Voltage rating and tantalum vs ceramic capacitor on the output of a switching voltage boost stage
No. Ceramic caps other than C0G/NP0 have reduced capacitance with DC bias. Tantalums do not have DC bias but explode at the slightest overvoltage.
I don't see why you can't use an polymer electrolytic.
Tantalums have higher volumetric capacity than ceramics, but better frequency characteristics than electrolytics...but as mentioned, the are very sensitive to overvoltage. I don't think they are that popular anymore.