Where in the US can I purchase Turkish Coffee/Cafe Botz/Mud Coffee
Turkish coffee is simply a very, very fine grind - basically ground into a powder - prepared by boiling it and subsequently waiting for sedimentation, more or less as you describe in the question.

There is no particular kind of coffee you need for it - any will do.

Just buy whole coffee beans in any coffee shop or bulk food store and ask for a very fine (Turkish) grind.  Most burr grinders can handle this; as Michael says, you can also buy your own burr grinder or use a specialized Turkish grinder.  Either one will tend to run you around $100.

(Note that you probably won't be able to get the right grind with the majority of blade grinders.  They're just too imprecise.)

Commenter Martha also points out that many coffees marketed as Turkish coffee will also contain a certain amount of cardamom or cloves, which is confirmed by several internet sources. If you try it with pure coffee and it doesn't taste right, try adding a small amount.