Determine if motor is "stepper motor" or "DC motor"
The motor is a 3-phase, brushless DC motor. It could also be controlled as a permanent-magnet DC motor. The original board likely had some means for detecting the rotor position. I believe the least complicated control schemes depend of detecting the rotor position. The board switches the winding in a sequence that is an approximation of an AC waveform, but the process is called "electronic commutation." It might be possible to design a new board to replace the one that has been damaged, but that would be a rather challenging project. However it would be even more challenging to design a controller to work without sensing rotor position.

If the housing is sufficiently intact to hold the bearings in proper alignment, the motor could be used as an AC generator. It would generate a three phase voltages . The windings would need to be connected together in either a wye or delta configuration.

Re Connections

If the added connection table means that there is a direct connection that you can see or zero ohms between 1-2, 3-4 &amp; 5-6 and somewhat more than zero ohms but still a low resistance between 2-3,4-5 &amp; 6-1 the windings have a delta connection.