Does Drupal have some kind of Structure system?
If you're new to Drupal, you might have a hard time getting your head around the (amazing) Panels module, and things like "context", etc. But it sounds that's part of what you're looking for. Watch the videos about Learn Page manager for more details. After you reviewed these videos, you should understand various features that come with the Panels module ... but also its challenges.

As an alternative, you may want to give it a try to see how far you can get with any (or all?) of these modules:


Display Suite (a typical alternative for using Panels).
DataTables used in combination with Views (especially because of its client side search facilities).
You might want to check also to what extend the features provided by Organic Groups module might help in your case.


Fairly sure that at some point you should also look at the Rules and Flag module.

Video tutorials


For anybody not familiar (enough/yet) with Rules, checkout the 32 (!!!) great (+ free) video tutorials Learn the Rules framework, organized in 7 chapters.
Possibly also the similar set of 8 video tutorials about the Flag module, often considered as a natural complement to the Rules module.
The amazing set of videos to Learn Organic Groups might help to better understand what Organic Groups is all about.
While you're there, why not also review the set of 30 video tutorials about the Views module.