Android - 2-ways USB sync for multiple calendars from outlook 2013 to phone
I have 3 calendars into that Outlook, lets says they are called C1
  (personal), C2 (professional) and C3 (family). Into these calendars, I
  have many years of events, and multiple kind of events : recurring,
  multi-days, full day events, events with alarms, recurring events that
  start on 1900 (cause I don't know the right year for them). Note : I
  don't use the category feature of events.


CompanionLink can do this. You will need to use their Android app (DejaOffice) to hold Outlook data on the phone. You will do USB sync for C1-C3 to DejaOffice Calendar. While this still merges all Outlook Calendars in one calendar in DejaOffice, C1, C2, and C3 are denoted as Categories in DejaOffice Calendar so you can easily filter and see appointments for each. If you create an appointment on the phone and assign it to the C2 Category in DejaOffice, it will sync back to Outlook's C2 Calendar. USB sync is supported. This works for Contacts + Calendar (and Tasks and Notes if you wish). Multi-day events are fully supported; not sure why you got the impression that they aren't...?

Link: http://www.companionlink.com/android/outlook/

Disclosure: I work for CompanionLink, and this kind of setup is a common one we deal with.