How to control the power to an LED strip using a micro switch?
The two important specs you need to look for here are the current/voltage of your device, and the current/voltage of your switch.
In this case the usb led strip is 5V DC and 10 Watts or up to 2 Amps, as is, without cutting it down. The actual draw may be lower, but let's go with that as the expected maximum.
A typical micro lever switch will have a higher AC rating than a DC rating. It's a factor of how the switches work and how the voltage source functions. Your specific switch is rated at 0.6A at 120V DC. You could make an assumption that it would be okay at lower voltages and higher current, but the failure mode of the switch would not make that a safe assumption. Best case it fails prematurely, open/corrods or closed/fuses. Worst case, fire. So we can assume that it can take 0.6A at 5V. Thats a quarter of what we need.
So you need a better switch, a lower current device, or use the switch to trigger another option, like a relay. Plenty of cheap DC capable relays. Any common 5V relay or relay module can switch 5 or 10 Amps with a coil that only needs a few hundred milliamps.
As for the wiring, yes you would splice the switch or the relay's switched connection in-between the power source and the led strip. In this case a usb extension cable would be an ideal source for a pig tail. You can splice into the 5V line or the ground. I would do the 5v. A fuse would be nice but likely unneeded.