Can we generate huge dataset with Generative Adversarial Networks
This is unlikely to add much beyond your direct data collection efforts. 

The quality of current GAN outputs (as of 2017) will not be high enough. The images produced by a GAN are typically small and can have unusual/ambiguous details and odd distortions. In the paper you linked, the images generated by the system from a sentence have believable blocks of colour given the subject matter, but without the sentence priming you what to expect most of them are not recognisable as any specific subject.

GANs with a less ambitious purpose than generating images from sentences (which is despite my criticism above, a truly remarkable feat IMO) should produce closer to photo-realistic images. But their scope will be less and probably not include your desired image type. Also, typically the output size is small e.g. 64x64 or 128x128*, and there are still enough distortions and ambiguities that original ground truth photos would be far preferable.

The GAN is itself limited by training library available - it will not do well if you attempt to generate images outside of the scope of its training data. The results shown in the research paper of course focus on the domain supplied by the training data. But you cannot just feed any sentence into this model and expect a result that would be useful elsewhere.

If you find a GAN that has been trained on a suitable data set for your problem, then you are most likely better off trying to source the same data directly for your project.

If you are facing a problem with limited ground truth data, then maybe a better approach to using a GAN would be to use a pre-trained classifier such as VGG-19 or Inception v5, replace the last few fully-connected layers, and fine tune it on your data. Here is an example of doing that using Keras library in Python - other examples can be found with searches like "fine tune CNN image classifier".



* State-of-the art GANs have got better since I posted this answer. A research team at Nvidia has had remarkable success creating 1024x1024 photo-realistic images. However, this does not change the other points in my answer. GANs are not a reliable source of images for image classification tasks, except maybe for sub-tasks of whatever the GAN has already been trained on and is able to generate conditionally (or maybe more trivially, to provide source data for "other" categories in classifiers).