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 Jordan won’t choose companies for a $900 million project to desalinate Red Sea water and help rescue the Dead Sea, shrinking by a meter (3.3 feet) a year, until the second half of 2014, a government spokesman said. 
 
 Omar Salameh, spokesperson of the Ministry of Water and Irrigation, said the project is expected to start this year with a plant to be built in the Red Sea port of Aqaba that can produce about 80 million cubic meters of drinking water. 
 
 “The project will provide Jordan with much-needed water, especially as the country is one of the poorest in terms of water in the world,” Salameh said yesterday by phone. 
 
 Brine generated from desalinating the water to be supplied to the Dead Sea as a pilot test has environmental groups calling for further studies. The lowest place on Earth has lost a third of its surface area from drought, agricultural diversion and pumping to extract minerals for fertilizers. 
 
 To contact the reporter on this story: Mohammad Tayseer in Amman, Jordan at mtayseer@bloomberg.net 
 
 To contact the editor responsible for this story: Randall Hackley at rhackley@bloomberg.net ||||| By Star-Advertiser staff 
 
 
 
 COURTESY U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Lake Waiau, below the summit of Mauna Kea, has nearly disappeared since 2010. 
 
 
 
 Scientists at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory say Lake Waiau, the tiny body of water just below Mauna Kea's summit has been shrinking at an alarming rate and has almost disappeared. 
 
 Since 2010, the lake has shrunk from about 1.2 to 1.7 acres to about .03 acres, 2 percent of its normal surface area, according to this week's Volcano Watch article. 
 
 The lake had been about 3 yards deep, but the water level is now less than a foot, meaning the water volume has shrunk to about 1 percent of its 2010 size, according to measurements by former University of Hawaii Hilo professor Donna Delparte. 
 
 Observatory scientists, Office of Mauna Kea Management rangers and state land and wildlife officials have been monitoring the disappearing water. But they are still trying to figure out why the lake is disappearing. 
 
 Scientists say, based on historical photographs and written reports, that a drop of this magnitude hasn't happened in the lake's recorded history. 
 
 Drought may be a factor in the water loss, the Volcano Watch article said. 
 
 "The Mauna Kea visitor center weather station shows very little precipitation for several consecutive months in early 2010, which may have been a trigger for the level drop that was sustained by low precipitation over the subsequent few years. The National Drought Mitigation Center shows that the drought across Hawaii intensified in early 2010," observatory scientists said. 
 
 But there could be other factors. 
 
 Lake Waiau is a "perched" water body, in which water is held in a depression by an impermeable substrate of layers of silty clay, interbedded with ash layers, and possibly permafrost, the article said. 
 
 Scientists are also wondering if the permafrost that surrounds the lake may have altered the water balance. 
 
 Scientists are asking residents with historical photographs of the lake to contact them by email at askHVO@usgs.gov. 
 
 "Given its cultural significance and its uniqueness, the disappearance of Lake Waiau would be a great loss for Hawaii. The future is far from certain for Lake Waiau, and DLNR (Department of Land and Natural Resources), rangers, and scientists will continue to watch this situation," the Volcano Watch article said.
– Climate change, sinkholes, human water use—the reasons are many, but the result is the same: Lakes across the world have shrunk or disappeared completely, and in the Smithsonian, Sarah Zielinski tells their stories. Among them: It's called the Dead Sea, but it's technically a lake, and it's been around for millennia. Thanks to water diverted to businesses and homes, however, the balance between water entering and evaporating from the lake has been thrown off. Now, it's getting shallower, at a rate of about a meter yearly—though officials are working on the problem. Lake Waiau was seen by native Hawaiians as a sacred spot. Just 10 feet deep at its deepest, it started disappearing in 2010, and as of September, it was just a pond, less than a foot deep. The reason for the phenomenon, which US officials call "unprecedented in modern times," isn't known for certain; drought is among the possibilities. Florida's Scott Lake was the victim of a 2006 sinkhole; it was gone within two weeks, and it took some 32 tons of wildlife with it. The lake is slowly returning as clay and silt fill the sinkhole, but whether it will be back for good is an open question. Last year saw Chile's Lake Cachet 2, in the Andes, disappear in a night. The culprit here was climate change, which has caused the glacial lake's frequent disappearance and return. The Colonia glacier holds Lake Cachet 2 in place; when melting thins the glacier, a tunnel allows the water to escape. Lake Chad, which is found in Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria, used to be the sixth-biggest lake in the world. Not anymore: Some 90% of its area is gone, thanks to a combination of familiar reasons—drought, human use, and climate change among them. That's caused a "local lack of water, crop failures, livestock deaths, collapsed fisheries, soil salinity, and increasing poverty throughout the region," the UN says. Images at Discover magazine show the changing lake. Click for Zielinski's full list.