Interference and absortion filters
There are a great many of each type of these filters. 

Interference filters are optimized for different wavelengths, different bandwidths, transmission vs. reflection etc. by controlling the materials and the thicknesses of the layers. A commercial supplier, Edmund Optics, shows how to specify and order filters.

In a similar manner, absorptive filters depend on the chemicals used to make them. For example, a solution of $\ce{CuSO4}$, copper sulfate, in water removes wavelengths between ~600-750 nm, but letting blue light through..