How to combine LTC2954 with TP4056 charging circuit
Looking at the datasheet, it seems that you need a P-channel MOSFET (low Vgs type for a single Li-Ion cell) with LTC2954:


I have selected (in a square) the area that you don't need. The part of this circuit connected to the positive (+) end of the battery goes to your VCC connection where you have marked your schematic with an arrow and an X. The other side of the MOSFET (the drain pin) goes to your Arduino Vin (the DC/DC square in this image).
 The negative (GND) side of your Arduino goes to OUT(-) of your TP4056 module or the pin 3 of the TP4056 IC.