es the proba- bility that a random variable X takes on a value less than or equal to a number X. The distribution function is sometimes also denoted as Fx(x). The distribution function is therefore related to a continuous probability density function p(x) by D(x) = P(X <x) = Stoop(T)dT. As a result, p(x) (when it exists) is simply the deriv- ative of the distribution function p(x) = aD(x)/Ox. Similarly, the distribution function is related to a discrete probability p(x) by D(x) = P(X = Exsxp(x). There exist distributions that are neither continuous nor discrete. lii Introduction and Background last packet of the burst is correctly decoded. In the case of full buffer traffic model Ti = T. Therefore, the rate normalized by time and bandwidth of user i in drop n is given as By running the system-level simulations Ndrops times, Ndrops N values of p(n) are obtained of which the lowest 5% point of the CDF is used to estimate the fifth percentile user spectral efficiency. The fifth percentile user spectral efficiency is evaluated by system-level simula- tions using the evaluation configuration parameters of Indoor Hotspot-eMBB, Dense Urban- eMBB, and Rural-eMBB test environments. It should be noted that the fifth percentile user spectral efficiency is evaluated by system-level simulations only using a single-layer layout configuration even if the test environment comprises multi-layer layout configuration. Furthermore, the fifth percentile user spectral efficiency is evaluated using identical simula- tion assumptions as the average spectral efficiency for that test environment taking into account the layers 1 and 2 overhead. Note that for time division duplex (TDD) systems, the effective bandwidth is used which is the operating bandwidth normalized by the uplink/ downlink ratio. User Experienced Data Rate: This is the 5% point of the CDF of the user throughput. The user throughput during active state is defined as the number of correctly received bits, that is, the number of bits contained in the service data units (SDU