Why alcohols don't behave as acids?
The figure below illustrates these two ionization reactions.  The key difference between the two is that when the carboxylic ionizes the carboxylate anion is formed.  The carboxylate anion is much more stable than the alkoxide anion formed when the alcohol ionizes.  The carboxylate anion is much more stable because we can draw resonance structures to describe it.  This resonance stabilization of the carboxylate anion explains why carboxylic acids are so much more acidic than an alcohol.