tellation. To overcome this issue, a Constellation Rearrange- ment (CoRe) scheme is utilized where the signal constellation of QAM signals between re- transmissions is rearranged, i.e., the mapping of the bits into the complex-valued symbols between successive HARQ re-transmissions is changed, resulting in averaging bit reliabilities over several re- transmissions and lower packet error rates. The mapping of bits to the constellation point depends on the constellation-rearrangement type used for the HARQ re-transmissions and may also depend on the MIMO scheme. Two constellation rearrangement versions have been specified as shown in Table 9-10. The constellation rearrangement exclusively applies to 16 QAM and 64 QAM modulation schemes. Note that the two bits of higher quality in constellation rearrangement version 0 are of lower quality in the constellation rearrangement version 1, while the two bits of lower quality in constellation rear- rangement version 0 are of higher quality constellation rearrangement version 1. 9.12.6 Performance of Channel Coding and HARQ-IR The overall performance of the channel coding and HARQ transmission chains in the downlink and uplink for the new (as shown in Figure 9-45) and the legacy systems have been evaluated and are shown in Figure 9-52 and Figure 9-53. In these link-level simulations, AWGN channel, SISO antenna configuration, data frame size of 912 bits inclusive of the 16-bit CRC, 64 QAM modulation in the downlink and 16 QAM modulation in the uplink, a maximum of four HARQ re-transmissions, three LRUs in the downlink and five LRUs in the uplink, and max-log MAP detection have been assumed. The figures show that the use of new schemes and parameters, as described earlier, significantly improve the overall performance compared to that of the legacy transmission chain. It is further shown that the use of HARQ re-transmissions significantly and progressively decreases the block error rate and consequently improves the performance. It must be noted that a CTC encoder rate of 1/3