How do I get photo albums to sync via iCloud?
iCloud only synchronizes photos in your 'Camera Roll' through Photo Stream.
iCloud doesn't synchronize photo albums.

It is possible to synchronize photo albums in iPhoto with your iOS device, but for that you need to sync your iOS device with iTunes on your Mac.

Connect your iOS device with your Mac > click on your device in the left column in iTunes > click the 'Photo' tab > there you can select which photo albums you want to sync with your iOS device.