How to check ferrite beads?
In specification defined only maximum value of DCR: 550 mOhm. So, does
  the difference in DCR matter?


That totally depends on your target circuit and what it maximum DCR it can live with to function/perform to expectations.


  Why in spec don’t specified inductance and on Characteristic Curve no
  value of impedance 1000 Ohm?


Sure it's there - see the "X" curve - that is the inductive reactance versus frequency.


  Also why can exist such difference between two components from
  different reels?


The spec says maximum DCR of 0.55 ohms so why shouldn't you expect a typical DCR range from 0.17 to 0.46 ohms? If you looked at a MOSFET spec for its on-resistance I bet you could get a up to a 3 to 1 variation between min and max.