Creating a vanishing point perspective shader
It should be possible to do this properly by using a modified projection matrix for your entire scene that has its far plane at infinity, as detailed here. That should allow you to properly render points infinitely far away from the camera. The presentation says that such a point is represented by a direction (a vector with .w = 0), so it should be as simple as replacing the position of your vertex with the direction vector pointing towards the desired vanishing point.

One caveat is that any interpolation between the vanishing point and any other vertex would be incorrect, because the perspective correct hardware interpolator can't properly handle infinite values. This shouldn't affect lighting assuming normals are the same, but it will make texturing considerably harder. Probably the easiest way here would be to do an inverse projection of the point back to object space in the fragment shader and define the texture coordinates to be based on the object space position of the fragment.