CAN bus connector issue
It's not possible to find your bug remotely. The schematic is correct.

However you already found out that one of the connectors is not working. One or both CAN signal lines seem to be broken. Are you sure the soldering is really OK? And are the contacts clean and in a good shape?

You should also measure the resistance of one of the signal lines between certain points, e.g. between somewhere on the PCB and the contact inside the connector. Also, your cable to connect the next node may be broken.