Program a 27c512 eeprom?
AFAIK Memories don't have an instruction set. Thy may have some commands to do a bulk erase or so.

In your case you have to know how big is your program/data and what addresses it will occupy.

You don't need a compiler. All you need is:


Device programmer (physical hardware)
Your data to be programmed in i-HEX format or 
Your data to be programmed in S-record format or
Your data in binary format


Here are your answers taken from the device datasheet:

 



Edit: On second thoughts: you can build your own programmer as I did long time back using dip switches, de-bounce circuit, push-button for PGM and LOTS of TIME :)