Join objects that have the same texture
Yes, you can do this through the outliner editor window. Select all of the objects in your scene which have the desired texture image. Then, moving to the outliner window, expand the datablock for each object to the point where you can see the names of the image textures that you want to use to join the objects. In the outliner window, select image texture of one of the objects you wish to join, then each of the others, selecting these in the outliner window by holding down the SHFT key while you select the objects with the LMB. You can now join the selected objects by using CTRL - J