Identifying function of passive components in op amp circuit
I think you need to look at it as circuits in stead off individual component.

The first op-amp is a second order high pass filter.

Second op-amp is a second order low pass filter.

Both filters are Sallen-Key topology as jonk wrote in his comment. There is a pretty good wikipedia page on Sallen-Key. 

The circuit at the ADC input is a balanced low pass filter. You can read about the circuit in the datasheet for the ADC. The exact circuit can found in the Application and Implementation section.