Resizing table widths and making input fields
At first, you code looks good enough for the set of the requrements you specified. The constructions that you use are simple, so here may be place for the improvements, but this requeres developing understanding in the nontrivial subjects: CSS selectors, jQuery selectors and jQuery chaining details. I think that it may be possible to write down all the code in one chain but it may decrease maintainability.

Some recommendations:


Instead of getting element html use .text().trim().
Use width:100% for inputs to let CSS do the work for you, but apply it only for the inputs without size - use combination of :not and [size] for that.
Tables are stretching, so just remove the table size at the end - it should be autosized to the content.
Use find(...)....end() to chain the queries and separate the realizations of the requirements.
Use static code analysis tools, like Jshint, jslint - it is better to add var to not interfere with the global scope and these tools let know about such kind of the errors and more.
It highly unclear what is the nature of the constants (like 35, 11, etc) in the code. It is better to add at least a very small explanation on them. It greatly improves understanding and review.