What is the phenomenon that one can recognize a movie after seeing a scene for a fraction of second called?
The subliminal recollection is called involuntary memory retrieval.

This triggers an implicit memory.

Further reading:



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subliminal_stimuli#Images

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subliminal_stimuli#Auditory_stimuli
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spreading_activation