Android 10 Desktop mode on Linux laptop
Notebooks usually don't have ports (HDMI, display-port) for display-input, only display-output for connecting an external monitor/TV.
If you want to remote-control your phone from your Linux laptop I recommend the software scrcpy to you. It let you use mouse and keyboard from a PC and see the display of the smartphone on your monitor/laptop display. The connection uses the USB cable, you only need to activate Android Developer Options and the Android Debug Bridge (adb).