What does a basic module look like that includes a content type, a couple of fields and a view?
I don't know of an example module that has all of those pieces together, but I think you'll find that field_example and node_example from the Examples for Developers project useful.
As well, this page of the Features documentation mentions something interesting:

Technically, an exported Feature is a Drupal module – it has a .info file and a .module file (along with some .inc files matching the components of the feature).
If you're a developer and find a feature bundle a good starting point for a module, you could just extend the feature by editing its .module file (and if need be also the .info file) to include hooks and what have you.

So you may wish to export your Feature, then develop on it from there based on the samples in field_example and node_example.