pplications. Video communication sequence and timing does not allow for a lost frame of video or packet of audio, to be re-sent and re-inserted in the data stream. Today, UDP provides the foundation for the other IETF protocols that are being developed to support video communication over the Internet. These include the RTP, the RTCP, and RSVP. UDP is also being used for IP multicasting. Applications developed in accordance with the IETF protocols rely on codecs to detect and recover from packet loss, in conjunction with RTP. Wireless Technology Evolution The technologies that make wireless and mobile communications possible are varied; most are standardized, but many of these "standards" are competitive and/or conflicting. Many standards are regional or national and greatly impacted by socio- political-economical drivers. In fact, there are SO MANY competing wireless communications standards that entire volumes are dedicated their definition, with countless more volumes describing and detailing the uniqueness of each. One could not due them just ice in a single volume (or a hundred volumes, for that matter) SO we will focus only on those that are most pervasive. To keep everything in perspective, will first offer an abbreviated history of the development of wireless communications. In the beginning. we had 2-way radios, HAM, Citizen's band, all of them analog half- duplex solutions. This was the spawning ground for the First Generation-or "1G"-cellular communications period that began in the late 1970s and lasted through the 1980s. 1G systems were the first true mobile phone systems, known at first as "cellular mobile radio telephones" or more commonly as "bag phones" because the apparatus, connections, battery, and transceiver unit were collectively SO large they required a suitcase-sized bag to hold them all. 1G cellular networks used the analog Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) in the 800MHz frequency range and were little more sophisticated than repeater networks used by amateur radio Mobile Videoconferenci