Create a distribution
Actually, the drupal.org link above will work. At the bottom of the page there is a section that discusses bringing configuration files into the install directory. You can use Drupal Console (DC) to create the configuration files like this:

drupal config:export


It will put all the configurations in the public folder unless you specifiy a directory.

https://hechoendrupal.gitbooks.io/drupal-console/content/en/commands/config-export.html

https://www.drupal.org/docs/8/creating-distributions/how-to-write-a-drupal-8-installation-profile

EDIT 

Also, I've added a Drupal.org page has a lot of resources for creating a distribution. On the sidebar it lists common make errors and other useful links.

If you check the release download page of your distribution, you can find the Drupal packager error messages if you send a distribution for packaging.

A lot of this needs to be learned by trial and error. I've spent a fair amount of time on this and still haven't gotten the hang of things.

https://www.drupal.org/node/642116

EDIT

Also, there appears to be something called drupalorg_drush. It's a drush extension that helps build a replica of what drupal.org would do with your distribution files should you upload them to your project's Git repository. However, at the time of this writing, Drupal 8 version is not available.