drone power distribution board on a perf board
is it possible to make a simple PD board on a perf board?

Yes, perf boards on their own are made to do things like this, exactly.

i know the more complex PD boards have voltage regulators and capacitors but how important are those exactly?

These are extremely important (and most likely essential). If voltage regulator and capacitors are not in the board, then what is on the board?
To give a more detailed answer, we'd have to know the specs of what exactly you are trying to do. Current doesn't matter to perf boards because no current flows through perf boards. They are just insulators with holes drilled in them to hold components connected by wires. You'd need the wires and connectors specced for 30 A and the perf board specced for voltage (which they usually are for 100s if not 1000s of volts).