Hydrogen fuel cell - why do the H+ ions move through the electrolyte
In a galvanic cell, the anode is positively charged.  The cathode is negatively charged.  A good mnemonic I learned a while ago is that anions go to the anode, and cations go to the cathode.  This is because opposite electric charges attract.  So negatively charged anions are attracted to the positively charged anode.  And positive cations are attracted to the negative cathode.

The electron itself was originally discovered as the component particles of cathode rays from cathode ray tubes.  That electrons come out of the cathode is a hint about cathode charge: the buildup of electrons on the cathode eventually results in the emission of an electron beam.  If electrons are building up, the cathode must be negative.