Bed sheet as wing skin?
Absolutely you can use a fabric for covering and airframe.  I used to build large scale R/C aircraft much like they used to build real world aircraft. I used fine silk to cover the wings, elevator, tail, and fuselage. I used epoxy to adhere it to the wooden airframe and then later apply some kind of lacquer, which serves to shrink and pull tight the silk and also makes it airtight. This can then be painted or not.  Silk is a very strong lightweight material. The performance is actually probably better than many modern materials, but probably would not hold up to the elements as well over time.