ent on mobile phones resulted in fewer injuries and listening to music had the least impact on walkers. To combat distracted walking, Honolulu imposes fines of up to $99 on pedestrians that text while crossing intersections. In Boston and New York legislators are studying the issue. THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) Wireless networks have progressed from enabling people to speak together without being tethered to wires, to transmitting data at broadband rates, and now to machines autonomously communicating with each other via the Internet of Things. According to Verizon in their January 1, 2017, Data Breach Digest, IoT, "the Internet of Things" [is] a term that describes a network of physical objects connected to the Internet. These may be discrete items like building automation solutions. Embedded in each device are electronics capable of network conductivity along with sensors or other features. Most IOT devices have embedded batteries on chips that operate over LTE-NB (narrowband) standard. Early implementations of IoT used LTE-M1 or M2, which required a gateway to translate between the network and the devices. The fact that LTE-NB does not require a www.TechnicalPDF.com gateway makes it less costly to manage and implement because there is one less piece of equipment to install and monitor. Embedded software in IoT devices can be updated and monitored by centralized servers. Remotely monitored devices include automobiles, drones, parking meters, gas and electric meters, municipal traffic signals, water towers, and soil conditions and farms. A list of IOT applications are included in Table 7-3. Table 7-3 Examples of IoT Applications loT Applications Purpose Comments Decrease Improved batteries and Graphical congestion on Processing chips (GPUs) on which city roads and developers apply machine learning SO air pollution that GPUs "recognize" road conditions, obstructions, and traffic signals. Nvidia computer chips have these capabilities. Decrease air Graphical processing chips as described pollution; if above. batter