Why my object is not illuminated
You are plugging a texture node directly into the output node.
You must plug the texture node into a shader node such as a Principled BSDF first in order to get the color information from the image to the output correctly.
Below would be the correct setup:

See this question for more information on closures.
Side note, you also do not have a camera in the file you provided. Add one and you will be all set :)