Why are the value functions sometimes written with capital letters and other times with lower-case letters?
In the Sutton and Barto book $q(s,a)$ is used to denote the true expected value of taking action $a$ in state $s$, whereas capital $Q(s,a)$ is used to denote an estimate of $q(s,a)$. However, there is likely to be a lot of inconsistency in the literature as each author has their own preference on how to denote things. I would encourage you to consider whether the value you are reading is to denote an estimate or the true value.