Automotive IO input protection design for ESD, transients, and reverse polarity compatible with ISO 7637
I would lose the TVS and add a diode from the base of Q1 to ground to prevent damaging Q1 (the TVS does not protect Q1). I don't see the point in D1.. The voltage is clamped at +0.6 so R2 cannot inject current into the supply rail. R2 needs to be rated for 1W, and to withstand the transient pulses, so preferably a surge resistant type.

Evaluate the transistor to ensure it can withstand 200mA base transients without damage.