rers fabric, 253-256 OEO conversions, see Optical-electrical-optical feature delivery, 89-90 conversions function, 3-4, 32, 346, 347 OFDM, see Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing function virtualization, 28-29 OLT, see Optical line terminal network-based firewalls, 253 OMF, see Operational Management Framework; network-based proxies, 253 Orchestration and management function operators, 3 ONAP, see Open network automation platform optimization, 272-273 On demand services, 273 perimeter, 198-199 1G mobility system, 1-2 provisioning, 332 ONIE, see Open network install environment resource autonomous control function, 92-93 ONOS, 101 resource control function, 92 Open-loop systems, 158 virtualization, 26-27, 186 Open-O, 104 Network security, 15-16, 171, 182-185 Open-Source Foundations, 395 advantages of SDN and NFV, 173-176 Open Access Language (OpenAL), 228 architecture, 177-189 Open access network software, 240-241 challenges, 176, 177 OpenAL, see Open Access Language components of hardening, 199-200 OpenCL, 228 future research and development, 199 Open Compute Networking Project, 234 Index Open Compute Project (OCP), 234, 235, 255 OpenStack resource manager (ORM), 60, 61 Open configuration, 262-263 OpenStack Telemetry Service OpenContrail, 39, 101 Ceilometer, 374-377 Open control of packet processors, 263-264 Open standard model, 251 Open Daylight (ODL), 14, 101, 391, 395-396 Open Systems for Interconnection model (OSI model), 11, "Open DNS," 140 12, 13 OpenFlow, 263, 355 Open virtual switch (OVS), 209 OpenGL, 228 OVS-based approach, 210-211 Open hardware specifications, 240 Open vOLT hardware specifications, 235-237 Open innovation, 401 Open XGS-PON 1RU vOLT, 235 Open interfaces, 240 Open XGS-PON 4-port remote vOLT, 237 Open network automation platform (ONAP), 6-7, 14, 15, Operating expenditure (OpEx), 105, 335, 365 46, 104, 105, 106-107, 177; see also Network(s) Operating system (OS), 25, 72 component roles, 107-109 operating system-level virtualization, 56 configuring ONAP to enabling operations security