Old Record Player Motor Doesn't Have Torque To Start
The Visible bit of bright copper is part of a shading ring .Your motor is single phase and relies on the shading rings for starting torque .When you strip the motor check the integrity of all the shading rings because you want rated torque .Also check the bearings ,they must be really free to turn .Starting torque of these types of motors is useless but they have not too bad speed regulation using no extra electronics .Now that winding looks not too good to me ,Give it a hipot test to avoid electrocution at power up .You could save your jukebox by using a more modern motor ,I have heard of this being done .