Did I accidentally create phosgene gas
Sodium hypochlorite (the active ingredient in bleach) and acetone react to produce chloroform. 

Chloroform can slowly decompose into phosgene in air with exposure to oxygen
$$\ce{2CHCl3 + O2 -&gt;[h\nu] 2COCl2 + 2HCl}$$

but not in significant quantities under the conditions you describe. 

You did the right thing by opening the window for ventilation and isolating the fumes to the bathroom and rinsing with copious water. 

It is best not to mix bleach with anything except water and especially not household cleaning products.