applications for higher QoE when accessing via mobile handsets (to better adapt to smaller screen sizes). Traffic management techniques on the side of telecom operators may provide better QoE even for Internet-based TV streaming. Video traffic, including OTT video stream- ing and IPTV over managed IP networks, contributes to two thirds of the overall Inter- net traffic globally. Further, the IoT builds a huge ecosystem around itself, which is composed of different business players that include device providers, network providers, software platform providers, and IoT application providers. For QoS support of IoT services the main role in the IoT ecosystem belongs to the network providers (e.g. telecom operators), which have network functions to provide end-to-end QoS required for critical IoT services. Generally, single players in the IoT ecosystem may play one or more provider roles, such as telecom operator (e.g. can provide IoT devices, network, service platforms, and IoT services). Different business models for the IoT are shown in Table 6.11, including critical and massive IoT service types, depending on the ownership of different providers in the IoT ecosystem. 6.9.2 Regulatory Challenges for Broadband Services Broadband services impose certain regulatory challenges. One should distinguish between services provided via managed IP networks, which use broadband access, and OTT services provided over the same broadband access (fixed and mobile) for the public Internet network. So, on one side regulation of traditional services telephony and television has been well established since the end of the twentieth century and beginning of the twenty-first century. The regulation of telephony does not change with its transition from digital telephone networks (PSTN/ISDN) to NGN. IPTV regulation is a similar case, which is not different than existing regulation of TV content and its distribution. However, OTT services are provided over the best-effort Internet access service. Their regulation is simplified through the m