How to use "replacement tokens" created for a Message type in Views?
"To add profile pics of both user/team member or the email or any information in the view ..." (as in your question), you cannot use the replacement tokens (= @utilisateur and @equipier in your case). These tokens can only be used as part of your Message Text (as you are already doing), as indicated also via  ... which the message text makes use of ... on the Message Types form where you enter those tokens.

However, Messages are fieldable entities. So what you can do is like detailed in the steps below ...

Step 1:

Define a field in your Message Type corresponding to each of those tokens. As an example, add fields similar to these (for equipier and for utilisateur), with machine names like so:


field_equipier_user_name.
field_equipier_user_id.
field_utilisateur_user_name.
field_utilisateur_user_id.


Your replacement tokens appear to be uid values, note that I'm using a similar uid, but also the name as an alternative (it could as well be an eMail field, etc).

Step 2:

Extend your rule to also perform a Rules Action like "Set a data value" (for each of your fields you added in the previous step). To continue the example, add these actions in your existing rule:

 ,
{ "data_set" : {
    "data" : [ "log-fin-intervention:field-equipier-user-name" ],
    "value" : [ "user:name" ]
  }
},
{ "data_set" : {
    "data" : [ "log-fin-intervention:field-equipier-user-id" ],
    "value" : [ "user:uid" ]
  },
{ "data_set" : {
    "data" : [ "log-fin-intervention:field-utilisateur-user-name" ],
    "value" : [ "user:name" ]
  }
},
{ "data_set" : {
    "data" : [ "log-fin-intervention:field-utilisateur-user-id" ],
    "value" : [ "user:uid" ]
  }


Step 3:

Extend your view to also add those extra Message Type fields to your view (as extra fields of your view. Be aware: if later on you add more fields to your Message Type (and rule and view afterwards also), you'll only have actual values in the corresponding columns of the Views results for message that were created after you added those extra fields.

BTW, the Views error near the end of your question seems like a different question (not addressed in this answer ...).

PS: this answer applies to D7 ...