How to approach for predicting semantic similarity between two phrases
What you are describing is one of the &quot;standard&quot; NLP problems faced in NLP and it usually referred to as &quot;natural language inference&quot; (NLI), or sometimes also as &quot;textual entailment&quot;.
There is plenty of research in this kind of task, and its variants, like cross-lingual NLI (XNLI). I suggest you have a look at nlpprogress (link) or paperswithcode (link) to understand the landscape of benchmark datasets and SoTA models in NLI.