Why are there not more incompatibilities in 3.5mm audio jacks?
Headphones (without microphone) only use the 3 pin (stereo) type jack and these are all wired the same.

The assignment for the 3 left/right/ground conductors is standard.

The different standards relate to the 4th connection on headsets (with microphone). On an incompatible device, this is either unused or grounded. 

So there is no "lucky draw" otherwise there would be a market for adapter leads to connect your headphone to a certain device. And there isn't as the worst that can happen is that the microphone doesn't work. An adapter cannot solve that anyway.

Then you'd need to use a headset from another manufacturer, preferably one from the same manufacturer as your device.