Methodology for designing/prototyping LED patterns
For designing patterns for visual evaluation, it would be better to just have the arduino/controller be a pass-through from something like a full computer. There is a project called FadeCandy, which allows one to send various patterns to a WS2812 chain using a protocol called Open Pixel Control.

Some options would be to build or buy a FadeCandy board, or to implement the OPC protocol on your own arduino so that you can play around with test patterns and designs in a rapid development environment like Python or just making the raw patterns in a file and dumping that to your device over the serial port or TPC, etc.

Once you have your patterns or design the way you want it, then you can translate it to C code and FastLED, knowing you have a fixed specification you are trying to implement, rather than reflashing an arduino for every iteration.