Motor controlled with a solid state relay not starting
The problem is that this SSR is rated for switching AC voltage and also switch on zero-crossing.

You are trying to switch DC voltage. Since the DC never crosses zero volts unless you interrupt the power, it never turns on. Also, it will depend on the load supply voltage to go to zero to turn off, your motor will not turn off unless you again interrupt the supply voltage.

You need a DC-switching SSR.