IQ, Intelligence and Critical Thinking
There are a variety of "IQ" tests which attempt to achieve a particular goal (culture-fairness, isolating specialized aspects of cognition, etc.).   

"Raven's Progressive Matrices" is a popular type of test that was originally developed in search of an IQ-metric that was "culture-fair" (that is, scoring well did not rely on any cultural background).

In the same vein, it's possible to find specialized IQ tests which selectively measure verbal reasoning, spatial reasoning, and/or memory in isolation. The following website is a battle-tested resource for these sorts of metrics:
https://www.cambridgebrainsciences.com/

The results can be mapped back into "IQ" space by matching the percentiles (conveniently, with the aid of this table: https://www.iqcomparisonsite.com/iqtable.aspx ).