Pass a variable from bash shell into Applescript?
Instead of using Applescript to open Photoshop, why not just open it directly with the open command in bash?

FOOD_file=~/Desktop/FOOD/FRUIT/
FOOD_NUM=012345 
open -a "Adobe Photoshop CC 2017" $FOOD_file/$FOOD_NUM/apples.psd


Now you don't need to worry about using Applescript at all.