Abuse TS339 comparator channel as a voltage multiplier
I presume the output is intended to be connected to the R2/R4 node in your schematic (Edit: It has been corrected). 

No, you should not do this, as it will not be stable (it will oscillate). Using an op-amp as a comparator is sometimes justified (where the input type allows it, and where precision or other factors outweigh performance), but it is rare that you can use a comparator successfully as an op-amp because of the lack of compensation. There is no access to the internal nodes to allow you to stabilize the amplifier with compensation network(s). 

There is only one exception that I am aware of, and that is the ancient bipolar cousin of the chip you are using, the LM339, which can be compensated by adding a BFC (big fat capacitor) to the output. Something like 10uF, if memory serves. You end up with a rather crummy op-amp but perhaps usable in some circumstances.