Copy apfs system partition to another mac
I end up copying the system over using the &quot;Restore&quot; function of Disk Utility, by connecting the serviced mac in Target Disk Mode to the other mac and restoring the macOS APFS container over to the Windows partition. This process is slower (300 MB/s) then the theoretical speed (1 GB/s) and it took twice as much time as I expect because there is a verification stage after the copying stage.
After copying the system, I successfully booted into my copied system on the other mac with no weird or unusual symptoms. I installed macOS again to eliminate potential problems due to changed hardware.