quence modulation Multiple resource blocks DM-RS Active uplink DM-RS PUCCH format 3 UCI bits Channel coding Scrambling sequence modulation Length N block spreading per OFDM symbol DM-RS Active uplink DM-RS resource block PUCCH format 4 Figure 4.81 Short-PUCCH time-frequency structure 6,14]. 616 Chapter 4 of the PUCCH transmission, since at least one resource signal per hop is required. There is also a possibility to configure additional reference signal locations for longer PUCCH dura- tions to ensure two reference signal instances per hop. The UCI mapping is such that higher priority is given to HARQ-ACK, SR, and CSI part 1, which are jointly encoded and mapped around the DM-RS locations, and lower priority to the remaining bits which are mapped to the remaining positions [14]. More specifically, the encoded payload bits b(0) b(NE are scrambled prior to modu- lation, resulting in a block of scrambled bits b(0) b(i) = =b(i)+c(i))mod 2 where the scrambling sequence c(i) is a pseudo-random sequence that is initialized with Cinit = NRNTI215 + NID where parameter NID E {0,1,..., 1023} is deter- mined via RRC signaling; otherwise, it is set to the default value NID = Ncell The block of scrambled bits b(0),...,B(NE 1) is QPSK or 2-BPSK modulated, resulting in a block of complex-valued modulation symbols d(0), where for QPSK and = for 2-BPSK. For PUCCH formats 3 and 4, MPUCCH,s 12MRUCCH,S, in which MRUCCH,S denotes the bandwidth of the PUCCH in terms of the number of resource blocks. The parame- ter MPUCCH,S =2a23035a5 for PUCCH format 3 and MRUCCH,S = 1 for PUCCH format 4, wherein A3, a5 is a set of non-negative integers, and SE {3,4} identifies the format. For PUCCH format 3, no block-wise spreading is applied and y(IMPUCCH,3 +k) = where applied that(M where =0,1, Furthermore, PUCCH,4 E {2,4} and the spreading codes Wm(k) are given in [6,8]. The block of complex-valued symbols y(0), 1) is DFT transformed (precoded) as follows [6]: ..,MPUCCH,S resulting in a block of complex-valued symbols - 1), which are scaled with a