Bypass capacitor placement
How do I know which pin each capacitor should go with ?

You don't.

The designer of the circuit probably intended to do the layout himself, or have someone he knows and will communicate with closely do the layout.

In general, you want each power pin to have its own bypass capacitor.  In this case, there are fewer capacitors than power pins.  Unfortunately that means you simply don't know how the designer intended the capacitors to be placed.

This is obviously a large chip since it has at least 137 pins.  That may imply a grid layout of pins as apposed to pins along four edges.  In that case some of the pins that have rather different numbers may actually be near each other.  If there are such clumps, then probably there is one capacitor per clump and isolated power pin.

Note also the different values of capacitors, particularly on the Vdd pins.  The 10 nF were probably chosen for their impedance at such high frequencies that the 100 nF would actually have higher impedance.  That means the 10 nF are intended to by physically very close, probably immediately under the chip in case of BGA package.  The 100 nF a littler farther away, and the 1 &micro;F back a few 10s of mm at the overall power and ground feeds.

Also, why do you assume this circuit was designed well?  There are a lot of crappy or badly documented designs out there, especially in those that got posted on the net.