Periodically comparing the play count of two Last.FM users
I don't see why you say &lt;- "decreases readability", but you could line them up if you think that helps (this style is typical of Haskell programmers)

main = forever $ do
  diff      &lt;- user1 `subtractCounts` user2
  timestamp &lt;- formatTime defaultTimeLocale dateFormat &lt;$&gt; getZonedTime
  homeDir   &lt;- getHomeDirectory
  let logMessage  = printf "%s %d\n" timestamp diff
      logFilePath = homeDir &lt;/&gt; logFile
  appendFile logFilePath logMessage
  threadDelay $ 10^6 * 60 * timeDelay -- in microseconds

subtractCounts = liftM2 ((-) `on` fromMaybe 0) `on` getPlayCount
dateFormat     = "[%s] %D %H:%M"


&lt;- is a visual cue that the thing on the right might to perform an effect before producing a result and binding it to the name on the left.

Note that the type annotation on logMessage is unnecessary. Because it is used as the second argument to appendFile it will be inferred to be String.

I personally might make a few more refactorings, but they aren't really necessary:

logMessage :: String -&gt; Integer -&gt; String
logMessage  = printf "%s %d\n"

(f .: g) x y = f $ g x y

subtractCounts = liftM2 ((-) `on` fromMaybe 0) `on` getPlayCount


main = forever $ do
  homeDir &lt;- getHomeDirectory
  let logFilePath = homeDir &lt;/&gt; logFile
      logDiff     = appendFile logFilePath .: logMessage
  forever $ mainLoop logDiff

mainLoop logDiff = do
  diff      &lt;- user1 `subtractCounts` user2
  timestamp &lt;- formatTime defaultTimeLocale "[%s] %D %H:%M" &lt;$&gt; getZonedTime
  logDiff timestamp diff
  threadDelay $ 10^6 * 60 * timeDelay -- in microseconds


The type signature on logMessage is probably unnecessary, but imho it's a good idea to give it an explicit signature if you are using the result of printf as a function, rather than a String or IO ().