Does transition to SBAS or GBAS navigation require alignment of the intermediate segment with final segment?
I've never seen an SBAS approach that had more than one intermediate segment. In all cases, the IAF/IF is aligned and more than 2 NM from the FAF. There may be multiple IAFs that feed directly to the IAF/IF. A good example is the PSM RNAV (GPS) RWY 16:



As you can see, ITAWA is aligned with PUDYE.  You can get to ITAWA via SATAN, ITAWT, or directly. Arriving directly at ITAWA requires flying the procedure hold to establish the final approach course.

GBAS (or GLS in the US) is intended as a functional replacement for ILS and as such one of the goals is that GLS mimics the behavior of an ILS. As a result, the GLS procedures are designed to be flown just like an ILS approach.  

You can compare the GLS and ILS approaches to Newark Rwy 04L below:

 

If you compare the two, you'll see the path from the FAF HOWYA to the MAP is identical. The IFs are slightly different as the GLS IF EMBAY is a pure extension of the glide path out to 2800 elevation. The ILS path is slightly different vertically between the IF and FAF due to having to identify the IF via the DME.