Views Slideshow Using Absolute Path to Images
Implement hook_preprocess_views_view_field() or hook_preprocess_views_view_fields(). In those you should be able to alter anything related to that image field. If the image field happens to be represented as a render array in the hook (assuming you are using Drupal 7), you can also change the theming function to use for that image. Within your own image theming function, you can get the path to the image using file_create_url(), which supports https.

If you need a good example of an image theming function, you can look at core's theme_image(). For a complete list of Views preprocessors, you can look at the views/theme/theme.inc source code.