Generating words based on a list of letters
import itertools
from multiprocessing import Process, Manager

dictionary_file = '/usr/share/dict/words'
letter_list = ['t','b','a','n','e','a','c','r','o']
control_letter = 'e'


By convention, global constant should be named in ALL_CAPS

manager = Manager()
word_list = manager.list()

def new_combination(i, dictionary):
    comb_list = itertools.permutations(letter_list,i)
    for item in comb_list:
        item = ''.join(item)
        if(item in dictionary):


You don't need the parens. Also, dictionary in your code is a list. Checking whether an item is in a list is rather slow, use a set for fast checking.

            word_list.append(item)


Having a bunch of different processes constantly adding onto a single list, performance will be decreased. You are probably better off adding onto a seperate list and then using extend to combine them at the end.

    return


There is no point in an empty return at the end of  a function    

def make_dictionary():


I'd call this read_dictionary, since you aren't really making the dictionary

    my_list = []


Name variables for what they are for, not their types

    dicts = open(dictionary_file).readlines()
    for word in dicts:


Actually, you could just do for word in open(dictionary_file) for the same effect

        if control_letter in word:
            if(len(word) &gt;3 and len(word)&lt;10):
                word = word.strip('\n')


I recommend stripping before checking lengths, just to make it easier to follow what's going on

                my_list.append(word)
    return my_list

def main():
    dictionary = make_dictionary()
    all_processes = []
    for j in range(9,10):
        new_combo = Process(target = new_combination, args = (j,dictionary,))


You don't need that last comma

        new_combo.start()
        all_processes.append(new_combo)
    while(all_processes):


Parens unneeded

        for proc in all_processes:
            if not proc.is_alive():
                proc.join()
        all_processes = [proc for proc in all_processes if proc.is_alive()]


What happens if a process finishes between the last two lines? You'll never call proc.join() on it.

        if(len(all_processes) == 0):
            all_processes = None


an empty list is already considered false, so there is no point in this.

Actually, there is no reason for most of this loop. All you need is 

for process in all_processes:
    process.join()


It'll take care of waiting for all the processes to finish. It'll also be faster since it won't busy loop. 

    print list(set(word_list))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()


I've given a few suggestions for speed along the way. But what you should really do is invert the problem. Don't look at every combination of letters to see if its a word. Look at each word in the dictionary and see if you can form it out of your letters. That should be faster because there are many fewer words in the dictionary then possible combination of letters.