View to show 2 different fields that have multiple values next to each other
As commented there might be better data models. But in case you can't change the data model it's probably the easiest solution to switch the View to display content in a view mode and display the field deltas in a node template:

node--content-type--view-mode.html.twig

{% for key, item in content.field_image if key|first != '#' %}

  {{ item }}

  {{ content.field_description[key] }}

{% endfor %}