eatures (e.g., access management, session management, mobility management, and charging), and IP multimedia subsystem and TCP optimization VNFs running in a core cloud. MVO covers the use of technologies and solutions that enable mobile network operators (MNOs) to optimize the delivery of video content through a host of video optimization techniques, prioritization policies, user- based customization, and intelligent management of overall traffic on their data networks. MVO aims at maxi- mizing the quality of video services and enhancing end user experience, while enabling MNOs to monetize the mobile video services, both operators' own and third-party over-the-top services. xlviii Introduction and Background Massive MTC slice: Light-duty 5GC without mobility management functions in the core cloud. Mission-critical IoT slice: 5GC user-plane and the associated servers (e.g., V2X server) are all located in the edge cloud to minimize transport delay. Dedicated slices are created for services with different requirements and virtualized network functions are assigned to different locations in each slice (i.e., edge cloud or core cloud) depending on the services. Some network functions, such as charging, policy control, might be essential in one slice but unnecessary in other slices. Operators can customize network slices in the most cost-effective manner. In the RAN side the slicing can be realized based on grouping of physical radio resources or logical radio resources that are abstracted from physical radio resources. RAN slicing can be implemented by mapping a slice identifier to a set of configuration rules applied to the RAN control-plane and user-plane functions. Some network functions, such as mobility manage- ment, can be common to several slices. There will also be common control functions that coordinate RAN resource usage among the slices. Radio slices in the RAN may share radio resources (time, frequency, code, power, and space) and the corresponding communication hardware such as digital baseband processin