Is there a limit to the number of attempts to logon to an iPhone 8?
By default, there is no limit. One can be set - usually on sensitive business phones rather than consumer devices - where after 10 unsuccessful attempts the phone will wipe itself, permanently.

However, without that parameter set, each successive failed attempt will lengthen the time before another attempt can be made. If you keep trying, eventually the time can become months or even years, so be careful.

There is no way to force an iPhone to let you in. If you really cannot remember the passcode, you will eventually have no choice but to wipe it &amp; start over.
At that point, you will also need to be able to correctly login to the Apple ID that 'owns' the phone to release the activation lock.

See Apple KB - If you've forgotten the passcode on your iPhone, or your iPhone is disabled for further detail.