Is it possible to use Adobe CS5 with Java SE 7?
I don't know if this works for CS5 and Mavericks, but for CS6 I have found a solution for Yosemite (more details there):


Create a directory /System/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.6.0.jdk.
Create a symlink /System/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.6.0.jdk/Contents to /Library/Internet Plug-Ins/JavaAppletPlugin.plugin/Contents from your Java 7 / 8.
If missing, create an empty directory /System/Library/Java/Support/Deploy.bundle.


Paths on Mavericks may differ a bit though.

Also, you'll probably need to be root to do this, so use sudo using an administrative account.