How to change the name of the receipt attached to new membership
While this technique might not find everything, a general technique for some of the translation questions you have can be solved by using grep from the root of the civicrm folder, e.g.

grep -r receipt.pdf *

If you know that it's likely to be under the CRM folder, which seems likely here, you can save some speed by cd'ing into that folder first.

If you don't know exactly how it's written, for example sometimes strings are concatenated, you can do something like:

grep -r receipt * | grep pdf

which will find all lines that have both "receipt" and "pdf" in the line somewhere. In fact doing that shows that the offline membership receipt is already translated with ts().

It looks like there's a few places, so you can replace receipt with ts('receipt') in the places where it isn't already ts'd:


CRM/Contribute/BAO/ContributionPage.php:441:        'PDFFilename' =&gt; 'receipt.pdf',
CRM/Contribute/Form/AdditionalInfo.php:474:        'PDFFilename' =&gt; ts('receipt') . '.pdf',
CRM/Contribute/Form/CancelSubscription.php:302:              'PDFFilename' =&gt; 'receipt.pdf',
CRM/Contribute/Form/Contribution/Confirm.php:1307:        'PDFFilename' =&gt; 'receipt.pdf',
CRM/Contribute/Form/UpdateBilling.php:371:        'PDFFilename' =&gt; 'receipt.pdf',
CRM/Contribute/Form/UpdateSubscription.php:336:          'PDFFilename' =&gt; 'receipt.pdf',
CRM/Member/Form/Membership.php:1077:        'PDFFilename' =&gt; ts('receipt') . '.pdf',


For your other question, there's a settings at Administer - System Settings - Misc to not attach pdf receipts, but it might not apply everywhere.