Why can I see two Push settings in iPhone?

The top push toggle allows you to override any accounts that have push set up. The data will then be fetched from the servers according to your fetch settings at the bottom.

iCloud and Outlook will be fetched with your current settings because you’ve essentially disabled push from any of your accounts (which saves battery and cell data). If you turn it on, they will both be pushed immediately (meaning your phone is constantly “listening” to the server for any updates) because that is how you set them on an individual level (the override is now off).

If you click on iCloud/Outlook you’ll see this explained when push is selected:

  “If Push is not available [because you toggled it off], the Fetch schedule will be used.”

———

In the comments of Nimesh’s answer you explain a flawed experiment. When you opened iCloud Drive on your phone, it fetched immediately. The way to test would be to send yourself an email from another device to either your Outlook or iCloud account and see how long it takes to get a notification,

If you have it set to fetch (check the server) every 30 minutes, it should come within 30 (not at 30 exactly, as it may be closer to the next time it checks the server).

Push, on the other hand, would be instant.

Of course the actual server changes immediately when you send an email etc but fetch vs push refers to how often it checks for those changes on your iPhone without you opening it “manually”. In practice, this is really only visible in terms of notifications (also whether the data would already be populated when you open the app).


With Arrange By set to None, Show View Options (⌘J) and choose Sort By: Kind.


Can I move app purchases from one Apple ID to another?

You can't, as Apple doesn't provide this ability.

From Apple's support document:

  You cannot merge two or more Apple IDs into a single one. You can, however, use one Apple ID for iCloud services and another Apple ID for store purchases (including iTunes in the Cloud and iTunes Match).

You can keep using all the old apps, but they won't update without the original password for the original Apple ID. In practice, you will eventually tire of the prompts or delete the apps in question. In the short term, you can use them all without needing the other account name or password.


Since yesterday I can't login to iOS developer forum. What's going on?

Maybe the site was swamped, everyone trying to access at once, because of the announcements yesterday?


Can't find backup files on Macintosh HD?

The backups are stored in a hidden volume called .MobileBackups. These are Time Machine's local snapshots. They are separate backups that save previous versions of files for cases where your Time Machine drive is not available. You shouldn't modify the contents of this volume directly, and therefore it is usually not visible in most cases.

You can disable local snapshots by running sudo tmutil disablelocal.

Re-enable with sudo tmutil enablelocal.


How to use Screen Sharing if I don't know the remote Mac's IP address

Ah! Yeah... your options at this point are limited. The ISP might help you as it's their DHCP that assigned the address; they'd be the only ones that would know that.

This has happened to me, and as my ISP is comcast, there is no help.

In the future :), what you need is "Dynamic DNS"; available free from several sources. I use FreeDNS. It's kind of funky, but seems to work reliably.

The other alternative (to dynamic DNS) is a "roll your own" approach that would require some script-writing on your part. If you're up for that, let me know & we'll go from there.


Make sure you have iTunes installed on your PC.
Enable tethering via USB on your iPhone.
Connect your iPhone to your PC via USB.

A new driver will automatically be installed and you should be able to use a Local Area Connection that will have been created for you.


How to make File Open dialog more similar to Finder window?

Natively, without the use of third-party software1, no, the Toolbar of a Open File… window is not customizable in macOS Mojave, and its layout was changed from what was the norm in previous versions. It was not customizable in previous versions as well.

That said, you can still use the default Finder keyboard shortcuts to manipulate the window's view instead of using the button menu on the Toolbar.

For Hide Sidebar / Show Sidebar use: ⌥⌘S  (Option-Command-S)

Show items as:

as Icons  ⌘1
as List   ⌘2
as Columns ⌘3

Note that other default Finder keyboard shortcuts may apply; however, I only tried the ones already mentioned.

1 Per a comment, there is Default Folder X, $34.95 USD, that may have some functionality that could be useful.

Note that I have no affiliation with its developer nor have I used it. At that price, I probably wouldn't either.


Remote control Pandora iPhone app from Mac

You can get a VNC app that will allow you to remote control your mac. Something like "Screens" https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/screens-vnc-client-for-ios/id400012962?mt=8

That will allow you to control your mac entirely from your iDevice.


New Macbook Pro - remove "high sierra", install "sierra"

If your MacBook Pro came preinstalled with macOS High Sierra, then you cannot downgrade to older OS as Apple restricted it. You have no other choice. You have to live with it.


Applescript for deleting desktop files upon logout

Is there any specific reason why you wouldn't want to have your students use a Guest Account on the system instead? That would allow you to provide them restricted access to the system while deleting all their files on logout automatically.

To enable a guest user:

Go to System Preferences > Users & Groups
Click the lock icon to unlock it if necessary and type an administrator name and password
Select the Guest User in the list of accounts from the left sidebar
Check the option Allow guests to log in to this computer
You can also setup restrictions through Parental Controls by checking the option Enable parental controls and then clicking on Open Parental Controls...

See:
Using the Guest Account in OS X
OS X Mountain Lion: Set up guest users
OS X Lion: Set up a guest account


In Terminal, how do I add a host key to the file known_hosts?

You can use any text editor to edit ~/.ssh/known_hosts such as nano or vi. Use the format…

serverIP ssh-rsa key

Based on the edited question, it seems you have an invalid key in the file which disagrees with the key that is being provided by the host. A simple fix is to open ~/.ssh/known_hosts in any text editor, remove the entirety of line 1 (as indicated by "known_hosts:1" in the error), save the file and try to connect again. This time, you will be prompted to add the key and it will be added automatically.

The known_hosts file stores keys for hosts to confirm that the host that you are connecting to is the host that is expected. When the host changes the key, it prevents all connections as the expected key does not match. You need to remove the old key and the new key will be added automatically next time you try to connect.


Change directory for screenshots on IPad for using Dropbox

You can't change the location of screenshots in iOS, they always get stored into your Photo Library. To get the into Dropbox you have to open the Dropbox ap, pick the photos you want to publish and store them into one of your Dropbox folders.


Changed Apple ID but Apple TV keeps showing old email

Probably the easiest thing to do is to just reset your Apple TV back to its factory settings.

You don't specify the exact model, so below are instructions for multiple models of Apple TV.

Apple TV 4 and Apple TV 4K

On your Apple TV go to Settings > System > Reset
You'll see two options:

Reset: This reset your Apple TV to its factory settings and won't update the software. This can be done without an internet connection.
Reset and Update: As above, this resets your Apple TV to its factory settings, but also installs any available software updates. Obviously you will need an internet connection for this to complete.

Once your Apple TV is reset, reconfigure it by adding your new Apple ID, etc.

Apple TV models up to Apple TV 3

On your Apple TV go to Settings > General > Reset
Choose one of these options:

Reset All Settings: This option resets all settings, including your accounts.
Restore: This option resets your Apple TV to its factory settings, but also installs any available software updates. Obviously you will need an internet connection for this to complete.

Once your Apple TV is reset, reconfigure it by adding your new Apple ID, etc.


Why can't I resize my existing partition?

You've probably got fragmentation of your free space. For some reason, Disk Utility can't figure this out on its own; it just fails.

I found a stunningly simple way to resolve this: create a new disk image with Disk Utility that's a little bit smaller than the remaining space on your drive.

It took several minutes on my SSD, presumably while OS X moved things around. I imagine it would take significantly longer on a hard drive.

When it's done, delete the disk image you just created. You should now be able to resize your partition!


How do I install Windows 7 without BootCamp and keep the OS X installation intact?

You'll probably need to redo this setup and install Windows 7 before Ubuntu. I am pretty sure if you install Windows 7 it will take over the GRUB bootloader. There is an article on lifehacker that gives instructions on how to set this up http://lifehac.kr/ihVY4k


I put the flash drive in a computer running Windows 10. I discovered it had an EFI disk partition after seeing the EFI folder through File Explorer, and I realized that that was the thing that was not allowing the drive to work on my Mac. I was unable to delete that partition through Disk Management, since Disk Management won't allow you to modify or delete EFI disk partitions, so I had to use Diskpart. I right clicked the Command Prompt to run it as an administrator. Once it opened, I typed in diskpart, and hit enter. I looked over at the Disk Management tab to see which disk it was. I then typed in select disk 1, and hit enter. After that, I typed in list disk, and hit enter to make sure I selected the right disk, since there's an asterisk to the left of the selected disk. Once I saw I selected the correct disk, I typed in clear, and hit enter. It didn't work the first time, so I waited a minute, and typed in clear again, and it worked the second time. I then went into Disk Management, and initialized the drive as an exFAT drive, since NTFS doesn't work on Mac without some sort of special program. It now works perfectly fine on my Mac.


There are quite a few SQL clients in the App Store, PostGres, MySql, Oracle, SqlServer

Impathic make one for just about every database such as

SQL Server Mobile Database Client

I've not used these products myself, but they are known to be limited to creating queries graphically, you can't write your own SQL.

The higher end versions, do allow you greater flexibility and the iPad apps are pretty good, however and this is a caveat, if you run SQL that returns lots of data, the query runs slowly since the amount of data being returned can be large and the handling of the large amount of data is limited by the iOS devices memory.  Write more concise SQL to return only the data you need and the apps run fine.


Restore scrollbuffer and tabs in iTerm as Terminal.app does

What you want is implemented in the night builds of iTerm2. Follow the instructions to enable window restore and you should get what you want.


Back when the Aerial screen saver was first released there was a bug that would prevent Macs from going to sleep. The developer fixed that bug a while ago. If this is still an issue for anyone they should try download the latest version of the screen saver from the following link.

https://github.com/JohnCoates/Aerial/releases

For those that are curious. The screen saver was originally written to use AVPlayerView which by design keeps Macs awake when its playing a video. Aerial's developer rewrote the screen saver to use AVPlayerLayer instead, which does allow Macs to sleep when they are playing video but otherwise idle.


Permanently set Startup Disk to Windows without Boot Camp utility?

You should not of had to install the drivers manually. If you right click on setup.exe from the "Boot Camp Support Software", you should be able to select compatibility mode. You say you formatted the drive. It would help if you explained what utility you used to do this. My concern is for how Windows determines the drive partitioning. For your model/year Mac, Windows should be installed in MBR/BIOS mode.

If the "Boot Camp Support Software" is installed correctly, then you can select the startup disk from the Boot Camp pane on the Control Panel.

