What do I do to fix Civi Bounce Reasons that appear in strange (chinese?) character set?
Here is a scattershot of potentially useful ideas:


If you look at the contacts' primary emails do they appear as though they may be hosted on Chinese servers?  
I believe the bounce reason may come from the response, but the bounce type comes from inside CiviCRM. Perhaps there is an attempt to hack mail transport agents with this?? 
Alternatively, perhaps there is a problem with character encoding in the mail headers or on your site more generally. Is this a multilingual site? Does your database have utf8_unicode character encoding as its default, or more importantly for all of its varchar text fields when you look at the table structures in phpMyAdmin? Have you moved the database between servers and perhaps not handled character encodings properly during export and import?


if none of this is useful, you might want to get on irc and ask bgm for help with this as he is the lead on internationalisation matters and he also happens to know a bit about email infrastructure.