Check for Scrabble double letter bonus
So, I am going to answer you javascript question using python code because I think the concepts are identical and I was too lazy to make sure my javascript syntax was right.

A couple of ways to simplify your expression include:

Use a lookup table:

I find this implementation more intuitive and much easier to debug.

double_letter_cells = [
    #ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO
    '...1.......1...',  # 1
    '...............',  # 2
    '......1.1......',  # 3
    '1......1......1',  # 4
    '...............',  # 5
    '...............',  # 6
    '..1...1.1...1..',  # 7
    '...1.......1...',  # 8
    '..1...1.1...1..',  # 9
    '...............',  # 10
    '...............',  # 11
    '1......1......1',  # 12
    '......1.1......',  # 12
    '...............',  # 14
    '...1.......1...',  # 15
]

def checkDoubleLetterCell(row, col):
    return double_letter_cells[row][col] == '1'


Build some intermediate products:

If you really need the stacked logic, you can produce some intermediate products which are then much easier to verify and understand.

SCRABBLE_SIZE = 15
middle = int(SCRABBLE_SIZE / 2)

def checkDoubleLetterCell(row, col):
    one_off_middle_row = (row == middle - 1) or (row == middle + 1)
    one_off_middle_col = (col == middle - 1) or (col == middle + 1)
    outer_middle_row = (
        row == 0 or row == SCRABBLE_SIZE - 1 or row == middle)
    outer_middle_col = (
        col == 0 or col == SCRABBLE_SIZE - 1 or col == middle)

    middle_middle_row = row == middle + int(middle / 2) + 1 or \
                        row == middle - int(middle / 2) - 1
    middle_middle_col = col == middle + int(middle / 2) + 1 or \
                        col == middle - int(middle / 2) - 1

    middle_middle_plus_row = row == middle + int(middle / 2) + 2 or \
                             row == middle - int(middle / 2) - 2
    middle_middle_plus_col = col == middle + int(middle / 2) + 2 or \
                             col == middle - int(middle / 2) - 2

    return (
        one_off_middle_row and one_off_middle_col or
        outer_middle_row and middle_middle_col or
        outer_middle_col and middle_middle_row or
        one_off_middle_col and middle_middle_plus_row or
        one_off_middle_row and middle_middle_plus_col
    )


Test Code:

And for completeness, here is the code I used to test the above.

for i in range(SCRABBLE_SIZE):
    for j in range(SCRABBLE_SIZE):
        assert (double_letter_cells[i][j] == '1') \
               == checkDoubleLetterCell(i, j)