I can't seem to select any vertices edges or faces in edit mode, blender 2.8, Mac OS 10.12.5
This happened to me when I first started using 2.80 because it was trying to use my 2.79 key maps. That would explain why it is working on other machines where perhaps you don't have 2.79. Toggle the console on and see whether you have error messages at start up.

I don't use a Mac, but if you can work out how to delete your old settings then that might solve it. I have a feeling they added a button to the initial splash screen which allowed you to start fresh.