Metal-oxide film resistors and power applications
I'm not sure we can fully disambiguate this for you. The names are historical and don't necessarily form a clearly delineated taxonomy of resistor types.
Carbon film resistors are made from a thin film of carbon on a ceramic rod (but in a carbon film resistor series you will find that lower values are usually actually made from a metal (such as nickel) film. They are trimmed to value usually through mechanical cutting.
Thick film resistors are printed and fired, and used to be common in hybrid circuits. These days I suspect most  hybrids are made with commercial resistors which are cheap and come sealed and trimmed to value. Thick film resistors can be trimmed via laser or abrasive etching. &quot;Thick&quot; here is still a small fraction of a mm.
Thin film resistors are made with semiconductor-like processes such as sputtering or evaporation and etching. The film thickness is sub-micron.
So-called Metal-oxide-film resistors of the axial persuasion are generally designed for power applications and use an oxide such as antimony/tin oxide over a ceramic rod. The oxides are more refractory and spread over a relatively large rod, so they can withstand large pulse power dissipation.
Chip resistors are &quot;thin film&quot; types and also typically use a metal or metal oxide, sometimes rather exotic types.