How would I be able to measure the current using this setup?
Yes, you can solder in 0 ohm for normal use and remove the &quot;resistor&quot; when you want to measure the current.
Or you use a small shunt resistor (depending on your load conditions, e.g. 1 ohm). This will let you use the circuit normally with just a litte but of voltage drop over your resistor. The resistor has to be chosen to drop only so much voltage, that you circuit will still be functional under full load. Then you can just use a voltmeter to measure the voltage drop to calculate your current whenever you want, without having to remove the resistor.
With Ohm's Law and 1 ohm for example you have a voltage drop of (1 V/A).