Any chance to survive after "Apple Developer Program membership will be terminated" message?
Only Apple can answer your queries.


  Is there still a chance for canceling the termination of my membership? How long does it usually take to terminate a membership?


There's no documented rules for this, and it's totally upto the concerned team(s) at Apple to take calls. As far as one can understand, it is taken up on a case by case basis.

To get answers to any of your queries, it's best to contact Apple Developer Support:


Support - Apple Developer
Worldwide Telephone Support - Apple Developer