What is the correct way to format a module controller action URL?
It depends on the module handle you chose in config/app.php (the module handle is the key affected to your module in the modules array).
If you want the URL to be /business-logic/example/example-route, the module key must be business-logic:
use modules\businesslogic\BusinessLogic;

return [
    'modules' =&gt; [
        'business-logic' =&gt; BusinessLogic::class,
    ],
    'bootstrap' =&gt; [
        'business-logic',
    ]
];