What information is recorded in aircraft sensor and maintenance logs?
For the F-35, it captures possibly too much. Not just every aspect of the physical operation of the jet, but all the other things the jet can do.
Capturing details on all the radar and sensors that may be trying to track it, route, speed, altitude, G's etc, etc.
The specific details of what is captured and available for download is not generally public info.
The Autonomic Logistics Information System (ALIS) system is going away, to be replaced by Operational Data Integrated Network (ODIN) in late 2020.
https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/31861/replacement-for-f-35s-troubled-alis-cloud-based-brain-rebranded-odin-and-is-still-years-away

The Pentagon says that a replacement for the F-35 Joint Strike
Fighter's long-troubled cloud-based computer brain is finally coming.
The U.S. Air Force, Marine Corps, and Navy have said that the existing
system is one of, if not the most significant factor in the abysmal
mission capable rates for their respective F-35 variants and a major
contributor to the growing sustainment costs for the aircraft.
Unfortunately, the upgraded system is not expected to be in widespread
use until 2022 at the earliest.