MOSFET without gate resistors?
No, it would not work.
And it is not about gate pull-down or series resistors, these could be left off, as nothing bad should happen even if the gate floats for a few milliseconds after connecting power and before the MCU configures the pin as output. This floating can also be pevented by if there is a large resistor, like in the order of 1 megaohm to keep the idle state.
The problem is that the FET should be of P type instead of N type to switch it on and off reliably.