If I take the hard drive out of my macBook Pro and put it in a non-apple laptop, will it boot?
It won't boot, building a hackintosch machine takes more effort than just swapping a hdd.
Macs have a different bios than windows pc's and this is not stored on your hdd but in the machine itself.
Osx needs this special bios to run and "talk to" the components of your mac.
Also, osx might not have the drivers available for the components in your pc.

you could google for info to make a hackintosch