Transmitting a video stream through a microcontroller
Bluetooth is a half-duplex radio technology that has a peak raw data rate of 1, 2 or 3 Mbps, depending on the specific modulation scheme being used. In practice, an application can get at most about 200 KB/s of data throughput.

Even if you reduce your video requirements to quarter-VGA (320 &times; 240) at 10 fps with 8 bits/pixel (768 KB/s), you'll still need to compress the data on the fly by at least 4:1 to transmit it in real time over Bluetooth.

That said, if this is still something you want to pursue, I would recommend looking at DSP chips as the microcontroller you select. Just as one example, the Analog Devices Blackfin (ADSP-BF561) is particularly well-suited to real-time video processing. The corresponding EZ-KIT is an easy way to get started with development.