What makes RF transmission so efficient?
A receiver only needs to receive more energy than the background noise around it to be confident about whether a 1 or 0 was transmitted.
A typical signal threshold for mobiles is around -100 dBm, about 0.1 pW, 10-13 watts, whereas wifi/mobile transmitters are pumping out a good fraction of one watt.
That -100 dBm compares with the fundamental physical limit of -114 dBm in a 1 MHz bandwidth for the noise level of a perfect front end amplifier, a factor of 14 dB = 10-^1.4 = 25 times. That factor allows for a lot of inefficiency in the receiver of not being ideal, and losses from antenna to receiver.
The ratio of around a watt at the transmitter to pW at the receiver is the 'path loss' that all radio communication systems have to design around. If your transmitter is only mW, then the path has to be shorter. A TV transmitter pushing out 10s of kW has a much greater range.
Of course, there's more 'noise' in the environment than just the fundamental physical limit of resistor noise. There are transmitters operating on different frequencies. These are handled at the receiver by first of all making the antenna somewhat tuned, which rejects far off signals. Closer signals are rejected by RF filters before conversion in the receiver. Even closer signals are handled by channel filters after conversion in the receiver. Signals at the same frequency, are handled by correlation and error correction techniques in the receiver.
This hierarchy of noise rejection is ensured by the designers of the radio systems, and I emphasise Systems. When new radio systems are designed, the allocation of certain bands to certain geographical areas is based on limiting the interference of one system to adjacent systems, to that which can be handled by existing receivers.