How can I repair a ceramic capacitor?
The damaged area looks like a mount pad for a (desoldered/fell off)
electrolytic capacitor.   The C490 designation indicates a capacitor,
the white bar indicates its polarity, and it is a smaller package than
the nearby electrolytic capacitor (also C1xx marked, but the
number is obscured by the component) that has a (+) marking
on top.    

Not enough info to know what to put in its place, but typically
47uF/16V would be expected.   There's a LOOSE PART in the works,
which should be found and removed (and it might have a useful 
marking to guide replacement).