designing a universal 0-10v and 0-300k resistance input circuit
The cleanest method to do what you want is to use a constant current source to the input. This will generate a voltage across the resistor under test (RUT) proportional to the resistance. To get 10 V at 330k we need a current of \$ I = \frac {V}{R} = \frac {10}{330k} = 30 \ \mathrm {µA} \$.







simulate this circuit &ndash; Schematic created using CircuitLab

Figure 1. Dual-purpose analog input. 0 - 10 V or resistance measurement to 330k.


OA1 provides a buffer between the input and the voltage divider required to feed your ADC. It needs to be able to swing to 0 V so check this in the datasheet.
R1 / R2 divide the voltage down to 5 V for your ADC.
V++ will need to be higher than 12 V to provide enough headroom to operate the 30 µA constant current source. You'll probably need 15 V.
The constant current source will inject 30 µA into any 0 - 10 V source you connect to the input. That's why I requested more information on that.