Hair offset when view is rotated
I'm not sure if I can help. On my iMac behaviour is much weird than on your.

But definitely is incorrect dimensions you operate with - Location of your object in your file is
X = 119 Y = 448 Z = -28 (miles)
Clear Location Alt+G brings object to zero coordinates, it fixed glitching.

Than I wanted Apply Scale Ctrl+A that is always recommended, but it doesn't worked as supposed to. It brings scale to one as, but Dimension jumped back to original object scale (5 miles).
I had to use Apply Scale Deltas.
So try those steps if they help in your case as well.
From your View &gt; Clip &gt; End 1893939412 miles I see you fight with scale/dimension. In general - it is always better to Apply Scale. Also you have set in Scene Properties &gt; Units &gt; 0.0254 that is something I don't know what represent (since 1 km = 0.62137119224 mi), but I never used this feature.
After all this, when I tried add Hair Children worked fine.

BTW opening your file in 2.9x is even crazier disco :)