Can compressed CO2 sprayed onto a hot mass/liquid be an effective means to cool it?
Celebrity chef Alton Brown produces ice cream using a device called the Jet Cream.  He sprays $\ce{CO2}$ from a fire extinguisher at a stream of chocolate milk, instantly producing ice cream. The only difference in your scenario and his is the starting temperature of the liquid.

To say that $\ce{CO2}$ absorbs no heat is absurd.  If it is colder than what it touches, it should absorb heat.