Play a sound triggered from emitting a particle
In 3D animation the sound and video are generally two separate things. Supposing you did get your sound to play with the particle system, you would still need to out put the whole animation to a video format including sound. Which rules out a image sequence, the best way to render an animation.

It will be easier to just render out your animation of the ship firing its lasers. Then in something like the video sequence editor (or any other video editor) just add the sound file at the right time to match the firing lasers.