What color are cockpit weapons control?
Depends what you define as a bonafide control? Lets look at the F/A-18C

Releasing a weapon from the aircraft is not just a case of pushing the red weapons release button or trigger. A MASTER ARM switch is included to prevent the accidental discharge of weapons, (and in some other aircraft countermeasures and stores jettison functionality). The MASTER ARM switch is not painted. 

However this is still not enough, as the systems of the aircraft have to be programmed to release the selected weapon, perhaps by selecting the relevant weapon as configured in the STORES MFD page. In (most?) Hornet (blocks?), the MFD symbology is monochrome green regardless of the page selected. 

There are shortcuts into weapons master modes though: The lowest hat switch on the stick is a shortcut into A/A master mode, with each direction selecting a different A/A weapon and the MFDs being changed to relevant pre-set pages. This switch is black, much like the other stick controls.  

So, the pilot, colour-blind or not, has to be able to locate multiple controls in order to release anything from the aircraft, which are neither painted bright red, the same colour or any differentiating colour from their surroundings, except for the weapons release itself. 

There are enhanced answers to be provided regarding workflows, muscle memory, the actual shape of the controls, training and the priorities of selection. There are much better qualified people here to talk about those. 

P.S. I would provide an image to show where these controls are, but I'm not able to currently.