Which diodes are used in a high amperage rectifying circuit? (4007 are 1A rated) and other components
1N540x is a common 3A diode, so with a full bridge you can get 6A. Above a few amperes you should consider Schottky diodes, at least at lower supply voltages. 

You can also get inexpensive packaged bridges with ~17A diodes rated for 35A that can be directly bolted to a heatsink.