For airliners, what prevents wing strikes on landing in bad weather?
It's not how high the wing is off the ground, but the angle between the main landing gear when compressed and the tip of the wing, which with the wing dihedral makes it even higher off the ground – on the MD-80 that's 2.6 m (8'7&quot;). This will be the roll angle limit.

It's for that reason, unlike smaller high-wing general aviation planes, big jet-liners don't decrab as much in a crosswind landing, whereas decrabbing (going one-wing-low) would be a problem. From an MD-80 flight manual:

Crosswind Landing
On final approach, establish a crab angle into the wind to hold the aircraft on the extended centerline of the runway. Maintain the crab angle until just before touchdown, then use the rudder to align the aircraft with the runway. The touchdown is made with cross-controls as necessary to track straight down the runway. Keep wings as level as possible as the wingtip will touch at an 8° bank angle. Do not hold off downwind wheels; prompt and firm runway contact will greatly assist in rollout stabilization.

So the prevention is respecting the limits, good training, and knowing when the weather is too gusty to just abort the landing.
It does remain a concern though. Wikipedia has an article on it, and the issue would also affect the engine when wing mounted, but with the engine typically forward of the wing, it's given better clearance when the nose is still higher for flaring. The A320 accident mentioned on Wikipedia seems to have been the result of both pilots controlling the plane during landing.
In 1997 a 747 hit the runway with the outer engine when landing in Kai Tak:

(flickr.com)
A more recent one is a Bombardier Global 6000 in 2014.