Particular nodes are missing from node editor
Wrong node tree type

Blender has three built-in different node tree types: Material, Composite and Textures. They have some nodes in common, and some not. The ones you are looking for belong to the second group.



All the nodes you mentioned belong to the Material node editor, you can see that from the path of the page in the manual you linked:



Just switch from the Composite type editor to Material type editor and you should be able to find them.