Insert a view into a block or a node using a shortcode
Your problem seems to be one of passing in context.

A better option is to install either the Display Suite Module, or Page Manger with Panels. It is great for passing context and creating custom views outputs on your node .With both of these options you have far more control, and if you invest in learning the ins and outs of at least one of them you will not be sorry.

I will walk you through using Display Suite:

Install CTools' Views content panes. Create a base view that lists whatever you need listed, then add a Content Pane (from CTools) to the view. Add a relationship to the term in question, and then any and all contextual filters that would be needed. Lastly, under PANE SETTINGS in views, click on Argument input, select From context for each of the contextual filters, and slect the required context for each of them.

Install Display Suite. In the display of your node type, select a layout (one column should be fine) to activate display suite to render that view mode. Create a new dynamic field. Drag it to wherever you want it displayed. Click on the gear next to it, and at the top would be a Edit content link. Click that, and select View panes, then the view you just created. It will then ask for you to select the context for each of your views contextual filters. Node being viewed is what you select.

Now when you view the node it pulls in that view with the required contextual filters and displays its output as a field.