Can't make object invisible in render (Blender 2.8)
Filter button;

What you need is hidden there. Blender restricts to one by default, yet you have an option of six. 

The Filter button typically sits at the top right of the Outliner, and looks like a kitchen funnel. It will bring up a menu of filter options, and if you mouse over each of the first six, you will know which button does what. You want 'Globally disable in renders' (The sony camera icon).