Connecting Arduino Mega + SIM800L to a car battery
With this setup you are overstressing the onboard regulator, while wasting a lot of power (not suggested on a battery setup, even if the battery is quite big).

First of all, the power. You have a MEGA, which runs at 5V/few mA, and a SIM800L, which runs at 4V/2A. I suggest you to have two power supplies. On ebay you can find cheap XL4015 converters rated at 5A. You connect IN+ to the +12V, IN- to the ground, then set the first one to output 5V, while the other to 4V. If you want to have the most correct powering scheme connect the 5V to the USB port, otherwise connect it to the +5V pins (note that you will exclude the fuse).

Then there is another problem: the UART levels. As a first approximation you can hope that the arduino reads the correct levels, so you'll just have to lower the TX voltage from 5V to 3.3V. You can do this by using a voltage divider with a 4.7k resistor between arduino TX and SIM RX and a 10k resistor between SIM RX and ground (see, for instance, how they did it in this image).