cache_token table doesn't exist after Drupal 6 to Drupal 7 upgrade
After enabling back your module have you run update.php to ensure all needed queries are executed ?
It seems its the first update the token module runs.

/**
 * Add the cache_token table.
 */
function token_update_7000() {
  $schema['cache_token'] = drupal_get_schema_unprocessed('system', 'cache');
  $schema['cache_token']['description'] = 'Cache table for token information.';
  db_create_table('cache_token', $schema['cache_token']);
}