Read strings from ATmega or Arduino
If you read out the ATmega's binary program, and store it in a file, strings will work.

Often C is used to program ATmega's, and it will store strings in exactly the same way as strings are stored on by C on Linux. They are '\0' terminated sequences of bytes, usually ASCII. It is such a useful string format, that people often do the same thing with assembler.

It is many years since I looked at the details, but the strings program used to work by looking for '\0' characters, then reading backwards over plausible ASCII characters.