What is different about "sprouted barley"?
What does &quot;sprouted&quot; mean?

germination is the process by which an organism grows from a seed or similar structure while sprouting is the process by which seeds are induced to sprout or germinate for commercial purposes.

In the case of sprouted food grains such as barley and rice the seeds are allowed to start the growing process (germination). It won't have a shoot because the process is usually stopped early, but it's enough to change the nutritional value of the seeds.
As explained here,

Recent studies have shown that if we actually allow those seeds to begin their growing process and then bring that to a halt before eating, their nutritional punch is multiplied significantly.

So sprouted or germinated grains will be easier to digest, therefore higher nutritional value than the regular (non-sprouted) variety.