Differences between LM317, AMS1117 and L7805
They all work the same way. They limit the voltage to 5V and convert the rest to heat. While the LM317 can be adjusted to every voltage, the 7805 is fixed to 5V. If you need 5V then take the 7805 (less components needed). 

Linear regulators (like the ones you suggested) are a poor choice if you want to be power efficient. In your case (11-13.7V) they will convert more than 50% of the energy to heat. Much more efficient are buck converters, but they are a little bit more complicated to handle, more expensive and produce more noise.