Quality drop in vertical axis printing
The main problem with your setup is the nozzle width.  It is simply too big to accurately print a structure that tiny.  An integral part of the filament deposition is the "smearing" of the molted plastic, that clearly can't happen if the structure is about the same size of the nozzle bore.  Also the printed structure is too flimsy to resist the "suction" of such a big nozzle moving away.

I would suggest to use a smaller nozzle and/or increase the size of your pillars.  A good combo would be 0.2mm nozzle with 0.6mm or 0.8mm pillars.  For these small details, it would be best to have a pillar size that is a perfect multiple of your nozzle diameter.

Other settings that will help you:


reduce the print dramatically (try 20 or 30 mm/s)
use retraction (or increase its amount/speed)
make sure your cooling fan is 100%
use a sensible "minimum layer time" (try 10 seconds for a start)


The first two settings should reduce the force/impulse applied by the nozzle on the pillar.

The latter two should make sure your pillar is "solid" when extruding a new layer on top of it.