What happens to aggregate C, K, and Y when TFP increases permanently?
Take a look at the dynamics of the capital: 
$k_{t+1}=sA_ty_t+(1-\delta-n)k_t$. A sudden positive shock to TFP in period $t$ increases the capital stock of the next period $k_{t+1}$. So, there is no contemporaneous effect on $k$, convergence to the new steady state will be gradual. 

The other variables have contemporaneous relationship with TFP.

EDIT: A google search for a good explanation lead me to lecture notes from MIT which you can find here. Start reading slide # 62+. You will see the graphical explanation as well.