How to block/allow an i2c data signal to pass on to another device
While pulling the clock line low might work for some instances, it highly depends on how the master and the slave are coded. It might result in failed arbitration attempts or freezing due to unexpected clock stretching.

There are two simple options. One, would be to connect the slave's Clock Line, through a transistor, as you would a simple level translating setup. But instead of connecting the transistor to always on, on a different voltage, the base will be connected to your controller's enable pin. If on, the SCL line is connected to the slave, allowing it to see the Clock Pulses. If off, the slave doesn't see any pulsing on the clock line, so sits idle, and the master doesn't see anything different on the line.



The other options are an i2c buffer, bus expander, or switch, with an enable pin. Some of those tend to require an extra i2c address byte to allow communication to the other side.