How do I import my OSX Keyboard Shortcuts?
See Where are keyboard shortcuts stored (for backup and sync purposes)? which mentions some relevant files in ~/Library.

(Also helpful: Globally edit all keyboard shortcut settings  – which talks about manually adding/editing shortcuts.)

Copying ~/Library/Preferences/.GlobalPreferences.plist from my old account worked, however, I had to log out and do it from a separate account, otherwise OSX will undo any changes to the file.