View recently closed files (e.g., in Preview) on OS X?
It is unfortunatly impossible.

At the file system level, 
there are only 3 dates associated with any file or directory:

access time
creation time
modification time


The access time is modified upon opening a file.
The modification time is modified upon writing the file.

None of these 3 dates is modified upon closing a file.
Hence the file system doesn't provide a timestamp of the event you are interested in closing time.

For example, the access time will show you when Preview opened your file, but if you close it 2 days later, no date is changed.

This is a structural limitation at the file system level.

At the Finder level the limitation is exactly the same.

This might be changed if Apple decided to improve the ergonomy of the Finder so as to be able to open what the human behind the keyboard is working on. And this won't be a programming nightmare. A basic cache of files opened and closed (modified or not), maintened through a count of references to opened files (when ref_count == 0, file is closed) + survey the deep Spotlight harvesting (to avoid to wait it a few hours to free files) would make it.