How can I view SSL certificate information (the padlock popup in Chrome desktop) in Chrome Mobile?
The page info was simplified as the security information was cryptic for "most users":
https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=302561

A subsequent issue has been raised to reimplement more detailed connection info:
https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=425158

The latter issue has reportedly been started/assigned, so hopefully this will be fixed soon.

EDIT: Chrome 44 for Android has now been released (as stable). This reintroduces the connection info.