Multidimensional K-Means wiith sklearn, centroids problem when plotting
In your plot you used PCA to reduce the dimensionality of your data, but you plotted the first 2 dimensions of your centroids. You should also transform the centroids using the PCA transform you fitted on your data.
This code should work for you
numClusters= 12
kmeans = KMeans(n_clusters=numClusters).fit(X)
centroids = kmeans.cluster_centers_

# Predicting the clusters
labels = kmeans.predict(X)
# Getting the cluster centers
C = kmeans.cluster_centers_

#transform n variiables to 2 principal components to plot
pca = PCA(n_components=2)
pca_fit = pca.fit(X)
principalComponents = pca_fit.transform(X)
principalDf = pd.DataFrame(data = principalComponents
         , columns = ['principal component 1', 'principal component 2'])

colors =['red','green','blue','cyan','yellow', 'lime','orange','coral','brown','peru','khaki','tan']
centroidColor= []
for item in range(numClusters):
  centroidColor.append(colors[item])

dataPointColor=[]
for row in labels:
  dataPointColor.append(colors[row])

fig = plt.figure(figsize = (10,10))
ax = fig.add_subplot(1,1,1) 
ax.set_xlabel('Principal Component 1', fontsize = 15)
ax.set_ylabel('Principal Component 2', fontsize = 15)
ax.set_title('2 component PCA', fontsize = 20)
plt.scatter(principalDf['principal component 1'], principalDf['principal component 2'], 
c=dataPointColor, s=50, alpha=0.5)

C_transformed = pca_fit.transform(C)
plt.scatter(C_transformed[:, 0], C_transformed[:, 1], c=centroidColor, s=200, marker=('x'))
plt.show()