Shocked by beginner circuit kit
OK.  You say that it was a single jolt, and you pulled your hand away immediately.
It was one of two things -- either it was static discharge and a true shock, but exactly what you would have gotten from a doorknob, you burnt yourself, or it was an actual shock and I can't count.
You're running 5V through a \$10\Omega\$ resistor, which means that it's dissipating 2.5 Watts.  That means it'll get hot in the thermal sense.  That is, in fact, why it's a bit browned compared to the two 100 ohm resistors (which will dissipate 0.25 Watts at 5V).  If you're expecting a shock, and you get burnt, you'll think you got a shock (trust me on this -- even if you've been doing it for 40 years, you'll still do it).
I'm pretty sure that's what you felt.  It's hard to describe how to safely test a part that's sizzling hot for temperature -- it involves holding up the back of your finger to the part without touching it and feeling for heat, or briefly touching it and seeing if you feel heat afterwards.  In extremis (I'm really bad about thermal safety) you lick your finger, touch briefly, and listen for a sizzle.
Had you hung onto the thing a bit longer, the &quot;tss&quot; sound, the bad-smelling smoke, and the shiny, resistor-sized spots on your thumb and forefinger would have let you know that it was thermal, not electrical.