What chemical explosives detonate when exposed to alpha particles or nuclear fission products?
(not really an answer here, but anyway ...)
I would suspect any highly sensitive explosive is theoretically capable to do that, possibly depending on how close you are to the point where it would just thermally explode. They checked  "Crystals of lead azide, silver azide, cadmium azide, silver acetylyde and nitrogen iodide" in the paper cited above. The four with heavy metal ions don't work, I guess it makes some sense that those can (better) absorb a very local energy surge like from an alpha particle.

My list of suspects would thus include organic ozonides, peroxides, azides, tetrazoles and other compounds that only contain CNOH. Number 1: solid $\ce{H2O2}$. 

And basically anything that is known to sometimes explode without an obvious external triggering event.