The effects of bilingualism on colour perception
This paper was written in 2010:

Perceptual shift in bilingualism: brain potentials reveal plasticity in pre-attentive colour perception.


  In this paper, we test whether in Greek speakers exposure to a new
  cultural environment (UK) with contrasting colour terminology from
  their native language affects early perceptual processing as indexed
  by an electrophysiological correlate of visual detection of colour
  luminance. We also report semantic mapping of native colour terms and
  colour similarity judgements. Results reveal convergence of linguistic
  descriptions, cognitive processing, and early perception of colour in
  bilinguals.


There are some important (but speculative) considerations here, in my opinion:

1) Aspects of color are defined culturally.  Each culture arbitrarily places borders to divide the regions of a continuous spectrum and we pass these divisions on to our children.

2) Different cultures may have non-overlapping hues distributed across a coarse division.  For instance, if we took the coarse color "green" and divided it up into 15 shades so that my greens are 3, 8, and 12 and my foreign friend's is 8, 10, and 15 are hues that we each strongly associate with green (because they're typical in our culture).  However, my 3 is too close to yellow for my foreign friend and his 15 is too close to blue for me (and I want to call it "aqua").

3) There's also the difficult that the colors we experience in the world aren't pure colors on a ROYGBIV spectrum.  An apparently uniform garment can often be small-grain ensembles of many different colored threads.