Constraining data in idiomatic Java
Remove the magic numbers for the constrained values and give them constants instead:

private static final double MAX_VAL = 10;
private static final double MIN_VAL = -10;


These constants should also be printed in the exception statement instead of hard-coding the values.  Otherwise, if you just change the constants, the code will give inaccurate results.

Regarding the class name, consider renaming it to something like Constrained2DPoint.  Points can also have a 'z' if they're used in 3D space, so the name Point may be ambiguous in either case.