What am I misunderstanding in electrical circuits regarding voltage/current/resistance
Regarding:


  Not only that, but my current that passes through the resistor is not even 1A anymore, now it's only 0.5A, which means it has only 0.5V of 'ability' left! So what's going on here?


You are correct in that the current splits, and each resistor (in this particular case) has 0.5 A going through it, but the voltage there does not split, by \$ V = IR\$, half an amp of current through a two Ohm resistor means there is still 1 Volt across those resistors.