What are all the OS X special user folders?
~/Applications

For storing apps that you want to be private to your account, and does have a 'special icon' (the icon of /Applications) upon creation.

 ~/Sites

For storing your websites. Accessible on the network as /~username.

 ~/Library

If you're not already aware, there's a ~/Library which is hidden, but does have a 'special icon' if you unhide it using chflags nohidden ~/Library or enable Show Library Folder in View Options.