Simple current limiting regulator
The bigger question is what V tolerance and max power is used . 


the Power rating of R needed for a short circuit output. 
This will limit your power output on Q1 with short cct.
Zener power is a smaller issue and can operate at half power. 
hFE is a also a bigger issue for max Rbias / load R ratio. so 250 is much better than 100


Most of the power is dissipated in the transistor, then R ( in short circuit) and then Zener ( no load) 

Assume short cct output max current of 1A then what R value = 1/4W  for a 1/2 W part.


(1)  choose R near Zener rated voltage for 5mA or a bit more for accuracy ( not as asked for safe limit !! )
(2) Use Re = 0.55V / I rated   (NOT 0.7V) as cutoff base current is low. Iout/hfe^2


Below 1st example is bad during a short circuit and will burn 1/4W with 2.3W


2nd example does not. by using near 5mA Zener bias current.
using near 5mA typ datasheet rated current for Zener voltage of 13V.