Measuring voltage with dynamic voltage divider and Arduino with ADS1115
Additional hardware is needed to MUX ANALOG switches to a string of REsistors to selected sources for choosing an output with the necessary protection for OVP and ESD.
One additional input must be higher R to detect all inputs scaled low to determine which one to select with Reed Relays.
So the other way is to scale down all inputs to 5V max and then amplify all inputs too low back to 3V then scan all the sources to see which has overvoltage (5V max) then choose the next lower one.
There may be a smarter way. But this is more than the Arduino can do on its own without a fancy MUX shield. (IDK)  I did this in the late '70's for a rocket payload full of different batteries using a Rack of cards on a remote computer to two umbilical.  I did this using mercury wetted relays bundled on a card and after configuration scanned 96 every second.