How to perform logging of Ansible crons in Kibana?
Ansible is an automation tool, so it can automate things you can do by hands.

But as far as I know no existing cron-like services support sending logs to elasticsearch (Kibana is just a viewer, btw) out of the box.

So at first, you should create some wrapper script that will execute your actual job and send it's result to elasticsearch.

An then schedule this wrapper script via Ansible.

Or choose another route, setup syslog forwarding to logstash/elasticsearch on your target box to collect all logs, then just filter your desired cron jobs.