how to adjust a render to match the 3d view?
To reduce the amount of noise in an image rendered by Cycles, you can do the following:

Turn up your samples


Under the Sampling section of the Render tab, you can adjust the number of render samples.
Increasing the samples will increase your render time proportionally, but you will get cleaner images.


Turn on denoising


As @kim-holder mentioned, you can turn on denoising to reduce the noise in the image. This is a new feature added to Cycles in 2.79
This will usually do a good job of getting rid of noise, but often softens the image and blurs edges to a certain extent.


Dim the lights


It may also be that your lights are set to be too intense. Lowering their intensity should help to reduce fireflies (the bright white spots on your image)


Turn on "Filter Glossy"


Filter Glossy reduces fireflies on glossy surfaces by blurring them slightly. See here for more information.