Having each child record inherit (display) data elements from a parent record
There are several modules to use in conjunction. 

Firstly, you need Entity Reference and its dependency, Entity API
https://www.drupal.org/project/entity
https://www.drupal.org/project/entityreference

Install those two modules the normal way. 

Others have written add on modules for entity reference such as Entity Reference Prepopulate:
http://drupal.org/project/entityreference_prepopulate
That module can be helpful for prepopulating values for the entity reference fields you create.

So after you've installed the modules you can go to the Manage Fields page for you Program content type, and add a new Entity Reference field. 

Might call this field "Company"



Click Save

On the field settings page, Select the Target type (entity type) as "Node" 
For the Target bundles (content types in the case of node) select your Program content type
Optionally you can chose to sort the options for the entity reference field by a property of the node such as title. 



Click Save

On the next screen you can set the default Company for the Reference field, or you can configure add modules such as Entity Reference Prepopulate to configure defaults based on context.



Click Save

Now you can edit or create Program nodes and reference a company node from them. 

For this example I had created a Company node called "A Company"