Jailbreak IOS 10.0.1 device via mach_portal without unlocking the iDevice
Is there a way to jailbreak an iPhone 6 running iOS 10.0.1 via mach_portal (a basic root shell exploit which can be found here) while the device is locked?


No. The mach_portal exploit requires you to install and run an application on the device, which requires the device to be unlocked.

Additionally, the mach_portal exploit is not a jailbreak. It could potentially be one component of a jailbreak, but it would need to be combined with a number of other important components (e.g, kernel patches to disable code signature checks and sandboxing) to allow it to be used as one.


  … or is the whole NAND encrypted while the device is locked?


It's complicated. All storage on iOS devices is encrypted. However, some of this data is encrypted using only a key that's embedded into the processor (the device UID), making it accessible at all times; other data is encrypted using a key that is wrapped using the device's passcode, making it only available when the device is unlocked.

Some details on this system are available in Apple's iOS Security Guide. But the TL;DR is that most of the important data is inaccessible until the device is unlocked.