what logic family does tri state logic fall into?
Tri-state belongs to all logic families, ECL, TTL, NMOS, CMOS, and BiCMOS. This type of logic is able via a control pin to cut its output drivers off.

This is important when many devices share a common data bus but only one at a time can 'drive' the bus, including the CPU/MPU and DMA controllers. The top of the CPU/MPU/DMA address map reserves a few bits to select one device at a time to read from (so the IC is taken out of tri-state briefly), or to write data to.

Obviously a CPU/MPU/DMA write to a IC has no tri-state issues, as the CPU/MPU is the current bus 'master'. The CPU/MPU is usually reading or writing data so it seldom has its bus drivers go tri-state.

An exception would be an external DMA IC transferring data from an Ethernet IC to flash or dram memory. This is usually done in 'burst' of 4 kilobytes or more so the CPU/MPU is not idle for very long.

The CPU/MPU often grants a request from another IC (such as Ethernet or video or the DMA IC) to allow external data transfers while the CPU/MPU does internal chores or just idles for a short time.

This is NOT the same as wired 'or' logic because when not in tri-state a buss buffer or data latch can drive both high (1) and low (0) logic. These buffers and latch's are part of the 'glue' logic that makes things work, and is abstracted from the software for the most part.