Incumbent Detection Contents 10.2.2.3 Channel Selection and Transaction 10.2.3 ML-Based LTE-U/LTE-LAA 10.2.3.1 ML-Based LBT Methods 10.2.3.2 ML-Based Duty Cycle Methods 10.2.3.3 Game-Theory-Based Methods 10.2.3.4 Distributed-Algorithm-Based Methods 10.2.4 Ambient Backscatter Networks 10.2.4.1 Information Extraction 10.2.4.2 Operating Mode Selection and User Coordination 10.2.4.3 AmBC-CR Methods Summary 134 Secure Spectrum Sharing with Machine Learning: Methodologies Security Concerns in SS 11.1.1 Primary User Emulation Attack 135 11.1.2 Spectrum Sensing Data Falsification Attack 11.1.3 Jamming Attacks 136 11.1.4 Intercept/Eavesdrop 11.1.5 Privacy Issues in Database-Assisted SS Systems ML-Assisted Secure SS 11.2.1 State-of-the-Art Methods of Defense Against PUE Attack 11.2.1.1 ML-Based Detection Methods 11.2.1.2 Robust Detection Methods 11.2.1.3 ML-Based Attack Methods 11.2.2 State-of-the-Art Methods of Defense Against SSDF Attack 11.2.2.1 Outlier Detection Methods 11.2.2.2 Reputation-Based Detection Methods 11.2.2.3 SSDF and PUE Combination Attacks 11.2.3 State-of-the-Art Methods of Defense Against Jamming Attacks 11.2.3.1 ML-Based Anti-Jamming Methods 11.2.3.2 Attacker Enhanced Anti-Jamming Methods 11.2.3.3 AmBC Empowered Anti-Jamming Methods 11.2.4 State-of-the-Art Methods of Defense Against Intercept/Eavesdrop 11.2.4.1 RL-Based Anti-Eavesdropping Methods 11.2.5 State-of-the-Art ML-Based Privacy Protection Methods 11.2.5.1 Privacy Protection for PUs in SS Networks 11.2.5.2 Privacy Protection for SUs in SS Networks 11.2.5.3 Privacy Protection for ML Algorithms Summary 153 Open Issues and Future Directions for 5G and Beyond Wireless Networks 155 Joint Communication and Sensing Space-Air-Ground Communication Contents Semantic Communication Data-Driven Communication System Design Appendix A Proof of Theorem 5.1 Bibliography 161 Index About the Authors Haijian Sun, PhD, is an Assistant Professor in the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA. Rose Qingyang Hu, PhD,