Find Google Chrome installation directory using Terminal
You can query for this kind of information using the Launch Services database to dump a list of all registered apps, then grep for the one you want (in this case Google Chrome), for example (using Mountain Lion 10.8.4):

/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/LaunchServices.framework/Versions/A/Support/lsregister -dump | grep -i "google chrome"


gives me the output:

path:          /Applications/Google Chrome.app/
executable:    Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome
path:          /Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/Versions/27.0.1453.116/Google Chrome Helper.app/
executable:    Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome Helper