How can residual entropies be reconciled with the Third Law?
First of all, entropy is an absolute value; you don't use different reference scales and reference states for it. Internal energy is another story: it never appears in the equations as an absolute value, but only as a difference of starting and ending values, hence you may define a scale for it and place zero on that scale more or less arbitrarily. Ditto for enthalpy and Gibbs energy. But entropy is not like that.

Now to the point. The only thing that has zero entropy at $0\,\mathrm{K}$ is an ideal crystal, which is also the equilibrium state (whatever that might mean) of crystalline compounds at that temperature. Getting to equilibrium in fluids might be anything from slow to very fast; in solids it is usually rather slow, and in solids near absolute zero it is so slow that the Sun might well become a red giant before the last defects leave your real crystal. See, thermodynamics is all about eternity. Wait until then, and you'll see the Third law at work.

That's what we mean when we are talking of residual entropy.


   I know about the possible degeneracy of the ground state, but this post is already getting too long.


Does the said law have no bearing on earthly things, then? Why, it does. Many crystals just get good enough while growing at reasonable temperature. They have very few defects, hence their entropy is already pretty low and gets lower as we cool them down. On the other hand, many other crystals are not that good.

So why would the book list entropy of all compounds at $0\,\mathrm{K}$ as zero? Well, getting to absolute zero is infinitely hard, and getting close to it is pretty hard too. Maybe the authors just put all those zeros there in a well-intentioned attempt to remind the readers of the Third law? Too bad for those who by that point have heard of residual entropy.

Then again, I don't see why would $\ce{CO2}$ have much of residual entropy in the first place. It is a good rigid molecule with nice polar bonds and without nasty things like nuclear spin. Perhaps its entropy near the absolute zero is really $0.0$ within the given precision. Water ice is another story, with all its hydrogen disorder. But wait, isn't it transforming into a hydrogen-ordered form at low temperatures? So maybe the zeros are true, after all?