Recording changing values over time
It sounds like you're planning to store all the input data. That has to be sufficient if your problem can be solved. There is nothing else...

Whether it's "easy", that's a relative term and it depends on many things. It depends on the kind of analysis that you want to do and the amount of data, among other things. If you have less then a few MB of data and you just want to calculate basic statistics like the mean or the sum, then Excel is much easier than S3. But S3 is very scalable, and it can easily be read from systems that allow to train complex models, so if you have a lot of data and that's what you want to do, then it could be a good choice.