How to cut cylinder in a bending shape without deformations?
To get straight lines using the bezier curve you can set a low amount of resolution:





(You could even draw the path as a mesh and than convert to a curve with Alt+C to get a similar result.)

Than assign as a "Bevel Object" of the curve the wanted profile section.



To get the individuals cylinders, you can enter in the curve edit mode, select a pair of adiacent vertex and than separate them from the curve object with the P shortcut. Repeat the process for every couple of vertex of each segment.





Now that we have individuals cylinders that follows the given segments of the path, we should convert them to mesh to operate with Boolean Modifiers to get the shape of superposition parts (intersection) and the cut shape (difference).

 

While in edit mode you can translate the cap faces along their normal to extend the cylinder to the chosen lenght.





If you can use not only rect cylinders but also oblique cylinders to avoid the part in which you have to bool the parts (can be tricky), you can convert th curve to mesh before splitting and than Rip (V) the edge ring on the path angles and than slide it slightly.