CMOS Camera Module - Question regarding power supply
The 10-ohm resistors and 4.7uF capacitors form low pass filters for the power to the image sensor chip.  Some people use ferrite beads or inductors for the same purpose, depending on the chips' sensitivity to noise and possible noise characteristics on the input voltage.  Image sensors are highly noise-dependent, showing up as visible noise on the captured images.

This is a single-pole filter, with -3dB point at around 3kHz.  This is well below the typical switching power supply frequency range of 600kHz-2MHz but will not be effective on AC main noise (50/60Hz).

Series resistors are also helpful in monitoring current usage during circuit board debug, although much lower values can be used to lower the power loss.