Force Jenkins to reschedule parallel pipeline step as soon as node goes offline
There are two approaches to this, neither of them, in my opinion, are especially good as they don't strictly "NOT Fail" the build:


Use a plugin such as Naginator which can be configured to restart the build until it passes.  This can be quite frustrating as you need to differentiate between ephemeral/preemptable virtual machines being terminated and a truly failed build.
Move to an orchestrator model that manages individual jobs and restarts them based upon a set of rules.


Perhaps a better solution would be to develop a Jenkins Plugin similar to the EC2 Fleet Plugin which is responsible for spinning up and maintaining Spot Instances (i.e. similar to GCEs Preemptable Instances) resubmitting jobs when they fail due to instance reclamation.