Armature severely deformed mesh
I've fixed the issue. If anyone is having similar issues, you may have some topology that does not fit well with the bones. The solution that I found was to re-weight the armature and remove the corrective smoothing modifier from the entire mesh. I've found that for a mesh where the goal is to create a soft-bendy sort of pose, it's best to only use the corrective smoothing on specific vertex groups rather than the entire mesh.