Do modern aircrafts like 747/787/A320/A380 have some Plug and Play subsystems/sensors?
It wouldn't make much sense.

By definition "plug and play" would means that the avionics automatically and silently adapts to whether whether the optional device is present or not.

This would mean that if the device is physically fitted, but not in contact with the main avionics -- say, a wire might have broken or shaken loose recently -- then the cockpit instrumentation would look exactly as if it had never been there. This is not desirable: when something the pilot thinks will be available for the flight isn't actually available you want to tell him explicitly so he can decide whether the problem needs to be planned around or reacted to.

Of course there are limits to how much the plane can itself verify that it is whole and in working order -- that's why there are preflight checklists. But to spend engineering effort specifically on allowing it to fail silently when communication with one of the sensors is lost, that would be counterproductive.