Document matching with more priority to certain features than others
If you don't want all features to have the same weight in the cosine similarity you could just use weighted cosine similarity.

Cosine similarity is calculated as

$similarity = \frac{\vec A\cdot \vec B}{\Vert A\Vert\cdot\Vert B\Vert}$

Now, if you multiply each component $a_i$ of $\vec A$ and $b_i$ of $\vec B$ with a weight $w_i$ you will get a weighted cosine similarity.

Which weights you should use depend on the application. If you have a ranking of your features $\vec R$ you could give $\frac{1}{r_i}$ or $\frac{1}{r^2_i}$ a try. The feature with rank 1 will have a weight of 1 in both cases. In principle any measure of feature importance will do as weights.