Hacking old car dvd monitors with arduino
Your best bet is to try to take the casing off until you find a company name so that you can get a lead on where to look for documentation. Because until you find out more about how that screen works, it's a black box to you and you don't know what to put in it. No one else will be able to help you until you provide more information to this extent because no one else can hold it in their hands, and the photo of the socket that you showed us doesn't look like a common display format either.

Also, you're very unlikely to make a PC-type thing out of this. That depends on the power of the computer behind the display and an arduino isn't that powerful. You want a Pi. Or maybe I'm misunderstanding what you want. You could easily get a scrolling text type thing going or maybe even a game (if you figure out how to make it work).

Edit: I just looked up a sample LCD screen and it has 6 signal pins and power and ground. Yours looks like it has a lot more. So you definitely have some digging to do.