How was an infrared picture of the entire universe taken?
This picture was taken by the WISE (Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer) space telescope. It is in deed an infrared picture of the entire universe but what you see in this line is our home galaxy, the Milky Way. 

This telescope has taken infrared pictures of the entire Universe (as we see from the Earth) and joined them in this full-sky view.

More info: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer