Can I power an NodeMCU trough VIN providing 5v
Can I use the micro usb's 5v to power the board through the VIN or do any solution require more equipment than that ?


Yes. That is the pin's purpose.  You can use any voltage from about 4.5V up to 20V, although higher voltages will cause more heat from the on-board 3.3V regulator.

VIN just connects to the 5V of the USB.