Polarity of the phosphate ion?
There are multiple different things to consider for phosphate $\ce{PO4^3-}$:


The bonds themselves. Each of the four $\ce{P-O}$ single bonds is polarised towards the oxygen. Each bond is polar.
The molecule as a whole. It is of near-perfect tetrahedral shape thus having the point group $T_\mathrm{d}$. This point group includes the inversion symmetry operation $i$. Therefore, macroscopic properties of a vectorial type (like the overall dipole moment which is a vector more or less pointing from one pole to the other) must, by definition, be $0$. Thus, the entire molecule is not a dipole.
The molecule’s total charge. It has an overall charge of $-3$. This charge is located on the surrounding oxygens but the entire thing can be simplified from far away to a ball with the charge in the centre, i.e. the phosphorus atom. We would consider this molecular ion a monopole.