umber of symbols Different or same guard bands between (kHz) in one slot multiple numerologies. Windowing with different or same roll- off factors for each user or numerology. 1.19 4.17 12 14 Filtering with different or same filter 0.125 coefficients for each user or numerology. Figure 7.4 Waveform parameter options in 5G NR. 7 Multi-Numerology Waveform Parameter Assignment in 5G amount of inter-numerology guard bands is left flexible in 3GPP standards, and there are no limitations. 7.3 Waveform Parameter Assignment 3GPP standards give the BS and user equipment (UE) manufacturers the freedom to imple- ment any additional algorithm they desire as long as it is transparent to the receiver [43]. Scheduling algorithms are also left implementation-dependent. In this context, waveform parameter assignment can be done flexibly with different optimization steps. In this section, details of various example case studies for waveform parameter assignment are provided. Numerology assignments will be done via bandwidth part (BWP) selections in 5G NR. Each BWP has one specific numerology, and BWP operations in frequency domain are implementation-dependent. They are controlled by BS. One BWP can belong to a single user or multiple users. It is also possible to make a BWP for one service. In this subsection, the focus is on numerology assignment rather than on BWP operations. Therefore, BWP issues are not discussed in the remaining parts. An example case study for numerology assignment for users and services is given in [3]. They first map the user and service requirements to numerology parameters in a specific parameter set for 5G NR. It is assumed that there is a feedback mechanism from users to BSs regarding the requirements, as shown in Figure 7.5. Then, they use the scheduler to find the best suitable numerologies from a parameter set for each user and services. This solution makes all users satisfied but it is not realistic. Increasing the number of effective numerologies in a system brings in the necessity for more redund