Programming arduino via bluetooth module issue
I wrote the tutorial you were following so maybe I can help. When I was building the circuit initially I used some of the other tutorials out there on Arduino Bluetooth programming which don't have a lot of the extra resistors and capacitor.  However, I couldn't get any of those to work reliably.  Using a circuit simulator and some trial and error, I ended up with the circuit shown in the tutorial which worked for me.

While there "doesn't seem to be a need for" some of the extra passives, if your circuit doesn't work without them, perhaps there is a need for them after all? ;-) Now, I have heard from other people that they were able to leave out certain bits so it seems that there is some variability in the hardware. But we're talking four passives to ensure reliable operation, so why leave them out?

Anyway, a couple of points:


Pin 32 on the HC-05 becomes active upon Bluetooth connection.  We configure the pin to be active low so we can use it to auto-reset the Arduino upon serial connection to emulate what happens with the normal USB connection.  You can leave out the connection to pin 32 only if you want to have to manually reset the Arduino to program it.
The 115200 baud rate is the rate for programming the Arduino and is set by the Arduino bootloader.  It is possible to re-flash the bootloader with a different configuration if you needed to for some reason.  
So, the programming baud rate is fixed in the bootloader, but the communication baud rate is configurable in software using Serial.begin(). However, the HC-05's baud rate has to be the same as the Arduino's, so you need to stick with the same baud rate for both programming and communication (115200 by default).
There are two resistors involved with the reset, R3 and R2.  I believe R2 is only necessary for 5V Arduinos to act as a voltage divider with R3.  However, R3 should be included for any voltage Arduino. See this Atmel design note - "The reset line has an internal pull-up resistor, but if the environment is noisy it can be insufficient and reset can therefore occur sporadically ... This pull-up resistor makes sure that reset does not go low unintended." R3 should be 4.7k or greater; most designs stick with 10k.
The capacitor C1 is necessary because Pin 32 stays low the entire time Bluetooth is connected.  If you connect RST to Pin 32 directly, the Arduino will just stay reset until the Bluetooth connection drops and nothing will work just as if you held down the reset button and never let go.

With C1 in place, when Pin 32 goes low it will momentarily discharge C1, pulling RST low and resetting the Arduino. C1 will immediately begin charging through R3 back up to VCC which will restore RST to high, bringing the Arduino out of reset.  The values of R3 and C1 affect the timing of the reset and must be chosen appropriately.
Don't forget R1.  I can't remember the reason it is helpful, but it has something to do with the Arduino/Atmel UART.  I found the recommendation for adding it one day on an Atmel discussion board and it has solved a non-working circuit for me many times.


Hope that helps!