Difference between Phase, heterogenous and state of matter and solution
A deep and real understanding?!?

I don't think you'll find any definitions that you can't pick at. 

So if in a large bottle you mix some water and benzene that don't fill the bottle then you'll end up with three phases. A gas phase that has air/water/benzene, a liquid phase that is mostly benzene with a tiny amount of water, and another liquid phase that is mostly water with a tiny amount of benzene. 

So if I just take some random rocks (different kinds of rocks) and dump then into a bowl of water, then yes there is a solid phase. But as a chemist I wouldn't really think of the random rocks as a phase because there really isn't much of an equilibrium. Picking at this I'd have to admit that a minuscule amount of rock would dissolve in the water. Hence there would be an equilibrium of sorts between the various rocks too. 

What we'd normally consider a glass is a mixture of silica and other minerals. However amorphous solids are also referred to as glasses.