Single pulse at low/high transit
Connect one end of a capacitor to your signal. Connect the other end to a resistor, and the other end of the resistor to ground. Take your output as the voltage across the resistor.

The current through a capacitor is proportional to the derivative of the voltage across it, while the voltage across the resistor is proportional to the current through it. The resistor voltage won't quite be the derivative of your input voltage, but it will give you the narrow pulse you want.