Which compound should I avoid in deodorants to avoid "sticky, unwashable" feeling?
Regrettably, most deodorants work as antiperspirants,  by clogging the pores of apocrine glands. These include salts of aluminum and zirconium, which hydrolyze (break up and combine with water). One example is aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrex glycosine complex, which works by forming a sticky, colloidal gel with water (and sweat). It's like the tale of the scorpion and the frog -- its their nature to act that way.

A bad alternative is deodorants with antibacterial compounds such as triclosan, which don't block sweating, but kill some odor-causing bacteria. Some of these antibacterials are endocrine disruptors, and all promote a population of antibacterial-resistant germs on the skin.

Traditionally, personal deodorants were just masking scents, and in 16th century Europe, flowers were worn to cover the stench... personal and environmental.