Polymer Slurry used in boring foundation holes?
After reading the link provided in the question, and doing a little googling, of "polymer slurry" and "foundation", I found something useful. 

Polymer slurry seems to be made of one or more hydrophilic superabsorbent polymers, such as polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, or carboxymethylcellulose that produce a thick viscous slurry when mixed with water. It does not repel water so much as the opposite. It is so hydrophilic that it absorbs water before the water can reach the concrete or the steel. Then this slurry becomes thicker the more water it absorbs so that the rate of diffusion of water through the slurry decreases. Ultimately, this action creates a hydrogel, which may be quite strong, despite being mostly water, due to extensive hydrogen bond crosslinks. 

Other applications of polymer slurry seem to be in the drilling industry to modulate the viscosity of drilling fluids.