Difference between these counters 74LS196 and 74LS197
As the datasheet says, one (74LS196) is a divide by 10 counter the other one (74LS197) is a divde by 16 counter.


  The SN54/74LS196 decade counter is partitioned into divide-by-two and divide-by-five
   sections which can be combined to count either in BCD (8, 4, 2, 1)
  sequence
   or in a bi-quinary mode producing a 50% duty
   cycle output. The
  SN54/74LS197
    contains  divide-by-two  and  divide-by-eight  sections  which
  can
   be combined to form
   a modulo-16 binary counter. ... 


I.e. 


the 74LS196 will count 0, 1, 2, 3, ..9, 0, 1, 2,...
the 74LS197 will count 0, 1, 2, 3, ..15,0, 1, 2,...


Note: The 74LS196 has also a bi-quinary mode counting 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 0,...