Using Laptop's internet on Android Phone
Turn your laptop into a WiFi hotspot. See Turn Your Windows 7 Laptop into a WiFi Hotspot with Connectify as an example. In a GNU/Linux system, use hostapd for this purpose. (Actually, if you don't like the idea of writing a configuration file for hostapd, the popular NetworkManager tool also supports managing an AP now, but this is not available through its GUI tools; it requires a manual tweak in its configuration file for mode=ap. ">Reference in Russian.)

Then use WiFi from your mobile phone to connect to the laptop's WiFi.