Difference between the terms “analyte” and “analyate” and their applicability
The unabridged Oxford English Dictionary, available by subscription, is the ultimate source to confirm the usages of English words. I checked the word "analyate" and it does not exist in the entire dictionary. The word analyte is also very recent (mid 1950s). I am not surprised that wrong spellings are published in high-end journals. If you study the statistics of wrong references, that is even more shocking. How many times it has happened that you check a citation and it turns out that the citation never mentioned anything like that.

Here is an excerpt from the OED


  Origin: Apparently formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: analyse v., -lyte comb. form.
  Etymology: Apparently &lt; ana- (in analyse v.) + -lyte comb. form, perhaps after electrolyte n.
  Chemistry.
  Categories »
  
  A substance that is analysed or determined, esp. quantitatively.
  
  1955   C. M. Crawford in Chem. &amp; Engin. News 5 Dec. 5262/2   There is
  not, as far as I am aware, any short word denoting ‘the substance
  being analysed for’ in use... My proposal is that the word ‘analyte’
  be understood to convey the above meaning.