Get an equation from the relationship among variables
This seems like a problem that can be fixed with any regression problem. Here are models I would recommend to get started with:


If you need your model to be explainable (i.e. show which factors contributed to the score most):


Decision trees / random forests
Linear regression


If you only care about giving a final score


Essentially any other model, which can include:   

Support vector machines
Neural Networks
K-Nearest Neighbours
Gaussian Processes
and more