Location Proximity Search using db_select in Custom Module
Thanks to @joemurray for pointing me in the right direction. This is my function to grab the closest nid to my target nodes lat, long.

/**
 *
 * Load the nid we are interested in for this report taken from the page we are on.
 * [http://funkjedi.com/technology/308-search-using-geolocation-data-in-mysql/][1]
 */
function _load_proximity_nids($lat, $lon) {
  $nids = array();

  // in Miles
  $radius = 25;

  // Constants related to the surface of the Earth
  $earths_radius = 3958.9394;
  $surface_distance_coeffient = 69.174;

  // Spherical Law of Cosines
  $distance_formula = "$earths_radius * ACOS( SIN(RADIANS(latitude)) * SIN(RADIANS($lat)) + COS(RADIANS(longitude - $lon)) * COS(RADIANS(latitude)) * COS(RADIANS($lat)) )";

  // Create a bounding box to reduce the scope of our search
  $lng_b1 = $lon - $radius / abs(cos(deg2rad($lat)) * $surface_distance_coeffient);
  $lng_b2 = $lon + $radius / abs(cos(deg2rad($lat)) * $surface_distance_coeffient);
  $lat_b1 = $lat - $radius / $surface_distance_coeffient;
  $lat_b2 = $lat + $radius / $surface_distance_coeffient;

  // Construct our sql statement
  $results = db_query('SELECT node.title AS node_title, node.nid AS nid, node.status AS status, node.type AS type, (' . $distance_formula . ') AS distance
FROM
{node} node
LEFT JOIN {location_instance} location_instance ON node.vid = location_instance.vid
LEFT JOIN {location} location ON location_instance.lid = location.lid
WHERE (location.latitude BETWEEN ' . $lat_b1 . ' AND ' . $lat_b2 . ') AND (location.longitude BETWEEN ' . $lng_b1 . ' AND ' . $lng_b2 . ') HAVING distance &lt; :radius
AND (node.status = 1)
AND node.type = :type
ORDER BY distance ASC',
  array(
    ':type' =&gt; 'weather_reports',
    ':radius' =&gt; $radius)
  );

  foreach ($results as $result) {
    $nids[] = $result-&gt;nid;
  }

  return $nids;
}