er-plane latency of the IEEE 802. 16m has been analytically calculated, and the results are shown in Table 12-13. Therefore, the IEEE 802. 16m meets the ITU-R requirement for user-plane latency. The control- plane latency is typically measured as the transition time from idle state to active state. The IMT- Advanced systems are required to exhibit a transition time (excluding downlink paging delay and wireline network signaling delay) of less than 100 ms from an idle state to an active state in such a way that the user-plane can be established upon transition. Table 12-14 contains the assumptions and results for control-plane latency analysis for IEEE 802.16m. As a result, the IEEE 802.16m meets the ITU-R requirement for control-plane latency. 3 Subframe TTI + Frame 3 Subframe Processing Alignment Processing 0.92 ms 1.85ms 1.85 ms HARQ Round Trip Time 3 Subframe 3 Subframe Processing TTI + Frame Processing Alignment 1.85 ms 0.92 ms 1.85 ms FIGURE 12-9 User-plane latency calculation model [2] 12.9 IEEE 802. 16m link-level and system-level performance TABLE 12-13 User-Plane Latencies for 10% and 30% Probability of HARQ Re-transmissions [2] User-Plane Latency User-Plane Latency (10% HARQ Re-transmission (30% HARQ Re-transmission Procedure Probability) Probability) MS Wakeup Time Implementation dependent Implementation dependent MS Processing Delay 3 X 0.617 = 1.85 ms 3 X 0.617 = 1.85 ms Queuing/Frame Alignment FDD: 0.31 FDD: 0.31 TDD: 2.5 ms TDD: 2.5 ms TTI For Uplink Data Packet (Piggy 0.617 ms 0.617 ms Back Scheduling Information) HARQ Retransmission 0.1 X 5 ms 0.3 X 5 ms BS Processing Delay 3 X 0.617 = 1.85 ms 3 X 0.617 = 1.85 ms Total One-Way Access Delay FDD: 5.13 ms FDD: 6.13 ms TDD: 7.32 ms TDD: 8.32 ms The handover interruption time is defined as the time duration during which a user terminal cannot exchange data packets with any base station. The handover interruption time includes the time required to execute any radio access network procedure, radio resource control signaling protocol, or other message ex