Choosing between voltage and current
We can't keep a standard voltage, because that voltage will not work for all applications. It will either be so low that we get absolutely enormous losses for power transmission, or it would be too high for the insulation in small electronic components. Or it is too high to be safe to touch, etc.

We can't always just adjust the resistance to adjust the current consumption, like you suggested. circuits/components will inherently have a specific impedance, and all circuits and/or components have a maximum power dissipation. Some loads may even have varying impedance, then how should you handle that if you already limited the current to it, using a resistor?

It's not explicitly impossible to choose a strategy that you ask for, but it does not make any sense, neither cost wise or technically or practically.