ADC and DAC center frequency upper limit
The "center frequency upper limit" as you call it (the manufacturers simply refer to this as "analog bandwidth") is determined by the analog side of the ADC or DAC. This would include any filters, buffer amplifiers, and sample/hold circuits, as well as the characteristics of the internal and external wiring.

Accurate operation at high frequencies requires careful attention to a lot of details, because transmission-line effects come into play at smaller scales.