Exporting cycles rendered models to be used in opengl
The main problem is that baking with Cycles is still fairly new, less than one year at the time of writing.  Blender's various exporters were designed before this and they are built upon the older Blender Render(Internal) Material system.  Here is a print-screen of the main Blender Render Material System.  Although BI has nodes as well, I'm not so sure they will work well with exporting either.



So let's go back to Cycles for a moment.  Here is a setup that has a texture which was baked using Cycles bake.  The baked texture is chosen by a node as seen in the node editor but the current problem is that this node will not be recognized by the various exporters as being a texture that should be exported along with the model.

 

Here is an example of one difficulty that can make upgrading the various exporters to work with Cycles a bit complicated.  There are three textures in the following node setup.  One bake-to texture, one texture for the diffuse color input and one normal map.  



Now it could be decided that the texture which is not attached to anything should be the texture to be exported as the main color texture, however, Cycles nodes allow for more than one node group as shown in the following image.  The setup shown would make consistent and reliable exporting very difficult but it makes the Cycles material system very flexible.  These two ideas conflict.  It's not at all clear for this situation which baked texture(s) should be exported.



So for now what you can do is switch to Blender Render and deactivate the Nodes as shown in the following image.



Now click the tabbed icon for textures that is to the right of the Material tab icon and add a texture slot.  Next, assign the baked texture to this slot.  (Now you should be able to export without too many problems.)*



*as I mentioned in the comment earlier, leaving the Cycles nodes intact but deactivated can still cause the exporter problems.  For simple scenes it doesn't always happen but with a complex scene that has 100 models and hundreds of textures all linked into the Cycles nodes system, things can get hairy for the exporter.  

The textures may be detected but the exporter may not know what they mean and it could fail because of this.
The SketchFab exporter was doing this to me this past spring.  It's probably better to save the .blend and create a duplicate of it and then just delete all the Cycles materials and build them up again using Blender Render(Internal) from the start.  

It's a nuisance but until someone with coding skill finds the time to deal with it, this is what we are stuck with. (unless someone knows something I don't and they would like to share.) :)