What of these CiviCRM features comes 'out of the box'?
I'd caution that 'standard' is a slippery word. Since CiviCRM is of the 'community' style of open source, there's no 'pro' version with extra features, so Ramesh has the right answer to that question.

On the other hand, even after you put aside the financial hurdles, there's still the complexity hurdles of additional 'features'. So another answer is that you actually get more than the demo, and still for free, as you climb these hills:


Understanding how CiviCRM can be configured 'out of the box', beyond
what you see in the demo (see ramesh's documentation link)
Understanding how extensions can be downloaded/enabled and finding
ones that match your needs.
Understanding the open sourceness and
'plugability' of the code to extend CiviCRM in ways that are
specific to your organization and no one else has (yet), by writing
your own extension and or contributing to core.


For someone coming from the WordPress community, you'll find that there are a lot more free but still high-quality extensions and not the same kind of 'market' that Wordpress world is used to.