Mistake in reading a rms voltage
What you are reading is the DC peak voltage which is 1.414 times the AC input voltage, minus 2 volts for the diode drop in the rectifier. Your 1 K resistor must be the 300 watt size or it would bust into flames. In fact you should check your 1 K resistor to be sure it did not open up.

You do not have enough load to bring the voltage down. True RMS readings are done with special ICs like the AD736, which account for a distorted waveform as well as sine waves.

You could consider 70.7% of your DC reading as the RMS value, but it would not be accurate, especially with non-sine waves. You want true RMS, buy the low cost AD736 IC.