Trouble with Wi-Fi on GSM Galaxy Nexus running Jelly Bean
I had the same issue with my galaxy note 2 after upgrade to 4.1.2. No wifi worked after the upgrade reboot. After lots of trial and error I found that the only wifi working consistently was wep/psk/tkip. No protocol using aes encryption worked - merely "obtaining ip address".
This doesn't solve the problem, merely a temporary workaround. Good luck.

Forgot to mention that the wep/psk/tkip must be set on your router. Power cycle your phone and reenter your password when the phone attempts to connect. Also I found that turning off power saving mode on the phone also is required. Go to phone dialer and enter *#0011# to enter phone command mode.  Select menu options and click Wifi option. Turn off power saving mode. Power saving mode = ON is default so must be changed after every power cycle.