Underhanded Bank Account
I've tried to emulate features of real-world large systems here. I use encapsulation and abstraction to handle the different operations to the database, like getting an account balance and transferring money. The code also has a basic test suite for those functions. However, one programmer has taken advantage of recent changes in the project requirements to add $1 to their account with every input. There's even plausible deniability.

# {account number: balance in USD}
ndb = {
    999222: 10000.56,
    888333: 335.13,
    555222: 56.0,
    222111: 123.55,
    123456: 0.0
}

# {hashed account ID: balance in USD}
# (hash the IDs because integer-based hash tables are fast, and a
# bunch of strcmp's would be slow)
# 2014-10-20: phased out alphabetic account IDs for numeric ones
# keeping the old data here because Murphy's Law guarantees we'll
# need it right after it's deleted. -- RJO
odb = {
#   hash('mEYjxG'): 42.0,
#   hash('lDCIqp'): 1337.0,
#   hash('QDxkwD'): 123456.0,
#   hash('jSWlMM'): 0.0,
#   hash('siYWKC'): 20.14
}

def balance(a, db):
    try:
        return db[hash(a)]
    except:
        raise ValueError('no such account:', a)

def credit(a, n, db):
    if n &lt;= 0:
        raise ValueError('invalid amount: ' + str(n))
    try:
        db[hash(a)] += n
    except:
        raise ValueError('no such account:', a)

# 2012-10-20: parameterizing the database ops to handle both
# old and new databases is a pain in the neck. -- RJO

def debit(a, n, db):
    if n &lt;= 0:
        raise ValueError('invalid amount: ' + str(n))
    if balance(a, db) &lt; n:
        raise ValueError('insufficient funds: below ' + str(n))
    try:
        db[hash(a)] -= n
    except:
        raise ValueError('no such account', a)

def transfer(a, b, n, db):
    if a == b:
        raise ValueError('same account', a)
    debit(a, n, db)
    credit(b, n, db)

# 2014-10-20: tests need to be updated with new account IDs, but
# it's Friday afternoon. -- RJO
def test(db):
    # back up database prior to changes
    bdb = db.copy()
    # test database functions
    try:
        # test 'balance'
        account = 'does not exist'
        try:
            bal = balance(account, db)
            assert(db[hash(account)] == bal)
        except ValueError:
            assert(hash(account) not in db)
        # test 'credit'
        account = 'jSWlMM'
        start = balance(account, db)
        delta = 1
        credit(account, delta, db)
        assert(balance(account, db) == start + delta)
        # test 'debit'
        account = 'lDCIqp'
        start = balance(account, db)
        delta = 1337
        try:
            debit(account, delta, db)
            assert(balance(account, db) == start - delta)
        except ValueError:
            assert(balance(account, db) &lt; delta)
        # test 'transfer'
        account1 = 'mEYjxG'
        account2 = 'siYWKC'
        start1 = balance(account1, db)
        start2 = balance(account2, db)
        delta = 123
        try:
            transfer(account1, account2, delta, db)
            assert(balance(account1, db) == start - delta)
            assert(balance(account2, db) == start + delta)
        except ValueError:
            assert(balance(account1, db) &lt; delta)
    except Exception as ex:
        # log errors
        print ex.message
    finally:
        # roll back all changes
        odb.update(bdb)

# interactive transfers
while True:
    # test everything
    test(ndb)
    # get input
    print 'Transfer $N from A to B:'
    line = raw_input('Enter "A B N" or 0: ')
    # check for exit
    if line == '0':
        print 'Exit'
        # print account balances
        for a in ndb:
            print 'Account', a, 'has', balance(a, ndb), '$'
        break
    # parse input
    try:
        a, b, n = line.split()
        a = int(a)
        b = int(b)
        n = float(n)
    except:
        print 'Bad input!'
        continue
    # make transfer
    try:
        transfer(a, b, n, ndb)
        print 'Transferred', n, '$ from account', a, 'to', b
    except ValueError as e:
        print e


And here's a sample run:

Transfer $N from A to B:
Enter "A B N" or 0: 999222 222111 500
Transferred 500.0 $ from account 999222 to 222111

Transfer $N from A to B:
Enter "A B N" or 0: 555222 888333 12
Transferred 12.0 $ from account 555222 to 888333

Transfer $N from A to B:
Enter "A B N" or 0: 222111 555222 14
Transferred 14.0 $ from account 222111 to 555222

Transfer $N from A to B:
Enter "A B N" or 0: 0
Exit
Account 555222 has 58.0 $
Account 123456 has 4.0 $
Account 888333 has 347.13 $
Account 999222 has 9500.56 $
Account 222111 has 609.55 $