Are all Arduino shields compatible with all Arduino boards?
When you want to choose a shield for your board you should check:

1- Pin-out, this one is the least concerning one , Most arduino boards are Shield pin-out compatible and you can verify it visually, for others, normally there are some converter boards (e.g for NANO), and in the worst case, building a converter board or wiring the shield to board is trivial in most situations.

2- Shield operating voltage should match your board's, most shields operate at 5V, 3.3V or both. Normally AVR-based boards (e.g. UNO, Mega, ...) operate at 5V and ARM based ones (e.g. Due, ...) operate at 3.3V, So we should choose the shield accordingly (just keep in mind that most shield are designed with Arduino UNO in mind so it's more likely that your shields operate at 5V).

3- Library, Lots of Libraries for Arduino shields bypass Arduino library abstraction (mostly for performance reasons) and use hardware specific features (e.g directly write on specific ports), here is source of some incompatibilities between your board and the shield, for example there are handful of TFT LCD shields in the market which their library only supports UNO boards, in these cases you should either port it to your board's (based on micro-controller model and it's architecture, sometimes its as easy as changing some pin/port definitions and sometimes as hard as writing the library from scratch).