Complex view based off of Node Reference
First add the node reference field as a relationship. That will enable the node reference field to be added as a contextual filter.

You can use EVA module to attach the view to your node page, which will automatically pass the node ID to the view (which your contextual filter should pick up and show only images referencing that node).

You can checkout Is there a good tutorial for "Entity Views Attach Module"? for more info on EVA