OSX HDD not working after I removed a partition on it
Googling issues with ASMT 2115 on macOS brought me here. I had an issue, similar to yours, when testing this external hdd enclosure. 

Somehow by formatting SSD in Yosemite from Parallels (which was previously formatted on Sierra), I managed to get HDD into state which nor Sierra nor Yosemite could read/mount/format anymore on macOS. I could use eg. Ubuntu to format the disk, but that was not the point. I wanted to understand what is going on and why macOS started hating my disk.

I was not able to partition the disk or erase it from Disk Utility. The useless ultra generic error messages was not helpful at all, so I tried to format it from terminal with diskutil eraseDisk HFS+ OSX GPT /dev/disk3. There I was able to partially format the disk but finalisation broke with more errors. I was suspicious about electronics in this enclosure and macOS driver for it because I had several of them, and several SSD HDDs all showing same issue. All that lead me to investigate MBR/GPT of the disk in question.

What was strange to me was that fdisk saw unknown partition ID and gpt did not work at all.

Disk: /dev/disk3    geometry: 14593/255/63 [234441648 sectors]
Signature: 0xAA55
         Starting       Ending
 #: id  cyl  hd sec -  cyl  hd sec [     start -       size]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1: EE 1023 254  63 - 1023 254  63 [         1 -  234441647] &lt;Unknown ID&gt;
 2: 00    0   0   0 -    0   0   0 [         0 -          0] unused      
 3: 00    0   0   0 -    0   0   0 [         0 -          0] unused      
 4: 00    0   0   0 -    0   0   0 [         0 -          0] unused       


And gpt did not work at all:

sudo gpt -r show /dev/disk3
gpt show: error: bogus map
gpt show: unable to open device '/dev/disk3': Undefined error: 0


Then I found about Hybrid MBR/Protective MBR/GPT issues people had, mostly due to BootCamp which was responsible for creating the Hybrid MBR conditions that was causing many problems to dual boot users (lost system partitions etc.). I was certain I created condition like that by my self (by using different non compatible OSX versions tough).

The solution in this case was to clear the hybrid MBR data, or even better to clear all GPT/MBR data on the disk (if you do not need the data), and start over.

I was not able to use Apple utilities successfully, but GPT fdisk (gdisk) worked great for me. SIP fill forbid gdisk from working on system disk (unless it's disabled), but it works great with external HDDs. gdisk revealed that my MBR and GPT were very different.

sudo gdisk /dev/disk3
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.1

Partition table scan:
  MBR: MBR only
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: present

Found valid MBR and GPT. Which do you want to use?
 1 - MBR
 2 - GPT
 3 - Create blank GPT


It's worth noting that:


Option 1 reads MBR partition table (as seen by fdisk) and converts
them to GPT. 
Option 2 uses existing GPT (as seen by gdisk) and deletes the MBR partition table (becoming protective MBR) 
Option 3 will start fresh with a new empty GPT.


If you want to save data on your HDD, do not do this. You have to repair it from gdisk. My fix was using option 3, then zaping (deleting all partition information) whole disk and recreating blank GPT:

x
z
Yes
y


After that I was again able to initialise/format the disk in Disk Utility again (and in terminal).

More info about GPT can be found here and here on gdisk homepage. 

The fastest way to get gdisk is by brewing from cask with:
brew cask install gdisk

Hope this helps someone.

IMHO - it is not unlikely that disks will end up this way if they are eg. used between OS'es. macOS should really have support to handle them without breaking a sweat, but sadly - it does not.