What makes an incandescent light bulb run out?
I'd say that an incandescent bulb is quite forgiving about power quality. They generally blow up because tungsten, that is, the material the filament is made of, slowly evaporates until the filament breaks. So what really comes into play is the filament manufacturing, how it's held in place, if its thickness is regular or not, if the tungsten is pure enough, and so on.

A filament breaks because it eventually becomes a little thinner at a point. That point heats more, causing more tungsten to evaporate, making it even thinner... That's good old nasty positive reaction. Thermal shock can do the job too, that's why you tell your children to stop disco-switching the lights.

Interestingly enough since the filament usually just breaks in one point, it's possible to try to give a broken lamp some afterlife time. If you have the broken bulb plugged in\$^1\$ and shake it, it's possible for the two filament ends to touch: the point heats a lot and the filament might weld itself and give you ten or so more hours of life.

\$^{(1)}\$ Please, just don't try that if you are not sure it's safe.