Only Publish a node in certain languages
First of all lets make sure you have set up Drupal correctly: 


Do you have activated the core Content translation module
Do you have activated the core Language module
Do you have set up at least 2 or more languages (of course you have)
Do you have set up detection and selection correctly (I think you have)
Do you have set up content types correctly to allow multiple languages (sure otherwise it won't work)
Now when you start to list your nodes in content/admin overview you should be able to select translate each node
If you choose this and you translate it you should see the button below saying translate and publish which can be switched to translate and unpublish this selection
if you choose the second your translation will not be published automatically. Violá


Hope it helps ...