Drupal commerce: there is a way to apply discount to products with some taxonomies elements?
The biggest issue here is that in your taxonomy term comparisons, Rules is going to be looking for taxonomy term IDs. In core Rules, there is no way to show a select list or something similar in the Rules UI for selecting a taxonomy term. There may be a contributed module that adds this functionality; I didn't look.

If you know a term ID, you can use a different condition based on whether the term reference field is single or multi value:


Single value: Data comparison
Multi value: List contains item


Since you're going for usefulness to non-developers / site builders, I'll assume you need something better than that. It appears you might be using Commerce Discount, but I don't know if that's why you've added the tag or not. It offers a simplified interface for building product pricing rules and depends on the http://drupal.org/project/inline_conditions module, which includes a simplified taxonomy term check for product entities.