Dynamic Range Compressor Pedal Operation
Q4 and Q6 act as rectifiers of the AC signal from Q2.  When their base voltages go above ~0.5V they conduct and take current from C10, causing the voltage to go lower.  The diodes CR1 and CR2 help in this process. The output voltage will be high at no-signal and get progressively lower with higher signal.

CR1 and CR2 will conduct if their cathode attempts to go more than 0.5V below ground (the anode pin).  This will inject charge into capacitors C7 or C8 that cause the cathodes to become more positive on succeeding positive half cycles of the audio. Since the cathodes are connected to the base of the transistors (Q4, Q6) this will cause base current to flow that in turn will increase the collector current and discharge C10.

As you correctly surmise Q2 is a phase splitter so although each of Q4 and Q6 only conduct on a positive or negative half-cycle of the signal the combination of the two gives a full wave rectifier.

R14 and C10 give the time constant of the rectifier - ~1.5 seconds.  Q3 buffers the signal to avoid loading the relatively high impedance at C10.