Bulk Rectification Capacitor Exploded on Tesla Coil Halfbridge
Design fault

Your Cap ripple current exceeding spec. on primary side by a wide margin.

Based on typical caps of that size, Imax @120Hz is rated at a few amps.

Meanwhile using half rectified AC @60Hz Zc (1000uF)= 3 ohms so ripple current starts at 80V/3 Ohms *50% df= 13.3 A then reduces as it charges up , then controlled by PWM load.

There is no provision for current limiting with ICL's on primary side or regulation with current sensing on secondary side.

Meanwhile a random power-on at 80V or even 120V into an ESR of about 0.1 Ohms can lead to >80A surge currents with a time constant depending on ESR*C = T, time constant. I might expect 100us