Automate workspace setup
Yes. You can automate things on macOS.
Before you start, since you are a developer - make a time budget for things you need to do so you can learn how to automate. Then have fun learning things, the first is how to split up a project into small tasks.

https://xkcd.com/1205/ quick estimator for time budgets
https://xkcd.com/1319/ much of what you seek could fall under continuous maintainance / ongoing development, though...

Have you tried seeing how much time you can waste on containers? (jk, not really) it’s far superior to making lots of user accounts and you can’t just use virtual environments for such a wide ranging project.