Maverick's installation: Can i install Mavericks on a non-case-sensitive partition?
There is already a question on Super User on how to install Adobe CS products on case sensitives partitions : 


you can copy over an existing install on a case-sensitive filesystem and rename all the folders so they match.
Or Follow this procedure which seems to work with CS5.5, CS6 &amp; CC. 


An for your title question : Yes Mavericks can be install on non-case-sensitive partition. It't the default situation used by Apple on new Macs.