Can I connect my Philips sound system to my Samsung tablet?
If you mean connecting your tablet via a 3.5mm jack, through headphone cable to the input on your speaker system, then yes, everything will work fine. The speaker system, as with most, is designed to take a low level input from audio devices such as PCs, laptops and mobile devices. You won't have any issues.

The 220V "power" you state is the voltage the device requires from the mains to operate, but this is not the voltage across the audio input, and will be on a separate, isolated loop to provide amplification to the input audio signal.