74HC595 Shift register - output pin polarity
Not really. High pins source current and low pins sink current, which means that outputs that lead to ground through LEDs are active high and outputs that lead to VCC are active low.

It may be an issue with logic families whose drive strength is highly asymmetrical, e.g. they can source much more current than they can sink or vice versa, but HCMOS has mostly symmetrical drive strength (within 20% or so).