How do I calculate the required heading for an aircraft carrier with an angled deck to sail into the wind?
A carrier heading of 010 degrees at a speed of 20 knots would give you an acceptable solution.  You could perform some vector addition to compute the resultant wind and perhaps optimize this somewhat, but in reality the winds are generally not constant enough to make minor adjustments worth chasing.  

Even if the winds were calm and the ship was making all 30 knots the crosswind component is almost negligible, and well within limits for any carrier based aircraft.  This happens a lot.  There is a bigger negative effect from  turbulence caused by the island structure when the ship has to make wind than any effect of increased crosswind.