Can't reproduce resisted power circuit on breadboard
Take a look at your PCB.
You see the orange/brown circles with holes in them. These are copper pads where you can solder stuff. You knew that already.
But notice the lighter green areas in between the pads? That's copper with solder-mask on top of it. All the pads in each row are connected! That means your resistors are shorted out.
Maybe you didn't notice the connection, because usually these breadboard PCBs don't have solder mask. Most of them just have copper in between the pads, which is easy to spot.