Does attraction of charges or voltage cause a current
Electrical current in a circuit or any conductor in general is due to a potential difference allowing atoms to "pass" electrons to each other, which results in a global trend of moving charged particles in one direction.

What makes a particular element more conductive than another is the ability of the atoms to easily (=without too much external energy needed) free or catch electrons. In macro-size world, it means that to create an electrical current of same value, a good conductor will need less potential difference than a bad conductor (or good dielectric). Hence the notion of "resistance".