Can I connect to my car's CAN bus with an ELM327 interface?
There is CAN bus exposed on OBDII pins 6 and 14:

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More likely the issue is communicating with the ELM interface. The ELM is simply a PIC microcontroller programmed to respond to modem-like commands and then interface with a CAN controller and transceiver. You will need to find software that interacts with the ELM and can give you a data dump.

The data you mention in the question are most likely on the CAN and/or K-line pins of the OBD connector. Note also it is common for there to be 2 or more CAN busses which may operate at different speeds. Only a diagnostic / ecu bus will be on the OBD pins 6+14. You will need to tap into the wiring for the body, entertainment, or instrument CAN busses if they exist.