Is GoPro "Cam_Raw" a true RAW image format?
Camera raw sounds like it is effectively similar to RAW because it is describing the light data without any corrections.  What comes in on the sensor is written out, but it does sound like it may be applying the filter, just using a mix of 1:1:1 for the color resolution.  It's theoretically possible to work backwards from this to the full colors, but you may lose some bit depth if it goes from more than 8 bit sensor read out to 8 bit color encoding.  Possibly even worse if it is encoding to 4:2:0 or 4:2:2.

The net effect of shifting color on this kind of a recording would be that there would be fewer total colors described after applying your corrections since you discard a portion of the possible colors that could be described by the format.  (Where as your more traditional RAW doesn't discard any data, so you can be more selective about what you want to remove when you reduce the bit depth later in the process.)