How Can Data Sets Be Pulled From Database into Text Objects or As Parameters for Other Objects
Your question comprises 3 different topics:


How to query for data in a backend (SQLite or whatever)
How to do that with Python (database drivers / libraries)
How to create animations in Blender programmatically


There's a brief introduction for the latter in the API docs - Animation - and plenty of questions and threads here and on blenderartists.org.

For 1., please refer to the database system's documentation and help channels.

For 2., google and also read about using 3rd party Python modules in Blender.