Alternatives to High Wattage Resistors? (Do multiple low-wattage resistors equal a single higher wattage resistor?)
Why yes, you can certainly combine multiple resistors to spread out the power dissipation.

I see you've planned to have 177.5V across and 6mA through R1.

You can parallel 5 resistors that will take 1.2mA each.

177.5V / 1.2mA gives 147916 ohms, probably 150k ohms will be close enough. Then put 5 of them in parallel. The overall resistance will work out to 30k ohms (150k / 5).

Note that 1/4W resistors, even though they're rated for 1/4W, can still get rather hot when dissipating 1/4W, enough to burn you. Make sure to leave room in between for airflow (don't just bunch them all up together).

Also note that you probably won't be able to turn the anode off with this circuit. And if you do manage to turn it off, your Arduino will be fried.