Transmission line simulation (physical)
Transmission lines have a complex characteristic impedence. The characteristic impedence is typically specified "per unit length" for a given tranmission line. For practical purposes, you might have four values "per unit length" for a transmission line: resistance, capacitance, inductance, and conductance. There's a pretty extensive article on this on Wikipedia, and "for high frequencies and small losses" the approximate equation is:



where:


x is the distance along the tranmission line 
t is elapsed time
L is the inductance per unit length 
C is the capacitance per unit length
R is the resistance per unit length 
G is the conductance per unit length


Now this is probably going to be of limited use to you because, if I read between the lines here, it sounds like you're planning to transmit a digital signal (i.e. a square wave). The edges in the square wave are really "broad spectrum." That's why most communication systems go through a modulation and demodulation step so as to limit the spectrum of the signal "on the line." But I think the above equation does apply because a the "signal" in a square wave is analytically "high frequency" content.

At any rate, in the "steady state" high level of your input signal, assuming your receiver is a high impedence, what your signal sees is a voltage divider based on the characteristic resistance and conductance. So you should see (approximately) Vout/Vin = G/(R+G), based on the model:



Edit 1

I missed the FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) comment in the question earlier. I also had another thought. You can use something like Matlab Simulink to model the transfer characteristic of the circuit, and feed the model with a representative input waveform to see what comes out the other side...

Also, if you want to know how much of a voltage drop you'll see, for a sinusoidal signal, you've still got an effective voltage divider with a top leg having effective impedence of length*(R + jwL) and a bottom leg impedence of (Glength || 1/(jwClength)). You can do the complex math to find the real part of that transfer function at a given frequency ( w = 2 * pi * f).

Edit 2

In response to the clarification of what you meant by physical simulation, if you are trying to physically introduce the effect of a transmission line, just set up the circuit in the figure with appropriate values of capacitors, inductors, and resistors - sized in accordance with the properties and length of the transmission line you are trying to emulate.