Which meta-learning approach selection methodology should I use for similarity learning of an image?
The only principled approach is to see if the problem you are working has been worked on before. If yes, then, use what they used for your problem. It is the alternative to go through all the models one-by-one.
Like, in your case, it bears a semblance with face models, so, Siamese network with ArcFace loss for getting your embeddings is a good bet for you.