Semantic networks: word2vec?
There are a few models that are trained to analyse a sentence and classify each token (or recognise dependencies between words).

Part of speech tagging (POS) models assign to each word its function (noun, verb, ...) - have a look at this link

Dependency parsing (DP) models will recognize which words go together (in this case Angela and Merkel for instance) - check this out

Named entity recognition (NER) models will for instance say that &quot;Angela Merkel&quot; is a person, &quot;Germany&quot; is a country ... - another link