ectrum auctions: costs of, 104-05; Europe, TELRIC prices (total-element long-run 4; FCC responsibilities, 27, 96, 98-99; incremental cost), 34-35 3G, 29 Terminating calls, deregulation provisions, Sprint: Bell companies compared, 76; 12, 15 broadband services, 114; business Texas, 51, 52 development, 27, 79, 96; Canada, Third generation (3G) wireless services, 4, 134-35; rate plans, 84, 98; revenues, 91, 27, 98 92; stock market values, 89, 106-07; 360Networks, 127, 136 subscriber statistics, 99 Thrunet, 145 StarBand, 114 T-Mobile, 96 State-based regulation, 2, 11, 27, 40, 67, Total-element long-run incremental cost 78-79 (TELRIC), 34-35 Stock market values: Bell company Trucking deregulation, 2-3 incumbents, 60, 63-65, 73, 76; Canada, 2-G technology, 98 135-36; European Union, 140-43, 153; international comparisons, 152-54; local Unbundled network elements (UNEs). See entrants, 41-42, 46-47; local incumbents, Network unbundling 32, 73; long-distance carriers, 88-90; United Kingdom, 133, 138, 143, 148, 151 telecom equities generally, 3-4, 18-19, Universal service policy, 2, 166-69 41-42, 161-64; wireless sector, 88-89, 106-07 Varian, Hal, 117 Subscriber line charges, 25, 54, 79 Verizon: access line values, 41; business Subscriber statistics: broadband services, development, 27, 96; fiber-optic facilities, 115-17; cable-based services, 37, 47, 115, 130-31; high-speed services, 29; New 136, 158; European Union, 137-38, 139, York long-distance services, 51; rate plans, 141; Internet, 110; Japan, 143, 144; local 84, 98 entrants, 40; substitution estimates, Verizon Wireless, 27, 115 100-03; wireless services, 14, 27, 99, 158 Vertical integration, advantages, 122-26, Supreme Court, U.S., 10, 60 169-71 Sweden, 138, 148 Vodafone, 27, 96 Voice over Internet protocol (VoIP), 29, Tax policy, 166-69 66-67, 144, 157 Tele2, 140-41, 143 Voice Stream, 96 Telecom equities. See Stock market values Telecom Italia, 152, 153, 171 WiFi, 115 Telecommunications Act (1996): cable Willig, Robert, 69 television, 15-16; local services provis