Craft Migration fails (SuperTable propagationMethod)
On the chance that anyone is having this same issue, here is what I needed to do to fix the issue (based on help provided by Craft's Support -- many thanks to them):

The Super Table plugin was out of date. The admin panel didn't show the issue and a composer update didn't either. I had to manually update the composer.json file to reflect the current Super Table version, "verbb/super-table": "2.4.9". Then I was able to clear the composer cache and run an update. The migration then worked just fine.