Galaxy S3 , Supersu reports no SU binary installed
I would suggest you root again eg. with CF-Autoroot. You can find some answers in the FAQ of xda-developers: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2148708

If you have CWM-recovery already installed then just boot into it and reboot again. It should tell you that root access is missing and you should fix that by simply accepting the recovery's offer of fixing root for you. Then you just need to update SuperSU and use it to update the su binary.

Even though they advise you to use Odin on Windows using Heimdall should work as well.