Filter under condition based on value checkbox of current user profile
As you can already display the taxonomy terms from the ELSE part of your logic diagram in a View, it is quite easy to achieve what you want with a template file for your View. Find the suitable template here and adapt the code underneath, where I assume that you use views-view-field--YOUR_VIEW-YOUR_BOULEAN_FIELD.tpl.php:

global $user;
if ($user-&gt;field_YOUR_BOULEAN_FIELD['und'][0]['value'] == 1) {
  $output = taxonomy_term_load($tid)-&gt;name;
}


The variable $tid for taxonomy_term_load() should be the tid of your taxonomy term New.