"Gasoline" in Other Languages
I can't speak about the etymology of the word, since I don't speak any of the languages in question (plus, it it is purely concerned with that, I believe this question is off topic here).

However, if you are interested in the contents of gasoline, I can tell you a little something about them.

Gasoline (or petrol if you're not from North America) is typically a mixture of hydrocarbons with 4 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule. It is a comprises of alkanes, cycloalkanes, alkenes, or in industry parlance parrafin, naphthenes and olefins. 

Moreover, as you suspected, it does contain aromatics in general and benzene in particular, and most countries set limits on their content in the fuel. For example, in the EU the benzene content should be under $1\%$ (v/v) for automative grade gasoline$^{[1]}$ Benzene, Toluene, and Xylene (BTX) are important petrochemicals, and valuable chemical feedstocks, and most are often recovered during catalytic reforming.




EU: Fuels: Diesel and Gasoline