Unable to install macOS Catalina with bootable USB without macOS recovery partition
You will surely get this to work once your download completes from Apple servers. Things are busy with iOS 14 release,  it if you can’t get this over several hours, take your Mac to a new network.
Internet recovery needs you to connect to some main servers - unfiltered access with no firewalls which can be problematic in some countries and some networks.

https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT210060

Or have someone make you an installer if you trust them.

https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201372

The only other option is hardware repair if your device doesn’t erase when you correctly follow arch of the erase install steps.

https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204904