Am I able to use the Chrome version of the Mindstorm software on a Windows/Mac laptop?
LEGO Education has a new programming software called EV3 Classroom that will work on Windows, Mac and Chromebooks that can run Android apps. This is probably the best option for the devices listed but won't work on all Chromebooks. It is available from the LEGO Education download page.
The retired Chrome app only works on Chromebooks.
MakeCode could be an option too.