Procedure for finding the right MOSFET, diode and resistor to make a solenoid valve open/close?
There are several problems with your project which I won't address because there's one fatal flaw which is going to shut you down, and that's the operating speed of the solenoid, which is specified as 50 milliseconds.

The data sheet's a little sketchy, but if it takes 50ms to open the valve and another 50ms to close it, that's 100ms, which means that it'll take one second just to open and close a valve 10 times, not the 15 times per second you're looking for, and that's not even taking account of how long you want the valve to stay open and let whatever your medium is, flow.

To worsen the picture, any flyback diode you use will slow down the solenoid's return to its normally closed position, so at this point your chance of success looks slim. Sorry. :-(