How do I know the sampling frequency?
The Arduino ADC clock speed is set in ..arduino-1.5.5\hardware\arduino\avr\cores\arduino\wiring.c

Here is the relevant part

#if defined(ADCSRA)
    // Set A/D prescale factor to 128
    // 16 MHz / 128 = 125 KHz, inside the desired 50-200 KHz range.
    // XXX: this will not work properly for other clock speeds, and
    // this code should use F_CPU to determine the prescale factor.
    sbi(ADCSRA, ADPS2);
    sbi(ADCSRA, ADPS1);
    sbi(ADCSRA, ADPS0);

    // Enable A/D conversions
    sbi(ADCSRA, ADEN);
#endif


For a 16&nbsp;MHz Arduino the ADC clock is set to 16&nbsp;MHz/128 = 125&nbsp;KHz. Each conversion in AVR takes 13 ADC clocks so 125&nbsp;KHz /13 = 9615&nbsp;Hz.

That is the maximum possible sampling rate, but the actual sampling rate in your application depends on the interval between successive conversions calls.
Since you read the result and send it through the serial port, you are getting a delay that increases as the baud rate decreases. The lower the baud rate the longer it will take to send the same length of data and the longer it will take to call the next ADC conversion.

The actual sampling rate in your application can be determined with the use of a debugger or a simulator, but an easier solution is to toggle a digital pin every time you execute a conversion and measure the frequency that the digital pin toggles at.