Why does this diagram reject self-resonance behavior for RF chokes?
what is the minimum self-resonance frequency?

The table says this: Self resonance frequency (min.)   26MHz
Notice that this is a minimum figure. The graph shows this: -

And the graph is a typical graph (although it doesn't state so). It's pretty normal for graphs in product data to represent typical values.

why does the impedance increases after self-resonance frequency?

Because the table indicates the minimum SRF.
If you dig out the data sheet you'll see that the 10 uH and 15 uH (yours) have the same stated SRF: -

Hence Murata are likely being a tad lazy with their specifications.

How use these inductors for high frequency such as 10ghz while their SRF is less than 1Ghz?

You can't unless you want them to behave like capacitors.

for example in this application the device works up to 1GHz but the
choke SFR is less than 100MHz page 4

I think Mini-circuits might be mistaken here but, contact them to find out how they can justify this. Alternatively, the losses may increase so much that the device becomes very resistive at higher frequencies maybe like a ferrite bead: -

Image from here.
Although the SRF is about 60 MHz, the impedance continues rising (due to losses in the ferrite material) up to a usable point beyond 1 GHz. It's not the way I like to design things but you can't always rely on someone else's design matching what you might do. In other words, if an inductor isn't characterized at some arbitrarily high frequency then don't use it. Don't even use it if you have tested a dozen and find them all to be good at the high frequency because how would you ever find a replacement if you needed one?
It's like finding some old paint in your garage and painting your kitchen. After the third wall you run out of paint and, of course, the colour matching process to finish the last wall will be a pig of a job. You'll probably end-up starting all over again and curse yourself and your dog and anyone else who happens to be in the vicinity but, who really was to blame?