How can I detect a "page's" content type?
A few quick answers to your questions:


If you view source on any page, you should see a class name on the body element, something like: node-type-article. This is one way to see the content type. Also, if you edit a page, you'll see that the edit title will look something like this: Edit [content type] [title]
Alternatively, navigate to: [domain]/admin/content to see a list of all content, which includes the 'type' column
The "clone content" link content comes from a module called "node clone" https://www.drupal.org/project/node_clone, designed to allow in-place duplication of content (fields that should not be duplicated are reset to safe values)
There is another module that will allow you to export/import nodes between drupal installs: https://www.drupal.org/project/node_export It's probably not worth it to get into this unless you have quite a lot of content to move.