Another option which works on most later Macs, is to hold down the alt/option key on startup. When the icon labeled Windows appears, hold down the control key and select Windows. This will make Windows the default operation system.

Here Is Some Advice on the Boot Camp Support Software.

According to the Apple web site "Install Windows 7 and earlier on your Mac using Boot Camp", the proper "Boot Camp Support Software" (BCSS) for installing 64 bit Windows 7 on your model Mac is "Boot Camp Support Software 5.1.5621". According to the Apple web site "Use Windows 8.1 on your Mac with Boot Camp", your model also supports 64 bit Windows 8.1. For this version of Windows, Apple requires you to use the Boot Camp Assistant to download the BCSS to a flash drive. You can download this software without installing Windows 8.1 to your Mac.

One of the machines, I have access to, is a 2011 iMac. It uses the same version of BCSS as your Mac mini for the installation of 64 bit Windows 7. I verified that the BCSS for installing 64 bit Windows 8.1 on this iMac is exactly the same as for installing 64 bit Windows 7. I have no way of verifying if is this is also true for your Mac mini.

  I thought I used the procedure given in the comments below to run the BCSS on the 2011 iMac with 64 bit Windows 10 installed. Now that I think about it, I may not of had to.

Eventually, the BCSS is released in sets of versions. As far as I can tell, only version sets 4, 5 and 6 can be downloaded from an Apple web site and/or through the Boot Camp Assistant. Older sets exist on the Snow Leopard (OS X 10.6) or older DVDs. Some (if not all) of the version 4 BCSS downloads contain a Bootcamp64.msi file. I know this to be true for 4.0.4033 and 4.0.4255. Most (if not all) of the version 5 BCSS downloads do not contain a Bootcamp64.msi file. I know this to be true for 5.1.5621 and 5.1.5640. The version 6 set is irrelevant, since Apple does not officially support Windows 10 on 2011 Macs.

  This leads me to the conclusion that you are using the wrong BCSS.

You should probably install El Capitan (OS X 10.11) and download the BCSS using the Boot Camp Assistant. Or at least, you should be download "Boot Camp Support Software 5.1.5621".


copy folders to user library using Terminal on OS X

You are almost there. cp with the -R option and the arguments SOURCE DESTINATION

    cp -R /absolute/path/to/source/folder $HOME/Library

Replace /absolute/path....../folder with the real absolute path to the folder you wish to copy


What determines the relevant version of OpenSSL in a given network connection?

Having done further research, I see the following appears to answer my questions:

OpenSSL is just one of many SSL/TLS implementations
OS X does not rely solely on OpenSSL (though the deprecated version of same is still installed with the OS), but rather its own implementation called "Secure Transport"
Depending on the application in use (Firefox, iTunes, Mail, etc.), either OpenSSL (firefox), Secure Transport (iTunes, Mail), or yet some other SSL/TLS implementation may be utilised for the secure handshake
Because the VPN adds just one 'layer' of security, independent of the security implemented by the application, the TLS implementation at the VPN layer in no way affects that used at the application layer (a useful analogy is the layered 'tubes' analogy provided here:
https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/27891/how-do-a-vpns-route-ssl-traffic-and-do-they-compromise-security


Unable to perform your specific resize request while busy encrypting

this part indicates me your drive is currently mounted and some write operations are being encrypted to disk.
while encryption of data (write operations) is happening, you cannot resize.
I believe you have three options

If you have an extra drive with a TimeMachine backup, you can delete the volume, make a new partition and restore backup
See this other answer for a hint.
https://apple.stackexchange.com/a/349215/415753
Umount your drive and do offline resize, you probably need to reboot into diagnostic mode.
Disable disk encryption before doing the resize, which is likely going to need to be happening offline anyway.

Note that Offline means not-mounted also known as "while not using it".
If that's your root filesystem, then you need to boot into diagnostic mode, or with a rescue Live disk.
I believe 1) is the safest.
You should do a backup before whichever options you choose


Possible to remap CapsLock to emulate the "French - Numerical" behavior on a U.S qwerty keyboard

Not natively, as far as I'm aware.

Though I don't think it'd be easy, I guess you could use an app such as Ukulele. I suggest the stable 2.2.8 version, since the 3.0 beta might crash when changing modifier keys.

Download Ukulele
Change your keyboard layout to French - Numerical ( > System Preferences > Keyboard > Input Sources)
In Ukulele: File > New From Current Input Source (Which is why you changed to French - Numerical in the previous step). After this you can change back to the regular keyboard layout.
Essentially change all of the keys to match the English QWERTY.
Save your new layout in your Library folder > Keyboard Layouts (Accessable by pressing ⇧+⌘+G and typing in "~/Library/Keyboard Layouts" and clicking Go)
Log out and log in again an switch to your new fancy keyboard layout

I think this is the way to go simply because Apple probably did some fancy trickery to make this work for the French layout, so if you base it off of that, you might be able to "trick" the system into accepting the new one.

Note: Since we're not entirely sure this'll work, I'd recommend only changing a couple of keys to be begin with, as a "proof of concept" (Then, obviously, if it works, simply finish the layout and repeat step 5 and 6).

Good luck!


This behaviour is up to the app/website to decide, so unfortunately you cannot change it back yourself. However, pressing Ctrl+Enter is a common shortcut on Mac and iOS to insert a linebreak when Enter normally submits.


AppleScript: How to search files in folder for string and show results in Finder?

If you don't mind changing a particular Finder preference, i.e. When performing a search:, then the following will work.

First, in Finder > Preferences... > Advanced, set When performing a search: to: Search the Current Folder

Next, create an Automator Service workflow with its default settings (Service receives selected text in any application) and add a Run AppleScript action, replacing the default code with the code below:

on run {input, parameters}
    tell application "Finder"
        activate
        open (POSIX file "/")
    end tell
    delay 0.5 -- # Adjust as necessary or comment out/remove if not needed.
    tell application "System Events"
        keystroke "f" using command down
        keystroke input as text
        keystroke return
    end tell
end run

Save the Automator Service workflow, e.g. Search Selected Text in Finder

If you want to add a programatic test and preference change for When performing a search: being set to Search the Current Folder, then add the following code directly after on run {input, parameters} and before the tell application "Finder" block.

if (do shell script "defaults read com.apple.finder FXDefaultSearchScope") is not "SCcf" then
    do shell script "defaults write com.apple.finder FXDefaultSearchScope SCcf; killall Finder"
    delay 1 -- # Adjust as necessary or comment out/remove if not needed.
end if

An alternative, is to leave the default Finder preference for When performing a search: to Searching This Mac and do the following:

Open a new Finder window to the Macintosh HD.
Press: ⌘F
On the Search bar, click the “Macintosh HD” button.
On the Search bar, click the Save button.

Follow through to save the search. In this instance, e.g.:

Save As: Searching “Macintosh HD”
Where: Saved Searches
[] Add To Sidebar (unchecked)

In the Run AppleScript action of the Automator Service workflow, replace open (POSIX file "/") with the following example code, adjusted for your system and how/where you saved the Search:

open POSIX file "/Users/me/Library/Saved Searches/Searching “Macintosh HD”.savedSearch"

The example AppleScript code would then be:

on run {input, parameters}
    tell application "Finder"
        activate
        open POSIX file "/Users/me/Library/Saved Searches/Searching “Macintosh HD”.savedSearch"
    end tell
    delay 0.5 -- # Adjust as necessary or comment out/remove if not needed.
    tell application "System Events"
        keystroke "f" using command down
        keystroke input as text
        keystroke return
    end tell
end run

This latter method leaves the default setting in Finder alone and achieves the goal without using mouse clicks or clicking buttons from the Automator Service workflow.

Note: The example AppleScript code is just that and may require additional delay commands where appropriate/needed, e.g. between the keystroke commands as/if necessary.


Are iPhone DCIM 1xxAPPLE folders chronological?

No, I don’t think you can count on that being guaranteed.

Yes, chronological filling first is typical and unless someone messes with the storage or counters / settings you’re pretty save with that assumption/generalization.

For my sanity, I grab all the images and process later if I feel I can’t just store all the images from each device. So far, my main storage grows faster than the size and accumulated count of images since iPhone launch 10 years ago.


All options in the Window menu will be inactive when there's no Finder window. You can simply create a new one via the menu File -> New Finder Window, or by pressing Cmd + N.


How to add Spotlight comments to the bundled OS X apps?

You need to have write permission for the bundle. After you open the lock:

Select 'Read & Write' permission for 'everyone'
Add your comments
Restore the permissions


Can I use my Time Capsule with other OSes?

Super highly unlikely you'll find something like Time Machine, as that relies on file-system event logging that was custom made by Apple for Mac OS X.  You can, however, mount the Time Capsule's disk drive as a file share using either AFP or SMB and use any program that will back up files to a file share, which is almost any program that backs up to disk, although beware of possible issues relating to ownership and permissions and unflushed buffers.

Note that the following setup assumes you are using Airport Utility 5.6 or later but NOT Airport Utility 6.0.  If you are running Lion, 6.0 is installed by default but you can have both installed on your Mac and use both.  You can download Airport Utility 5.6 from Apple. If your are on Snow Leopard or earlier, you probably already have 5.6.  Airport Utility 6.0 is greatly simplified and missing a ton of features that were available in 5.6.

You need to explicitly enable File Sharing on the Time Capsule using the AirPort Utility.  From the AirPort Utility, select the Time Capsule, select Manual Setup, click on the Disks tab.  That should present you with the "Disks" pane, which should list the disks in and attached to the Time Capsule.  Note that like Disk Utility, the list is hierarchical, with drive partitions listed under drive devices.  My Time Capsule just has the internal drive with one partition.  (Click on the triangle next to "Time Capsule Disk" if you don't see a partition name under it.)  Click on the partition name an the right panel changes to show you information about it, including giving you the ability to change its name.  This partition name is the root directory name for the SMB share, so make it short and without spaces. You should avoid hyphens, too, as sometimes hyphens are converted to spaces and sometimes spaces are converted to hyphens and it just gets unnecessarily confusing.  Underscores are OK.

Now select the File Sharing panel to get to the rest of the configurations you need to set.

With Time Capsule firmware version 7.6 and later you have 3 choices for password protection: you can use the same password for file sharing that you use fo Time Capsule, you can use a different password, or you can go all out and set up multiple users, each with their own password (and corresponding ownership and permissions features).

