How can I share Apple Remote Desktop's list of machines to other computers?
I believe you can do this with automator.  You can have an automator script pull your list of ARD computers, (I suppose you could do this from the remote task server as well,) and then execute various functions after that list is pulled in.

You can also of course execute AppleScripts (and therefore shell scripts,) through Automator as well, so this should be all you need.

In short: Yes!