ialization phase where oper- ators and service providers' roadmaps need to be linked with the overall process. In particular, operators have to integrate their roadmaps with device and radio manufacturers' timelines which in turn have to tune theirs with chipset manufacturers. At the same time the various functions of technology management also need to be aligned with the overall roadmap process which is not usually practiced in many mobile telecom companies. Thus, any delay from any party including technology management will not only require adjustments from other players, but will also create a negative perception about a technology. 12.10 Technology Commercialization Technology Commercialization is the one of the last key aspects of technology management that it is discussed in this chapter. Commercialization involves delivering products and solutions from develop- ment to the market to make profit. Technology Commercialization also means including the aspects of Technology Management IPR, licensing and involvement of Venture Capital firms. From a mobile communications perspective, it involves a successful generation of ideas which brings new business-justified technologies and products that later are successfully implemented along with applications in the network and finally available to the customers. 12.10.1 Process At a high level, the mobile communications technology commercialization process consists of four stages [30,31]: Idea generation and innovation Idea standardization Technology and product development and market assessment Implementation and launch. 12.10.1.1 Idea Generation and Innovation The first step in the process of technology commercialization is idea conception. The main sources of innovation are universities, vendors, research labs, and service providers. It is primarily driven by customer demands that go back to the fact that any invention stems from wanting to improve peoples' lives. The idea or the intellectual property also needs an appropriate form of protection. Most often this inv