Is translation an option in Drupal 8's logger?
No, don't use t() for logger messages. The messages are going to be translated already and you don't want to translate twice.

Example for the cron message:

    $logger-&gt;notice('Starting execution of @module_cron(), execution of @module_previous_cron() took @time.', [
      '@module' =&gt; $module,
      '@module_previous' =&gt; $module_previous,
      '@time' =&gt; Timer::read('cron_' . $module_previous) . 'ms',
    ]);


This is the same as in a t() function. The difference is that the messages are stored untranslated and will only be translated on runtime so that the message can be displayed in each user's language.