Macbook pro late 2016 USB-C Stop working after sleep
The first things I'd try is resetting both the NVRAM and SMC.

Before following the steps below, ensure you have no external hardware connected and that you're using the built-in keyboard.

Resetting the NVRAM on Late-2016 MacBook Pro models

Older Macs had what's called Parameter RAM (PRAM), newer Macs use Non-Volatile Random-Access Memory (NVRAM). To reset the NVRAM on all Late-2016 MacBook Pro models (with and without Touch Bar) follow these steps: 


Shut down your machine. Yes, a full shut down, not just logging out.
Press the power button and then immediately press the commandoptionpr keys. 
Keep these keys pressed down for at least 20 seconds!
Let go of the keys and let your Mac reboot normally.


Note 1: When you log back in you may need to readjust some of your system preferences (e.g. speaker volume, screen resolution, startup disk selection, time zone information, etc).

Note 2: These steps will also work to reset the NVRAM (or PRAM) for all Macs. However, the late-2016 and 2017 MBP models actually required the commandoptionpr keys to be held down for 20 seconds, while earlier Macs did not require this, but doing so does not cause any problems either.

Reset the SMC

There's a couple of ways you can reset the SMC on your MBP, however I prefer the following steps:


Shut down your MBP
Keep the power cable plugged in
Press at the same time shiftoptioncontrol (on the left side of the keyboard) and the power button
Let go
Turn your computer back on with the power button


After resetting both the NVRAM and SMC, use your MBP to determine if the problem still occurs. Let me know how you go.