Can I use cartridge ink for dip fountain pens?
Due to the many different kind of quill pens nib designs, I don't think any definitive yes-no answer is possible here.

Generally, yes, ink will flow.

What kind of writing you want to do will have much influence on the decision about whether you use it.  Probably the best choice is to experiment by having a few controlled dips, and creating a few controlled strokes.


Dip to a fixed-depth, and the draw the pen nib down a page until it is exhausted.  Make multiple strokes as needed.  Repeat this for varied dip depths.  
Then try letter-writing.
And / or, try other common nib-strokes related to the kind of purpose you will employ the pen.


If you find a writing style comfortable enough — problem solved.