Shell not finding commands after I changed my .bash_profile file
When you did:

export PATH="~/.composer/vendor/bin/laravel"


You changed the system default PATH to something nearly useless. You should never replace PATH, you should only append to PATH.

Remove the following two lines from your ~/.bash_profile:

export PATH=/Applications/MAMP/bin/php/php5.5.10/bin:$PATH
export PATH="~/.composer/vendor/bin/laravel"


And replace them with the following:

pathadd() {
    if [ -d "$1" ] &amp;&amp; [[ ":$PATH:" != *":$1:"* ]]; then
        PATH="${PATH:+"$PATH:"}$1"
    fi
}
pathadd /Applications/MAMP/bin/php/php5.5.10/bin
pathadd ~/.composer/vendor/bin/laravel
export PATH


This is a safe way to append to your PATH environment variable. It only does the append if the path isn't already in the list.