What is the name of this fantasy game with cards and little treasure counters?
I've been googling around and finally found it. The game is called "Dragon's Gold" and was released in 2001 and re-released as a second edition (with some rule changes) in 2011.

Additional photos can be found here:

https://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/1042/dragons-gold

Here is the box art of the game I played (first edition):