Can I use a single large capacitor rather than multiple small?
Can I use a single large capacitor rather than multiple small?

Yes, you can BUT there is a very high chance that using only one supply decoupling capacitor will generate lots of issues, especially if you use only one capacitor for all 60 LEDs.
So yes you can but it is &quot;asking for trouble&quot; so I would strongly recommend against using only one capacitor when you have 60 LEDs.
What kind of issues?
Issues like LEDs not doing what you program then to do because the data gets corrupted. LEDs not passing the data correctly on to the next LED in the string. Any other unexpected behavior. Also, you might introduce EMI and EMC issues due to the long wires between the LEDs and the supply decoupling capacitor.
I would simply avoid this and make sure that there is at least one supply decoupling
capacitor close to every LED. Instead of having a capacitor for each LED, in my view you could get away with using one capacitor per 4 LEDs so one capacitor on each PCB. Place the capacitor in the middle between all 4 LEDs and make the traces between capacitors and LEDs as short as possible. It is also good practice to make the ground connection not as separate traces but as a ground plane. Look at how this is done on other PCBs.