40 Numbers in 9 Bytes
Deadfish, 18

This was actually the first language I tried before I considered infix operators. I'm posting it now for the sheer hilarity of the idea that Deadfish could be useful for something.

iii
ios
sii


For those who don't know Deadfish, i is increment, s is square and o is output, with the accumulator starting at 0 (there's also a 4th instruction d for decrement not used here). The fact that we don't have automatic printing and need to use o is a major drawback, but surprisingly Deadfish doesn't do too terribly here, all things considered. It turns out that the optimal placement of the output operator is in the middle.

iiisoisii 9
iiisiiois 11
iiisiisio 122
iioisiisi 2
iioiisiis 2
iisioiisi 5
iisiisiio 38
iisiisoii 36
iiiiosiis 4
iiiisiosi 17
iiiisiiso 324
isoiiisii 1
isiioiiis 3
isiisiiio 12
oiiiisiis 0
osiiiisii 0
oisiiiisi 0
oiisiiiis 0
siiiisoii 16
sioiiiisi 1
iisiosiii 5
sioiisiii 1
oisiisiii 0
isiisioii 10
siisiioii 6
isiioisii 3
oiisiisii 0
iiosiisii 2
siisoiiii 4
isoisiiii 1
osiisiiii 0
iisiiiosi 7
siiioiisi 3
oiiisiisi 0
siisiiiio 8
iisiiiiso 64
isiiiisio 26
siiiisiio 18
iiosiiiis 2
isiiiiois 5