Micro SD Card Suddenly not Recognized in Phone Slot Only
You may be experiencing some specific partitioning incompatibility. Try to compare the partition table of cards mountable in your phone with the unmountable card.
Here are some things you might want to take note of:


File systems (exFAT, FAT32, ext4, etc).
GPT vs. MBR.
Hidden partitions or unused spaces preceding the main data partition.