Can a non-citizen get a pilot job in Canada if they have an FAA CPL?
It would be like taking any other job in Canada.  If you aren't a permanent resident/landed immigrant, you need to obtain a temporary work visa with job offer in hand.  

In Canada you can hire on with a 2nd tier (Regional) carrier with lower hours than the US because there isn't the "Colgan Rule" that requires 1500 hours (US Regionals have complained bitterly about this, because there are situations where they are forced to take inferior candidates because he/she has the hours, and pass on a superstar that is 500 hours short).  

The candidate market is becoming very tight.  Air Canada Jazz operates Q400s and CRJs and is taking pick of the litter kids right out of the colleges and puts them through a more comprehensive training program than the normal two-weeks-then-7-sim-sessions-and-a-checkride whirlwind type course, although off the street candidates will need more time.  West Jet Encore runs Q400s and has dropped their 1500 hour off the street requirement for new FOs down to 1000 hrs and is also running a special mentoring program with the colleges.