Can this tic tac toe program be considered AI?
This is basically reinforcement learning. The state space contains your moves, and the value function are the value you store at the end. And your rewards are the end results. And you have episodic game. It is an AI method. Consider looking at value iteration, policy iteration, SARSA, Q-learning. The difference between neural network method and yours is you are not doing function approximation with neural network for the value function, you are doing tabular method.