Listing filesystem differences between a Docker image and one of its ancestors
There was already a stackoverflow question about that topic, but the answers didn't really help me. The container-diff tools was the most promising solution, but I would have preferred not relying on a third-party tool.

Finally, since docker can export an archive of a container filesystem, I end up with this solution:

BASE_CID=$(sudo docker create ubuntu:18.04)
TARGET_CID=$(sudo docker create rogueimage:latest)

sudo docker export "${BASE_CID}" | tar tv &gt; base.filelist
sudo docker export "${TARGET_CID}" | tar tv &gt; target.filelist


Then using your favorite diff tool you can examine the difference:

vimdiff {base,target}.filelist