Bare pin arduino breadboard connection
Yes it looks quite safe (providing you don't connect up anything badly on the breadboard of course)
The jumper cables are physically the same, just the colours are usually used to denote different rails/signals to make it easier to remember what is what (or on a wiring diagram the colour/signal relationships would be noted to enable someone to find the required signal easily)
Often you might use e.g. red for +V and black for -V, but you can use them as you wish.