Problems with channel and locales
Okay, so I found the answer. And the reason it wasn't working is because I've been using another .htaccess (a hybrid of h5bp and Craft) than the default that comes with the Craft download. And this .htaccess included a RewriteBase, which was set to /. So when one tried to access /no/{slug} the RewriteBase would send it up one folder, basically. So I had to go into each of the locales .htaccess and set their RewriteBase to /no and so on.

I'm just gonna leave it here, and I'm pretty sure I'm gonna find this post again the next time I'm making a multi-lingual site and don't understand why all of my links are broken...