Choosing inductor to limit inrush current
No you should not use an inductor to limit the inrush current to your circuit for a lot of reasons, one of them being that it could actually induce ringing (oscilations) in your circuit.

First of all you should ask yourself; why do you even want to limit the inrush current? It would only serve to protect the thing that is supplying the 12v power to your circuit and since you dont know what is going to supply the 12v you dont know what the limitations of that thing is in terms of peak current either. If the thing you use to supply the 12v to your circuit has a limitation on the peak current that it can handle then the protection should be on the output of that device not on the input of yours.

You should also considder that what ever you use to supply 12v to your device is going to have an output resistance greater than 0ohm and that is generally what is going to dictate how large the inrush current will be. You should only think of reducing the inrush current if you know that you are going to supply power from a device that is capable of producing a larger peak inrush current than that device is capable of handling.

If you want filtering on the input of your circuit you should use a common mode choke, if you want to get rid of switching noise from the 12v source then you should put some low esr/high frequency caps in parallel with the caps on your input, and if you want to reduce the ripple on your input then you should put more caps on.

In the case that you absolutely need to limit the inrush current on your device then you should use a transistor or a resistor, generally you dont want to use a resistor because it is going to also reduce your efficiency due to the power lost in the resistor. The way it is usually done is with a transistor which at the same time function as a reverse polarity protection.