Do conceptual ideas that become standardised ever make money?
This question is hard to answer because it can take so many perspectives. The only way I find to approach it is using examples. 

Could John Nash profit from his paper in game theory? Could Einstein profit from general relativity? Yes, with prizes and recognition, but not everytime the concept is used. Not in a way analog to the copyrights of music or publishers.

If you talk about standard methodologies or standardized concepts, in the business world, several organisations strive for developing and enforcing standards, notably ISO and GS1. They do have revenue, mostly from consulting or memberships, but they are not-for-profit organisations, as having profit can drive standardisation away. 

The history of Thunderbolt demonstrates how trying to make money of a standard (through royalties) can sometimes drive consumers to use another standard which is free, even if inferior.