Content type Text field as Geolocation source field in View
Map formatters usually only take geolocation data in order to display them (latitude and longitude for example). There is a way to "convert" a textual address into geolocation data with the help of a Geocoding service. 

So you do have to create a geolocation field. You can set it to automatically take the address and convert it to points on a map, and you can hide this field from users. It's a problem though if the address someone enters isn't correct in some way. 

With the geodata ready in that field you can set your views map to use that field as the source for geo points on a map. 

Here's a comparison of modules that can help you with this: Comparison of Mapping modules. 

It seems your best bet is Geofield Well Known Text and Geocoder.