You also want to assign it to a Workgroup if you're using SMB and you want your Linux and Windows machine and the Time Capsule to all be in the same workgroup.  The default workgroup name of "WORKGROUP" is the easiest way to go.

To authenticate the SMB client for access to the Time Capsule when you have not set up individual users on the Time Capsule, you can use any (non-blank) username (it is ignored) as long as the password is correct.


Scripting Key Remapping

Keys can be remapped via the command-line tool hidutil. For example, use the hidutil command-line tool to remap the 'A' key to the 'B' key as shown in Listing 1. The map array consists of two key/value pairs that contain the source (HIDKeyboardModifierMappingSrc) and destination (HIDKeyboardModifierMappingDstKey) of the key remapping. The keys take a hexadecimal value that consists of 0x700000000 or’d with the desired keyboard usage value (see Table 1 for usage values).

Listing 1:   Remapping keys in a script Use The value From the Table Given In the Link

$ hidutil property --set '{"UserKeyMapping":[{"HIDKeyboardModifierMappingSrc":0x700000004,"HIDKeyboardModifierMappingDst":0x700000005},{"HIDKeyboardModifierMappingSrc":0x700000005,"HIDKeyboardModifierMappingDst":0x700000004}]}'
)

A null result indicates that there are no key remappings active.

Listing 2:  Checking Key Remapping state

$ hidutil property --get "UserKeyMapping"
(null)

  https://developer.apple.com/library/content/technotes/tn2450/_index.html


How to change a PDF's title? (not file name)

To answer the question you asked, "How do I change the individual PDF title, either in Acrobat Reader or in Finder?", you can't. Neither Acrobat Reader or Finder, by default and natively, have the capability to edit that information. It needs to be done before being exported/printed to PDF or use an app capable of editing PDF Documents.
The industry standard is Adobe Acrobat however it's an expensive app and overkill if looking to just edit that information.

If you have exiftool installed and want to do it from the command line in Terminal, use the following syntax:
exiftool -Title="New Title" /path/to/filename.pdf

To clear the Title, just use: -Title=""
Other meta-data can be changed in a similar fashion.


How do I tranfer contacts from iphone to gmail?

There are a few ways to do this, but the primary way is actually built into iOS. I gathered the information from this link where there is a good comprehensive run down of all the details in setting up a Gmail account and getting the syncing going.

Set up Gmail using the Exchange trick so that contact syncing will continue in the future:

  Open the Settings application on your device's home screen.
  Open Mail, Contacts, Calendars.
  Press Add Account....
  Select Microsoft Exchange
  In the Email field, enter your full Google Account email address.
  Enter your Google Account password as the Password.
  Press Next at the top of your screen.
  Enter m.google.com in the Server field.
  Leave the Domain field blank.
  Enter the user email address as the Username.
  Press Next at the top of your screen again.
  Select the Google services (Mail, Calendar, and Contacts) you want to sync.

And then to transfer your contacts to Google it looks like you will need to transfer your current contacts to iTunes:

  If you have all your contacts on your device and want to import them into Google, you can synchronize your Google Contacts with iTunes. All Contacts and Calendars that you sync with iTunes will be put into the On My iPhone Contacts and Calendar groups on your phone. iOS currently doesn't allow you to move Contacts or Calendar events from the On My iPhone groups to the Google Sync groups.

Note that you will have to turn off iCloud contacts sync if you sync with iTunes. It won't let you transfer that to iTunes otherwise.

For another option you can use this app to transfer your contacts to Gmail, and manage syncing.

This looked like a good tutorial on setting up the sync using Exchange.


What is the best way I can take my book from iBooks and converted into a EPUB format

I would suggest you to use Calibre:

  calibre is a powerful and easy to use e-book manager. Users say it’s
  outstanding and a must-have. It’ll allow you to do nearly everything
  and it takes things a step beyond normal e-book software. It’s also
  completely free and open source and great for both casual users and
  computer experts.

https://calibre-ebook.com/about

There is a conversion discussion here.

You can also try exporting your .ibooks format to .pdf, and using Calibre to convert that to the format you need.  How well these conversions will work you can only tell by testing it.


IOS App that allows you to takes photos every X seconds and saving it in the camera toll (no time lapse)

This app does the trick. It will save files to the camera roll. You can turn off the movie rendering.

IntervalCam - Create Timelapse Movies by TritheCat Studio
https://appsto.re/us/RunTR.i


Toggle the keyboard language by *holding* a button?

You can use KeyRemap4MacBook:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<root>
  <vkchangeinputsourcedef>
    <name>KeyCode::VK_CHANGE_INPUTSOURCE_SERBIAN</name>
    <inputsourceid_equal>com.apple.keylayout.Serbian</inputsourceid_equal>
  </vkchangeinputsourcedef>
  <item>
    <name>test</name>
    <identifier>test</identifier>
    <autogen>__KeyToKey__ KeyCode::F1, KeyCode::VK_NONE, Option::KEYTOKEY_BEFORE_KEYDOWN, KeyCode::VK_CHANGE_INPUTMODE_SERBIAN, Option::KEYTOKEY_AFTER_KEYUP, KeyCode::VK_CHANGE_INPUTMODE_ENGLISH</autogen>
  </item>
</root>

VK_CHANGE_INPUTMODE_ENGLISH is defined in inputsourcedef.xml. You can see the IDs of input sources from EventViewer.app. Caps lock can be remapped to an F-key with PCKeyboardHack.


There's a guide here you might find helpful. The guide suggests using the iPad VGA connector and a VGA to USB converter. The suggested converter is a bit steep at $299, but you might be able to find a cheaper alternative.


How can I publish apps under my own name if I'm under 18?

Apple is a stickler for the legal name being legal and legitimate. As you're aware, you must be at least 18 years old to legally sign up for Apple's Paid Developer Program.

I've seen children who publish apps with the by line saying "By Child's Name and Parent's Name" and the seller simply being the parent. Here's an example. The child, Thomas Suarez, is 12, and he published the app like above.

I don't believe that there's any other way, besides creating a company and publishing through that. Then you'll have a company enrollment instead of a personal account. It's more work, but if you can't abide by having the legal name of the parent show in the App store, it's your only avenue other than lying and not getting caught.


How to send a Apple iCal invitation from special eMail adress when I use iCloud

Your iCloud account (which is associated with your Apple ID) automatically sets up two calendars. One is called "Home" and the other called "Work". When you sent an invite from your iCloud "Work" calendar it will automatically use your Apple ID email address because that is the email account that is "hosting" the calendar. This can be confusing because it's the same email but two different calendars.

Gmail addresses (and most others), for example, come with calendars in the same way that iCloud does. In order to send invites from your work account, you will need to create a calendar with your work email address, and make sure that you select that calendar when you create an event. You should be able to make invites from that calendar and they should send from your work email address.


No. You can't connect a Thunderbolt display to it. No adapter has ever been created to connect Thunderbolt devices to USB 3 (what the PS4 has). The performance would be horrendous and not usable even if one was ever made.


How can I choose a user an the login page without a mouse?

The clue was from activating the voice-over, which eventually tells you:

Ctrl + Option + Shift + Down Arrow simultaneously followed by left/right to choose user,

You don't need to activate voice over for this to work.

That is completely non-intuitive: a simple tab would solve this completely.


2012 MacBook Air - USB hardware ran out of device slots?

Good news: you don't have any problems with your hardware. Or software, permissions, etc.
The issue is, believe it or not, exactly what the error message says:

the USB hardware ran out of device slots

You're probably under the impression that something like 127 USB devices can be used
with a single controller, since that's what all the marketing material says. But that's actually only true in a single very specific and probably mostly theoretical configuration. USB devices support, at a maximum, five connections in a tiered-star hierarchy. Hubs are not passthrough devices, so they count against this number, as do any internal components which use the USB bus, and any devices which use more than one device profile (even if it's only a single physical connection).
How could I know you don't have a problem with your hardware though?
Why, because I have the same machine, and I was able to reproduce the error!

If the issue seems to be sporadic you're probably running into a couple of other issues too:

Crappy, incompatible chipsets in hubs, since the standard has no enforcement.

Insufficient power: faster USB speeds require more power than slower ones.
If a device has the ability to fall back to a slower speed (rather than error
due to insufficient power), it will do so, taking anything on the same bus with it.

If you don't want to see this error again:

Throw out any USB hubs and cables you are currently using. Dead serious.

Drop the $40-$80 for two to four of these, plus however many of these you need.
Most USB 3 cables should be fine.

Especially considering all the devices you mention are high-speed and not
very error tolerant, you should never rely on bus power, and make sure the  (Yep, a wall wart for each hub and device. Exceptions: keyboards, mice, etc.

That last point is especially true on the 11' MBA, which ships with a measly 45W power adapter, and the computer basically needs all of that even with only a moderate CPU load. If you have this cash, consider buying a 60W or 85W adapter.

In practice max, devices/hub connected on a single hub is 2 + another hub.

Always use 4-port hubs, not 7-port. 7-port hubs are just two controllers in a chain.
But you don't know which ports connect to the first hub or the second!
(Without looking in System Profiler.)

If in doubt, prefer the USB port on the logic board (right). There's a remote possibility there's interference in the I/O board. Luckily, that isn't an expensive part.

Follow those steps and I basically guarantee this issue will go away.

Edit: the hardware/kernel development perspective
To answer to the clarification that this is a developer question.
So: The log snippet posted does indicate what I addressed above: too many USB 3.0 devices connected to the root XHCI hub.
(The QS77 chipset supports 4, and there are 2 in use inside the machine.)
To "reset the XHCI controller" (technically its a kernel, not controller, issue):
sudo kextunload -b com.apple.driver.AppleUSBXHCI
sudo kextload -b com.apple.driver.AppleUSBXHCI
however, that's not going to do anything if this is happening with USB 2 devices as well, in which case that its:
sudo kextunload -b com.apple.driver.AppleUSBEHCI
sudo kextload -b com.apple.driver.AppleUSBEHCI
and if its both, well, neither of those.
When I say I can reproduce the issue, I mean that if I overload the XHCI bus like in the log snippet, I get the same error message. And I wasn't assuming necessarily you were using a bad hub — it equally that you might need to get a good one, because the root  hub has too many connections.
Beyond that, however, I think we're getting into the realm of a wiki question to the effect of:

How do I debug the kernel and device drivers on Mac OS X?

