Why doesn't my Eevee rendered image match my view through the camera?
First have a look at camera background images in the documentation:

Crop
Scales the image up so that it fills the entire camera view, 
but without altering the aspect ratio (some of the image will be cropped).


The image is scaled at minimum so that either its height or its width fits the view.
Then you have shifted the background image of -0.104 along Y.
Now in the compositor, you've used a scale with crop option: that means the image is cropped then displaced (if you displace it) so you'll have a transparent part at the top. This is probably not what you want to do.
You can use a &quot;transform&quot; node instead, and some little math.
Your image is 4032 x 3024.
The render setting is 1350 x 800.
As crop from camera background image has adjusted the width. That means you have a scale ratio of 1350 / 4032 = 0.334821.
That give a height of 3024 * 1350 / 4032 = 3024 * 0.334821 = 1012.5.
As you've moved the background image of -0.104 (which is -10.4% in the camera coordinates), you have to shift the image in the compositor of -0.104 *1012.5 = -105.3
That gives this compositor setting:

To add the blue frame which has the same size as the rendering, you can add another alpha over setting on top of the previous one:

And if you want to avoid the above math/calculation, you can also parent to the camera a plane that will render the background.
Place the plane far from it, then scale and move it as you need. The plane has no shader to render with its full colors (don't forget to adjust the camera clipping if the plane is too far):

A blend file for this last setting: