Is it possible to predict the maximum daily/annual tide height without calculating hourly heights?
Tidal tables are regularly calculated by several oceanographic institutes worldwide and handed out e.g. for navigation. Influencing factors (superficially spoken) are positions of celestial bodies like Sun, Moon, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and others, modelling of the propagation of the tidal bulges over the ocean basins, and topography and coastal features to calculate individual heights and, equally important, strength and timing of currents. These calculations are done for certain points of interest, like ports or coastal features or areas that could pose a risk to navigation. It is calculated and published for a year in advance.
Modern electronic equipment displays values directly, else one would have to do it old style and search in the tables for adjacent places and a time interval and do a little interpolation manually.
The tables are usually to the minute, to the tenth of a knot in current, and a decimeter in height, but of course small scale local features and meteorology and weather can have huge influence and significally alter the precomputed values. But weather prediciton has its limits which are days.
Examples for tide tables:
https://www.linz.govt.nz/sea/tides/tide-predictions/how-calculate-tide-times-heights
https://www.admiralty.co.uk/digital-services/admiralty-digital-publications/admiralty-totaltide
You can check tidal figures for individual times and places yourself with the help of a nautical chart viewer (e.g. navionics.com chartviewer, the red diamonds with a T inside), or by buying the tables if one needs a copy, e.g. the ATT. I fear they cost a little something.
All that said, there is the concept of the &quot;Highest Astronomical Tide&quot; HAT, which is part of the calculations. Simply spoken the highest possible tide if all the celestial bodies pull in the same direction. But meteorological influences (e.g. a storm) cannot be calculated beyond a few days.
So, generally, this can not be done with exactness because of unforeseeable meteorological influences. If we ignore these (not advisable for nautical purposes) and for average meteorological conditions, the highest (or lowest) tide for a time and place can be taken from these tables.