Microphone saturation avoiding desired signal from being detected
We may need to separate the "microphone" from any amplifier/filter/quantizer that follows the microphone (where sound becomes electrons).

Sum a 1 volt interferer sinwave with 0.1 volt sinwave desired signal. Run combined signal into an amplifier with 0.5 volt linear range. Whenever the summed input is above 0.5 volt, the amplifier output is driven into saturation/clipping/rail/flatoutput/overload.

This happens regardless of the two frequencies, as long as there is NO FILTERING between microphone and amplifier. This effect is called "blocking", and is a requirement for cellphones to operate in high-energy RF situations, such as when the person sitting next to you is also using their cellphone.

Thus I pick option (3).

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Illustration of clipping/overloading/blocking







simulate this circuit &ndash; Schematic created using CircuitLab