Does "easily hydrated" imply highly soluble in water too?
Note that you are considering two different things: easily hydrated cations and soluble compounds. Solubility is complicated, and compounds containing the same cations may well differ in solubility-- lithium oxide reacts violently with water to form lithium hydroxide, for example, whereas lithium fluoride is only sparingly soluble. 

What causes the difference between the two compounds? For one, the $\text{O}^{2-}$ anion is an extremely strong base, and readily reacts with water to form $2\,\text{OH}^-$; likely the high enthalpy of reaction provides a thermodynamic driving force for the dissolution of lithium oxide. If we then consider lithium fluoride, no large driving force exists to favor dissolution. While $\text{F}^-$ may react with water to form $\text{HF}$ and $\text{OH}^-$, $\text{F}^-$ is only weakly basic and such a reaction would not be as exothermic as that with lithium oxide.

We must then consider smaller driving forces that were drowned out when considering lithium oxide. Even though $\text{Li}^+$ and $\text{F}^-$ are both small, highly charged species with large charge densities that will interact favorably (with regards to enthalpy) with the polar water molecules in solution, their charge densities will also cause water molecules to cluster around the ions, forming hydration shells and hence decreasing entropy; this is thermodynamically unfavorable. Furthermore, the electropositivity of $\text{Li}^+$ and the electronegativity of $\text{F}^-$, combined with their small ionic radii, lead to a large lattice energy for $\text{LiF}$, further disfavoring dissociation. These effects all contribute to the sparing solubility of $\text{LiF}$.

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