The TI quad-XOR gate acts as it is short circuit
The answer is very simple - you have not connected the power supply to the IC.

In that state, nothing can be predicted with certainty about how it will operate - you are outside of its specifications. The ESD protection diodes can allow current from input pins to (incorrectly) partially power the IC, so the IC may not appear dead, but it may operate in unknown, unpredictable, ways - as you are seeing. So, don't do that! Correctly power the IC.

(FYI, you also have unconnected inputs, which can be a problem on CMOS ICs. Unconnected CMOS inputs can float to intermediate voltage levels (neither a valid logic high nor a valid logic low) and lead to high power consumption, potentially even causing internal damage to the IC. This has been covered in previous questions. You need to correctly pull-up or down any unused CMOS inputs.)