HashMap or other collection?
It really depends on what you're using the map for.
As already raised, you are overwriting the map for each line you read.

If you want to do something with the data later then I'd recommend creating a custom object with the fields for each column. Then you could store it in a list or a map with one of the values as a key (the value should be unique to prevent clashes) for future use. 

If you're operating on it within the line read loop then you don't even need a data structure, just operate on the data right there and then.

Really until we know what you want to do with the data it is hard to say if you're using the correct data structure.

As a final note you state it is space delimited, I'd probably use String.split(" ") to create an array of your column data instead of using absolute references in your substring call, this would allow for cases where the data is larger than your substring range but still delimited by a space, unless you're absolutely sure the data is in a fixed format and is clean.