Are volcanoes formed from earthquakes?
From what you wrote, you are assuming several things:


The mantle is made up of molten rock,
Faults can go deep enough to reach the mantle.


Both are not exactly accurate.


  lava starts flowing out


The mantle of the Earth is mostly solid. It has areas where it's partially molten, and that's where the lava in some volcanic eruptions comes from. But mostly, it's solid. Even if you did get a fault line deep down there, it would not release any lava because it's not there to begin with.


  ...fault line would get deeper and deeper...


Faults can not go too deep. As you go deeper in the earth, rocks stop being brittle and become ductile. They don't break, the flow. Think of chocolate - if you take out chocolate from the freezer you can shatter it to pieces. If you put it in the sun, it bends instead of breaking. Same thing with rocks.


  I know that some earthquakes are caused by volcanoes


The movement of molten rock (magma) underground is the cause of volcanos and earthquakes associated with volcanos. Note that these kinds of earthquakes are usually very weak and their destructive power is very small, at least compared to the actual volcanic eruption.


  some earthquakes can trigger volcanic eruptions


Not really - only if it's a big earthquake you had molten rock around. Which brings me to the next point...

Having said that - actually most of the volcanic eruptions on Earth in fault lines where decompression of mantle occurs. These are the mid ocean ridges that look like this:

Source: Pearson Prentice Hall (?)

And are located here:

Source: USGS

In the case of mid ocean ridges, you basically have mantle rock melting because of decompression, and this is occurring at fault lines with earthquakes. However, the location where all of this is known and it's all pretty expected. It's also in mid ocean ridges (except Iceland) so the danger to us humans is negligible.

Other than those cases, the chances of having a surprise magnitude 8 earthquake with a volcano erupting after it are very low.