Time Machine: exclude folders with same name, now AND in the future
You could save a property list like this as ~/Library/LaunchAgents/excludefinalcut.plist:

&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&gt;
&lt;!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"&gt;
&lt;plist version="1.0"&gt;
&lt;dict&gt;
  &lt;key&gt;EnableGlobbing&lt;/key&gt;
  &lt;true/&gt; &lt;!-- enable wildcard and tilde expansion for ProgramArguments --&gt;
  &lt;key&gt;Label&lt;/key&gt;
  &lt;string&gt;excludefinalcut&lt;/string&gt;
  &lt;key&gt;ProgramArguments&lt;/key&gt;
  &lt;array&gt;
    &lt;string&gt;tmutil&lt;/string&gt;
    &lt;string&gt;addexclusion&lt;/string&gt;
    &lt;string&gt;~/Movies/Final Cut Events/*/Transcoded Media/Proxy Media&lt;/string&gt;
  &lt;/array&gt;
  &lt;key&gt;WatchPaths&lt;/key&gt;
  &lt;array&gt;
    &lt;string&gt;~/Movies/Final Cut Events&lt;/string&gt;
  &lt;/array&gt;
&lt;/dict&gt;
&lt;/plist&gt;


Then load the plist by running launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/excludefinalcut.plist.

tmutil addexclusion gives files a com.apple.metadata:com_apple_backup_excludeItem extended attribute. sudo tmutil addexclusion -p would add files to the SkipPaths dictionary in /Library/Preferences/com.apple.TimeMachine.plist that is also modified by System Preferences.