What is the maximum power an inductor can transfer in a SMPS?
With a fixed supply voltage and a fixed inductance and a known saturation current, you not only have the maximum energy that the coil can store:

$$E = 0.5 I_{sat}^2 L$$

but also how long it takes to charge the coil with that amount of energy:

$$t_{charge} = \frac{I_{sat} L}{V_{supply}}$$

The power transferred is equal to the energy per cycle divided by the cycle period, \$t_{charge} + t_{discharge}\$.

The discharge time depends on the output voltage, with higher voltages giving shorter times, but in any case, the total period cannot be shorter than \$t_{charge}\$, so this puts an upper limit on the maximum power transfer.

Continuous conduction mode does not change this; while it allows higher switching frequencies, the energy transferred per cycle is proportionally less.