Can I exchange data from a smartphone and in parallel quick charge it with an ic?
According to this page on the QC 2.0 protocol the differential data pair is used to request the desired voltage from the QC capable charger, meaning you cannot transfer data through the USB interface while you are quick charging. To use the data lines you must first exit Quick Charge mode by tying D- to below 0.325V, and wait until VBUS returns to 5V.