How to get XCode commandline tools for Leopard in 2014
Never. mind. Of course one ends up solving something like this right after posting on StackExchange.

This is simply a naming thing. Apple started calling their development tools "command line tools" starting from 10.7, which is why I could not find the old dev tools when I searched for this. 'Xcode 3.1 Developer Tools' is the name of the download. This question pointed me in the right direction.