How to get project's data from packages.drupal.org
Yes, the Composer documentation on repositories describes this mechanism, specifically, the provider-includes and providers-url properties. 

These properties describe the package indexes &amp; the URL pattern used for look up, for example:


https://packages.drupal.org/8/packages.json (root index)
https://packages.drupal.org/8/drupal/provider-2018-2%24082d3c8e1745428fcd819891137e88683576066b00ed52bd80811943e98e8d08.json (first index)
https://packages.drupal.org/8/drupal/commerce%24f8b852956418601bb4d985203d4138a18e2bfc0ae1b67b249a667228190fd26f.json (a specific package with all its releases)