Are there turbofan/turbojet analogues to a centrifugal-compressing jet engine?
Yes, but the classification is not a matrix.

A turbofan by definition needs a fan, but at its core it can have a centrifugal compressor. A good example is the Pratt &amp; Whitney Canada PW600 series. This allows a compact design, at the expense of compression ratio. It works well for low-thrust applications such as the Cessna Mustang. The advantages are the engine being small, lightweight, and having fewer parts.

(Google Patents) The arrows point at the two-stage compressor. The first stage is a mixed flow compressor rotor, and the second stage is a centrifugal compressor. Label 9 is the fan up ahead.

The PW617F provides a whopping 7.18 kN (1,615 lbf) of thrust and weighs under 180 kg. (The fan is slightly bigger than a human hand.)

You can watch a moving cutaway model for the JT15D turbofan with a centrifugal HPC here.