 3GPP Tdoc RP-142286, Work Item Description, 'LTE Carrier Aggregation Enhancements Beyond 5 Carriers', December 2014. LTE Macro Cell Evolution Mihai Enescu, Amitava Ghosh, Bishwarup Mondal and Antti Toskala 11.1 Introduction Network-Assisted Interference Cancellation Evolution of Antenna Array Technology Deployment Scenarios for Antenna Arrays Massive-MIMO Supported by LTE Further LTE Multi-antenna Standardization Release 13 Advanced Receiver Enhancements Conclusions References Introduction This chapter covers the evolution in Release 12 and Release 13 for the macro cell layer, which is important from an operator point of view as it basically addresses how to get most of the gains out of the existing cell sites. A good part of the existing network topology has been in many cases installed originally for 3G, 2G or even analog systems, and perhaps part of the spectrum has been even refarmed to newer technologies more than once. The exist- ing sites offer, depending on the terms and conditions of site owner of course, cost-efficient approach as infrastructure is already there in terms of power and backhaul connectivity from earlier systems. This chapter is looking into system evolution solutions at both the eNodeB and UE sides. We are first addressing the latest receiver improvement technology, on the UE side, as has been specified in 3GPP in terms of network-assisted interference cancella- tion and suppression (NAICS) as well as common reference signal interference cancellation (CRS-IC) in homogeneous scenarios. In the following sections, we discuss eNodeB solutions such as 3D-beamforming, also including vertical sectorization, UE-specific beamforming and LTE Small Cell Optimization: 3GPP Evolution to Release 13, First Edition. Edited by Harri Holma, Antti Toskala and Jussi Reunanen. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. LTE Small Cell Optimization DL MIMO improvements. Finally, we are elaborating on the Release 13 study on the use of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) with LTE