Call history not showing when expanding the contact details
I have a similar stock Android device with the Google Phone and Contacts app. And the call history under the contact has been missing since a long time now.
The only way to access the call history (for me) is to single tap on the contact name from the dialer/phone app and choosing history.



I know that's not your answer, but it is obvious that Google Contacts app does not have that implemented. You can probably choose a different Contacts app which has call log implemented under the contact details. 

If it was working for you until recently, then uninstalling the updates for the app can help. You can do it in Settings > Apps. Probably an old version supported it and then Google decided to kill the nice functionality (as it always does).