Rotating a 2D Matrix
Octave, 210 bytes

function M=F(M,R);f=@(z)[-z/2:-1 !eye(!!mod(z,2)) 1:z/2];t=angle(f([x y]=size(M))'+f(y)*i);B=!!M;B(2:x-1,2:y-1)=0;d=bwdist(B,'ch');[~,I]=sortrows([d(:) t(:)]);for k=0:max(d(:));M(h)=shift(M(h=I(d(I)==k)),R);end

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Ungolfed version:
function M=F(M,R)
    [x y]=size(M);
    f=@(z)[-z/2:-1 !eye(!!mod(z,2)) 1:z/2];
    t=angle(f(x)'+f(y)*i);
    B=!!M;
    B(2:x-1,2:y-1)=0;
    d=bwdist(B,'chessboard');
    [~,I]=sortrows([d(:) t(:)]);
    for k=0:max(d(:))
        M(h)=shift(M(h=I(d(I)==k)),R);
    end
end
R=2;
M=randi(10,4,7)
F(M,R)

Explanation:
f=@(z)[-z/2:-1 !eye(!!mod(z,2)) 1:z/2]; 

A function that gets a number and generates a range that is ordered and centered
for input 4 (even) generates  -2  -1   1   2
for input 5(odd) generates -2.5 -1.5 0  1  2 
only it should be ordered and centered
f(x)'+f(y)*i    

a complex matrix generated from ranges
(-2,-2.5) (-2,-1.5) (-2,0) (-2,1) (-2,2)
(-1,-2.5) (-1,-1.5) (-1,0) (-1,1) (-1,2)
(1,-2.5)  (1,-1.5)  (1,0)  (1,1)  (1,2)
(2,-2.5)  (2,-1.5)  (2,0)  (2,1)  (2,2)

t=angle(f(x)'+f(y)*i);                    

Convert rectangular to polar coordinates and return angles so for each ring angles are sorted counteclockwise
-2.25  -2.50  3.14  2.68  2.36
-1.95  -2.16  3.14  2.36  2.03
-1.19  -0.98  0.00  0.79  1.11
-0.90  -0.64  0.00  0.46  0.79


B=!!M;
B(2:x-1,2:y-1)=0;

The following matrix generated
1   1   1   1   1
1   0   0   0   1
1   0   0   0   1
1   1   1   1   1

d=bwdist(B,'chessboard');

Computes the distance transform of B using chessboard distance to generate ring indices
0   0   0   0   0
0   1   1   1   0
0   1   1   1   0
0   0   0   0   0               

for a 6 * 7 matrix we will have the following matrix
0   0   0   0   0   0   0
0   1   1   1   1   1   0
0   1   2   2   2   1   0
0   1   2   2   2   1   0
0   1   1   1   1   1   0
0   0   0   0   0   0   0   

[~,I]=sortrows([d(:) t(:)]);

lexicographic sort first based on ring index and then by order of angle(indices of sorted elements returned)
    for k=0:max(d(:))
        M(h)=shift(M(h=I(d(I)==k)),R);
    end

and finally circular shift each ring.