Phone on a breadbord
The problem is quite likely related to your breadboard. They are not very good for high currents.

Why? Well there are a few reasons, but it all comes down to your components not being that well connected.

Firstly you inevitably have a bunch of thin wires going between everything. I highly doubt your average jumper wire is rated for 2A. But even if it is, we still have some other problems.

Then, each of those wires and components are only softly held by the hole in the breadboard. How much surface area of the lead is actually in contact with the conductor? Potentially not very much and this is repeated multiple times along the current path.

Finally there is the path between each hole on the board. We don't know how good that is, but it's also probably not designed for a very high current.

So all these little things are going to add up along the current path and when you finally reach your component, there simply isn't enough power for it.

What can you do? Well you could try re-arranging your breadboard to mitigate the issues. But really you are probably best off just building the PCB and soldering wires to it which you can then connect to your micro-controller on the breadboard.