Charging 12v 9ah lead acid battery
How should I start with this?


First you need to set the desired voltage and current limit. To charge a 12-volt lead acid battery, which has 6 cells in series, you need to set a voltage limit of 2.15-2.4V per each cell. So if it has got six of these in series you need to set the charging voltage limit to 12.9-14.4V. 

The recommended charging current is between 10 and 30 percent of the rated capacity. So a 9Ah battery should be charged at about 2.5A, or lower. Once the battery is fully charged the current drops to a few percent of the rated Ah, which indicates the battery is charged. 


  how much do I loose if I try to charge it from 12v?


Anything above 2.15V/cell will charge a lead acid battery. This means below 2.15V/cell no charging will occur. 


  is there a chip that can regulate the exponential charging process?


I don't know.