Premier Elements "Time Slider" in Premier Pro
The UI part you are looking for is called (depending on your locale, and local film industry) the shuttle, or jogger.

I don't know if Premiere supports the exact same graphical control.

However using the [J] [K] and [L] keys on your keyboard lets you:

[J] / [L] move backward / forward (moves fast for each press of the same button; moves slower in the same direction when pressing the opposite)

[K] Stops playback

Using these keys, you can shuttle around footage in the same manner as you previously used your mouse the the GUI interface.