Can I use batteries with a higher-than-recommended current?
The doorbell application gave it away: 23A and 27A refer to types of battery, not to Amperes.
It's an unfortunate marking some manufacturers use for A23 and A27 batteries, also known under many other names.
A 27A is 8mm x 28.2mm, a 23A is 10.3mm x 28.5mm, both are 12V.
If it fits well in your doorbell, then use it, otherwise, return it.