Can software defined radio be used as noise generator?
Could I achieve this with a software defined radio?

You can produce any band-limited signal, given its bandwidth is within the capabilities of the SDR. So, yes.
You'll find that &quot;shortwave radios used in proximity&quot; is often incredibly high power density compared to what modern SDRs do, so not sure whether you can induce the same problems when doing that at a lower power. But that's a different question!