cache : "drush cr" versus admin toolbar "flush all caches"
Drush's cache-rebuild command does the following:


Clears the APC cache
Bootstraps Drupal
Calls drupal_rebuild()
Clears the Drush cache (to maintain consistency with Drupal 7's drush cache-clear command)


Source: https://drupalize.me/tutorial/clear-drupals-cache?p=2512.

In drupal 8 it is recommended to use cache-rebuild instead of cache-clear.
Your dev settings shouldn't matter for this.

in drupal 8 the drush cc all is deprecated and yo should always use drush cr.