As thats more the issue, nothing to do with the MacBook Air per se or even necessarily USB.
I might try my hand at writing one (not really my expertise but I've done it a few times) But it'll probably be a few days for that. Meanwhile, take a look at:
man 8 kext_logging and sudo sysctl -w debug.kextlog=0xlogspec
kextstat | grep USB
The IOUSBFamily source.


OS X Catalina seems to shut down during sleep

This is usually a problem with the 'deep sleep' / hibernation mode macOS uses. Basically, when you close the lid your Mac goes in standby mode. After some time has passed, your Mac goes into hibernation mode to save more battery. As it seems, your Mac isn't properly able to either go into hibernation mode, or recover from hibernation mode, causing your OS to simply reboot.

Resetting SMC sometimes fixes the issue, but there's a lot unclear about these errors. Some users have stated that resetting SMC works, but only if FileVault is disabled.


Avoid using command for keyboard shortcuts

This article explains how to customize keyboard shortcuts.


Clearing cache and configuration settings for iOS apps

When an iOS app is uninstalled, its settings and data are uninstalled with it.

Sometimes, you'll notice that when you reinstall the app, it will 'remember' some data from the previous install.  That's because apps can store info on your device and on their servers.

Some apps store your info on their systems or 3rd party providers and they identify your device that way. Sometimes it's as simple as the email address you provide when you create your account.

Also, Apple allows developers to call their developer framework to get a unique number for each device.  That a developer can access and store that number on their servers so they'll know if the same device or account has used their app in the past.  The only way around that is to completely wipe your device and set it up as new again.

As each app developer is different, and you don't know what code they implemented, the only way to find out if you can setup the app as brand-new again is to contact the developer or delete the app, restart your device, and reinstall the app again.


Screws required to attach HD's to mounting tray for Apple Mac Pro Tower Mid-2012

I assume you are talking about the first generation MacPro "CheeseGrater" tower. for future reference it is best to include the model number with your question so there is no confusion.

The screws are actually standard threads and common to ANY hard drive. You should be able to get these screws at any hardware store worth its name. Just take the HD with you to make sure you get the right ones.

The rubber grommets can also be sourced at a hardware or electrical parts store. Just get some grommets that will fit in the holes in the Apple HD trays and then size the screws long enough to span the gap between the grommet, the HD tray and into the drive. Depending on the size of the screw head you may also need some flat washers.

I did this with my MacPro 1,1 many years ago and it worked a treat.

Sourcing the Apple genuine parts proved frustrating and the few places/people that carried them wanted way more money than it was worth. In total you should be able to get screws, grommets and washers for well under $10


How can I disconnect from all WiFi networks, yet leave WiFi antenna on so Internet Sharing will work properly?

Change your network profile so that the preferred order has your thunderbolt connection at the top. This will make OSX use it over wifi even if a known wifi access point is available.

With a working internet connection just configure internet sharing and it should just work.

I know from experience that this works, I have done it many times on snow leopard, should work the same way on later releases of osx.


How to send attachments to windows users properly

Hm, I haven't encountered this problem before, but it might be due to the formatting Mail.app does to the messages. Try making the message plain text by clicking "Format" in the menu bar and selection "Make Plain Text".


How can I open a new Finder window on every click on the Finder Icon?

You can do this using Hyperdock.

I do this for most of my software (Finder, Terminal, Chrome, etc...). Clicking on the application icon sends the application a Command + N.

It's non-free though.


Change Spaces on all connected displays at once

There's a System preference for this, but then it makes fullscreen apps occupy only one screen at a time and the rest of the screens are black. To activate it:

Preferences -> Mission Control -> uncheck Displays have separate Spaces

reference: Apple site


Can inexpensive prepaid plans for iPhone work in the USA?

Update: The following rate plan is no longer available.

AT&T has a $(25+5)/month GoPhone service plan that works with an iPhone that you acquire yourself.

The $25/month GoPhone service provides 250 minutes (extra cost $0.10/minute). The $5/month data package provides 50 MB data (extra costs $5/50MB). To save 10%, don't buy credit directly from AT&T. Instead, purchase a discounted electronic refill card such as the TMI Wireless $100 refill for $90 and paste the card number into the AT&T GoPhone website. This brings the actual total cost to $27/month for base usage.

There are also the one-time costs of a GSM-compatible iPhone (e.g. used from eBay, either unlocked or locked to AT&T) and an AT&T GoPhone Micro SIM Card ($4). Setup involves installing and activating the SIM card.

If you need more than 50 MB data, there is the $40/month plan, which has 500 minutes and 200 MB data ($36/month after 10% off).

Per the rate plan terms, you could in theory buy the $60/month plan for one month, and use it to buy 1 GB data packages for $10 each, then switch back to the $25/month plan and keep the data from expiring using a $5 for 50 MB auto-refill. However, the $25/month rate plan has an undocumented data package cap of 150 MB; data above that is lost when you switch rate plans.


The last available version of iOS for the iPod Touch 3rd generation and iPad first generation is iOS 5.1.1. It is not possible to update your iOS device beyond this version.

You can download apps for older versions of iOS by adding the app to your purchase history using iTunes on your computer, since iTunes is version-agnostic. Once you've downloaded the app on iTunes, it will be in your purchase history and attempting to download it again on your device should prompt you to accept an older version of the app.


cancelled pdf transfer from yosemite mac to iOS device via airdrop

One way of transferring PDFs directly from a Mac to an iOS device is to drop them into iTunes. Once in iTunes you can transfer the PDFs to the iOS device and they will appear in iBooks on your device.


My MacBook Pro makes 3 successive tones, a 5 second pause (repeating)

Three beeps on startup is typically a memory self-test error symptom.

This article is providing some tools to test your RAM :

http://www.cnet.com/news/troubleshooting-tools-memtest-and-rember/


Yet another headphone stuck in retina macbook pro question

Do not know about software but assume you would like to use your Headphone eventualy.

Removing broken Headset pin

  The gentle methods:

Use instant glue at the end of Q-tip shaft.

The disadvantage, depending how deep you have to go in glue can stick and cover the contacts in the socket so it wont work afterward.

  The "Man" methods:

Use Drill bits (broken screw) removal tools, or something like it.
Yes you will be drilling :)

The disadvantage: You are Drilling !

  The profession methods:

Disassemble you computer and access the headphone jack from inside>this is the best method.

The disadvantage: Know-how + Time + Cost! ?


Change Font Style when writing Code, Math, .. in Pages

What you’re looking for is called Character Styles. It works similarly to Paragraph Styles, except that it only affect the character you’ve selected. To create a paragraph style:

Select characters you want to define the style for (eg. math formula, code)  and change the background, font type, or font color according to your preferences.
Open up Text Inspector Pane (it’s under the same panel in Pages 5.x), or you might need to dig around for Pages 4.x. You should be able to see some default character styles such as ALL CAPS, Emphasis, and Underline. See screenshots.
From the list of styles, choose the + sign at the top right and name your newly created style. Apply this for all your future selected characters.

Here’s the screenshot for the list of Character Styles.


How to change tap to click using "defaults write" from command line?

Got it to work. The correct format (for me) is:

defaults -currentHost write -globalDomain com.apple.mouse.tapBehavior -int 0

Change 0 to 1 if you want to enable the tap-to-click. This seems to be really sensitive to which version you are using. The commands in the question have worked for others.

Logout - login is required for this to work.


Does taking live photos store a redundant MOV file?

It is not redundant. Live Photos consist of an high-res image and a video (lower quality than the image).

The HEIC (High Efficiency Image Codec) format is only for images, and it's the one when you actually hit the exposure button.
The .MOV files are displayed when you long press the photo.

Therefore you can extract the single HEIC image from the MOV file (with lower quality though), while you can't turn the single image into a video. This also means, this is something the iPhone is doing and not photo sync. You would also get those files when using AirDrop for example.

Note: Since the video is lower quality than a single image, changing the key frame must change the quality. However, I could imagine (this is speculation though) that Apple might use some ML/smart algorithm to make the new key frame look better (similar to something like night mode, where a lot of processing happens).

Sources:

How does changing key photo in Live photo differ from burst mode?
Live Photos Called 'Best New Feature,' Composed of Separate JPG and MOV Files
Apple Live Photo file format on SO
Live Photo Quality Loss When Changing Key Frame on Apple forums


Listening to iTunes U audio in the background

I understand your frustration, thankfully, it can be done.

Many video apps, like the YouTube app or the iTunes U App allow you to play the content in the background like music, it just takes a certain trick.  The way you do it is two ways, depending on if you want to sleep your iPhone or use other apps while you listen:

Exit the App and then double click the home button, and then swipe to the right to reveal the iPod controls, you should see the youtube or iTunes U app in the place of the iPod Music Icon.  Hitting play should continue playing the contents audio in the background while you do other things. Opening another music or sound related app may mute or stop the playing but opening up Safari or checking your mail, text messages, etc should not stop anything.

To have it play in the background with your iPhone in standby mode, i.e., like listening to your music while your iPhone is sleeping. Simply lock your iPhone, the sound will stop. Double click the home button and the iPod controls will show up, press the play button and the audio portion of your iTunes U or Youtube app content should keep playing.

I hope that this information helps you out.


Words are selected in a weird way in iPad Pro Books!

Reinstall Apple Books
Make a backup of all of your files. PDFs, books and anything you have imported into Apple Books. You already have a backup if you use iCloud and Apple Books and iCloud Drive are enabled on Preferences > Your Name > iCloud.
Delete the Apple Books app and download it again from the App Store. Then try again and see if it fixes your issue.
Beta software
I see you are running iOS 14.5. iOS and iPadOS 14.5 are currently beta operating systems and are expected to have bugs and other random issues. I can't guarantee you this specific issue is caused by the beta, but it's possible. I would test it but since I'm a developer I'm also running the developer beta.
Nonetheless, all of the notices on using beta software from this answer apply.
If you didn't have this issue before, you can downgrade your iPad to a stable version and see if downgrading fixes it.
I'll summarize the downgrade steps but you should check out the complete downgrade tutorial here.

Make sure you have a backup of all of your data. If you don't have backups, you will lose all of your data during the downgrade. Backups created on iPadOS 14.5 can't be restored on iPadOS 14.4, which is why Apple tells you to backup before installing the beta. I don't remember if there's a way to keep the data when downgrading without a backup.

