Whenever I use the particle system to emit from volume, it just ends up emitting from the faces. Is this a bug?
The end frame for your simulation is the same as your start frame. That means that your particle simulation will run for one frame (in which it will emit the particles), and then stop playing. 

Simply change it from 1 to the desired number of frames you want your simulation to run for (if you don't know what this is, then just set this to the number of total frames your project is set to render, which I can see is 250). 



Simply put, set the Frame End to 250 in the Particle System Properties tab.