In need for high variable capacitance
[...] and/or inductance in case I decide to go to the passive filter topology instead


Low noise is of paramount importance

(emphasis mine) These parts tell me you are aiming for an active filter approach, in which case you'll only need opamps, resistors, and capacitors. Between these three components, by far the easiest to tune are the resistors. Whether you choose a switching array approach, or a potentiometer, or some exotic voltage controlled JFET, or telekinesis, it's up to you, but you should know that your beginning (emphasis mine):

I am constructing a Chebyshev or Butterworth audio filter (low and high pass), but I need to have all parameters highly adjustable - especially Fo and Q

makes absolutely no sense. A Butterworth, or Chebyshev (or Pascal, Legendre, whatever other) filter implies fixed, well-known values for \$\omega_p\$ and \$Q\$, no matter the order. It's what makes a Bessel different than a Halpern, or any other. What you actually need is an adjustable filter, that's it.
However, you should know that using voltage controlled JFETs might sound like a good idea, but you also said that noise is &quot;paramount&quot;, and while you will find low-noise JFETs on the market, it's a semiconductor and it comes with its own baggage. Plus, when you also consider that the specs for JFETs are all over the place... But then so would analog switches, they are also FETs under the hood, and they also come with their own problems. Relays, as proposed in the comments, might be the better approach, if you can tolerate audible noise, bouncing, and the few ms delay. While potentiometers require manual intervention, but if that suits you, then you'll have to consider the dirt and all the mechanical factors. In short, anything that is more than a resistor, will come with both conveniences, and inconveniences.
So, as with anything in the engineering world, it comes down to what are you willing to pay, and how much, for a certain goal.
If you need a passive filter, you may as well forget it, switching capacitors or inductors in order to have variable parameters is such a bad idea, I won't even make more comments about it. So that leaves you with variable inductors and capacitors. The latter can be those old variable plate capacitors: they are manual, but you could add micro-motors for adjustment... Or varicaps, but good luck with those. And the former could be tuned with a variable core, but that introduces nonlinearities on top of the same problems with the capacitors.