Multiple identical parallel capacitors
You normally want a decoupling capacitor (usually ceramic) physically near to each power pin in order minimize the effects of parasitic inductance. This is why multiple capacitors are used.

Since the schematic isn't normally intended to reflect the physical layout, these capacitors are simply grouped together in a convenient place. Notes from the design engineer to the layout engineer (especially if they are different people) explain what is needed in terms of the physical layout. These notes can appear in the schematic itself, or in a separate design rules document.



There are other reasons to use multiple capacitors, too. These tend to come up more with respect to the larger capacitors (e.g., electrolytic) used in power-handling circuits, such as switching power supplies.


Sometimes a single capacitor won't fit in the space available, while multiple smaller capacitors will.
Sometimes a single capacitor won't be able to handle the AC (ripple) current, while multiple smaller capacitors will.