How to use USB 5V output for 3.3V webcam module
Simply, you need a step down voltage converter.
One common one is called LDO, those are device are dropping the voltage at a set value by dissipation. The advantage is that they are small, you only need a single component and they are cheap. However, the conversion efficiency is low as the energy is wasted.
Another are called step down buck converter. Those are usually more expensive, takes more space but are more efficient. They also produce more switching noise.
There are plenty of other types but For your purpose, the step down buck converter is the way to go. You can check on digikey for dc/DC buck converter modules. There are thousands of them. Just make sure to select one that can output the current you need.