Can I clean my Macbook Pro keyboard with vodka?
The type of alcohol is less important than what other contaminants are in it.

Even strong vodka is 50% water and unknown contaminants.

After many comments &amp; other answers on what may or may not be in vodka -
From The Chemistry of Vodka – Structure, Additives, and Impurities


  The final factor is additives. Though we think of vodka as just
  ethanol and water, it’s actually permitted in a number countries to
  add small amounts of other additives. Mostly, these are to improve the
  smoothness of the vodka, so they’re likely to be found in higher
  amounts in cheaper vodkas containing more impurities. Compounds used
  for this purpose include citric acid, glycerol, and sugar.


I'd wait until you have something better to clean it with, like perhaps a micro-fibre cloth [3 for a pound/buck/shekel in any supermarket] Get the general purpose fluffy ones with little loops of fibre rather than the smooth ones specifically for glass, as they're a bit hard for plastic.

Wet under the cold tap, then wring out as dry as you can possibly get it. It should be dry enough that you can barely tell it wets the surface... no dribbles.
Wipe gently, repetition is better than force.  

Cheaper than vodka too... &amp; you're even less likely to want to suck the cloth afterwards ;-)

See also Will alcohol or soap damage plastic or rubber? from Chemistry Stack Exchange for another good reason I recommend nothing more than water &amp; a micro-fibre cloth.