noperable if the power supply fails. Installation of redundant blades in the switch. Each blade (also referred to as a card or circuit board) supports a megabit or gigabit capacity Ethernet port. 40/100Gbps Ethernet Switch Standards The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) approves Gigabit Ethernet standards such as a 40/100Gbps and higher capacities. Most organizations currently use the 40Gbps switches. However, for organizations whose networks support web sites with extremely high traffic, this is actually too slow. To support ultra-high levels of web site traffic, they deploy 100Gbps Ethernet switches. Facebook's needs for bandwidth are SO large that they have developed source switches that support 400Gbps. They've made the design available to other organizations. They've additionally stated their intention to develop a switch with thirty-two 400 Gbps ports. When IT staff discuss the capacity of their LAN networks, they refer to them by the capacity of their switches. So organizations with 40 Gbps switches state their LAN as a 40Gbps or 40 Gig network. Here is one IT staff member's comment: "We used to have a 10 Gigabit network. But, because of the increase in our LAN traffic, we upgraded to 100 Gigabits." User Errors-A Major Challenge www.TechnicalPDF.com In a company located in China, an employee mentioned to the IT Director that the LAN was running unusually slow. The IT Director checked the network monitor, but could not see an equipment failure. He did find an unusual amount of traffic at one switch. Initially, he was concerned that the cause was a computer virus. He started unplugging devices from the network in case the virus had spread. When he unplugged a cable from one switch, the LAN traffic speeded up. When he traced where the cable from that switch was plugged, he found that the other end of the cable was plugged into the same switch rather than a different one. This solved the problem because a loop storm had been created where data traveled in a circle between the two ports o