Connect your iPad to your Mac or PC via USB.

Open Finder or iTunes and select your iPad.

Force-restart your iPad and enter recovery mode.

Select Restore in Finder or iTunes.

Wait for Finder/iTunes to finish downloading the stable version of iOS to your computer. It will automatically begin installing after it finishes downloading.

Click Ok to the “Your iPad has been restored to factory settings…” message, and wait (don't disconnect the device) until it shows you what are your options for restoring your data.

Restore your data.

If you don't have a backup, you can also wait and check if it is fixed on the next betas. Developer betas are released roughly once every two weeks. You should report this and any other issues you find to Apple using the Feedback Assistant app so they can fix it.

It's best if you report it directly from your iPad, if possible right after the issue occurred, because the iPad will collect logs and diagnostic data that is critical to finding the bug. You can see your bug reports from the web at https://feedbackassistant.apple.com
I think this is likely a software issue (even if not beta-related), but I'll include two other easy things I've thought of which you can try.
Generic cable or charger interfering with the screen
Generic cables and chargers can interfere with the touch on your screen and create weird scenarios when using your devices. Try unplugging them and distancing your iPad from the charger and see if this fixes your issue.
Too much grease interfering with the screen
If the screen is way too greasy (a lot, like picking-up-greasy-food-then-immediately-using-the-iPad greasy), it would be possible for the grease to interfere and keep registering as a touch input on the screen after you lifted your finger. iPadOS has many software optimizations to ignore unintentional touches so this issue could be sporadic and closing the app like you mentioned (or just switching to the Home Screen and then back to the app) would fix it.
I'm mentioning this because there are parents with children who share iPads. If the issue remains after cleaning the screen, then this is not the cause.


What does it mean when a size is greyed out in Finder?

This is likely due to Finder still calculating the size of the item shown, such as by still enumerating the contents of a folder or package.  ACL also cause this:

Files Greyed out in Finder - Potential extended attributes issue??


How to transfer Mac Mail signatures between computers

A theoretical solution...

I find my Mac Mail signatures are stored in the folder at ~/Library/Mail/V6/MailData/Signatures. You may be able to copy the contents of the folder at this location from one computer to another.

Hit ⇧⌘G (or Go > Go to Folder... in the Finder) and enter ~/Library/Mail/V6/MailData on the computer that has the signatures you wish to copy. Locate the "Signatures" folder, and copy it over to your target computer.
Then (on the target computer), navigate to the same ~/Library/Mail/V6/MailData location, replace the Signatures folder (if present) with the version you copied.
Open up Mail and check if the signatures are there.

Two warnings:

I haven't tested this, so it might not work/it might mess things up. Make sure you have a backup copy of the signatures folder from your target computer before overwriting it so you can revert if anything goes wrong.
If there are already custom signatures on the target computer, they will be overwritten.


How to preserve portrait mode of iPhone recording in iMovie and Final Cut Pro?

I had this problem just last night, editing portrait iPhone X video in iMovie. Here’s how I got around it:

In iMovie, when I added my video clips and titles and such to the timeline, I used the ‘Cropping’ edit panel to rotate them all 90° anti-clockwise. It’s weird editing video that’s lying on its side, but I got used to it.

After exporting from iMovie to a .mov file, I used Handbrake to transcode it to a smaller .mp4 file (which I usually do anyway). In Handbrake’s ‘Picture’ tab there’s a ‘Rotate’ filter; I used that to rotate it back 90° clockwise.

I’m sure you could do something similar on the command line with FFMPEG too.


You can disable the update mechanism in the preferences. And you can even set the update frequency (weekly, daily, hourly).

Update: this is not enough. It won't notify about new updates, but in the background it runs the updater in every hour. I'm looking forward to have an answer for this question as well.


Finally ... I found page providing some QuickLook solutions based on Homebrew's caskroom:

brew cask install qlcolorcode

This is based on a fork from and old repository but is maintained and developed quite well at least until today.

I gave it a shot and it works just fine, though I still prefer the dark theme of TextMate :)


Creating a Bootable USB drive for a PC on a Macbook

There's a simpler way than above. It's dd.

If you need a new .iso, Microsoft have Windows 10 USB ISOs on their website for download.

Plug the USB device into your mac, and open terminal.

Type diskutil list and note what the address of your USB is (should be /dev/diskX where X is a number).

If you don't have pv installed, it's worth installing because you get a progress bar for the next bit. If you have Homebrew, then you can just run brew install pv in terminal.

With pv:
type pv -ptearb <full .iso path> | sudo dd of=<your usb address>. You should get a prompt for your password.

Without pv:
type sudo dd if=<iso path> of=<your usb address>, enter password, and away you go. dd won't show a progress bar though, you need pv for that.

To speed up dd in both cases, you can use /dev/rdiskX rather than /dev/diskX.

Be careful with dd - if you get the device wrong, you could overwrite your OSX drive


Can't mount Windows Boot Camp & USB on a MacBook OS X Yosemite 10.10.2

MacBook Pro (Late 2011) = MacBookPro8,1

According to MacBook Pro (13-inch, Late 2011) - Technical Specifications this has a 8x slot-loading SuperDrive.

You should use your DVD drive to install Windows.

According to the Info.plist for the Boot Camp Assistant, your model is one of the "PreUSB Boot Supported Models". The usually means if you create a USB flash drive installer by any method, you will not be able to boot from it.

You also have a one of the "PreUEFI Models". This means you should install using using a BIOS/MBR boot method.

In the event, you can not install using a DVD, you can try using Virtual Box. The instructions are given here. This will install Windows to your internal disk without the use of a DVD.


What the point of custom ANSI colors in Terminal Preferences?

To understand what effect changing those colors have, you'll need to understand how ANSI colors work.

In the early days of ANSI escape codes for coloring, the specification allowed programmers (or other users) to write codes for choosing between 8 colors (black, red, green, yellow, blue, magenta, cyan and white). As a kind of defacto standard terminal makers also allowed for choosing brither versions of the same colors (i.e. bright black, bright red, etc.).

The actual color of "red" or "green" isn't standardized and vary between terminal software. These are the colors that Apple lets you redefine. I.e. if you want your "red" to be more or less red (or something else entirely), it will let you.

Later on work has been done to expand on these escape codes to allow a wider color range. In the ISO standard version of these escape codes it is possible for the programmer to select any 24-bit RGB color by issuing an escape code that specifies the amount of red, green and blue that goes into the specific color they want.

This means that if you run a program in the Terminal that is using the old set of escape codes that reference color "names" (i.e. red, green, cyan) - you can change what those color references mean in the preferences.

However, for programs that use the newer escape codes that reference specific color codes (i.e. rgb(123,74,101)) the programmer has already explicitly asked for a specific color - and you're not able as a user to change that from the Terminal preferences.


iPhone 5 still has previous owners itunes info

Have you tried this?

  Settings > General > Reset > Erase All Content and Settings
  (c.f. http://support.apple.com/en-ca/HT4137#erase your device)

If you cannot erase this way, Apple says (down a bit on that page) that you ought to restore using iTunes, which won't be helpful without the original owner's iTunes backup.

If the device is locked via "Find My iPhone Activation Lock", then you'll need to go through this process:

  http://support.apple.com/en-ca/HT201441

which requires the previous owner to log into their iCloud account, at http://www.icloud.com/find , then click on the device they sold you, then "Remove From Account".

In general, its a good idea to have the previous owner go through these steps as they're selling the device to you:

  http://support.apple.com/en-ca/HT201351

Good luck with this!


Trio Singing Remotely on the iPhone or Web

One way is to host a meeting with a service that will record the meeting. At work we use Microsoft teams and that will certainly work, but we pay for this. I believe Zoom will record meetings as well. Latency for close timing will certainly be a challenge - even in professionally managed WiFi and business class Internet, there is often delay that makes it hard to call and response let alone synchronize a trio.

As I mentioned in a clarifying comment, try to test your latency with FaceTime audio group chat over audio. Adding video is fun but can add more latency and time delay. If your networks are fast, record the screen on one device and you’ve got your love setup and a recording.

https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT207935


What are some considerations in organizing apps in the dock?

There are lots of little application launcher utilities available, to name two Overflow and the venerable DragThing.

Personally, I prefer keyboard-based launchers like Alfred or LaunchBar.

OS X Lion will have feature called Launchpad which looks like it will be a good replacement to the dock for launching applications.

Organizing Apps in the Finder or launching them all via the Dock is rather futile, in my opinion — unless you have a very small collection of Applications…

If you're looking for folder icons, there are tons of online sources. I recommend the Iconfactory to start.

Customization: in the Finder if you use the Command Get Info in the file menu on a selected folder (also available in the right-click contextual menu), you can select the icon in the info window top-left. From there you can copy the icon resources and paste them.

So that's how you can customize the folders, copy icons from a downloaded folder source, and paste them into your new folders. Panic software produces an excellent Application for icon management that can also streamline this process called CandyBar.


Internet not connected after sleep wake even though wifi is connected after awake

I was having the same issue on one of my machines running both macOS Catalina and Big Sur. Tried forgetting the network and joining again, doing an SMC reset, and a few other solutions with no luck.
I was finally able to find a fix for it today (also posted it here https://alihaghani.me/blog/fix-mac-not-having-internet-access-on-wake):

Go to System Preference → Network
Select 'Advanced...' in the bottom right corner
Go to the TCP/IP tab
Enter 'ConnecMac' in the DHCP Client ID field
Select 'Renew DHCP Lease' above the field
Press OK
In the System Preferences → Network, select the Location dropdown
Select 'Edit Locations...'
Select the plus sign to add a new location
Enter 'Home' as its name


Using ethernet for iMac and Wi-Fi for other devices

Usually it's no problem to use the ethernet interface instead of the Wi-Fi interface, if the router/access point contains one or several ethernet connectors:

Install an ethernet cable between your iMac and the router. Depending on your router you might have to enable/configure its ethernet interfaces.
Open System Preferences -> Network.
Configure IPv4 of the ethernet interface by choosing DHCP or Manually. If you've chosen "Manually" enter an appropriate IPv4 address, netmask, gateway and DNS-server
Click on the gear in the lower left corner -> Set Service Order..., drag the ethernet interface to the top of the list and click OK.
Optionally you may deactivate Wi-Fi by highlighting it in the left pane and then "Turn Wi-Fi off"
Then hit Apply


You are mostly correct. In summary:

It wasn't specifically the Quadra 840AV, it was any PCI Power Mac with Mac OS System 7.5.5 to 7.6.1 installed.
It wasn't accessed at boot time either. All you had to do was launch any text application that supported drag and drop and then type the following text into it: secret about box (exactly as I've typed it here, no capitals, or punctuation marks! Then if you dragged the text to the desktop, you'd see the picture you're referring to (see below):

Yes, you could control the flag by moving the mouse around (i.e. you could use the mouse to control the wind direction, thereby changing the flag).
Yes, you could rip the flag off the flag pole by using your mouse to make the wind stronger. This was done by moving the mouse up and down quickly in just the right spot.

