Combining high res photo with low res video in a static shot
To extract the moving things, I'd try a difference matte. There's a tutorial on doing it in After Effects here and another one here. You'll need to somehow extract the static background, probably by averaging a few (or several) frames of it together. Then use the techniques described above to subtract out the static stuff from the moving stuff. (Maybe a combo of garbage mattes and difference matte could do it? Depends on the footage.)

Once you've done that, combining the moving matted footage over the hi-res image (probably using a "Normal" blend mode) should get you what you want. I'd be interested to know how it looks in the end. I've seen composites that looked bad because the composited object had a different amount or type of grain from the background. I suspect being at a different resolution may be just as bad, given that the grain will be huge compared with the background, but since I've never done it, I can't say for sure. Good luck!