how to recreate microscopic diatom glass material
A Fresnel node can be used as factor for a Mix Shader between a Transparent BSDF and Emission Shader, in order to achieve the glow at grazing angles. The Facing socket from the Layer Weight node allows to add a slight glow for the angles in between. Finally the Is Camera Ray output from the Light Path node is used to only show the emissive material to the camera, meaning the object itself and objects near by won't be affected by the emitted light.