How to enable USB debugging in LineageOS 14 on Moto G2014?
I went with my Android knowledge of tapping 6 times on the build number in the phone settings. This shows a screen with my home screen background and the LineageOS emblem.


Despite what you claimed, you've tapped the wrong place. Tapping "Android version" will show a big N; tapping "LineageOS version" will show you the LOS logo; tapping the actual "Build number" item, which is the second-to-last item in the About phone menu, is what you should go for.

On top of that, it should be tapped 7 times, and each tap should notify you about needing more taps to unlock Dev Options.