CKEditor does not work
You have done everything I would have done. 

Try a different path to ckeditor library. Install the libraries module and put the ckeditor library under libraries/ckeditor/ckeditor.js.

Try uninstalling the Drupal CKEditor module and go with the WYSIWYG module and see if that helps.

Also, try with different versions of jQuery. Sometimes the newer versions (1.9+) conflict with a lot of modules, though 1.7 which you are using is the sweet spot I have found.

And lastly try with an older version of CKEditor plugin.