Can jet engine ingest (suck in) concrete from runway?
Small, loose pieces, it sure could.  But those are small flakes which would fit in your hands.  Large chunks, it’s doubtful that the suction could lift them to ingest them off the runway.  Now there’s a chance such a piece could get kicked up by the nosewheel of an airplane during a ground roll and thrown into the intake of an engine.  Airports generally have surface crews which periodically do FOD sweeps of the runways and taxiways looking for debris like that.