mplete and updated. Two dimensions are used: 1. What happens within the IP area. What happens within the various main network building blocks, according to the segmentation used in this book. Chapter 3 The main developments respond to FP requirements at the network level: IPv6 for an extended/new numbering plan and some other improvements, such as security. Mobile IP for numbering in IP networks. New standards for VoIP framing to reduce overhead. MPLS - A standardized technology that provides connection-oriented switching based on IP routing protocols and labelling of data packets. Diffserv, RSVP for IP QoS. Sigtran - A protocol architecture for SS7 signalling transfer using IP as a transport technology (BICC/ISUP, MAP, etc. over IP). Level 3: IP routers and combinations with other technologies - Below is a series of protocol stacks from real routers, most of them not dealt with in the book: Routing protocol: OSPF, RIP/RIPv2, EIGRP, ISIS, BGP(4), DVMRP, PIM-D, PIM- S, MBGP, MPLS, IGMP, IPX, PPTP, IP policy routing, NAT, Appletalk, SW and HW routing. Management protocols: SNMP, RMON, HTTP, Telnet, CLI, TACACS+, Radius, TFTP, RCP, LDAP client for policy-based management, built-in DHCP server, dynamic DNS, embedded browser interface. Networks and Technologies Connection: OSI 1-2: (roughly transfer mode): 10/100/1000 Ethernet, ATM, frame relay, X.25, ISDN, POSIP, DPT, FDDI, channelized E1, SMDS, STM-1, STM-4, PPP, HDLC, token ring, RS232, X.21, V35. Chapters 5 and 9 AMR for adaptable voice coding. MPEG for coding of moving pictures. Each MPEG encoder must compress, and each decoder must decompress both audio and video. JPEG 2000 for coding of still pictures. WAP for adaptation of mobile terminal units to the Internet. API for fast creation of new applications An API is a set of routines, protocols and tools for building software applications. A good API makes it easier to develop a program by providing all the building blocks. A programmer puts the blocks together. Positioning, GPS global positioning system. Messagin