How do I create a keyboard shortcut to go to a specific folder?
Try this AppleScript:

tell application "Finder"
    activate
    set workFolder to (POSIX file "/Users/yourname/Documents/Work") as alias
    reveal workFolder
end tell


For some reason, the tilde doesn't work in the path, so you have to enter your home folder. Since you want to assign that to a shortcut, download FastScripts which enables you to assign shortcuts to AppleScripts.

Hope this helps!

UPDATE:

You can alternatively make an Automator service to run the Applescript.


Open Automator and select Service
On the left-side menu, select Utilities.
In Utilities, drag and drop the "Run Applescript" action into your workflow
Copy the applescript above into the "Run Applescript" action
Save