Cathode Interpretation Contradiction
There is an unfortunate discrepency in the history of the words.

In electrochemical devices such as batteries and electrolysis tanks anode and cathode are determined by the direction of ion/electron movement within the cell.  Electrons and negative ions move through the electrolyte toward the anode while positive ions move toward the cathode.  This means that when a battery is discharging vs. charging, the anode and cathode switch places.  Technically an open circuit battery has no anode or cathode as no charges are moving.

In semiconductor diodes anode and cathode refer to the doping.  N-doped is always the cathode and P-doped is always the anode regardless of the direction of current flow.

One more bit of confusing terminology: anions are species attracted to anodes, and therefore negatively charged.  Cations are positive ions.