My stepper motor connected to a driver and an Arduino is not working
For those who missed the comments, what I made a mistake in, as @JRobert pointed is that I was suppose to have connected the stepper motor to a separate power supply as the Arduino was not capable of so much resources. I also altered the code as I think I had gotten the steps-per-revolution wrong which is needed in the Stepper function in the Arduino Code. One needs to check this with the datasheet or somewhere online for the respective stepper motor model. The final code that got it working is here. All thanks to @JRobert for helping me figure out the solution :)