Difference between content-addressable memory and associative memory?
From Wikipedia:


  Content-addressable memory (CAM) is a special type of computer memory
  used in certain very-high-speed searching applications. It is also
  known as associative memory, associative storage, or associative array [...]
  It compares input search data (tag) against a table of stored data,
  and returns the address of matching data (or in the case of
  associative memory, the matching data)


As noted in the above question, there are many implementations of content-addressable memories in neural networks, such as the Hamming network and Hopfield networks. The Associative Memory used in SPA-based models performs the same function as these aforementioned networks and the Wikipedia description. Given a SPA vector as input, the Associative Memory outputs the corresponding vector as an output. Thus, the SPA-based Associative Memory is a content-addressable memory.