How can I pass multiple values to drupal_view()?
You can't pass an array. You have to implode the array to a string first. And use '+' as glue for OR and ',' as glue for AND. Like '1+2+3' or '1,2,3'. And maybe you also have to enable Allow multiple values in your view (in the very bottom of the contextual filter screen).

I have try that and it works but I'm not sure it's very clear:

{% set arguments = '' %}
{% set i = 0 %}
{% for item in content.field_articles_lies['#items'] %}
    {% if i == 0 %}
        {% set arguments = item.entity.nid.value %}
    {% else %}
        {% set arguments = arguments ~ "+" ~ item.entity.nid.value %}
    {% endif %}
    {% set i = i + 1 %}
{% endfor %}

{{ drupal_view('articles_lies', 'default', arguments) }}