How to use a graph of a wavefunction (psi) to create an approximate graph for potential (U)?
I figured it out. From the Schrodinger wave function, psi, we know the following:

$$-\frac{h^2}{2m_0}\frac{d^2}{dx^2}{\psi(x)}+U(x)~\psi(x)=E~\psi(x)$$

Where \$ E &gt; U, ~~~ {\psi(x)}=Ae^{jkx}+Be^{-jkx}\$

Which is sinusoidal/oscillating.

Where \$ E &lt; U, ~~~ {\psi(x)}=Ae^{kx}+Be^{-kx}\$

Which is not sinusoidal, it's exponential.

Now note in the first graph, regions 2, 4, and 6 have an oscillating wave and therefore E > U. On the contrary, regions 1, 3, 5, and 7 aren't oscillating and look exponential. So for each of these regions, they have a corresponding estimate whether U should be above or below \$E\$.