How do I calculate Per capita $\ce{CO2}$ emissions?
You have the right idea, but you have your units and orders of magnitude confused.
You have started with knowing that Canada has 34 million people, and emits 0.55Gt - i.e. $0.55 \times 10^9$ tonnes - per year. 

Now rather than just using those figures, think about the units that you have, and the units that you've been asked to give the answer in. How many kilograms are in a gigatonne? Once you have a figure for kilograms per year, how will you convert this to kilograms per day?

NB I haven't checked your actual figures - only your arithmetic!