Drupal 8 problem to list taxonomy word of unpublished content in a view
An old question, but it's an issue I've been struggling with, too, so I thought I'd post an answer. Turns out there's a known issue (feature request, actually) with the taxonomy module going back to D7. You can get all the details at https://www.drupal.org/project/drupal/issues/962664. 

There are patches there for 8.2, 8.3 and 8.4 that might solve your problem until the fix/feature makes into a stable release.