How to select clamping diodes
how to select the proper clamping diodes that will make sure the
output of this doesn't get too high and destroy my microcontroller.

Just look inside the red boxes I added to the schematic on page 1 of the data sheet and tell me why you think it might not be compatible without having to use diodes or zeners: -

Hint: the outputs cannot exceed the power rail (2.7 volt to 5.5 volt): -