Move/Scale/Rotate Edge to Create New Faces?
After pressing E to Extrude, immediately press S to Scale or R to Rotate. Moving/Grabbing along the face normal is the default behavior after extruding, as you probably know. Scaling and rotation happens relative to whatever Pivot method you are currently using.

Also, you might benefit from knowing about click-extrusion. To do this hold Ctrl and LClick where you want the vertex, edge, or face to be extruded to. The angle of the originally selected geometry gets repositioned to make the extrusion smoother.