Analyse images before storing them in memory
The answer is trivially 'yes there is'. However, can you afford it?

If the save/dump criterion is as simple as 'average of all pixel values' > 128, then you may well be able to build it straight into the raft of buffers you will need to accept the image data from the sensors and handle the storage. If the save/dump criterion is 'does Google's online image recogniser see a dog?' then I doubt Google will let you have the bandwidth, and you will have to build an equivalent.

I suggest you code up your save/dump criterion in C, and see how fast it runs on a commercial PC. There's not the remotest possibility it will run fast enough, but it will let you see how many orders of magnitude you are short, and let you develop some benchmarks, and perhaps simplify the algorithm. 

Then port it to a massively multicore GPU, you might find you don't need too many. A few PC's, each containing a number of GPUs is going to be cheaper and easier to develop with than any bespoke FPGA based system. Once you've demonstrated a few GPUs won't cut it, then you go to a raft of FPGAs, or ask Alphabet nicely.