Is there an FPGA chip that has a built-in image sensor (or vice versa)?
The Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS (Design Automation Division EAS) researches "Vision System on Chip" (VSoC) devices.

The current devices is a 1 MegaPixel CCD image sensor with


analog pre-processing in the columns
configurable ADC
post-processing in a FPGA and
high-level processing in an ARM dual-core CPU (Xilinx Zynq-7000 platform).


sensor http://www.mikroelektronik.fraunhofer.de/fileadmin/_processed_/csm_NL_60_13_01_IIS_EAS_Vision-Sensor_f%C3%BCr_das_Kameramodul_final_61286ac0c9.jpg

It's a research platform.

Publications:


A 1 Megapixel HDR Image Sensor SoC with
Highly Parallel Mixed-Signal Processing