How can I control neopixels attached to a Digispark?
You need a dedicated microcontroller since you need very precise timing for controlling the neopixels. It works well on an ATTiny85, we are using Adafruit Trinket boards to control Neopixels and work well. So far up to 12 pixels :) 

You can download a Trinket Neopixel library, which is modded for an internal osc ATTiny85 from Adafruit.

Then your Raspi can talk to the microcontroller. It is a little problematic, though, since the software serial port handling consumes too much memory on ATTiny, and the ATTiny will ignore all serial input while refreshing the neopixels. Therefore you may get it easier by using an Arduino UNO, or Leonardo or Micro which is powerful enough for many pixels, and have a built-in hardware serial port.

As a matter of fact, you can talk to these Arduino boards as if it would be a serial port, so just plug in a Leonardo over USB and you'll get a new serial port in Rpi to talk to.