rs for the Foreman sequence streamed over a measured Internet delay Foreman sequence streamed over a simulated channel with iid trace. End-to-end latency d = 150 ms. The RaDiO scheduler that shifted-T-distributed packet delays and 20% Bernoulli loss. End- models delays as iid is suboptimal at high rates where it is out- to-end latency d = 100 A PSNR improvement of up to 3.15 dB performed by a heuristic-prioritized ARQ scheduler. The scheduler is observed for the optimizing scheduler that considers multiple that models delays as a first-order Markov random process yields deadlines compared to the one that considers a single deadline. PSNR improvement of up to 1.1 dB over the iid scheduler. CHAPTER 3.5 Network adaptive media transport past. Using this feedback and a family of conditional by transmitting back-to-back packets [13]. The overall delay distributions, the scheme can more accurately delay experienced by packets is captured by a gamma pdf calculate the expected distortion D() and the expected that is dynamically shifted by an extra delay that models transmission rate R() resulting from a transmission the self-inflicted backlog at the bottleneck. Since the policy TT. bottleneck is not shared and its capacity is known, the Figure 3.5-8 shows that the RaDiO scheme using the backlog can be accurately estimated. This channel model Markov channel model outperforms the RaDiO scheduler is used to calculate the expected distortion D due to that uses iid delay modeling by up to 1.1 dB and is not packet loss and the expected end-to-end delay A. outperformed by the heuristic scheduler at low rates. We The performance of the CoDiO scheme is illustrated note that the mean PSNR for all experiments is limited using ns-2 simulation experiments [1,16]. The first hop is because the delays in the 14-hop cable modem trace are a high-bandwidth 45-Mbps link with 22-Mbps expo- often greater than the 150-ms preroll. Because the client nential cross-traffic. The second hop is a 50-kbps link uses the ARD scheme discussed in Section 