How does being exposed to strong radiations effect nanosatellite electronics equipment?
The electronics of a satellite can be changed by radiation because   radiation can be just photon and photons can excite electrons or holes creating unwanted error.
Radiation can be electrons or positrons and if it is positrons (β+) they can annihilate with electrons or if it is electrons they can fill holes which is not good in semiconductors.
There are different type of shieldings for different type of radiation.
Just Google how to protect from different kind of radiations.
And those mentioned are just the simplest case there could be α radiation but the changes are more for the CSE.