Simple beginner Java calculator
Comments


// Does stuff depending on what integer the user enters



That is not a good comment.  A comment should say why the code does something if it is not clear and the code should say what it does (if the code is unclear, you can use a comment, but this is also a signal you should write clearer code), this comment is just plain noise.

If you are using the comment to remember what the code does, not just because some teacher/book said to, a comment here is perfectly fine:

// Choose action based on input




Duplicated code


case 1:
    System.out.printf("Enter first number: ");
    fnum = scanner.nextInt();
    System.out.printf("Enter second number: ");
    snum = scanner.nextInt();
    answer = fnum + snum;
    System.out.println("The answer is: " + answer);
    break;

case 2:
    System.out.printf("Enter first number: ");
    fnum = scanner.nextInt();
    System.out.printf("Enter second number: ");
    snum = scanner.nextInt();
    answer = fnum - snum;
    System.out.println("The answer is: " + answer);
    break;



Anything catch your eye there?  Lots and lots of copy/pasted code.  Most of that can be moved to before or after the switch:

System.out.printf("Enter first number: ");
fnum = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.printf("Enter second number: ");
snum = scanner.nextInt();

switch (operation) {
case 1:
    answer = fnum + snum;
    break;

case 2:
    answer = fnum - snum;
    break;
}

System.out.println("The answer is: " + answer);


Output

This really is a nitpick for now, but this:


System.out.println("           Calculator V1.0         ");



Will display the same as this:

System.out.println("           Calculator V1.0");


Methods

This is a pretty straightforward program, but you should start separating unique components of your program and creating more methods.  For example, you could create a method for input, a method for calculating the answer, and a method for output.

Enums

Another thing you should look into is using an enum to designate the selected operation.  Using case Operation.Addition: is clearer than case 1:, and there is a very limited set of data that allowed, which is demonstrated and enforced by the enum, which only accepts the allowed set, and is not enforced by an int.

Bug

Your division operation has a bug:


snum = scanner.nextInt();
answer = fnum / snum;



What happens when the user enters 0?  Your program will crash.  You must always test for division by 0 in cases like this:

snum = scanner.nextInt();
if (snum == 0) { 
    System.out.println("Invalid input - cannot divide by 0.");
    break;
}
answer = fnum / snum;