 SDN Traditionally, a network device can be divided into three different planes as shown in Figure 1. Downloaded 4/15/2022 9:44:49 AM Nova Southeastern University IP Address: 137.52.76.29 SDN Controller Figure 1. Three planes of SDN APPLICATION LAYER BUSINESS APPLICATIONS CONTROL LAYER NETWORK SERVICES CONTROL DATAPLANE INTERFACE INFRASTRUCTURE LAYER NETWORK NETWORK NETWORK DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE NETWORK NETWORK NETWORK NETWORK DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE DEVICE The diagram explains the three layers of SDN such as application layer, Control layer and infrastructure layer The Control Plane is one and only in charge for building the decisions as to how a exact packet is handle. This is often done on traditional devices with static routes or through dynamic routing protocols. The control plane is generally distributed and is in charge mostly for the configuration of the forwarding plane by means of a Control- Plane Southbound Interface (CPSI) with DAL as a position of reference. CP is in charge for instructing FP regarding how to handle network packets. Communication between control-plane entities, colloquially referred to as the "east-west" border, is typically implemented during gateway protocols such as BGP [RFC4271] or other protocols such as the Path Computation Element (PCE) Communication Protocol (PCEP) [RFC5440]. These equivalent protocol messages are usually exchanged in- band and subsequently redirected by the forwarding plane to the control plane for additional processing. Control-plane functionalities typically include: Topology detection and preservation Packet way selection and instantiation Path failover mechanisms Downloaded 4/15/2022 9:44:49 AM Nova Southeastern University IP Address: 137.52.76.29 SDN Controller The CPSI is usually defined with the following characteristics: Time-critical border that require low latency and sometime high bandwidth in order to execute many operations in short order Oriented towards wire competence and device representation instead of human readability The Management Plane or 