How to broadcast a message to several Drupal web sites?
There are a number of ways to accomplish this, but I wouldn't recommend using Feeds for system wide alerts because of issues with the way Feeds locally caches the source RSS based on how often or infrequently it changes.  This also requires maintaining redundant content types, views, and nodes across several sites.  While this could be done with a Feature, there are much simpler ways to do this.

One extremely simple option is to configure each site to with a block that embeds an iframe from a centralized messaging site that isn't even running Drupal.  Update the HTML of the message and it will be shown everywhere. When you are done, update the HTML to no longer display the message. Of course this will require a layout that allows the space for the message to always be there, but empty when there is no message.  Not ideal.

You could accomplish the same thing without the empty space in the layout by including an external javascript that inserts the message when the .js on a main site is updated, but that is getting less simple and could be impacted by each site's javascript aggregation and caching issues.  Not ideal.

For a solution that is only slightly more complicated, but far more efficient and doesn't require any scripting knowledge, implement https://www.drupal.org/project/sharedblocks.  This module allows you to define a View driven block on a the site used to generate the messages as shared and subscribe to that block on every site you'd like to display the messages.  This has the added bonus of being able to configure the messages as a content type that are archived so you have a system history as well.  Just add either an expiration time or a checkbox to limit the message's active state and filter the View so it returns nothing if there is no active message.  The result of an empty block from the parent site on the child sites is the block isn't displayed at all so no need to deal with the space an empty iframe creates.  The cache and cron settings for Shared Block are configurable.

UPDATE: Just reviewed the https://www.drupal.org/sandbox/cecrs/2340909 to be promoted to a full project.  The module is currently limited to a single alert, but the alert is displayed using a block that can be shared across multiple sites.  I've opened a feature request to change that to define an Alert entity, even without that Site Alert + Shared Block is a great solution.