Adobe Premiere: edit effect curve manually
It's possible in AfterEffects because AE has far more detailed controls for keyframing and the controls for it's effects. 

As for film dissolve, The only way it would be possible would be to make sure you the effects panel, and keyframe the dissolve point (which I believe is possible with that specific filter). 

But you don't access it from the pop up window, you select the transition once it's applied, then control it using keyframing on the effects control / modify panel.