Are there any aircraft with a nose wheel braking system?
There are quite a few 727 that actually had nose wheel braking, however they utilized it only for maximum braking power. (Also they were proven to be ineffective and unreliable, so a service bulletin was written to remove the system).

Saab Gripens use nose wheel brakes to stop as well, the main gear sits farther aft than most planes, so there is quite a bit of weight on the nose gear, which makes it effective for stopping.