What is the name of the following kinds of patterns?
The mathematical term for this kind of pattern would be pmm wallpaper pattern.  There are seventeen types of repeating planar patterns, and this is one of the simplest ones.

The characteristics of the pattern are based on it having perpendicular symmetry axes through the centers of each of the tessellation units.  There are also 180 degree rotation symmetries about these centers, with no additional glide reflection symmetries.