EEPROM returns 0 while trying to read anything
So I tried some more stuff. Eventually I tried to read the REMS using an arduino that worked after sending a dummy byte while trying to retrieve data.

I now tried the same with the TI board and it returned data.

Updated function for retrieving the REMS is now:

    //BLS_CODE_MDID = 0x90
    uint8_t wbuf[] = { BLS_CODE_MDID, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00 };

    SPI_Transaction transaction;
    uint8_t dummy[] = { 0 };
    uint8_t infoBuf[2];

    // Configure the transaction
    transaction.count = sizeof(wbuf);
    transaction.txBuf = wbuf;
    transaction.rxBuf = NULL;

    extFlashSelect();

    if (!SPI_transfer(masterSpi, &amp;transaction)) {
        return 1;
    }

    // Configure the transaction
    transaction.count = sizeof(infoBuf);
    transaction.txBuf = dummy;
    transaction.rxBuf = infoBuf;

    uint8_t ret = (uint8_t) (!SPI_transfer(masterSpi, &amp;transaction));
    extFlashDeselect();