Animate winding a ribbon/rope/cable around a cylinder?
The strip follows the cone using this principle:


The cylinder turns due its parent, an empty which rotates
The strip object turns too, with the same empty as parent
The cone orientation (-Z axis) and location are used to ray cast on the cylinder: this gives a new position on the cylinder to complete the strip 


All that is done using Animation Nodes.

More detailed steps:


Calculate the cone location and -Z orientation in world coordinates
Raycast on the cylinder from these previous parameters
This raycast gives a position on the cylinder and the normal of the hit face
Calculate the new strip part position from this previous data, extending it along the cone X axis and shifting it a bit along the face normal
This calculation replaces the last two strip vertices
Add new two vertices to the strip and place them at the cone position
Make a new face for these last 4 vertices
Input back all these vertices and polygons in the strip geometry


The overall cartography:



1/ Calculate the ray cast and new strip part's position



2/ Give a width to the strip



3/ Extract strip's current geometry



4/ Calculate last 2 previous vertices index



5/ Injects updated and new vertices in the strip data



6/ Make a new face from the last 4 vertices



7/ Put all back to the strip data



Note: 


To make it work, the strip have to include at least an edge at the beginning of the animation.
This node setup is "constructive", at each frame it creates new vertices, and this is not rolled back at the end of the animation. So, to replay it, edit the strip and delete all its vertices except the two first ones.


To do list:


Constraint the cone -Z axis to always point to the cylinder, as if not the raycast will fail
Raycast on the strip itself too so that it superimposes on both the cylinder and on itself
Not only raycast one (middle) point, but the two extremities of the newly created strip's vertices






Another example, following the comment: