Measure propagation velocity through finite transmission line
The equation is correct for transmission lines with distributed capacitance and inductance, but these quantities must be per metre, not just the values.

A line made of lumped components only acts as a transmission line when there are many discrete components per wavelength, I estimate at least 16 elements. While the equations should work for lumped component lines with very few lumps, they become a bit pointless. For such a short, finite transmission line, it would make more sense to consider it as a filter, with a phase shift between input and output terminals. Properly designed, at low frequencies, the phase shift will be linear with frequency, which is a flat delay. "Length", however you measure that, divided by time would give the speed of propagation. 

A few questions:

Why are you adding resistance? You should aim to start with a distortionless line. This is the same as having an all-real characteristic impedance. Unless your capacitors are very lossy, there should be no need for series resistors.

What is the line Z0?  

For any measurement, it is essential to terminate the line in its characteristic impedance before trying any measurements. It would also help to match the source impedance to the line Z0, if you're struggling 

Measuring it with an oscilloscope is going to be tricky. You are seeing the cumulative effect of filtering, loading of the source, reflections etc.