ADS Simulation: Why doesn't the diode rectify the signal?
the diode in my half-wave rectifier did not rectify the AC signal.


I don't see this in your results.

It looks like some of the time Vd and Vd1 are equal, and other times, Vd1 is about 3 V above Vd, which is exactly what you expect for half-wave rectification.

If you zoom in the time scale on the plot to see the individual cycles, this might be more clear.


  Therefore Vout ~ 0V. Why could that happen?


I think this is because of the DC Feed. This device models an effectively infinite valued (maybe it is actually modeled as 1 GH or something) inductor. In a finite time, its current won't change. This component is used to provide a short in an operating point analysis, but an open in every other kind of simulation.

Run the transient simulation for a couple years of simulation time and you might see a non-zero output at Vout.

Or change the DC feed to an inductor with a realistic value (and calculate how long you'll have to run the simulation to see a response).