Does position of resistor matter in this schematic?
Depending on the frequency that a trace is operating at, it is either 'long', or 'short'.

If it is 'short', then it's a 'node'. All points of the connection are at the same voltage. It has a stray capacitance to ground, which is roughly proportional to length. The order of components along the connection on the schematic has no relation to their order on the PCB - why should it, they're all at the same voltage.

If it is 'long', say more than 1/10th of a wavelength, then you need to consider the transmission line effects. The voltage varies along the trace. The order of components matters. It has an impedance which is constant, not a capacitance. A line like this tends to be drawn differently on a schematic, not a simple thin connection, but a thick line, usually with a note about its impedance.

At 16MHz, these crystal oscillator connections are very short, so they are simply nodes. PCB ordering does not matter. In this particular case, a crystal oscillator needs to minimise the stray capacitance at each terminal, so the traces need to be physically short to achieve that. The resistor goes electrically in parallel with the crystal, and it is left to the PCB layout designer whether it's easier, physically, which way round to lay out the crystal and the resistor.

Typically this resistor provides DC continuity across the crystal, in order to bias the amplifier on the chip that makes it oscillate. Some chips provide this resistor internally, some don't.