URL transliteration in Views rewrite?
Here's a workaround that worked for me.

Prerequisites: Pathauto and Transliteration modules.


Add a new text field to your taxonomy called "cleaned_name", or whatever you like. In a later step we will populate this field at view execution with the term name after passing it through pathauto_cleanstring.
Add the "Taxonomy term: Name", and "Taxonomy term: cleaned_name" to your view. The "cleaned_name" field must be below the "Name" field.
In the view settings for the "Name" field, mark the "exclude from display" checkbox.
In the view settings for the "cleaned_name" field, click on "Rewrite results" to open the rewrite settings, then mark the "Rewrite the output of this field" checkbox.
This will cause a textbox to appear, where you can build your link html. For example: 

&lt;a href='PUT-YOUR-PATH-HERE/[field_cleaned_name]'&gt;[name]&lt;/a&gt;

Next implement hook_views_pre_render. The idea is to take the the name, run it through pathauto_cleanstring, and store it in the cleaned_name field.  I used the following code:

function YOUR_MODULE_NAME_views_pre_render(&amp;$view) {
    if ($view-&gt;name == "MACHINE_NAME_OF_YOUR_VIEW") {
       //dpm($view-&gt;result); INSTALL DEVEL MODULE AND UNCOMMENT THIS IF YOU NEED TO SEE WHAT FIELD NAMES TO USE
   module_load_include('inc','pathauto');
   foreach($view-&gt;result as $key =&gt; &amp;$result) {
      $cleaned_name = pathauto_cleanstring($result-&gt;taxonomy_term_data_name);
  $result-&gt;field_field_cleaned_name[0]['rendered']['#markup'] =  $cleaned_name;
   } // End of FOREACH statement
   unset($result); 
     }
}



Adding a field to your taxonomy just to have a place to return a transliterated version of your field is a little ugly. Another alternative I tried was to add the name field to the view twice, with the idea of running only one of them through pathauto_cleanstring, and thus having both a clean and uncleaned version available as tokens to build the link. This did not work however, because although you can add the term name field twice to a view, and views will create two tokens ([name], [name_1]), in the backend both tokens point to the same field. If we modify this field, both tokens will output the modified value.

Another alternative I tried was to build the link html inside the hook_views_pre_render function, and use that to overwrite the value in $result->taxonomy_term_data_name. That avoids the need to add a field to the taxonomy. However, the problem here is that views will escape the html when it displays it. I wasn't able to find a way around this.