Close/reset Chrome tab(s) without launching Chrome
Just in case no better answer is given, I found a workaround by mere chance. Another program (Play Store) decided to open some web-page. Since Chrome was a default browser, it launched Chrome with a new tab. This means that the last opened tab (which was my problematic one) was not made active and hence Chrome hasn't tried to display it. I was then able to close that tab as usual, and then open it again. This time Chrome downloaded the content from the web and since I corrected it, the problem was resolved.