Mavericks: how to disable responsive scroll
UPDATE (7.XI.2013 after call to Apple Care):

I needed also:

1) resetting PRAM (after turn-off, turn-on while holding CMD+ALT+P+R up to second gong),
how to on your mac: https://support.apple.com/kb/ht1379

2) resetting SMC (after turn-off, turn-on while holding SHIFT+CTRL+ALT(option) + POWER)
how to on your mac: https://support.apple.com/kb/HT3964

THE BELOW SETTING SHOULD BE: with inertia



It is probably NOT the permanent solution, but fast and comfortable hack in comparison to system reboot.

It worked for me. Sorry that screenshots are in Polish. Anyway, you should manage it thanks to images/icons.

First open Accessibility from System Preferences



Then in Touchpad/Mouse settings, click touchpad button



Then play with/without inertia.