How would an AI learn language?
The general research area is known as grammar induction.

It is generally framed as a supervised learning problem, with the input presented as raw text, and the desired output the corresponding parse tree.
The training set often consists of both positive and negative examples.

There is no single best method for achieving this, but some of the techniques that have been used to date include:


Bayesian approaches
Genetic Algorithms
Genetic Programming
Blackboard Architectures
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