Remote File and Application access from iMac to Macbook (Not screen sharing)
Hardware
You have two vastly different hardware platforms.  One (iMac) has twice the standard memory of the other (MacBook Pro) - 8GB versus 4GB and two generations and (approx) 30% difference in clock speed.  You're also developing UI on a 27 inch screen then switching to a 13&quot; screen
There's no getting around this discrepancy in horsepower.
Software Licensing
This shouldn't be an issue on two computers.

XCode is free and you can install it on multiple computers that is associated with your developer ID

Adobe CC products can be installed and activated on two computers simultaneously, but you can only use one at a time.


Remote Work
If your work is 90% remote as in you live out of a suitcase, your best bet it is get the most powerful MacBook Pro you can afford and utilize external monitors (hotel TVs perhaps?).
If it's remote as in you work out of your house, your current setup is fine - you just need to move your data to the cloud (iCloud, OneDrive, etc.)  and sync the data and install the apps on each Mac.