Under what conditions can a pilot log simulated instrument time?
It is simply a VFR flight, you need to meet normal VFR requirements plus a qualified safety pilot to watch outside for traffic. I assume this aircraft has the minimum IFR flight instruments not including navigation, and is being used to practice basic instrument attitude skills, otherwise I don't know what the point would be. Flight by reference to instruments implicitly requires instruments to reference; a handheld device can not provide gyroscopic data as these inherently need to be fixed to the aircraft frame.