About impedance matching for high frequency and divider effect
Your oscilloscope measurements show that your source is not impedance-matched.

To avoid reflections due to impedance mismatch at the load, I recommend to simply design this as a 75-Ohm system:







simulate this circuit &ndash; Schematic created using CircuitLab

If no (or very little) reflection comes back from the destination end, it won't cause any issues to have the source not impedance-matched, and you will get your full 5-V signal at the destination end (provided the source is able to drive a 75-Ohm load, which your oscilloscope measurements show it is).

You will need choose a coaxial cable with 75-Ohm characteristic impedance, and it will be connectorized with 75 Ohm BNC connectors. According to Wikipedia these connectors "can be made to" intermate with 50-Ohm BNC, but to avoid damaging things you might prefer to use an adapter at the source end. Since your load has a 75-Ohm termination, its connector ought to be the 75-Ohm type also, but it would be wise to double-check.