How to create on-board USB blaster for Intel FPGAs?
JTAG is standardized, and you can create Serial Vector Format programming files from the toolchain that can be interpreted to give the correct programming sequence for the IC regardless of what is driving the JTAG lines.
Typically people would use one of the FTDI USB-to-serial converter ICs for that. The USB Blaster is also just an USB to serial converter, I'm not sure which IC they use, but it's reasonably common that you can buy USB Blaster clones cheaply.