Hot-plugging power kills switch-mode converter
Your cables are inductive, and you will have an inrush to charge your capacitors. When the inrush stops the inductive cables will generate a voltage overshoot.
LT has an excellent application note on the issue.
https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/application-notes/an88f.pdf
However; The application note highlights high-esr capacitors as a solution. I disagree with that, as ESR is a parameter that changes during the lifetime of the capacitor. I recommend using a TVS diode.