Which chemicals can counter the corrosion of tamperproof hardware encryption chips?
Hydrogen fluoride protects the chip by converting into hydrofluoric acid upon contact with moisture or human tissue.

I was able to conclude this through this wiki article: 
Hydrogen Fluoride


  Upon contact with moisture, including tissue, hydrogen fluoride immediately converts to hydrofluoric acid, which is highly corrosive and toxic, and requires immediate medical attention upon exposure.[31] Breathing in hydrogen fluoride at high levels or in combination with skin contact can cause death from an irregular heartbeat or from fluid buildup in the lungs


The substance that can neutralize the Ph levels of the hydrofluoric acid is calcium gluconate. 

Calgonate 2.5% calcium gluconate gel neutralizes HF

This can be used to help clean up accidental contact with hydrofluoric acid and could possibly be used to prevent any chemical reactions from occurring upon tampering with the chip. The best bet in this situation is to conduct experiments in a dry lab environment and wear gloves. You want to have a fume fan as well as the caluium gluconate in the event of failure.