Get all fields for a given content type including title
The node title is not a field handled from the field API. If you want to know if a content type has a title, you can use the following code.

$types = node_type_get_types();

if (isset($types[$content_type]) &amp;&amp; $types[$content_type]-&gt;has_title) {
  $title = $types[$content_type]-&gt;title_label;
}


The code you are looking for is the same code used by Drupal to sort the fields (and extra fields) in admin/structure/types/manage/article/fields.



The function that handles that page is field_ui_field_overview_form(). 

Basing on the code of that function, I wrote the code you would need to get the list of fields, and extra fields, with their label, and weight.

  $fields = array();
  $instances = field_info_instances('node', $content_type);
  $extra_fields = field_info_extra_fields('node', $content_type, 'form');

  // Fields.
  foreach ($instances as $name =&gt; $instance) {
    $field = field_info_field($instance['field_name']);
    $fields[$instance['field_name']] = array(
      'title' =&gt; $instance['label'],
      'weight' =&gt; $instance['widget']['weight'],
    );
  }

  // Non-field elements.
  foreach ($extra_fields as $name =&gt; $extra_field) {
    $fields[$name] = array(
      'title' =&gt; $extra_field['label'],
      'weight' =&gt; $extra_field['weight'],
    );
  }


Notice that the extra fields don't contain just the title, but every extra field for which a module returned information in hook_field_extra_fields(). There are modules that add fields to the node editing form, and implement hook_field_extra_fields() to allow the users with the right permission to decide the order in which their fields appear. For example, if you have installed the Mollom module, the page I shown in the previous screenshot becomes the following one.



Notice also that it is easy to notice which fields are not implemented using the field API if you look at admin/structure/types/manage/article/fields: For those fields, the Field column doesn't contain a link. That is what happens for the fields labelled Title, and Mollom.