The program doesn't work correctly when I toggle the pin via Set and Reset register
Your second example will generate a much higher frequency than the first, possibly higer than the 16 MHz of you logic probe.

The first example has to use a read-modify-write cycle for each pin toggle, which requires at least 3 instructions to execute.

The second example only needs a single write instruction for each set/reset, resulting in a 36 MHz pin toggle frequency for a 72 MHz MCU.