What are the use cases for Apache Spark vs Hadoop
Hadoop means HDFS, YARN, MapReduce, and a lot of other things. Do you mean Spark vs MapReduce? Because Spark runs on/with Hadoop, which is rather the point.

The primary reason to use Spark is for speed, and this comes from the fact that its execution can keep data in memory between stages rather than always persist back to HDFS after a Map or Reduce. This advantage is very pronounced for iterative computations, which have tens of stages each of which is touching the same data. This is where things might be "100x" faster. For simple, one-pass ETL-like jobs for which MapReduce was designed, it's not in general faster.

Another reason to use Spark is its nicer high-level language compared to MapReduce. It provides a functional programming-like view that mimics Scala, which is far nicer than writing MapReduce code. (Although you have to either use Scala, or adopt the slightly-less-developed Java or Python APIs for Spark). Crunch and Cascading already provide a similar abstraction on top of MapReduce, but this is still an area where Spark is nice.

Finally Spark has as-yet-young but promising subprojects for ML, graph analysis, and streaming, which expose a similar, coherent API. With MapReduce, you would have to turn to several different other projects for this (Mahout, Giraph, Storm). It's nice to have it in one package, albeit not yet 'baked'.

Why would you not use Spark? paraphrasing myself:


Spark is primarily Scala, with ported Java APIs; MapReduce might be friendlier and more native for Java-based developers
There is more MapReduce expertise out there now than Spark
For the data-parallel, one-pass, ETL-like jobs MapReduce was designed for, MapReduce is lighter-weight compared to the Spark equivalent
Spark is fairly mature, and so is YARN now, but Spark-on-YARN is still pretty new. The two may not be optimally integrated yet. For example until recently I don't think Spark could ask YARN for allocations based on number of cores? That is: MapReduce might be easier to understand, manage and tune