Extracting address information from non-formatted text
BUG
First you split by space and then you test if those chunks contain it. The answer will always be no. From the fact that you still test for it however, I guess that you actually expect them to be there, so some valid postal codes will not be detected.
Mistakes

You iterate one too many times,
In … || highlightdata[i].indexOf(' ') &amp;&amp; … you probably forgot  == 1,
Due to precedence of &amp;&amp; over || and lack of parentheses your logical statement works differently than you probably intended,

Remarks

Use of for…of would benefit readability and performance,

No need to define 4 array variables that will later end up in an object — create an object with 4 arrays right away and push there directly,

Use strict equality === operator — it performs no type conversion and you avoid potential pitfails,

Use const and let rather than var — they won't exist in the entire execution context and enable performance optimization,

highlightdata[i].indexOf('-') == 1 will at most go through the entire string — use highlightdata[i].charAt(1) === '-' instead,

!highlightdata[i].includes('-') is more idiomatic and concise than highlightdata[i].indexOf('-') !== -1,

No need to declare var i before the loop,

Naming convention: use camelCase,

2 space and line break after } are more popular formatting choices,

Be consistent with the kind of quotes you use.


Rewrite
Effectively it works like the original code. Therefore it is broken as well.
const checkAddress = serverPackage =&gt; {
  const info = {postal: [], streetNumber: [], streetType: [], potentialName: []};

  for (const token of serverPackage.split(' ')) {
    if(!isNaN(token)) {
      info.streetNumber.push(token);
    }
    else if (postalCheck.test(token)) {
      if (token.charAt(1) === '-' || token.length === 6) {
        info.postal.push(token);
      }
      else if (!token.includes('-') || token.length === 7) {
        info.postal.push(token);
      }
    }
    else if (streetTypeCheck.test(token)) {
      info.streetType.push(token);
    }
    else if (nameCheck.test(token)) {
      info.potentialName.push(token);
    }
  }

  return info;
};