Why does chlorine trifluoride ignites concrete and sand?
Concrete, sand, and asbestos are all, in large part, silicon dioxide (SiO₂). It's energetically favorable for available fluorine to take the place of oxygen, producing SiF₄. This occurs even in weak solutions of hydrogen fluoride, and it's why HF solutions are used for etching glass.

ClF₃ has a much greater amount of potential bond energy than HF or even F₂. This means that, when it decomposes, such as upon contact with silicon dioxide, it gives off a lot of energy, which is released as fire.