chitecture options. The 5G NR specifications were introduced in 3GPP Release 15. However, satisfying the full set of IMT-2020 requirements is addressed only with the completion of Release 16, and further 5G system enhancements are to be included as part of Release 17. They include items such as NR MIMO, en- hancements to positioning, RAN/network slicing, and support for drones and satellites. Refer to https://www.3gpp.org/release-17 for the latest details of the work items that make up Release 17. As with 2G, 3G, and 4G LTE in the past, 5G will continue to evolve in the future to address the in- dustry and customer demands, and 3GPP will lead that effort. 4.3 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) was founded in 1884 by a small group of individuals in the electrical profession to support colleagues in their bourgeoning field and to aid them in their efforts to apply innovation for the betterment of humanity. Today the IEEE is the world's largest professional technical organization and now consists of many societies (39) that each focus on specialized technology areas. Out of these societies, the IEEE Computer Society is the world's leading organization of computing and information technology professionals. The IEEE Standards Association (IEEE SA) is led by the Standards Association Standards Board (SASB), which is responsible for coordinating and encouraging the development of standards. This includes approving the launch of projects and ensuring that they maintain consensus, due process, openness, and balance. The SASB is also responsible for giving the final approval for standards. Besides telecommunications, the IEEE SA contributes to a wide range of additional fields such as consumer technology, transport, electronics, information technology, healthcare and medical, robot- ics, and many more. The standards development process includes a formal balloting process on the draft before appraisal by a review committee of the SASB and final appr