Alternating sign matrix verification
Jelly, 15 bytes
;Zḟ€0;€-;@€-IFP

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;Zḟ€0;€-;@€-IFP   Main monadic chain. Argument: z

;Z                Concatenate with its transpose.
  ḟ€0             Remove zeros from each sub-list. At this point,
                  one expects lists of the form [1, -1, 1, -1, ..., 1] for truthy,
                  and any other arrays containing purely 1 and -1 for falsey.
     ;€-          Append -1 to each sub-list.
        ;€@-      Prepend -1 to each sub-list.
            I     Compute the difference between each term. At this point,
                  for truthy, one expects arrays filled with 2, and arrays
                  containing 0 otherwise.
             FP   Product of every item. This checks if any item is equal to zero.