What kind of dough do you use to make typical american donuts?
There are two major families of North American style donuts:


Yeast raised donuts are a very sweet yeast raised dough.  (Sample recipe from Pioneer Woman blog).
So-called "cake donuts" which are made from a quickbread like batter very similar to muffin batter, only fried instead of baked.  (Sample recipe for chocolate cake donuts from Serious Eats.)


If you google, you will find a multitude of donut recipes, in a wide variety of styles and levels of complexity, but almost all of them fall into one of the two groups above.

Note:  I am not sure that The Simpsons has ever revealed Homer's preference in donuts.