Printing to a Cups Server without using the local CUPS doesn't work since OS X Lion
The release notes for CUPS 1.5 mention that


  CUPS no longer supports the old ~/.cupsrc or ~/.lpoptions files from
  CUPS 1.1.x. The ~/.cups/client.conf and ~/.cups/lpoptions files that
  were introduced in CUPS 1.2 must now be used.


Have you tried putting the line

ServerName print-server


into ~/.cups/client.conf?