FPGA able to send data, but unable to receive data. (UART - RS232)
Since you can't debug Verilog the way you can with C and a microcontroller, you need to take incremental debugging steps...


If you just assign LED 1, does the LED turn on and stay on?
Is data being read at all? Maybe just toggle the LED if any character comes in
Make sure these work and them move on to 0x24


My advice is to take baby steps when debugging, especially with a hardware description language.