen
Add
Done
Done/Next

Voila! You now have an icon on your home screen for the document, which will automatically open in GoogleDocs.