How to get filename of image used as image fill in table cell?
Yes, you can find the information you need.


Save the Keynote file.
Locate the file in Finder
⌥+Click or Right Click on the file
In the Dropdown, select Show Package Contents
There you should see a folder Data containing all the resources including images used in the file.


Keynote files are really packages of files that the application uses to build the presentation.