What extra circuitry is recommended for a plain micro SD card adapter
Well from an electrical standpoint, you probably want series termination resistors like 22 ohm close the the SD card, you may require pullups on the data and clk lines depending on the microcontroller. Also a 0.1uF cap from Vcc to Gnd very close the the SD card.
But that single 1G file is a huge risk. If you can make it smaller that is much better. I'm not 100% sure but the SD card may need to rewrite the whole file every time. That will burn up the write cycles on the card as well as make it error prone.