Event Attendance tracking
Participant records have a status field, and one of the standard statuses is Attended, so yes. And you can search for participants with a certain status and reports can include the status.

See also https://docs.civicrm.org/user/en/latest/events/keeping-track-of-events-and-participants/#changing-event-registration-selections-for-an-existing-participant

and

https://docs.civicrm.org/user/en/latest/events/reports/#event-and-participant-reports