As an aside, the text below the iguana on the flag: "iguana iguana powersurgius" is a reference to the code name used for the PCI Power Macs (i.e. PowerSurge).


Why NTFS write softwares cause some certain problems?

You do not mention what software you're using to mount the NTFS volume read/write in OS X, nor which version of Parallels you're using, nor do you say what model Mac you have.  This is important to give you accurate information.

Paragon NTFS works with Parallels just fine.  MacFUSE or other NTFS read/write utilities do not.  Also, Parallels 8 and lower have issues with Paragon HFS if you have that installed on the Windows side.

Also, you should never suspend the Parallels Boot Camp VM.  If you attempt to boot to Windows via Boot Camp while the Parallels VM is suspended, you can cause data corruption.


Is there a way to prevent SIGKILL after SIGTERM for a daemon\agent during shutdown\restart?

No - this isn't the decision idiom on macOS so your development requirements are conflicting with the system design intention.

Your daemon should be dealing with this and timing and technical ways to do this are built in to MacOS as well as documented fairly well by Apple.

macOS does not shutdown daemons by just sending a SIGKILL it first sends a SIGTERM and then only if the process is still there a SIGKILL. You have some control to delay this by using the disableSuddenTermination method on NSProcessInfo see  https://developer.apple.com/documentation/foundation/nsprocessinfo/1412841-disablesuddentermination?language=objc

Thus your daemon should be shutting down on receipt of a SIGTERM and so the SIGKILL will have no effect.

This was documented in Apple's The Life Cycle of a Daemon

It is also the normal BSD and Linux way of shutdown except that launchd is not involved.


Features like Handoff and instant hotspot need a reliable way to tell when the devices are close to each other.  Being on the same network doesn't really mean anything and determining distance from Wi-Fi signal strength is very iffy.

BT 4.0 has a proximity profile that allows devices to tell when they are near each other and even how far.  Furthermore it does that by sending and receiving very small packets to broadcast and read the devices characteristics.

To further clarify, Handoff and Instant Hotspot use BT to allow the devices to sense each other's proximity, but the actual document and data communications are over TCP/IP.  Here's a discussion on why that is:

http://www.dslreports.com/forum/r29619197-Yosemite-maximum-distance-for-continuity-

And here is a conceptual explanation (from an iOS dev point of view) of how Handoff works:

https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/Handoff/HandoffFundamentals/HandoffFundamentals.html#

This is where BT comes in:

"Handoff passes only enough information between the devices to describe the activity itself, while larger-scale data synchronization is handled through iCloud."


Today I rebooted my iMac and when I opened Safari, the pinned tab icons are now multi-colored. It looks like Safari is now pulling the .ico file that the other browsers are pulling. Problem solved.


Will upgrading RAM on my Macbook Pro significantly improve speed?

It might be different depending on what type of app you are using, but generally speaking, it sure is beneficial to update from 4 GB to 8 GB since 4 GB is not a lot for a Mac and you are using Xcode.

The iPhoto app might not change much, because it has to load lots of photos, its latency depends more on the disk instead of the memory.

The value of virtual memory might not be very informative, you should look more at swap used right below virtual memory, this is the memory that is actually stored on the disk since the physical memory is not enough.

If you see that swap used is often more than zero, your priority should be absolutely to change for 8 GB memory. Otherwise, installing a SSD might be a better choice though that's more expensive...

edit 1:

Generally speaking, I would recommend upgrading the memory over upgrading to a SSD.

A SSD affects only the loading speed of things, that is, the time that it takes for the computer starts up or for an app to load itself. But the size of memory affects the speed of apps when you are opening lots of them.

On the Mac, the concept is switching more and more to holding the app inactive in the background instead of closing them completely, that enables the apps to respond quickly since we don't have to load them again from disk.

Despite Apple's memory compression technology, opening lots of apps still takes a considerable amount of memory, so upgrading the memory prevents the mac to swap some memory to disk, and makes the mac faster when you have lots of apps in the background.


How do I stop my Mac from trying to open new tabs when I make normal clicks?

For now it seems what solved my problem is completely shutting down the mac. I am not sure why restarting didn't work but shutting down and then turning it back on solved it.


In short, no.

The measurement required to provide correct phase-cancellation in a headset is measured in microns, not inches.
You could neither measure it accurately enough nor stay still enough for it to work.
You would also suffer so much throughput latency in hard & software that any attempt at correction would arrive far too late to be of any use.

Some people seem to object to my definition of the precision required for this to be effective.
Let's add more to that.

Not only do you need your distances to be accurate for the gap between mic & speaker, but you also need to be feeding the resultant audio back at the correct phase with regard to the speaker/mic orientation.
If you are trying to do this using a mic oriented at approximately 90° to the headphone speakers, assuming you are facing the computer, your chances of success are even smaller.

You then need to decide which phase you are going to send to which ear. Are you going to guess at an approximation of the 90° & then flip one by 180° compared to the other?

Does that better explain why these systems are measured in microns, not inches? It has little to do with the wavelength at any given frequency & more to do with the orientation of your phase... otherwise you are just as likely to reinforce the wave as to cancel it.


What is the use of Background App Refresh?

Some apps like Facebook keep getting new feed posts in the background when you are not using the app. This gives the impression when you launch the app that it is really fast and everything is already there and your main UI isn't filled with blank spots for image placeholders and things of that sort.

The biggest impact I've seen on it is that is uses a TON of cellular data when my wife checks her Facebook on lunch break, then it keeps refreshing for the next 4 hours until she gets home to wifi.

I try to turn off background app refresh for most apps. A good hypothetical use for it would be some app that tracks tour mileage and plots it on a map. You may be on a long trip and you don't need to be looking at a phone while driving, so this would be a good use for background app refresh so the app can continue to measure your distance even when you have your phone locked or are on the phone itself.


I think your first backups are most probably auto purged by Time Machine.

Time Machine automatically remove oldest backups when your backup disk is full. And Time Machine keeps hourly backups for the past 24 hours, daily backups for the past month, and weekly backups until your backup drive is full.

Therefore there's no guarantee that your first backup(s) will be preserved.

You may try data recovery softwares on the Time Machine drive, but quite likely it won't help as Time Machine make new backup hourly and overwritten the old data.


Pages on iOS custom paragraph styles & templates?

You can create a symlink of the actual pages template directory on your Mac in your Dropbox so that you don't have to maintain two copies of your templates, and then use Dropbox to open the template files in Pages to make a new doc based on the template.

Though template files are saved as .template, Pages for iOS still opens them correctly. You can create the symlink with the following command:

ln -s ~/Library/Application\ Support/iWork/Pages/Templates/My\ Templates/ ~/Dropbox/Pages\ Templates


Yosemite stuck on "Setting up" for hours

Rebooting without the OS X flash drive inserted fixed the problem.


How can I request a status update on an apple bug report?

It's as simple as posting new details on your bug with a sentence requesting a status update. There is no dedicated button to do this. From personal experience I doubt you'll get any helpful information though. Many things in Radar live there for years…


Yosemite gray screen no startup keys working

Disconnect everything from the Mac and then power it off.

Perform recovery according to these steps.

http://support.apple.com/en-us/HT4718

If that fails, then you may need support from Apple to determine the version of OS X that shipped with the Mac so you can restore that and start over/restore from a backup once the hardware is known to work. Or it needs a repair for hardware issues.


If as you say, you changed the Apple ID, the stuff from previous Apple ID is NOT accessible with new ID.

To get there you must use old Apple ID.


Editing Boot Menu options Mac (Bootcamp)

If I recall correctly (no guarantee of that ;-) the Recovery partition usually shows up in the "Option boot menu."

If I am inexplicably wrong likely the only way to get rid of it would be to boot from an OS install thumb drive that you created previously (you did create one previously, didn't you?) and reinstall from scratch. during the OS install open Disk Utility, delete both partitions and then create one new one to install Mac OS onto and install. The install process will re-create the emergency boot partition behind the scenes. Once that is done you can restore your files and apps from your back up that you cleverly thought to make before wiping your hard drive.

There I think I have covered most of the bases here... I hope.


Unable to connect display(s) to MBP 13'' Mid 2014 via Tunderbolt / mini DisplayPort

So it looks like you have systematically ruled out all hardware issues on all components, so you're right and it sounds software related. And since you were using at least one of the monitors before, it's likely not a compatibility issue.

Just in case, I would connect an external monitor (even though it appears unusable) and then check for software updates in the App Store - maybe there's a necessary firmware update to install that has yet to be triggered.

What I would do next is to test the issue in a new user account - if it happens there, it's a system-wide issue. If it doesn't, the problem could be with a corrupt system preference file somewhere in your user library that needs to be regenerated. If you have a backup from before this issue occurred, restoring your user's home folder from the backup would actually be the quickest and easiest solution to this problem, as hunting down individual preference files can be tedious when you don't know the exact one causing the issue.

If it's a system-wide issue, it's likely OS related not system library .plist related as you still had the same issue in safe mode. (Although if the monitors are identical it could be a driver issue and I would check the manufacturer's website for new drivers, but if they're different and both are not working that is highly unlikely.)

Next I would back up your system and then reinstall the OS from the App Store to see if that fixes it. I know that's time consuming but I usually set mine up before I go to bed and it's done long before I wake up.

Last but not least is an Erase and Install from the Recovery Partition, but let's hope it doesn't come to that!


