rtphones and wireless PDA / phones (converged PDA Phones, or CPP) are displacing stationary PCs for others. Since the 1999 appearance of the PalmVII with mobile Internet access, the internet-connected CPP market has exploded to include Nokia, Motorola, Palm, Samsung, Research In Motion (RIM, a.k.a. the Blackberry) and too many more to list. Many manufacturers offer unique and innovative concept phones with a variety of form factors; some slide, some swivel, others flip some flip and swivel! Since manufacturers initially launched camera integration into phones for still photos, early phone cameras pointed away from the user. This poses a problem for videoconferencing, in which the user may want to transmit his likeness while viewing the likenesses of others on the conference. Today there are phones with single or dual cameras, cameras on thumbwheels, video cameras and phones that are mostly high- end cameras with phone functionality added. Additional handheld device variety comes from the various innovative options for data input. Common offerings include full QWERTY keyboards (ironically, the enduring QWERTY keyboard was designed to not jam the hammers of a typewriter) and thumb-boards for a growing number of phones. The variety of these form factors is due to the unique ways in which different people work, play, and process information. It is also a testament to the fact that there is no single best form factor. This innovation and variety will continue and even accelerate with the introduction of stronger and more energy efficient processors, better memory capacity and enhanced audio and video capabilities. Overall, screens will get larger and clearer, and camera resolution will increases to five Megapixels or better on camera-enabled smartphones. Audio capabilities will continue to improve and take advantage of PAN connections to broadcast to wireless stereo headsets and nearby wireless speakers. The Future of Video Communications Storage capacity will explode with the inclusion of mini-hard disk drives (HDDs)