How to link/append with a Python script?
After trying out the interface for a while, i finally found the values that seem to satisfy the API. Here is a code snippet:

blendfile = "D:/path/to/the/repository.blend"
section   = "\\Action\\"
object    = "myaction"

filepath  = blendfile + section + object
directory = blendfile + section
filename  = object

bpy.ops.wm.append(
    filepath=filepath, 
    filename=filename,
    directory=directory)


Hint: The directroy string must be terminated with a trailing "\\". If you do not do that, then you always get an error "not a library". I also found that you only need to supply filename and directory, which makes some sense:

bpy.ops.wm.append(filename=filename, directory=directory) # works


However this does not work, no idea why:

bpy.ops.wm.append(filepath=filepath) # does not work (why that?)