Can I safely delete three icloud drive (archive) folders that take almost 80GB of storage?
When you turn off iCloud syncing - everything that was in the location for syncing gets moved here.

When you have syncing enabled - the location where newly created (not yet saved to the cloud) files get written is: 

~/Library/Mobile Documents


That location also keeps copies of cloud backed files present locally while you have space on the Mac. Over time, if you start running low on space, they get deleted from the local cache and only exist as stub files that cause the actual files to be downloaded from iCloud.

You have several versions of archive since you have turned off syncing several times. You can merge the contents of the folders or just delete as fits your needs.

I use Kaleidoscope app to compare folders / merge these but there are other tools that work if you don’t want to do it by hand.