 FIGURE 6.5 The height of the transmitter and the receiver are below the effective height of the knife edge obstacle. 5G Wireless Communication System in Healthcare Informatics The dimensionless Fresnel-Kirchhoff knife edge diffraction parameter V is given as (6.26) (6.27) (6.28) Case 2: The relative height hix of the transmitter Tx and height hrx of the receiver Rx R x are equal and LOS exists between the Tx and the Rx. Therefore, the effective height hoeff of the obstacle is zero as shown in Figure 6.6. Dimensionless Fresnel-Kirchhoff knife edge diffraction parameter V is given as (6.29) All the parameters are defined in Case 1. Case 3: The height hix of the transmitter T and the height hrx of the receiver Rx are above the effective height hoeff of an obstacle and the LOS exists between the T and the Rx as shown in Figure 6.7. Dimensionless Fresnel-Kirchhoff knife edge diffraction parameter V is given as (6.30) 0-face (0-face = n-face) in-face FIGURE 6.6 The height of the transmitter and height of the receiver are adjusted such that the relative effective height of the knife edge obstacle is zero. UTD-PO and FKE Models for Path Loss Prediction 0-face (0-face = in-face) n-face FIGURE 6.7 The height of the transmitter and height of the receiver are above the effective height of the knife edge of the obstacle. All the parameters are defined in Case 1. Consideration of the three cases The above cases of the FKE approach considered all the possibilities for com- puting Fresnel-Kirchhoff knife edge diffraction parameter 'V' over an irregular terrain scenario from NLOS to LOS. This value of v-parameter is used to predict normalized electric field strength E d with respect to free space electric field E o' namely, when no obstacle is present between the transmitting and the receiving point as given in Equation (6.31). (6.31) where F(v) is the complex Fresnel integral function of the Fresnel-Kirchhoff diffraction parameter V. Now, the diffraction loss due to propagation over knife edge obstacles is given as L(dB)=-20.lo