How can I retrieve a saved WiFi password from iOS / iPadOS on secure hardware?
One trivial solution is to enable keychain sync for iOS 7 and have the keychain contents sent to iCloud.

Then, on a Mac, enable keychain syncing in the iCloud preference pane in system preferences and use Keychain Utility to inspect the iCloud keychain.



Once above step is completed. Open Keychains on Mac and look for iCloud on the right panel. You should then see all the SSID you have ever saved on your various devices and computers synced through iCloud.