domain company.com can be further subdivided in to sub-domains such as eng.company.com and mkt.company.com. The subdivision will distribute the site in to smaller sections to avoid network congestion and to simplify network management. The term sub-networks, or subnets, refers to these subdivisions or smaller network segments. Through a global network of routers and DNS servers, computers anywhere in the world can communicate with any other host, as long as they have that host's Internet address and they have been granted privileges to do SO. After DNS does its job at an Internet-wide level, a smaller version of DNS is applied to convert a human-friendly Internet address to a computer-friendly IP address. Lower in the stack, the network interface layer converts an IP address into a machine address (e.g., a 48-bit Ethernet Internetworking, specifically TCP/IP internetworking, was designed for the exchange of data and documents. It was never intended to meet the rigors of time-sensitive media streams. This becomes glaringly apparent when people try to conduct videoconferences over the Internet. Some desktop conferencing products have tried Standards for Conferencing over IP Networks to deliver synchronized audio/video over the Net. However, most reviewers share the same opinion: these products deliver two results. First, they tend to wreak havoc on the performance of other applications. Second, they produce only minimally acceptable frame rates, with unstable, garbled, and poorly synchronized sound and pictures. The biggest obstacle to deploying Real-Time multimedia over the Internet is the lack of an appropriate infrastructure and interoperability between different schemes. TCP/IP protocols do what they are supposed to do: transmit data across a network reliably, and in a proper sequence. In theory, when network traffic is light, TCP/IP is capable of reliably transporting Real-Time, synchronized multimedia. However, in the real world, most networks suffer from periodic congestion. Faced with contention, TCP/IP is 