How do rate gyros and other sensors send information to the flight control computer in an F-16?
The F-16 uses a MIL-STD-1553 data bus and was the first aircraft to do so.

References: 


https://www.testandmeasurementtips.com/making-measurements-mil-std-1553-connections/
https://www.aim-online.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/aim-ovw1553-u.pdf