 231 carrier, 130 register (GR), 230 defined, 82 SGSN, 229, 230 development, 131 system architecture, 229 extra high (EHF), 140 GPRS with EDGE (EGPRS), 228 range of, 81-82 Grade of service (GoS), 65-66 sideband, 130 Graphics Interchange Format (GIF), 336 wavelength and, 139-40 GSM, 6, 203, 212-28 Frequency-division multiple access Abis-interface, 216 (FDMA), 158, 217 A-interface, 216 Frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) AuC, 215, 226-27 defined, 158 authentication, 226-27 illustrated, 159 defined, 203, 212 Frequency domain, 127 EC, 216 Frequency hopping spread-spectrum EIR, 215 (FHSS), 212 encryption, 227 Frequency modulation (FM), 133-35 enhanced data services, 227-28 defined, 133-34 handover, 223-25 digital, 135 IMEI check, 227 illustrated, 134 initial requirement, 16 instantaneous frequency, 134 interfaces, 216-17 signal spectrum characteristics, 134-35 IWF, 215 Frequency shift keying (FSK), 135 LAs, 219 Full-duplex operation, 80, 81 location update, 219-21 logical channels, 218-19 Gateway GPRS support node (GGSN), ME, 212 229, 230-31 mobile call, 221-22 Gaussian amplitude distribution, 156 mobile subscriber identity, 227 General packet radio service. See GPRS MSC, 213-14 Generic flow control (GFC), 344 multiple-access scheme, 217 Gigabit Ethernet, 298-99 OMC, 216 CSMA/CD method, 298, 299 operation, 219-28 defined, 298 physical channels, 217-18 in full-duplex mode, 299 radio network, 213 See also Ethernet security functions, 225-27 G.Lite, 275 SIM, 212 Global organizations, 13-14 SMSC, 216 Global Positioning System (GPS), 200 speech coding, 112-13 Global System for Mobile Communication. structure, 212-18 See GSM structure illustration, 213 GPRS, 49, 61, 228-33 transcoder and rate adapter unit, BG, 231-32 215-16 GGSN, 229, 230-31 MS, 232 Half-duplex operation, 80, 81 network interfaces, 232 Handover, 196 network structure, 229-30 cases, 223 operation, 232-33 GSM, 223-25 procedure, 224-25 Index between two MSCs, 224 defined, 53 Header error control (HEC), 345-46 distributed intelligence, 53-54 High-bit-rate DSL