I removed the passcode from my iPhone before repair, has my data been compromized?
You should consider all device content compromised and it is too late to be prevented.

By removing the passcode, any new computer the device is connected to can be ‘trusted’ without any further authentication. The device can be backed up to iTunes and all the device content available to browse through or be restored to a new device.

If the backup was created ‘encrypted’ this includes all passwords on the device which may include your Apple ID password.

You should change any passwords which are linked to the device, such as Apple ID and email account passwords.