Is that possible to know micro controller pin voltage and current without using multimeter?
With an MCU, the easiest way it to delegate the measurement task to a dedicated circuit called "charge monitor", with I2C interface. These ICs can be found in section "PMIC-current regulation/management" at say, Digi-Key. An example is the Texas Instruments INA219. There are many similar circuits, from Maxim, etc.

The IC will take care of all analog business, all self-contained, and simple I2C reads will give you Voltage, Current, and even calculated instant Power. All you need is the IC, and a sense resistor (20 - 100 mOhms), depending on desired current range and IC gain grade.

Of course you can do this with a MCU with a built-in ADC, but you will still need a differential current-to-voltage converter, and another ADC channel to measure the voltage itself. Some MSU have differential configuration for ADC channels, which could help to measure the shunt resistor directly.