Macbook Pro 13' Late 2011 didn't see Samsung 850 Evo SSD on boot
The problem was with Hard Drive Cable – it worked okay with SATA 2 devices, but can't recognize SATA 3 devices. On the similar MacBook Pro with stock cable everything worked fine.

After I replaced it (https://www.ifixit.com/Guide/MacBook+Pro+13-Inch+Unibody+Late+2011+Hard+Drive+Cable+Replacement/7655), everything also started to work.