Is there a module/hook for permissions for list values?
This is Drupal 7 solution 

Using hook_form_alter, you can unset some of the options based on the user role. 
For example look at this list of article content type  (field_list)



It is the result of kpr() on its form



simply use this code

function THEME_form_alter(&amp;$form, &amp;$form_state, $form_id){
    global $user;    
    if($form_id == "article_node_form"){
        //kpr($form);
        if(in_array('SOME_ROLE', $user-&gt;roles)) 
            unset($form['field_list']['und']['#options'][2]);
   }
}


This is the result