eds: technologies Needs: Efficiency and systems Profitable Cost savings solutions Competitive advantage Enabling Private life needs: technologies Convenience and Technology Technology Competitive and system security requirements advantage Entertainment suppliers Time saving Service and terminal Application developers GDP = Gross Domestic offerings terminal suppliers 'society integration' Product Figure 1.12 The overall dynamics make the situation even more complex Introduction This dynamics is a particular problem when writing a broad-based book. The vast underlying range of standards and technological developments cannot be updated, unless there are new editions. Therefore, the approach is aimed at avoiding details, identify- ing trends and being as context oriented as possible, with business aspects as (often invisible) drivers. 1.2.2 ENABLERS FOR CHANGE The paradigm shift needs a lot of new standards, sometimes called enablers in this book. Once you know the enabler name a lot of information can be found elsewhere, for example on the Internet. Chapter 3 contains a (non-complete) list of important enablers in Sections 3.14 and 3.15. Readers who want to go deeper than what is provided in this book can of course use the huge Internet treasure of information. Other Pedagogical Products A web-based training flow 'IP Internetworking' and publications such as the two previous books (Understanding Telecommunications, parts 1 and 2) contain significant basic mate- rial. The 'IP Internetworking' flow can be considered quite data/IP-centric, complementing the more telecentric approach of this book. The flow is accessible at www.ericsson.com/ services/globalservices/training.shtml. 1.3 SUCCESS FACTORS FOR THE GROWTH OF MOBILE SERVICES At the end of the 1990s there was no need for a heading like this because of the opti- mistic telecom atmosphere. The first years of this millennium have been gloomy, and many have been looking for ways to get back on track again. There are no officially recognized success factors, but many 