How do I pass local settings?
For one thing I would suggest no using #drupal_behaviours as a HTML element ID because it doesn't describe that element in any way.

It would more logically be called #chart or #highchart or something like that.

To add settings you can use drupal_add_js() (there are examples on that docs page) like this (in your custom module in PHP):

// add the series' to a javascript setting.
$series = array(
  array(
    'name' =&gt; 'Jane',
    'data' =&gt; array(1, 5, 4),
  ),
  array(
    'name' =&gt; 'John',
    'data' =&gt; array(3, 1, 2),
  ),
);
drupal_add_js(array(
  'moduleName' =&gt; array(
    'series' =&gt; $series
  )
), 'setting');


Then in the js you can access it like this:

(function ($) {

Drupal.behaviors.my_highcharts = {
  attach: function (context, settings) {
    $('#drupal_behaviours').highcharts({
      chart: {
          type: 'bar'
      },
      title: {
          text: 'Drupal.behaviors'
      },
      colors: ['#50b432', '#ed561b'],
      xAxis: {
          categories: ['Apples', 'Bananas', 'Oranges']
      },
      yAxis: {
          title: {
              text: 'Fruit eaten'
          }
      },
      series: settings.moduleName.series
    });
  }
};

})(jQuery);


Note how the settings object in the javascript mimics what you passed into drupal_add_js().