how do I retrieve my photos that are stored for the last five years while I was with iPhone now that I'm using Android
Download photos from iCloud using a smartphone
Assuming you have not the possibility to access a Computer, and the only way of browsing the Internet is using your phone running Android, you may want to follow these few steps:

Open your Internet browser, and visit the iCloud website.

Sign in with your AppleID (the one you used in your previous iPhone)

Tap the Photos App in the Home screen that will appear

Select the photos left in your iCloud Photo Library and then tap on download