OMD vs Ubuntu install issues
According to How to let dpkg -i install dependencies for me? it sounds like dpkg doesn't have support for automatically installing a package's dependencies.

Personally I'd switch to a package manager which has such support, like apt-get. You'll like it ;)

Alternatively you could:


use a "helper" application around dpkg as suggested in the above-mentioned answer
manually collect the entire list of missing dependencies and install them as well. But it can be very tedious. 



  I have the dependencies installed, but on the latest version


The version is part of the dependency, so technically the above means you don't actually have the dependencies installed. At least not for that particular version of OMG.


  and assuming that OMD and the packages that comes with it requires the
  older version?


Bingo. You have 2 options:


re-create an older version of your system which is compatible with your particular version of OMD. It could be based on Docker or some VM technology (or some plain old hw you may have lying around). I won't consider downgrading your system a solution :)
look for a newer version of OMD, hopefully one that's happy with what you have installed and on which its dependencies can be installed (some packages suport multiple versions installed on the same system). Also note from omdistro.org, you may be looking for another package:



  With the growing popularity of OMD, we came to a point were it makes
  sense to develop two specialized versions of OMD.
  
  
  Check_MK Raw: Check_MK Raw Edition focuses on Check_MK. Use this if you mainly use Check_MK. This is a smaller package including
  all components to run Check_MK.
  OMD-Labs: OMD-Labs contains all components of the original omd and some more addons like Grafana and Influxdb as well as Naemon and
  Icinga 2.