How might I select specific data in an entry to be displayed when selecting an entry?
Probably a dozen different ways to tackle this, but I'd probably use Craft's flexible relationship engine by creating a Bios channel and a Jobs channel.

The Bios channel would have an entries field assigned to its field layout with its source set to Jobs and it would allow for multiple selections.

Then, when creating a new Bios entry, you'd select the Job(s) for that person.

You could pull them out into the front-end however you'd like at that point.