There's a faster way to download 1000 Genomes phase 3?
You are using the command for older versions. In the page you link to, they give two commands, one for the newer and one for the older versions of aspera. You are using the one for the older. The only difference is the keyfile, but what you want is:

ascp -i /home/ibmuser/.aspera/connect/etc/asperaweb_id_dsa.openssh -Tr -Q -l 100M \
 -P33001 -L- fasp-g1k@fasp.1000genomes.ebi.ac.uk:vol1/ftp/release/20130502/ALL.chr1.phase3_shapeit2_mvncall_integrated_v5a.20130502.genotypes.vcf.gz.tbi ./


At least, I just tried this a second ago with the aspera bundle I downloaded today and that's the command that worked: asperaweb_id_dsa.openssh and not asperaweb_id_dsa.putty.