Are countries that use 2-pin plugs less safe than countries that use 3-pin plugs given that the earth is missing?
That is actually an interesting question. 

The truth is... it is complicated.

Consider the following three connection systems.







simulate this circuit &ndash; Schematic created using CircuitLab

The first is your typical appliance with a three pin plug and a grounded case. If there is a short from the live line to the case the line is shorted out and hopefully there is a breaker in there somewhere that will trip. This type of connection will prevent you from being electrocuted, but may cause overheating and a fire in the cables if the breaker system is not up to snuff.

Option 2 uses two pins, that is no ground connection. Obviously if the case is metal and there is a short to the case, you will be electrocuted if you touch the case. However, it is usual for such devices to be double-insulated such that two insulation faults must occur. Alternatively, all exterior parts should be non conductive. However, none of the latter is guaranteed, especially with cheap stuff like table lamps and the ilk.

However, the only reason you get a shock from option 2 is because the power system is referenced to ground.  The third illustration shows how, in an isolated power system, you will not get a shock from touching the case since ,by doing so, you will not complete a circuit back to the transformer. In order to be shocked in this system you need to touch both lines.

So, that should take care of your electrical question.

As to whether the country is any safer, that is a whole different question.