Is there a way to display calendar notifications without having to unlock the screen?
WidgetLocker is a great lock-screen replacement that will allow you to put any widget installed on your phone on the lock-screen.  You can also configure it to allow your Notification bar to be usable.  The actual calendar popup I'm not sure about, but I know you'd be able to see it when it shows up in your notification bar, and from there you can open it up and snooze/dismiss it.