VZW Galaxy Nexus exhibiting bizarre charging behavior
According to the official bug report here, starting at about post 26, it seems the sentiment is that this is a hardware issue.

I have contacted Verizon and they are shipping me a replacement. I will update the question again if this does not permanently resolve the issue.

http://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=23789&amp;q=label%3APriority-Medium&amp;colspec=ID%20Type%20Status%20Owner%20Summary%20Stars