How to properly prepare a weeks worth of pasta and microwave it at work
No leftover pasta is going to have the exact same quality as freshly prepared.

If you store the pasta with the sauce, it is going to continue to absorb moisture, and the texture will get softer, and the sauce will become thicker and reduced in volume due to the absorption of the water.

The thing is, if you are using jarred pasta sauce, it doesn't really need to be cooked (it was cooked as part of the manufacturing and canning process); it just needs to be reheated to be enjoyable.

Microwaves can also boil water, although you should be very careful due to the risk of superheating.  I suggest getting a small electric kettle if one is not already available.

Bring water up to a boil in the electric kettle (its faster and easier than doing it in the microwave, and doesn't have the risk of superheating).   Pour the hot water into a microwave safe container, and add one portion of uncooked pasta.  Stir for a few seconds to dissolve the surface starches and prevent sticking.   Microwave on high, covered, until it is almost done to your liking.   It doesn't have to stay at a full boil ; anything above 180 F / 82 C will do.  It also does not require a huge volume of water.  You may want to stir once or twice during the cooking period.   

This is easiest with short pasta shapes like farfalle or penne, which easily can be cooked in a smaller container.  Even long pasta like spaghetti will work if you break it in half and allow it to soften so that it all goes into the water--and very thin pasta like angel hair or cappelini will cook more quickly.

When it is almost done, drain it, add the cold sauce, and microwave a little more to heat the sauce through and finish off the pasta.

You will need to experiment to learn the best times (the pasta may cook somewhat more slowly than the stovetop method), but this method is extremely effective.

It will take  longer than just reheating food, so be courteous to your co-workers in choosing when to do it, to prevent workplace strife.

Note:  this method can be employed without the electric kettle.  If you are going to bring the water to a boil in a microwave, take steps to prevent super-heating, by leaving a wooden chopstick, popsicle stick, or similar in the water to provide nucleation points.