protocols, 236-8 Multi-carrier/multi-channel radio, 70 video payload format, 238-9 Multi-carrier receiver, 73-4, 75 Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, 94, 414 Multi-carrier transmission, 279-80 and CSMA/CA, 387-9 Multi-cell broadcast/multicast transmission, 292-3 in WCDMA, 308 Multichannel multipoint distribution service (MMDS), 6 Medium earth orbit (MEO) satellite systems, 7 Multicore systems, 99 Memory management unit (MMU), 96 Multilayer switches, 185 Messaging, 8 Multi-loop antennas, 26-8 Metropolitan area networks (MANs), 6, 157, 159-60, 384 Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services (MBMS), 305 Microstrip line, 45 Multimedia messaging service (MMS), 8 characteristic impedance, 46-8 Multimode (MM) fiber, 445, 446, 447, 449 Microwaves, 142 Multimode radio, 70 MIDS (Multifunction Information Distribution System), 118 Multipath fading, 4 MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output), 92, 275, 305, 355 Multiple deadlines, 226-7 Minimum distance decoding, 202 Multiplexer, 160, 165 MIPS (millions of instructions per second), 171 Multi-point antenna distribution systems, 30-2 Mismatched loss, 57 Multi-rate radio, 70 ML technique, 342 MUSIC algorithm, 342 Mobile communication, high data rates in, see High data rates, in mobile communication Mobile Internet services VS. Internet services, 268 Narrowband fading prediction, 368-9 Mobile IP, 10, 268 Narrowband short-term fading, 354-6 Mobile radio channel characterisation: National Science Foundation (NSF), 128-9 Index National Telecommunications and Information Administration Omni-Tracs, 7 (NTIA), 129 Ontology Inference Layer (OIL), 125 National Television Systems Committee (NTSC), 505, 518 Open-circuit impedance, 50, 51 Near-field method, 452, 453 Open System Interconnection Reference Model (OSI/RM), Negative acknowledgment (NACK), 219, 227 415, 416 Network-adaptive media transport, 223 Open Systems Interconnect (OSI), 108, 384 congestion-distortion optimized (CoDiO) scheduling, 230-41 Optical fiber: dependent packet delays, 229-30 bragg gratings, 457-9 multiple deadlines, 228-9