Making a digital TV out of cinema display

The answer is that it depends on what you have at the moment.  If you just have a cable outlet in the wall and the cinema display then yes you need something in between such as a tuner.  The type of tuner will depend on the type of signal being sent by your cable TV provider (digital/analogue).  Then you'll need a cable which will connect the tuner to the cinema display and you'll also need separate speakers.  This also means that your tuner will have to have an audio outlet to connect to the speakers.

With a standard analog TV signal, the TV itself is the tuner.  With a digital signal the tuner can be built into the tv or it can be in a set-top box.  To make the cinema display function as a TV you need to have a digital signal and then you need a set-top box which would allow you to change channels.

To recommend specific tuners etc. you would have to describe specifically what your cable TV connection is and how you are expected to connect it to an ordinary TV.  Then you can work on figuring out how to connect the cinema display which is just like a digital TV with no speakers and no remote.


No prompt to accept files when Airdropped to myself?

According to Apple:

  If you AirDrop content to yourself, like share a photo from your iPhone to your Mac, you won't see an option to Accept or Decline. The content is automatically sent to that device. Just make sure that both devices are signed in with the same Apple ID.

AirDrop is working as designed.  I don't think you need to worry about someone sending you malicious content.


Why system-wide socks proxy doesn't work for Chrome?

It isn't that Chrome bypassed it, it "ignores" it (because it might not have implemented reading the values).

I did find some docs that show how to manually set Chrome on Mac to use SOCKS:

https://www.chromium.org/developers/design-documents/network-stack/socks-proxy

(if my memory bank properly translated what I read).

I couldn't find any docs from Google that said: Chrome on MacOS will obey SOCKS prefs.

Before someone down votes this because it sounds incorrect...

Proxy support for apps usually comes down to three things:

Support for HTTP proxy (FTP is really HTTP), HTTPS (Connect) and SOCKS of two versions.

Each of these is pretty different than the other, but the standard dialog boxes originally designed by Netscape made them look like they were simply operating in parallel. Users assume that a browser that works with one setting in the dialog should work with all the others, that simply isn't true from a feature/support/protocol/code perspective.

For MacOS browsers, the browser developer had to decide if they would support the proxy type, and then how would they read the system settings, if they supported the system settings. This is why for a long time Camino (Mozilla browser for MacOS-only supported OS settings, but Firefox (Mozilla browser for all platforms) did not.

(As best as I can remember... I was Proxy QA for Netscape/Mozilla back in the day.)


How can I get Windows to install in Legacy (BIOS) boot on my mid-2012 MBP

Well I've finally found an answer: just use a Windows 8 install CD ROM with the standard 'install Windows 7 or later option' selected. Do not install Windows 8.1. It seems the problem is with the latter messing around Boot Camp normal procedures rendering audio and some other components unusable.

Where my MBP 13″ mid 2012 wouldn't complete my installation with Boot Camp before, now the installation starts in legacy via the CD, it just flows and at the end of it I get to install my version of the Boot Camp drivers found on the net and audio works fine.

What might have influenced the whole process was that I accidentally erased my whole disk, had to start from the recovery over the internet (Command + R at startup) and reinstall Yosemite and my files through my Timemachine backup). Maybe it fixes something with my old recovery and EFI partitions, but I can't know for sure.


Using a USB 3 port as a power delivery port for quicker charging of connected devices

You are right. USB3 could do that, but needs a partner USB of same family to do it.

Thus the USB2 would be the bottleneck.

However the USB2 already can handle up to maximum of 900mW.

  Devices can request higher currents and supply voltages from compliant
  hosts.

In simple way, if your Android makes the correct request it could get up to 900mW supplied. You can check how much it gets in the About this Mac.

read more here https://electronics.stackexchange.com/a/5581/77190

and here:https://superuser.com/q/293189


As per puppet doc for mac installation:

  The puppet master service needs a puppet user and group.

So you can be sure now that you haven't been hacked :)


ALL have the same problem!
Solution is simple, but it takes 3 years of hate for this bug!

Just go to System settings -> keyboard -> shortcuts-> add shortcut

(add new)
all applications
menu title: "Edit->Paste and Match Style"
make any hotkey you like, for me its "cmd-shift-X" (free hot key!)

DONE!


What could I benefit from replacing the AirPort Card in my '09 MacBook Pro?

I upgraded the built-in WiFi cards for my 2008 and 2012 Mac Pros.  It got me Continuity and the higher 802.11ac speeds, along with AirDrop (peer-to-peer WiFi).

To enjoy 802.11ac speeds (up to 1300Mbps if you're sitting right next to it), you need to also upgrade your router or access point (hereafter referred to as AP).  You also have to have a fast enough Internet connection (or have high-speed internal network needs) to warrant anything faster than 802.11n, as most ISP's don't provide connections over 200Mbps.  (802.11n specs are 300Mbps on 5GHz band of RF throughput, which yields just over 150Mbps of actual data throughput on good days.)

You don't get improved range without improved antennas; in this case your laptop's antennas won't change, so the AP would have to have better antennas than what you have now.

-- And here's more nerdiness just in case anyone is curious... --

Speed is a combination of RF bandwidth (20MHz - 80MHz wide channels) and modulation (the way the bits are encoded into radio waves).  Higher modulation over larger swaths of RF bandwidth = awesome speed.

Because of WiFi regulations, the amount of power available for transmission is fixed.  Wider channels means less power (the power is spread across 80MHz channels in 802.11ac instead of 40MHz in 802.11n or 20MHz in 802.11g). The highest speeds are right next to the AP, naturally.

As the client radio (laptop or phone) gets further away from the AP (distance + obstacles), it will "downshift" from the higher bandwidths and modulations to the lower bandwidths and modulations until it eventually drops off.


You could turn off Wi-Fi (Settings -> Wi-Fi) and cellular data (Settings -> General -> Cellular -> Cellular Data) to get a phone which works just like a phone. Possibly disable location services (Settings -> Privacy -> Locations Services) as well if you really want to extend the battery life.

I do believe this would still allow local notifications, though, if you've got any apps that use them (such as some alarm or reminder apps).


Does MagSafe 2 T Connector get really hot when charging?

Yes. In my case, my new MacBook Pro Retina 13" MagSafe connector gets insanely hot but once the charge level reaches above 50% or so, it starts to cool down and then stays lukewarm.

The best solution is to not let the Mac's battery discharge too much. It also doesn't make much of a difference to the heat level if your Mac is on or sleeping as the heat level in both cases are similarly high.


Where does Applescript Event Log go when run under Launchd?

To bring the contents of Mateusz's comment here in an answer. Credit to Camelot for the steps.

The AppleScript log statement does not write to the StandardOutPath. Writing to a log file takes 3 steps. The second step may take 2 forms depending of wether you want to save previously written data.

-- Open the log file
set logFile to (open for access POSIX file "/var/tmp/myScript.log" with write permission)
-- Write some data to it (clearing the existing contents)
write "some data" & return to logFile
-- Or, write by appending, some data to the end of existing data
write "some data" & return to logFile starting at eof
-- Close the file
close access logFile

It may help to rewrite the 1st step as 2 statements:

set logFilePath to "/var/tmp/myScript.log"
set logFile to (open for access POSIX file logFilePath with write permission)

I am still searching for an answer regarding the log statements and event log. At this point, I think they go into deep space.


Mysterious login/password woes after migrating to Catalina

I’m a big fan of using the Apple graphical tools since they help make it clear what’s being done.

https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/reset-your-mac-login-password-mh35902/mac
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT202860


How to get deleted device list from Apple developer account?

Contact Apple Care about this. From a recent question I understood that they keep this information for a very long time.

They had a track for me of an iMac DV which I don't own anymore since…
(imagine the spinning beach balloon starting here).


Error trying to make bootable Mavericks USB drive

There is an automation tool called DiskMaker X. All you need for the program to work is the disk image that you are trying to make a usb of. It does all the work for you. Just make sure that you have a full image and not a partial one.


Boot Camp restarted back to OS X instead of Windows

go into system preferences, choose startup disk and select your windows partition, then restart.


Autoupdate the desktop background from an online photo webcam

I have found a way to make this work with launchd. This requires two steps: First creating a script that downloads the webcam picture, and second creating a LaunchAgent plist file that will call the script every so often.

This method will update the background picture of a specific Space, but only while you are on that space (also, when logging in and maybe when waking from sleep).

First step: Creating a script that downloads the picture and changes the desktop background

Create a folder, e.g. ~/Library/Desktop Pictures/Webcam.
Select that folder to be your desktop backgrounds folder in System Preferences → Destkop & Screen Saver.
Write a text file with the following content:

#!/bin/bash
shopt -s extglob # required for fancy rm
# This script updates the desktop background of a specific Space to a webcam picture
# while you are currently on that space.
#
# Choose a webcam:

remotepic=http://www.foto-webcam.org/webcam/wallberg/current/full.jpg

# Choose a desktop backgrounds pictures folder of the Space where you want to see the webcam
# (you have to set this manually in System Preferences → Destkop & Screen Saver):

webcampicturefolder=~/Library/Desktop\ Pictures/Webcam

# check the desktop background pictures folder of the current Space
currentpicturefolder=`osascript -e "tell application \"System Events\" to get pictures folder of current desktop"`
# only proceed if you are currently on the space where you want to see the webcam
if [ "$currentpicturefolder" == "$webcampicturefolder" ] ; then
  localpic="$webcampicturefolder"/$(date +%Y%m%dT%H%M%S).jpg
  backup="$webcampicturefolder"/backup.jpg
  #remove all but the previous backup file and txt files:
  rm "$webcampicturefolder"/!(*txt|`basename "$backup"`) 2>>/dev/null
  # get the new picture unless there is a connection failure (-f flag):
  curl -fs -o "$localpic" "$remotepic"
  # make a backup of the new picture:
  cp "$localpic" "$backup" 2>>/dev/null
  # if no new picture has been downloaded, copy from backup:
  cp "$backup" "$localpic"
  # see http://www.macosxautomation.com/applescript/features/system-prefs.html
  osascript -e "
  tell application \"System Events\"
    tell current desktop
      set picture rotation to 0
      set picture to POSIX file \"$localpic\"
    end tell
  end tell
  "
fi

Save the file, e.g. as ~/Library/Desktop Pictures/Webcam/getwebcam.sh
Make it executable by issuing the following command in the Terminal:

chmod u+x ~/Library/Desktop Pictures/Webcam/getwebcam.sh

Second step: Creating a LaunchAgent plist that calls the script

Write a text file with the following content. You need to adapt the string /Users/myusername/Library/Desktop Pictures/Webcam/getwebcam.sh so it points to the script created in the first step. You cannot use a relative path with ~. Change the dict elements with the "Minute" key as you see fit – you can add more of them. The integer determines at which minute of every hour the script will be called (see also man launchd.plist on your Terminal).

