Integrate simplenews and rules
It seems like you don't really understand what a patch is and how you can use them. You can read about the basics at https://drupal.org/node/620014. Basically, this is a general definition of a patch:


  A "patch file" is a specific kind of file that contains code that is
  used to modify one or more existing files for a Drupal module.


You can use a special program to apply a patch, but I prefer applying them manually. You can find some more detailed information at https://drupal.org/node/534548.

In the patch you refer to, you find for example

+++ simplenews_rules/simplenews_rules.info
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+; $Id$
+name = Simplenews rules
+description = Provides integration with Rules module for Simplenews.
+dependencies[] = simplenews
+dependencies[] = rules
+package = Mail
+core = 6.x


That means you should add the code (without the "+" signs) after @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ at the top (after the "0th" line) of the simplenews_rules/simplenews_rules.info file. If the file doesn't exist yet, simply create it with your favourite code editor at the mentioned directory. I'm using Notepad++, for example.