How can I take a log snapshot of device information?
This can be accomplished several ways.  

Since you sound very interested in your tech - but maybe not all-about-the-coding - my thought is to grab something like zooper widgets and build a widget with all of the data you want. It can easily grab most of what you're looking for with no coding required, plus you get to learn a little something about your OS and gear. 

With that homemade widget on your screen of choice, do a screenshot and you've got your info all in one place.