The FARs "require" the wearing of parachutes for certain types of maneuvers. Is parachute training required?
No, no training required. But I tried to train my aerobatic students.

I was trained. Working as a CFI I told my students how to adjust the straps, where the D ring was and how to pull it after exiting the aircraft.  I suggested how to end the ride down with minimal damage to themselves.

As far as when to pull the pins on the door and depart is concerned.  If they hadn't heard me say "Jump" the noise of the air rushing in through the hole caused by my missing door and the lack of my butt in the seat - was a reminder that is was time to leave.