Differing Serial Values Between Arduino Uno and TTGO ESP32 SX1276
Do different boards analogRead differently?


Yes.

Your typical Arduino has a 10-bit ADC. That can give values between 0 and 1023 (210-1), with 400 falling just short of half way.

The ESP32 has a 12-bit ADC. That gives values between 0 and 4095 (212-1), which means that your 2000 falls, yes, just short of half way.

It is not the value from the ADC that is important - it is what the value represents. It is meaningless until you convert it into something meaningful, like a voltage.

Like asking "How heavy is it?" -- "It's 23." Completely meaningless, until you qualify it with units, and the units are different because of the different resolutions, so you need to "convert" it into units that have a meaning.

Typically the value represents a proportion of the supply voltage (but not necessarily: it's actually a proportion of the ADC reference voltage, which is often the same thing as the supply voltage).  On the Arduino the value is 1/1024th of the supply voltage. On the ESP32 it's 1/4096th.