Can I power an ESP32 through the Vin pin?
Vin on Arduinos, and on this kind of &quot;compatible&quot; ESP-32 boards, is connected to a voltage regulator on the board, in your case the AMS1117, which is a linear regulator with 3.3V on its output. You can google it to see its specs.
As it is a linear regulator, I wouldn't put too high a voltage on the regulator's input, as it may run hot. It is a low-drop-out regulator, and should work properly with 5V as input voltage.
You could also use the USB to power the board, of course.