Is it good idea to charge a battery from a starter-capacitor of an AC generator?
There are several challenges to using a single-phase induction motor as a generator driven by a wind turbine.


The output voltage will be proportional to speed. The motor referenced in the question, would need to be driven nearly 3000 RPM to produce an output of 220 volts. Sufficient mechanical speed increase to achieve that speed may not be very efficient.
The required capacitance varies with load and speed. The 16 uf capacitance value shown is likely too small. It may need to be as much as 10 times that. Wind speed and load variations could cause the system to cease generating. 
It may be necessary to go through a manual starting procedure it initiate generation successfully. The generator may not build up voltage if it is started with a load connected.
The motor depends on residual magnetism to initiate generator action. You may need to be prepares to remagnetize sometimes or perhaps every time it is started.


With some effort, you may be able to successfully demonstrate wind-turbine electrical power generation using the motor you have as an induction generator, but it may not be as impressive as you would like it to be.