Print a view inside a block
I can't help with the PHP filter and I don't think it is safe to use it in D8 by looking at the project's page. 

There are better solutions. You could for example add a Views Reference Field to the block type or use Twig Tweak in a template. You can also try to embed the View in the WYSIWYG text area, which is a bit more work to set up, but then should give you all options you have now in D7. See Views entity embed.