How can I fix my built in Mac Screen Sharing App?
On your Linux computer you will need a to run a VNC server of some sort.

There may be one already installed that you need to start. How to do this depends on the Linux distro you have. Try man vncserver at the command line on the Linux box and see what you get.

VNC is a screen sharing protocol and SMB is a file sharing protocol so you can't get screen sharing using SMB.