Temperature reading for weatherstation
Resistance temperature detector (RTD) 

Historically, this has been the preferred solution for temperature sensing with the kinds of accuracy you desire.

If you want to build an RTD signal conditioning circuit out of OpAmps, this application note might help.  There are also ADCs with integrated front ends for RTD. 

 Precision thermistors 

Over the last two decades, the thermistor materials have improved, and we have thermistors which can achieve ±0.1°C accuracy.
This thermistor, for example.