How do I get the translated title of a node?
You should load the translated entity, and get the title from that.

$translated_entity = $entity-&gt;getTranslation('en');
$translated_title = $translated_entity-&gt;getTitle();


You can get the current entity language using $entity-&gt;get('langcode')-&gt;value;, and as @4k4 says, you should check that a translation exists using $entity-&gt;hasTranslation($langcode);.