I can no longer boot into macOS after resizing my bootcamp partition
Your second partition should have GUID (Type) of 48465300-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC. The third partition should have a GUID (Type) of 426F6F74-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC and an attribute (Attib) value of 0002000000000000. You will need to correct these values.

A good third party tool used to edit the GPT is gdisk.

Once downloaded, you invoke the command by entering the following in an Administrator Command Prompt window.

gdisk64 \\.\PhysicalDrive0


The command gdisk abbreviates the GUID values. Below are some of the abbreviations. 

GUID                                  Abbreviation  
------------------------------------  ------------                       
48465300-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC     AF00
426F6F74-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC     AB00 
DE94BBA4-06D1-4D40-A16A-BFD50179D6AC     2700



  Note: If you make a mistake while using gdisk, you can enter a controlC to exit without saving your changes.


Below is an example of the commands to enter into gdisk. What you need to enter may vary slightly.

GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.1

Partition table scan:
  MBR: protective
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: present

Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.

Command (? for help): t
Partition number (1-3): 2
Current type is 'Windows RE'
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 700): AF00
Changed type of partition to 'Apple HFS/HFS+'

Command (? for help): t
Partition number (1-3): 3
Current type is 'Windows RE'
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 700): AB00
Changed type of partition to 'Recovery HD'

Command (? for help): x

Expert command (? for help): a
Partition number (1-3): 3
Known attributes are:
0: system partition
1: hide from EFI
2: legacy BIOS bootable
60: read-only
62: hidden
63: do not automount

Attribute value is 0000000000000000. Set fields are:
  No fields set

Toggle which attribute field (0-63, 64 or &lt;Enter&gt; to exit): 49
Have enabled the 'Undefined bit #49' attribute.
Attribute value is 0002000000000000. Set fields are:
49 (Undefined bit #49)

Toggle which attribute field (0-63, 64 or &lt;Enter&gt; to exit):

Expert command (? for help): w

Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!

Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to \\.\PhysicalDrive1.
Disk synchronization succeeded! The computer should now use the new
partition table.
The operation has completed successfully.


The Mac firmware and El Capitan OS X operation system both rely on the GUID values in the GUID Partition Table (GPT) to aid in determining the format of a volume stored in a partition. Since the GPT contains the wrong GUID value for both partitions 2 and 3, you can not boot your Mac from either of these partitions.

The Windows 10 operating system is a little less restrictive. Windows 10 will look at the contents of a partition and try to determine format of the volume. Windows may do this even if the partition has the wrong GUID value in the GPT. This is why windows detects the HFS formatted "Macintosh HD" and "Recovery HD" volumes while the firmware used to boot the Mac does not.

The GUID of DE94BBA4-06D1-4D40-A16A-BFD50179D6AC represents a Windows Recovery Environment partition. Evidently, you do not have such a partition. When I install Windows 10 on my 2013 iMac, a partition of this  type was created. It is about 450 MB in size and followed after the 
Windows 10 partition. Other users have posted their installation of Windows 10 did not create this partition. So if you had this partition, it is possible EaseUS erased it. Anyway, you do not need a Windows Recovery Environment partition for normal use of Windows 10.