Algorithms to "anti-alias" (or somehow improve) binary 1-bit drawings and fonts
PIL's Image.convert function performs dithering by default when you convert the image to 1-bit—not simply thresholding. That's what creates the noise along the edges of the shapes; the antialiasing isn't the problem. Unfortunately, at such a low resolution, the dithering does more harm than good.

I grabbed your original image from your other question and did a straight threshold at 128, and it comes out looking a lot better:



That's probably about as good as you'll be able to do on a low-resolution 1-bit display, absent a bitmap font that's specifically designed for those circumstances.

In PIL this operation can be implemented using Image.point, as follows:

image1Bit = image8Bit.point(lambda x: 0 if x &lt; 128 else 1, mode='1')