Charging a battery with kinetic energy (rotating wheel)
What you want is called a generator.  It is the reverse of a motor.  You turn the generator shaft and it produces electrical power.

The more tricky part is matching the power out of the generator to what will charge the battery without damaging it.  That's a much longer discussion with lots of tradeoffs.  At your apparent level, get a big enough and robust enough battery so that anything a small generator can put out won't damage it.  For example, anything you can crank with your hand can't put out enough power to hurt a car battery.

At the bare minimum, you need to put a diode (preferably a Schottky diode) between the generator and the battery so that the generator can only charge, not discharge, the battery.