If the order of any component is altered in a series circuit, will the total voltage be affected?
To a first order no, but it somewhat depends on what do you mean by component and how are these connected in the series circuit.


Assuming all the components are two terminals and no parasitics to other parts of the circuit, then yes, KVL and KCL says that nothing would change. You need to add KCL as component voltages depend on their current (e.g., ohm's law).
If some components are non-linear (e.g, LEDs), but still two terminals and placed in the same order with respect to the circulating current, then yes, KVL and KCL says that nothing would change.  
But, if the components are more than two terminals, even if there is no current through that extra terminal (e.g., FETs) then no, as the voltage with respect to that terminal can change the component's I(V) curve.
And, if there is current through that terminal or any other branch connected to the series circuit, then of course not.