What happened when the money from share issuance is spent?
You are concerned about...

someting that can save the bank from bankruprtcy it problems occurs,
when there is no money

This is an accounting question as much as an economics question. What you are asking about is &quot;solvency&quot;.

assets minus liabilities equals equity

The bank or any company is solvent by definition if equity is positive and estimated values are realistic. Companies can even be solvent if equity is negative because estimated values are not realistic, for example, if assets are a &quot;conservative&quot; estimate which in this case means assets are underestimated.
You asked about the absence of money. All items in the assets are theoretically convertible to money. They are convertible regardless of the estimate of equity. In practice negative money balances are not necessarily a problem because if equity is large enough the company can obtain a loan. Typically a bank is holding cash because that is the nature of offering &quot;demand&quot; accounts which are the accounts where the depositor can withdraw cash almost immediately.