Incompatible / error connecting as MTP device after unlocking and rooting Nexus 4
Are you able to replicate the same error on other computers and OSs? If it's just your computer, remove all drivers and related software and then connect your device and add them again. 

Otherwise, you can attempt to ftp to your device using Solid Explorer. It does not require a cable; you'd be able to transfer files over WiFi (albeit a little slower).