How do you add taxonomy with fields to page--node.tpl.php?
This can be done without any need to use php code and tpl.php files.  The capability to generate content based upon a taxonomy including images can be done by using the modules.  These modules are intended to define and implement a site's design and are well written and tested. Template files will handle the layout and appearance of your content, but are not necessary for the content you have described.  IF you are not familiar with Drupal, take a little time to learn more about what it can do before you make changes in the template files.  If you are familiar with Drupal, then it might be helpful to understand more regarding what you are trying to do.