Are there any constants for default SPI port pins defined?
Yes there are. They are defined in pins_arduino.h Below the pins for the yun.

// Map SPI port to 'new' pins D14..D17
static const uint8_t SS   = 17;
static const uint8_t MOSI = 16;
static const uint8_t MISO = 14;
static const uint8_t SCK  = 15;


Use SS MOSI MISO and SCK in your code