Can I make a camera use the lens distortion parameters determined by camera tracking?
Yes it's possible.
Once you've determined the distortion values using the movie clip editor's lens distortion's tools you can use them on blender scenes using the compositor.
You need to add a Movie Distortion node in Distort mode, to your render layer. Make sure you select select the video clip as source.



Read: https://blender.stackexchange.com/a/15622/1853