Keyboard shortcut to partition screen
Yes Apple allows split screen with a vertical slider or divider out of the box. 


https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204948


There are many awesome window manager that automate many grid layout, are flexible and very friendly to key shortcuts. I like moom and divvy in particular. 


Replacement for MercuryMover
Is there a way to exactly position a window?
More than two windows split view