How long can you be trapped orbiting around a black hole for?
You're right to mention time dilation, because the point of view is important. The standard metaphor is that of an astronaut (A) falling towards the event horizon, wearing a watch, while another astronaut (B) watches from a distance. Astronaut A will simply fall through the horizon and hit the singularity, but B will never actually see A cross the event horizon, instead they will see A's watch run slower and slower.

In terms of survival time, bigger is better. Getting too close to a really small black hole could rip you apart with tidal forces without even having to cross the event horizon (just as moons and planets exert tidal forces on each other) - but with a supermassive one you'd not even notice you'd crossed it. 

For a relatively "standard" black hole of about 30 solar masses the infalling astronaut will have around 0.0001s between crossing the EH and hitting the singularity (from their point of view....see above, B will never see them cross the EH).