Bluetooth module throughput / UART baud rate? How fast is it?
UART Baud rate is the TX/RX rate between the host controller and the tranceiver. (Not the BT physical link speed). The maximum UART baud rate of this BT UART is just under 1 Mbps. This is the maximum throughput from the MCU (Host device) to the UART. 

Bluetooth 3.0 uses an 802.11 (wifi) physical link for data transfer, in the Bluetooth 4.0 spec this is refered to as the HS (high speed) mode. With the other two modes being Classic and Low Energy.

This tranceiver supports Classic and LE mode , and does not offer the high throughput of the Bluetooth 3.0 (HS). The Description of the module is Bluetooth 4.0 Dual mode Module further indicating that HS support is not intended.