How to set up drush on Cloudways / Digital Ocean?
I'd recommend trying the official Drush installation instructions.  Note that the first recommended installation method is to download the phar, which you might find easier to get working than the Composer-based instructions.

The GoDaddy instructions (at the time of this writing) recommend installing the latest unstable version of Drush. This is not recommended unless you are planning on frequently updating Drush, in which case you are better off installing via git rather than downloading an archive.