Are there any papers linking the bad taste of orange juice after toothpaste to sulfates?
There may be more, but this is one paper examining the effects of membrane-modifying compounds on taste receptors. It suggests that substances like sodium lauryl sulfate and gymnemic acid affect taste response by altering taste receptors' lipid membranes. Though many anionic surfactants have sulfate functional groups, not all compounds with sulfate groups act as surfactants (nor does the sulfate anion on its own). It sounds like this is something that any compound that can perturb the structure of a taste receptor's membrane can do, not something that necessarily applies to all sulfates.