Can I backup my Time Machine drive to the cloud and restore it to any other drive?
Given the rather tricky use of hard-linked directories, access control settings and other special filesystem features I doubt that you will find a cloud storage which supports all this.

Options you may want to consider:


copy the whole Time Machine drive into the cloud as an image (requires a lot of bandwidth at least for the initial copy)
use rsync to periodically copy your data to a remote (cloud) system


PS: Rsync is a Unix tool included in macOS used to synchronize directories between disks or servers which supports incremental updates and a lot of other nice things. See man rsync for details.