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
  <key>Label</key>
  <string>me.myname.update-desktop-from-webcam</string>
  <key>ProgramArguments</key>
  <array>
    <string>/Users/myusername/Library/Desktop Pictures/Webcam/getwebcam.sh</string>
  </array>
  <key>RunAtLoad</key>
  <true/>
  <key>StartCalendarInterval</key>
  <array>
    <dict>
      <key>Minute</key>
      <integer>01</integer>
    </dict>
    <dict>
      <key>Minute</key>
      <integer>16</integer>
    </dict>
    <dict>
      <key>Minute</key>
      <integer>31</integer>
    </dict>
    <dict>
      <key>Minute</key>
      <integer>46</integer>
    </dict>
  </array>
</dict>
</plist>

Save the text file to ~/Library/LaunchAgents/me.myname.update-desktop-from-webcam.plist – the name should match the "Label" key in the file.
Load it by issuing the following command:

launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/me.myname.update-desktop-from-webcam.plist


Found a 52.1GB file related to google in mac 'private' folder. can I delete this?

It's a cache file with a name associating it to the browser Google Chrome.

Anything under the path /private/var/folders/* can be deleted and will be repopulated/rebuilt after the next boot.

That is: do not delete /private/var/folders/ itself!

But below that, you may trash anything and then reboot.

Note that a few files will be in use or protected, so you could only delete them via the Trash after a reboot.

In this case: make sure Chrome is closed, then trash only the big file you found and delete the file. Leave the rest as is.


User fingerprint sensor to control media playback

You guessed correctly. Speaking as a developer, there are no APIs Apple provides to interface with the fingerprint reader directly. Even the process of asking to store credentials goes through a system API that really only gives you a success or failure result and an optional reason. As their docs put it:

  The context handles user interaction, and also interfaces to the Secure Enclave, the underlying hardware element that manages biometric data.

You never get to see or interact with that data.

Also, the fingerprint reader on Touch ID-enabled Macs functions as a power button, so there's no way to remap that key to do anything else useful either.


Why do I have to verify payment when downloading a free app?

There are multiple reasons that this may happen. Of late, it has been happening to users who have a credit card registered or have family sharing registered. If you go to iTunes and AppStore in settings, there will be an option to turn off verification for free apps. If credit cards are the cause, change the payment option to none and turn off family sharing.


Download installinstallmacos.py from either:
https://github.com/munki/macadmin-scripts
or
https://github.com/grahampugh/macadmin-scripts
Follow the instructions and you can get a regular DMGs.


How can I attempt to boot an older version of macOS than my hardware supports?

First things first—we need to get verbose boot working, so we can see what the computer is doing. I don't know why cmdV doesn't work, but there's another way.
Open the bootable USB installer in Finder and navigate to Library/Preferences/SystemConfiguration/, then open com.apple.Boot.plist in a text editor. The important section will look something like this:
<dict>
    <key>Kernel Flags</key>
    <string></string>
</dict>

So, currently there are no flags set up. Let's add in the verbose flag by changing it too:
<dict>
    <key>Kernel Flags</key>
    <string>-v</string>
</dict>

If I boot the USB installer with this change, instead of a prohibited sign I'll get a message that reads: "Mac OS X is not supported on this platform!". This is progress—we now know for sure that we're up against a hardware check—but we still need to bypass the check.
Open the USB installer in Finder again, but this time, navigate to System/Library/CoreServices and open PlatformSupport.plist in a text editor. Inside, you will see a list of "SupportedBoardIds" and "SupportedModelProperties".
<dict>
    <key>SupportedBoardIds</key>
    <array>
        <string>Mac-031B6874CF7F642A</string>
        <string>Mac-F2268DC8</string>
        [...]
        <string>Mac-F2218EC8</string>
    </array>
    <key>SupportedModelProperties</key>
    <array>
        <string>MacBookPro4,1</string>
        <string>Macmini5,3</string>
        [...]
        <string>MacBookAir5,1</string>
    </array>
</dict>

All we need to do is add our Mac's Board ID and model to their respective lists.  You can find your model in System Profiler under Hardware Overview, where it's listed as "Model Identifier". In my case, I have a "MacBookAir7,1".
To find the Board ID, open Terminal and enter: ioreg -l | grep -i board-id. My board ID turned out to be "Mac-9F18E312C5C2BF0B".
I added this information to PlatformSupport.plist like so:
<dict>
    <key>SupportedBoardIds</key>
    <array>
        <string>Mac-031B6874CF7F642A</string>
        <string>Mac-F2268DC8</string>
        [...]
        <string>Mac-F2218EC8</string>
        <string>Mac-9F18E312C5C2BF0B</string>
    </array>
    <key>SupportedModelProperties</key>
    <array>
        <string>MacBookPro4,1</string>
        <string>Macmini5,3</string>
        [...]
        <string>MacBookAir5,1</string>
        <string>MacBookAir7,1</string>
    </array>
</dict>

And now when I boot the installer, I get... a kernel panic! Ta-da!

In some cases, this might be the end of the road, but I happen to have one more trick up my sleeve. The XNU kernel used by macOS is open source, so it's possible to compile a custom kernel with support for additional hardware. It's not possible for me to do this, but there exist other people who are smarter than me.
My 2015 Macbook Air uses a Broadwell processor, and I found this kernel for 10.9.5 which purports to add Broadwell support. I might as well give it a try!
I downloaded the attachment and copied mach_kernel to the root of my USB installer drive. Note that if I was trying to install OS X 10.10 or newer, I would have copied it to System/Library/Kernels instead.
In order for the installer to use my custom kernel, I need to tell it to ignore the kernel cache. To do so, I once again opened Library/Preferences/SystemConfiguration/com.apple.Boot.plist in a text editor, and added the -f flag:
<dict>
    <key>Kernel Flags</key>
    <string>-v</string>
    <string>-f</string>
</dict>

Then I tried booting the installer again, and...

Wait a minute. That wasn't supposed to actually work!
For whatever reason, my internal keyboard and trackpad were nonfunctional, so I had to plug in an external keyboard and mouse via USB. But other than that, I was able to open Disk Utility, format the internal drive, and install the OS normally.
It is critical that you do not allow your Mac to automatically reboot at the end of the installation, or you'll just end up with another prohibited sign. Remember how we added our Mac's model and board id to PlatformSupport.plist? We need to also make this change to the copy that's been installed on your hard drive.
When your Mac tells you the installation is complete, immediately open the Terminal app and cp PlatformSupport.plist from System/Library/CoreServices on your USB installer to the equivalent location on your hard drive. If you're using a custom kernel, as I was, make sure to copy that as well. With those changes in place, you can safely allow the installer to reboot!
That's it, you're done—my 2015 Macbook Air successfully booted into a fully-installed copy of Mavericks. Unfortunately, I quickly discovered that there wasn't any graphics acceleration, and I still couldn't use the internal keyboard or trackpad, but I was able to browse the web, play some music, and hop on a Zoom call. And who knows, maybe you'll be luckier than me with your hardware!
Also, there's a global pandemic outside and I had nothing better to do with my Sunday afternoon.

P.S. Final note about custom kernels, they tend to get replaced with every OS update, including minor security updates. Before you install an update, back up your custom mach_kernel, and then copy it back after the installation is complete but before you reboot your machine!
P.P.S. Thank you to AnonMac50 over on the MacRumors forums for giving me the hints about PlatformSupport.plist and com.apple.Boot.plist. The last time I tried this, many years ago, I got totally stuck because I didn't know about those.
Epilogue: A Mac repair shop (DoubleDex) swapped the Logic Board in my 2015 Macbook Air with one from a 2014 Macbook Air. Now Mavericks runs perfectly.


If you can replace the hard drive from your iPod classic with another hard drive from another iPod classic 120GB, then you should be fine. The OS will automatically be on there. If not, it'll download automatically through iTunes. The same case happens if the replacement hard drive has an older version of the firmware.


Driver software for Kensington Turbo Mouse Pro on 10.7

Your wife has excellent taste in input devices. I use the same trackball daily, and if I can't also find a solid Lion solution, I'll be heartbroken (not to mention much less productive).

History:

Kensington shipped four models of this type. The Expert and Turbo versions had slightly different coloring, and each came in wired and wireless versions.

K64213 Expert Mouse Pro
K64214 Turbo Mouse Pro
K64245 Expert Mouse Pro Wireless
K64240 Turbo Mouse Pro Wireless

The good news:

According to Kensington's drivers page, TrackballWorks™ 1.1 for Mac was released on Oct 19, 2011.

[Note: yes, that's TrackballWorks, not MouseWorks—the latter was last updated in 2009.]

The Installation/Notes file says:

  Requirements:
  Apple OSX 10.5.6 Leopard
  Apple OSX 10.6.x Snow Leopard
  Apple OSX 10.7.x Lion

  Description: Enables trackball customization: button functions, pointer speed and acceleration, and scrolling speed and direction.

  Languages: English

  Installation:
  Save the DMG file to your desktop and double-click on it.
  Click on the installer package icon when it appears.
  Follow the on-screen instructions to install the software.

The bad news:

I haven't been able to get it to work, and I'm not the only one.

Kensington support says:

  TrackballWorks - Supported Kensington Devices

  Which Kensington trackball models are compatible with the software application TrackballWorks?

  Kensington TrackballWorks is compatible with SlimBlade TrackBall model K72327, Expert Mouse model K64325, Orbit Trackball w/Scroll Ring model 72337, and Orbit Optical Trackball K64327.

Note that all the supported models have numbers greater than K642nn.

Workarounds?

There are some reports of success with TrackballWorks, so it's worth a try.
There are third-party mouse drivers. Some people have switched over to using USB Overdrive. I'm currently trying out SteerMouse, which makes the trackball work, but only has limited button support.

Neither focuses on supporting Kensington devices, or trackballs in general, which makes things problematic.


Windows-style taskbar functionality in OS X?

Could perhaps HyperDock or DockView meet your needs?