Upload data into docker container from docker volume
You can mount a volume e.g. at /app/artifacts then set up your application to place the artifacts on that folder. 

docker run -d \
-v artifacts-vol:/app/artifacts \
artifact-creator:latest


then after that, you can mount the same volume to a separate container and specify on the new container to read the artifacts from the volume location

docker run -d \
-v artifacts-vol:/app/artifacts \
artifact-reader:latest