rlapping radios from de- grading each other's signal. Chapter 10 has a lot of information on these techniques. For some additional reading, MEF 22.3 also gives a good overview about radio coordination; see sections 5.2.1 and Appendix D, both named "Radio Coordination." A macro cell is what you might see when driving along a major road, and it would feature some or all the following characteristics: A large tower or radio antenna with good sky view (for GNSS antennas). Deployed widely in rural areas, but less SO in dense urban areas. Macro cells tend to have high output, long range, and be spaced relatively widely apart. They are designed more to provide mobility and coverage rather than high-bandwidth broadband, SO they tend to transmit in the lower bands. Are older installations originally built for previous generations of mobile. Connect to the back-haul network via specialized transport technology, such as microwave. The remote location means that fiber connections might not be available and accurate timing may not be available without remediation and upgrades to the deployed equipment. Feature expensive radios with good oscillators (even rubidium) for holdover. Cell site equipment is generally secure and inaccessible to the public. Most times the equipment to run the site is locked in a shelter with an enclosed fence and monitored by cameras. May already feature GPS receivers. In some parts of the world (such as in North America), the macro cell might already have GPS receivers built in, for example, to support previous radio standards such as code-division multiple access (CDMA). Substantial footprint of equipment. There will be infrastructure at the site to support power, space, environmental controls, and SO on (although this can be constrained in more remote loca- tions, for example, where mains power is not available). Meanwhile, the small cell has the following characteristics (engineers might consider microcells, picocells, or even femtocells as small cells): Relatively low-cost devices deployed in urb