24vac to 24vdc with bridge rectifier BUT
You will need a much bigger diode than a 1N4007, which is only rated at 1A.  You will need at least 5A for your specification.  Given that motors can draw a large surge current when starting, larger still would be better.  Maybe 10A.

Try it without a capacitor.  Motors will run on ripply DC.  A big capacitor would boost your 24V up as high as 33V, which won't help.

Are you sure your power supply is really 24V AC?  I have never seen such a thing as an AC adaptor for a laptop.