"Site can't be reached" error during CiviCRM Joomla install
It turns out that I needed more privaleges on my MySQL account, ones that my host did not give me the option of enabling. Here is the list of requirements: https://wiki.civicrm.org/confluence/display/CRMDOC/CiviCRM+MySQL+Permission+Requirements

My host wouldn't let me do Triggers or create routines, so I had to switch hosts and it now works. 
In case anyone is reading this with the same problem, I looked for hosts on CiviCRM.org to find one that was compatible, and they were able to transfer me over and assist with the install for free with a new registration.