How do I rename the Downloads folder (in Lion)?
To extend the idea raised by cksum in a comment already:


Create a symbolic link to Downloads with the name you want: ln -s ~/Downloads ~/Temp
Hide the real Downloads folder from the Finder: chflags hidden ~/Downloads


All browsers etc. will still save to Downloads (so you don't have to reconfigure anything) but you can access your files in Temp without having to bother with Downloads any longer.