Do foods labeled "non-GMO" only (and not "organic") have more pesticides in them?
No. &quot;No-GMO&quot; means exactly that. There is no Genetically Modified Organism in the content of your purchase.
In general you GMO your veggies and wheat (and others) so you don't need to use pesticides on them because they are designed to be more resistant.
So yes, your question

Do non-GMO foods actually have more pesticides in them?

come from that logic. You need to spray food from outside because it's not resistant on it's own. So the amount of chemicals per tone (or hectare) is higher in &quot;non GMO&quot; than it is in GMO.
Organic thought it totally depended on law. In EU to call something organic you need to stay below certain quota of pesticides per hectare (in big generalisation, you can read more here EU law on organic production)
BUT
There is doubt about what you call PESTICIDE. Because you can use synthetic one (Like the one Monsato is making) or natural one (like tobacco). The first one is more to be used in big industrial farms, while natural can be easily made in small farms where it's more financially better to have their own plot of natural pesticide.