How much amperage can pass through a current limiter
I am not familiar with aeronautical current limiters, but it sounds like they are similar to fuses or circuit breakers.  Regardless of the details, any series connection through two current-limiting devices will limit at the lower of the two ratings.  The current-carrying capabilities will not add.

However, I just looked at this document (FAA - Aircraft Electrical Systems), and on page 9-59 they show a "main battery bus" and an "isolation bus", connected in series, with a current limiter at each end.  These two busses are connected together and fed at the junction.  This may look like a single series connection, but in this case the current feeding the junction can equal the sum of both the current limiter ratings.

I would make sure that you and your instructor agree on what kind of connection you are looking at.