Pass term id from menu to views block
If what you want to do is create a list of nodes (or fields of nodes rather) that have a certain $tid, you would create a view, probably filter it on node type and if it's published, put $tid in as an argument to further filter things based on it, select whatever fields in the nodes that pass all of these you want displayed, and then over on the top left of the form, add a block display, name it whatever you want, save it all, then go into your Blocks admin page and put that block in whatever region of your theme you want. (Or at this point use panels, but I don't, so don't know how lol) And take a couple breaths in between all of these steps :)

ADD:  Check out the http://mustardseedmedia.com/podcast/episode31 video as Bob there answers in great depth how to adjust your views to do what I think you are attempting here, and can answer all the details you need a lot easier than me going into that detail here.