USB transceiver helps me to update firmware program to microcontroller via USB interface?
The USB transceivers are built-in to the STM32F1 series and you don't need an external phy. You can use the USB for programming if you load a bootloader first. ST has tools for loading from the bootloader. 

You will either need to use the USART, JTAG or SWD interface to initially load a bootloader or just load the flash. 

Here is a tutorial for loading from the USART

If not then use your favorite compiler/debugger and the JTAG or SWD inteface with the ST-link programmer