Beginners advice for process and tooling to make small PCBs
By your description, you seem to have multiple steps merged together.

The usual steps are:


Using an appropriate CAD program (Eagle or KiCAD, for example), draw your schematic and produce a netlist. (somewhere around here you associate PCB footprints with the schematic components) (also, choose specific parts, ensure they are available in the package you want, think about an enclosure for the product...)
In the PCB design part of the CAD package, read in the netlist, place componens on the board (an image on the screen at this point), and draw the necessary tracks to interconnect the parts.
When the board layout is complete, produce the Gerber photoplot files and drill file that the board shop will use to make your bare board.  Order the boards.
When you get the bare boards, install the parts on one or two boards, and test them for proper operation.
If if doesn't work, go to Step 1, make corrections, order more boards...etc.
For quantity production, find an assembly shop to build the boards for you.


I'm sure I've left out some vital steps.