Binary coded decimal ICs
I can think of three ways to do this. I'll start from the most expensive and complicated and work my way down.


All Logic IC's: Use a parallel-load 9-bit up/down binary counter (such as 3x 74hc190) and a 3-digit resettable BCD counter (3x 74hc163). Load the binary counter with your 9-bit number, and clear the BCD counter to 0. Clock both counters until the binary counter reaches zero. Load the output of the BCD counter into a latch, and then feed it to a BCD-7seg decoder. Repeat.

Pros: 

Meets requirement of only using standard logic IC's
Requires no programming

Cons:

Expensive (The counter chips are about $1-2 each)
Prone to wiring failure
Requires a clock signal of 31kHz for 60Hz refresh
Requires 8-12 Logic IC's (I'll draw a schematic later)



ROM Look-Up Table: Use a small parallel asynchronous FLASH memory (such as this one) to take all data inputs as an address, and then program the ROM to generate BCD outputs for 2 digits. Feed the result into a BCD-to-7seg decoder. Alternatively, use one ROM to generate a single decimal digit decoded into 7-segment pins. 

Pros:

Fairly cheap price per digit
Scales better
Fast (but speed doesn't really matter)
Simple to wire/design

Cons:

Each ROM requires different programming
Need to buy a much larger ROM than needed
Programming requires computer automation.



Microcontroller: A simple microcontroller with enough inputs and outputs can convert the binary number into BCD, and then encode it into 7-segment control signals. The cheapest solution (My digikey search picked out this PIC) will multiplex the output digits. You may need transistors to drive the common anode/cathode of your 7-segment displays, but those can be cheap transistors.

Pros:

The cheapest solution at $1.50 - $2.00 total
Simple Wiring
Ease of implementing Binary->BCD algorithm in software
Easy to add more functionality
Least expensive system for driving the display

Cons:

A chip programmer is required
You need to write software (not just a hardware problem)
The cheapest solution requires digit multiplexing, which is more complicated than direct drive.





I'll draw up some schematics later