What are the structural differences between short- and long-haul airplanes?
Yes, short range airliners are designed for up to 90.000 cycles whereas long range airliners can be designed for 40.000 cycles or less. And it is not only the pressurized cabin that needs to be designed for more load cycles, also the landing gear has a lot more work to do. This should become clear when you calculate how many miles/kilometers an airplane will taxi in its life and compare that to the design life of a regular car.

Your average short range airliner will easily taxi 5 times more miles in its life than your average car will drive.