Does wire color matter in electronics?
The colors do not matter electrically. A wire is a wire is a wire, regardless of the color of their insulation. The color of the wire itself may matter when you get into higher voltages, but that's about the type of metal used (aluminum vs copper conductivity, for example).

The colors may matter, for readability, adhering to standards, legal compliance. But that normally doesn't apply to individual projects. You can use red for ground and black for power, just be aware that someone may see it and be confused. The led strip doesn't care about the color, but it will when someone thinks well, red is positive and black is ground  so let me connect it the right way and something breaks when they connect it to the power source.