Is there any way can teach AI creative painting (not convert photo to paint)?
This paper (that was featured in another question), StackGAN: Text to Photo-realistic Image Synthesis with Stacked Generative Adversarial Networks describes some techniques similar to what you described in the question.  Instead of comics, the system in the paper is trained on a database of nature photos (birds or flowers) combined with text descriptions of each photo.  It will then draw an "imaginary" bird or flower based purely on a text description.  It does this in two steps: it the first, it picks a posture for the depicted subject (I believe randomly...) and roughs out patches of color that match the described features of the subject in the selected posture.  It then refines the sketch, again using the text description for parameters, until it appears "photo-realistic" in the style of the training photos.  It does not just recreate its training images; instead, it is able to recreate features of its training images with different positions/colors.