If I change my computer name how does it affect my computer's paths?
Not sure what you mean- you can't change the computer name in the Users &amp; Groups pref pane, you do that in the Sharing pref pane. Did you change you user account name accidentally?

In general- changing the Computer Name in Sharing will set the bonjour name (My-Computer.local), you can use the 'scutil' command to set your hostname:

sudo scutil --set HostName mycomputer