How to view the Property Editor in Blender
Edit: As @Jachym Michal points out, it is possible that the 3d view is maximized - use Ctrl+Space to toggle maximization.

If that does not fix the issue, perhaps you have indeed closed the other editors. All editors can be restored and rearranged as desired.

To add a new space, right-click the border of your existing space.



Then select "Vertical split" and specify the split location by clicking. You will now have a new editor. To change the editor type to properties, click the dropdown at the top-left corner of the editor and select the desired editor type: