How are weight ranges mentioned for GA airplanes in TCDS?
Are there general aviation aircraft that have more than 2 "ranges"


Yes. I happen to fly one (the PA-28 series, TCDS 2A13).
The loading graphs look like this:



Note also that the aircraft is certificated in both the Normal and Utility category, and the weight/CG ranges are different (Utility being a subset of what's permissible for Normal category operations) - so there are two different operating envelopes that must be considered.