Is there something like a table of aircraft required runway lengths?
Such table would not be useful at all. As the required runway length varies with the aircraft weight, pressure altitude, temperature, aircraft configuration, runway slope, condition (wet, dry), wind, etc.

Examples:


A 7000-foot runway can handle a 747, but listing the 747 under aircraft that can takeoff from 7000' runways does not say how big the weight penalty will be.
A 7000' runway at sea-level is longer than 7000' at a high altitude airport.


I'm afraid you won't find such list.



Related:


For designing a runway, what are the largest cargo airplanes in use?
How can a Boeing 747 takeoff from Princess Juliana 7,546 ft runway?