Identifying an SMD Tantalum Capacitor
Generally you are right that per marking it should be 10uF/35V capacitor. You did not state who the manufacturer is, they may simply have used gray market to source cheap remarked components.

I recommend you contacting developer/manufacturer with question about deviation in the board and circuit, not telling about voltages you applied. Because as soon as they will hear about your doubts and special conditions, they may immediately state that it is not warranty case and that it is your fault, proposing repair on T&amp;M basis.

Hear their answer first (append info from them to your question), and then decide what to do.

P.S. If developer and manufacturer are different entities, then developer may not know what manufacturer is doing, thus raising quality issue would be a good action towards developer and your peer users of this product.