Are fly-by-wire fighters protected in AoA?
Brief answer: Yes, but the protection does not always work.

Most modern fighter aircraft have an AoA limiter. That is different from a stall warning – in case of the McDonnell Douglas F-4 the limit was only 23 degree, below the stall limit. The reason for the limit was the loss of directional stability above 23 degree AoA.

In case of the JAS-39 Gripen the limiter worked in a straight pitch-up but when the pilot repeatedly pitched up during a flight display over Stockholm, the dynamic response overpowered the AoA limiter and the aircraft stalled. It fell like a stone into a public park, miraculously without loss of life.

In another accident the JAS-39 FCS software got confused after the controls could not follow the change in angle of attack quickly enough when one aircraft flew through the wake of another, its adversary in an air combat exercise. This caused the safe limit of 20 degree to be exceeded and the aircraft became uncontrollable.