LE BOURGET, France — After two weeks of weighing and measuring, 195 countries appear to have converged on a deal to save the world from global climate change. The key: an agreement that countries will curtail emissions to keep global temperatures from rising much higher than 1.5 degrees C above historic averages. 
 
 Expert reviewers have praised the newest, final draft agreement from the COP21 talks in Paris as scientific, balanced, and—perhaps most importantly—ambitious. In all, the document appears to do something nobody thought possible, which is look out for the needs of developing countries while also sending a strong signal to investors that they should start shifting their resources to things that don't destroy Earth. 
 
 It will take a few days before scientists, economists, and policy experts have a complete grasp of the agreement's implications, but for now, most seem positive. Perhaps most exciting, from a scientific standpoint, are the provisions backing up the document's ambitious temperature goals. Countries will need to have net zero greenhouse gas emissions sometime in the second half of the 21st century. For the 2 degrees C goal, that's net zero between 2080 and 2090, and for 1.5 degrees C between 2060 and 2070, says Jennifer Morgan, World Resources Institutes global climate director. 
 
 According to Michael Jacobs, policy advisor for New Climate Economy, that language will send a strong signal to businesses and investors. "Businesses wanted a signal about how the future economy would be shaped," he says. That signal is that governments are committed an irreversible downward carbon trend, so invest accordingly, because the relevant sectors of the economy are going to succeed. 
 
 The document also ensures developed countries will give money to developing countries to cope with the effects of climate effects already happening—and those to come. That money will also help developing countries to decouple their economies from greenhouse gases, and measure their ongoing emissions every five years. 
 
 Countries big and small, developed and developing, all indicated support for the document. Even India, notable for its size, population, and potential energy demands in the coming decades, seemed to be ready to sign on. 
 
 Notably absent from the document are any mentions of restrictions on air travel or shipping. Those two industries count for 2.1 and 3.2 percent of current greenhouse gas emissions, respectively, but also have a profound impact on the global economy. Also, the agreement doesn't hold rich countries liable for the damages climate change has already wreaked on poor countries—in other words, no reparations for centuries of emissions. 
 
 But hey, that's international negotiations for you. And stacked against the backdrop of 20 years of failed climate agreements, these negotiations went very well. "Many condemned this process for being too slow," says Thomas Spencer, climate director for Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations. "But I think we have the proof here that it was worth it." And besides, this is really just the start. A signed paper will be one thing; now the work of building a new global economy begins. ||||| After two weeks of marathon negotiations, 195 countries approved an accord that would wean the world off fossil fuels this century, limiting global warming to 2ºC, with an aspirational target of 1.5ºC. It’s the first successful end to a global climate summit after two decades of failed negotiations. 
 
 The final draft of the text that forms the backbone of the Paris accord was supposed to be completed Friday morning, but negotiations ran long in light of numerous disputes over the wording of key passages. Major sticking points included whether the world should limit its carbon emissions to prevent more than 2ºC of global warming—a widely recognized target—or whether a more ambitious goal of 1.5ºC of warming should be pursued. Developing nations and low-lying countries that are already feeling the impacts of climate change have made a strong push for the latter. 
 
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 The final text is a bit of a compromise: the resolution calls on the world to hold “the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 °C” and to pursue “efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 °C.” We should, however, bear in mind that the world has already hit 1ºC of warming, and based on the carbon reductions pledges countries have brought to the table, experts say we’ll be lucky if we hit the 2ºC warming target. 
 
 Another major point of contention in Paris has been financing. At the Copenhagen climate summit in 2009, it was decided that wealthy nations would shore up $100 billion a year by 2020 to help the developing world decarbonize quickly. Developing nations have insisted that specific language needs to be included in the final text to ensure that this pledge is met. Ultimately, the $100 billion figure appears only in the text’s preamble, not in any legally binding portions of the agreement. 
 
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 Each country has created its own carbon emissions reductions targets and deadlines. The final text legally requires all countries to report their progress every five years, with the goal of incrementally stepping up ambition across the board. 
 
 Perhaps the most optimistic part of the final accord is an explicit long-term goal of net-zero carbon emissions, to be met sometime in the latter half of the 21st century. Here’s that specific text: 
 
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 Not everyone is 100% happy with the accord, but today’s unanimous vote of support is nonetheless historic, marking the very first time an agreement of this scope is legally binding for all nations. 
 
 “Our text is the best possible balance,” French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius said this afternoon, “a balance which is powerful yet delicate, which will enable each delegation, each group of countries, with his head held high, having achieved something important.” 
 
 
 
 Now let’s see if the world acts on it. 
 
 Follow the author @themadstone ||||| Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption The BBC's Daniel Boettcher explains what is included in the climate change deal 
 
 A deal to attempt to limit the rise in global temperatures to less than 2C has been agreed at the climate change summit in Paris after two weeks of intense negotiations. 
 
 The pact is the first to commit all countries to cut carbon emissions. 
 
 The agreement is partly legally binding and partly voluntary. 
 
 Earlier, key blocs, including the G77 group of developing countries, and nations such as China and India said they supported the proposals. 
 
 President of the UN climate conference of parties (COP) and French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius said: "I now invite the COP to adopt the decision entitled Paris Agreement outlined in the document. 
 
 "Looking out to the room I see that the reaction is positive, I see no objections. The Paris agreement is adopted." 
 
 COP21: In summary 
 
 As he struck the gavel to signal the adoption of the deal, delegates rose to their feet cheering and applauding. 
 
 Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption The announcement was greeted by cheers and excitement in the hall 
 
 US President Barack Obama has hailed the agreement as "ambitious" and "historic", but also warned against complacency. 
 
