iPad and Android phone
You are mixing two things here:


the SIM in your iPhone is tied to whatever contract you have with your carrier. Transfering this SIM to a new phone should be possible without much hassle (you may need to get a new physical SIM card maybe if the Samsung uses a different format than your iPhone). Moving the SIM card to a new phone will not impact the data stored on either the iPhone nor the iPad
Your apps (and photos if you use iCloud) are tied to your Apple ID. If they are already synced between the iPhone and the iPad, they will still be available on your iPad after moving from iPhone to Samsung. The photos (and any other data tied to your Apple ID) will not be available on the Samsung phone though


PS: If you look for ways to sync data between the iPad and the Samsung phone, please search the site for previous questions or ask a new one. It might help to be rather specific about the kind of data you want to sync, solutions for photos may very well differ from syncing contacts or accessing iCloud mail from Android.