Is there a way to temporarily enlarge the mouse pointer like Apple's "Shake to find" does?
There is way to increase the size of your cursor, but it will stay that size until you change it again. Maybe making the cursor a little bigger will help?

Go to System Preferences and click Accessibility. Then on the left click on Display. Click on the subsection called "Cursor", then use the slider to set the cursor size. You can also turn off the feature where your cursor expands when you shake it by unchecking the box.