Identifying Feature on VGA PCB
I'm pretty sure they are carbon printed resistors. I've seen similar ones on display adapters. 
They do it so save parts to make it cheaper if they produce it in a high enough volume, because they can produce it using a single screen print process instead of 5 pick and place parts.
But if you want to get a precise value to reverse engineer the card i think you have no other choice but to measure the resistance. 

Here are some more infos about the topic (eevblog video).