 "Together, we've shown what's possible when the world stands as one," he said. 
 
 And although admitting that the deal was not "perfect", he said it was "the best chance to save the one planet we have". 
 
 China's chief negotiator Xie Zhenhua said the deal was not perfect. But he added that "this does not prevent us from marching historical steps forward". 
 
 Nearly 200 countries took part in the negotiations to strike the first climate deal to commit all countries to cut emissions, which would come into being in 2020. 
 
 The chairman of the group representing some of the world's poorest countries called the deal historic, adding: "We are living in unprecedented times, which call for unprecedented measures. 
 
 "It is the best outcome we could have hoped for, not just for the Least Developed Countries, but for all citizens of the world." 
 
 Key points 
 
 The measures in the agreement included: 
 
 • To peak greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible and achieve a balance between sources and sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of this century 
 
 • To keep global temperature increase "well below" 2C (3.6F) and to pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5C 
 
 • To review progress every five years 
 
 • $100 billion a year in climate finance for developing countries by 2020, with a commitment to further finance in the future. 
 
 Image copyright Reuters Image caption UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon and French President Hollande join in the celebrations 
 
 Analysis: The BBC's Matt McGrath in Paris 
 
 The speeches and the cliches at the adoption of the Paris Agreement flowed like good champagne - success after all has many fathers! The main emotion is relief. The influence of the COP president, Laurent Fabius, cannot be overstated. His long diplomatic career gave him a credibility seldom matched in this arena. He used his power well. 
 
 The deal that has been agreed, under Mr Fabius, is without parallel in terms of climate change or of the environment. It sets out a clear long term temperature limit for the planet and a clear way of getting there. There is money for poor countries to adapt, there is a strong review mechanism to increase ambition over time. This is key if the deal is to achieve the aim of keeping warming well below 2C. 
 
 More than anything though the deal signifies a new way for the world to achieve progress - without it costing the Earth. A long term perspective on the way we do sustainability is at the heart of this deal. If it delivers that, it truly will be world changing. 
 
 Read more from Matt McGrath 
 
 Ahead of the deal being struck, delegates were in a buoyant mood as they gathered in the hall waiting for the plenary session to resume. 
 
 Mr Fabius was applauded as he entered the hall ahead of the announcement. 
 
 Earlier, French President Francois Hollande called the proposals unprecedented, while UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon called on negotiators to "finish the job". 
 
 However, the celebratory mood has not been shared among all observers. 
 
 'Almost nothing binding' 
 
 Nick Dearden, director of campaign group Global Justice Now, said: "It's outrageous that the deal that's on the table is being spun as a success when it undermines the rights of the world's most vulnerable communities and has almost nothing binding to ensure a safe and liveable climate for future generations." 
 
 Some aspects of the agreement will be legally binding, such as submitting an emissions reduction target and the regular review of that goal. 
 
 However, the targets set by nations will not be binding under the deal struck in Paris. 
 
 Observers say the attempt to impose emissions targets on countries was one of the main reasons why the Copenhagen talks in 2009 failed. 
 
 At the time, nations including China, India and South Africa were unwilling to sign up to a condition that they felt could hamper economic growth and development. 
 
 The latest negotiations managed to avoid such an impasse by developing a system of Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs). 
 
 In these, which form the basis of the Paris agreement goal of keeping global temperature rise "well below" 2C (3.6F) above pre-industrial levels, nations outline their plans on cutting their post-2020 emissions. 
 
 An assessment published during the two-week talks suggested that the emission reductions currently outlined in the INDCs submitted by countries would only limit global temperature rise by 2.7C. 
 
 Nick Mabey, chief executive of climate diplomacy organisation E3G, said the agreement was an ambitious one that would require serious political commitment to deliver. 
 
 "Paris means governments will go further and faster to tackle climate change than ever before," he said. 
 
 "The transition to a low carbon economy is now unstoppable, ensuring the end of the fossil fuel age." 
 
 UN climate conference 30 Nov - 11 Dec 2015 
 
 COP 21 - the 21st session of the Conference of the Parties - will see more than 190 nations gather in Paris to discuss a possible new global agreement on climate change, aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions to avoid the threat of dangerous warming due to human activities. 
 
 Explained: What is climate change? 
 
 In video: Why does the Paris conference matter? 
 
 Analysis: Latest from BBC environment correspondent Matt McGrath 
 
 In graphics: Climate change in six charts 
 
 More: BBC News special report (or follow the COP21 tag in the BBC News app)
– Two weeks after climate talks started in Paris, negotiators made history and did something that will "save the world," Wired reports. According to Gizmodo, 195 countries signed a climate pact on Saturday to cut greenhouse gas emissions and limit global warming. In two decades of climate conferences, this is the first to end in a successful agreement. “Our text is the best possible balance, a balance which is powerful yet delicate, which will enable each delegation, each group of countries, with his head held high, having achieved something important," French foreign minister Laurent Fabius says. After the pact—the first to legally commit all countries to reducing carbon emissions—was signed, delegates from the 195 countries rose for a standing ovation, the BBC reports. The final agreement represents a compromise between developed and developing countries. Gizmodo reports it calls for nations to keep global warming "well below" 2 degrees Celsius, with 1.5 degrees as a target. Countries "already feeling the impacts of climate change" had pushed for the lower limit. Developed countries will commit $100 billion per year to help developing countries, though that commitment isn't legally binding. According to the BBC, nations will have to report on their progress every five years. Gizmodo notes the most optimistic portion of the final agreement is a section calling for net zero carbon emissions sometime in the second half of the 21st century. Wired reports two items not included in the pact are a reduction of air travel and shipping—which account for more than 5% of greenhouse gasses—and reparations for poor countries hurt by climate change.