USB host support for STM32
If you need USB host capabilities, than look for MCUs which support USB_OTG_HS or USB_OTG_FS - those support both device and host functions and can switch between them even On The Go according to your SW.
There are many STM32s that support these functions. I would recommend using one of the STM32 MCU selector or CubeMX tools for looking up parts that support these features.