Cheap alternative to limit inrush current (eg. relay bypassing a fixed resistor or MOSFET)
If the module you bought contains a real LTC3780, you do not need any downstream protection for it, as it is already short circuit protected.

If the chip on there is made of chinesium, and you do not trust it, you can try and hack the board to regulate the inrush current changing the cap connected to the SS pin. Limiting the inrush current will surely also limit the output current, saving the board.