Techniques for Cluster Analysis of a Very Large (n=140000) Binary Dataset in Python?
Since you have binary data, you can use hamming distance as your similarity metric for clustering.
Then you have to handle the size of your data. Here are couple of options:

Rent a bigger computer or a cluster of computers from cloud computing service.

Treat the problem as a streaming data problem. Use &quot;online&quot; techniques to load and fit only a portion of the data at a time.