How can I cache the operations on the admin content overview per user?
This is not a cache tag issue. You need a cache context.

You can use a contextual filter for the user, then Views would add the cache context automatically.

Another option is to add the context to the render array of the View:

function mymodule_views_pre_render($view) {
  if ($view-&gt;id() == 'content') {
    $view-&gt;element['#cache']['contexts'][] = 'user';
  }
}


The cache context user.permissions is used by default in drupal caching. If this doesn't give you the variations you need in cache use the more general user context. Then for each user a new version of the View is cached, which will obviously use more database space.