Custom membership status is not being updated
A membership has a single status determined by the status rules.  If the date rules mean that more than one status applies, the ordering of the rules determines the result.  

From the user guide :


  To decide on which status should be applied, CiviCRM looks to see if the membership has a status override. If it does, it applies that status. If not, it looks at each status in turn starting at the top of the Status Rules page until it finds one that is valid. That is to say, it looks to see if today's date is between the start and end date for the membership status at the top of the list. If it is, it applies that status, if not it moves to the next status and repeats this process until it finds a status that matches.


Since you have changed the order, 'Current' will be used in preference to 'geldig lid' although the rules for both are the same.

When you say that the status "doesn't work as it should", I think you mean that memberships past their end date are still showing as 'geldig lid'.  Membership statuses are updated either by saving a change to the membership or by the scheduled job "Update Membership Statuses".  From your screenshots it seems the scheduled job is not running / not working.

You can have a Label for the Membership Status that is different to its Name, so you could use the standard Current but change the label to 'geldig lid'. 

However, if you want to continue with the current setup, change the ordering back so that 'geldig lid' appears before 'Current'. Before running the scheduled job, you might want to see how many are past their end date and how far past they are as to whether you want to notify anyone or take action etc.  Then enable/fix the scheduled job - that should change Current memberships to 'geldig lid' and change those past their end date to Grace or Expired.