What are the pros and cons of a "long stock, short call" position compared to a "short put"?
The primary consideration in practice is that the initial investment is larger if you are long the stock, and thus consumes more balance sheet.
The next consideration is that if you don’t hold to maturity, the implied volatility exposure is opposite (and the associated greeks) for the positions.
After that, there are only voting rights, jurisdiction-dependent tax issues, and the reality that one instrument might be mis-priced.