Running "tcpdump" on Android shell gives error: "not executable: 32-bit ELF file"
You are on x86 architecture but trying to run a tcpdump binary built for ARM architecture. Link2 provides source code and link1 a 32-bit ARM binary which won't work obviously. You need a 32-bit executable for Intel / AMD processors which you can build from source code, or try this one.

RELATED: ARM vs. x86.