What tests for a defective IC may be done with only a multimeter?
You may or may not have fried the 555.

Start by changing out the timing capacitor so you will have about 0.5 sec ON, 0.5 sec OFF, and see if you see blinkenlight.

If that doesn't fix it, swap out the 555.

Now I'll give you the punchline.

You are almost certainly not going to be able to do what you want with a stock 555.  It has leakage currents that are too high compared to the very, very low charging and discharging currents you will have to use with your timing capacitor to achieve 30 minutes on, 30 minutes off.  Or even get anywhere near that.

You MIGHT be able to do it with a TLC7555 (I think: essentially a CMOS 555).  I kinda doubt it, though.

You will have a MUCH easier time with a baby PIC running a timing loop.  Or even a 555 driving a 4040 (I think) CMOS counter.