For Scrabble, Is there a most common phonies list anywhere?
I'm not a Scrabble expert, but to me it looks like you are going about this the wrong way. Your stated goals


  
  I learn for sure which words sound like words but really aren't so I
  don't play them. 
  I become a better challenger. Part of the game (at
  least in tournaments) is to be able to recognize when your opponent
  has played a bad word. From my experience, this is an often neglected
  part of a new Scrabble player's development.
  


can both be achieved by learning all legal scrabble words. If you know all the legal words, anything that isn't one of those words is (obviously) an illegal word.

While this might sound like an insurmountable task, to me it sounds a lot more feasible than learning everything that isn't a word. The set of legal words is much smaller than the set of illegal words!