creating a view showing nodes referenced from the currently selected node
Reverse Node References is indead a good solution as it should provide what your are asking for. It's documentation describe how to use for that exact purpose: query children nodes referencing a parent node matching a filter.

Another solution is the Node Referrer module which will create a auto-populated fields on the parent content type with references to all the nodes referencing it. You can then build a view using this field to create a relationship to the children nodes.