How do I recover truncated AVI/DV video?
First of all, if I remember correctly, the DV format is intra-only, and thus if there is various damage that has happened to your video, there should be a relatively big chance of getting at least something out -- given that the file isn't completely broken in the most relevant of places.

A good way of checking if there's at least some kind of sanity left in the file is indeed by the aforementioned ffmpeg|avconv -i input.avi or ffprobe|avprobe input.avi. If ffmpeg/avconv and/or the related probe application can 'see' the format as well as other information there's at least some hope that the file actually still contains some of the things you're hoping it contains.

As for actual recovery attempts, I would actually first make a copy of the file (backups are generally useful, even if it's a backup of possibly broken data), and try to open it with Avery Lee's VirtualDub, as I remember it having one of the good general AVI reconstruction mechanisms I've seen so far. If you are lucky and there's enough data for VirtualDub to actually do something with the file, it should ask if you want to repair/reconstruct the index and so forth. After that you can set both audio and video to 'Direct stream copy', and just remux with another file name, and see if that works.

Another way to try and salvage it is to use ffmpeg/avconv, and use the stream copying function there (of course this might not work at all in case ffmpeg/avconv or the related probe application cannot see what container/video/audio format the file is). ffmpeg|avconv -i input.avi -vcodec copy -acodec copy out.avi

A yet another way to try and salvage something is by trying out the now-discontinued AVI-Mux GUI. I have not tried it myself, but I have some hazy memories of people fixing their broken AVI files by remuxing with it a few years ago.

Edit:
And of course the so-called final destination would be to see if there are any chunk-like entities in the file, and manually recreating the AVI header and friends before it either via scripting or with a hex editor, looking at the related technical documentation.