Best way of storing extra data for Arduino project
EEPROM writes are limited to about 100k cycles.  They are for permanent or semi-permanent data (like your absolute speed threshhold - 120kmh, for example).

You should not store your speed camera base here.

Get a MicroSD adapter and save your data there.  Looping thru 36000 speed trap locations is going to put a toll on your processor and memory.  I recommend that you determine a binding box (+/- 2 degrees, for example) and save a temp file with only those traps inside the box.  recheck every time your position changes a full degree (N/S or E/W).

Notice: in some countries, Brazil for example, distributing information regarding speed trap locations is illegal (obstruction of justice).