Repeated dimmer switch fault following bulbs reaching end-of-life
Your problem is very strange. I wonder if the problem isn't that the dimmer failures are what's popping the circuit breaker, not the bulb failure per se. With 3 different brands of dimmer failing the same way I'd say it's pretty clearly not the dimmer fault, which suggests you need to look elsewhere. The only other candidate I see is the lamp wiring, and the fact that it's a string of sconces which fails while the ceiling lamps are OK supports this. I'd suggest you get an electrician to check it out. I don't see offhand how a wrong connection would do what you describe, but it seems the obvious suspect.