How does a CMS work ? How to add articles and manage them?
Creating a website in Craft CMS as you outline requires a fair bit of knowledge:


HTML
CSS
Tag language, like Twig (which is what Craft CMS uses)
Maybe a little JavaScript
Basics of file management, FTP (or version control)


Wordpress is a tool that may allow you to create your site with less knowledge of the above - there are pros and cons to each approach. 

If you have knowledge of the above skills, I suggest watching some basic Craft tutorials, at Mjingo, for example, installing Craft on a local or remote server, and learning the basics. Then you will know if it is the right tool for you.

Here's a big list of Craft resources.