Arduino Mega prototype analog timer interrupts: newbie question
How would I use interrupts (timer, pin change interrupt?) for an analog pin that triggers when the vibration sensor is triggered, resulting in other components operating?


Thee best and most authoritative answer to that and all your other questions about the chip can be found in thee device data sheet and the compiler manual. Read them thoroughly and then write code to the data sheet to experiment.

Your can fire example have an analog interrupt where the chip constantly does ADC on the pin attached to the sensor and you can test the value of the ADC to see if certain trigger conditions are met and take appropriate actions.

The same with timers, etc. The data sheet is your best friend.