Does OS X scale the resolution of my screen?
You can use an app like Display Menu, available for free in the App Store, to set the Display to its highest resolution, as well as other available resolutions.

Note that there is a paid Pro version too, for $1.99 USD, which offers AppleScript Support, Retina Resolutions which displays all resolutions with a mouse click and Bookmarks for Quick Access.

I've used the regular version for over 3 years now on my 15" Mid 2013 MacBook Pro with Retina Display and it's done all I've needed without upgrading to the Pro version. That said, you might find the additional Pro features worth the $1.99 USD.