Setting MSP-430 toolchain in linux
All the tools are in your apt repository:

$ sudo apt-get install gcc-msp430 msp430-libc mspdebug msp430mcu


And if you want to do debugging:

$ sudo apt-get install gdb-msp430


Better still, install either Energia (the "official" IDE for the Launchpad) or the more advanced UECIDE.