How can I view a certificate's details in Chrome on Android?
Click on Green Padlock symbol in navigation bar next to URL, click on Details and click on Certificate Information to view the Connection details.   

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You can also view DigiCert SHA2 CA, High Assurance CA in the drop-down under certificate viewer.

EDIT:  

For HTTPS websites without a Green padlock, Chrome will give an error saying 
Your connection is not private if you're visiting the site for the first time and you can click on the Red Padlock -> Details -> Certificate Information.  

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Also, if you're not getting the Red padlock when you visit the page, that's because you've clicked on Proceeed to Webiste, I understand the risks.  

To get back that Red padlock you have to Clear cookies. To do that, Chrome &rarr; Settings &rarr; Privacy &rarr; Clear Browsing data &rarr; Clear Cookies and site data.