How can I switch between Move/Rotate/Scale with shortcuts without straight altering coordinates?
Blender lets you exclude one axis from transform actions.
Type the letter, X or Y or SZ to constrain after pressing the transform hotkey G, R, or S that you wish.
Or, type Shift + (letter corresponding to axis to exclude), G followed by X would move along the X-axis. G followed by Shift + X  would move along the Y and Z-axis.