How to move wedge directly away from center?
One way is with the Manipulate Origins option:




Center the origin of the wedge(s) by pressing &#9096; Ctrl&#9095; Alt&#8679; ShiftC> Origin to Geometry.
Enable Manipulate Center Points (&#9095; Alt,)
Set the Pivot Point to 3D cursor (.). Ensure the cursor is in the center of the circle.
In object mode with the wedge(s) selected, scale them outward (S).


This works for multiple wedges at once: