sampling rate and frequency response of a vibration sensor
You need to sample at a (theoretical!) minimum of double the highest frequency you want to measure (Nyquist) and if there are components above half the sample rate they will be aliased down to lower frequencies. 

So you would be best to sample much higher than that and precede the ADC with an analog anti-aliasing filter. For example you could sample a 200ksps or 1Msps. The closer you get to the theoretical minimum sample rate, the more difficult the analog filter become to realize practically. 

Once you have the signal in the digital domain and free of aliasing you can apply digital techniques to decimate the signal if you want to reduce the amount of data generated, to flatten the response etc.