Set Mac Firmware Password from Linux
No, I'm not aware of any software for Linux that allows you to change the EFI firmware password on your Mac.

If you have a recent Mac that supports internet recovery you can reboot straight into internet recovery mode, even if the boot disk has been formatted or overwritten. Once you've booted into a recovery environment, you should be able to use the firmware password tool.

If you have an earlier Mac, then your best bet is to find another working Mac and create a bootable installer to get into recovery mode without needing to overwrite your Linux installation.