Would it be feasible for a typical passenger jet to carry along its own Oxidizer?
Short answer: Yes for a short-range airliner, but it would cost a couple of seat rows. No for long-range travel.

Longer answer: To burn 1 kg of Kerosene you need 15.6 kg of air or 3.59 kg of O$_2$. Its density as a liquid is 1.14 kg/l, so it will use 2.65 times the volume of fuel. A cryogenic tank with sufficient insulation is required, though. This means it should have as little surface area per volume as possible. You could not put the LOX into the wing tanks, but need something with a spherical shape somewhere in the fuselage.

If a large commercial airliner needs 100 tons of fuel, it would need to add 359 tons of oxygen. This would be already close to its own takeoff mass, so adding the oxygen will make the airplane too heavy. If, however, you are content with a short-range version of the same airliner that consumes just 20 tons of kerosene for its trip, the needed 72 tons of LOX would require a volume of 63 m³ which is equal to a sphere of 5 m diameter. This would fit nicely into the cabin of a wide body airliner and allow for some insulation. For cg reasons the tank would be right after the wing spar carrythrough, so the airliner would have two short cabins, one ahead and one aft of the tank.

Sorry, the 747 hump cannot be used for LOX storage - the cg shift would be too big.

For running regular jet engines you would still need lots of process gas. To carry that along as well is impossible, even for a short hop. Process gas is all the nitrogen and extra oxygen which is compressed, heated and then ducted through the turbines and accelerated on the way out, but does not actively take part in the combustion. Without that mass of gas thrust would be much lower, or the exhaust speed would need to be much higher for the same thrust, turning the engine into a rocket.