 3GPP at least one of the accepted protocols will be recommended. The accepted application protocols (e.g., SNMP, CORBA IIOP) are defined in TS 32.101[34]. The Itf-N interface between the NE OSFs (Operation System Function) and NM/SM (Network Management/Service Management) OSFs could be used by the network- and service management systems to transfer management messages, notifications and service management requests via the NE OSF to the NEs. The Itf-P2P between two NE OSFs (or NE Management) could be used to transfer network management information such as network configuration management information. 8.3.6.3 EPS Management Architecture The E-UTRAN/EPC will use the existing Management Reference Model shown in Figure 8.24 from TS 32.101 [34] that depicts the Operating Systems interfacing with other systems TR 32.816 [37]. The TR 32.816 is a study on Management of E-UTRAN and EPC and the work is under development. There is ongoing work to verify the applicability of 3GPP Management Reference Model to E-UTRAN/EPC. It has also been decided to use a number of existing 3GPP technical specifications (TSs) related to telecom management for E-UTRAN. The EPS Management Reference Model will be a combination of the existing Management Reference Model and the Use Case Specific Management Reference Models. The use cases for example, can be "establishment of new eNodeBs in the network," "coverage and capacity optimization" and SO on. Figure 8.27 shows a 3GPP and EPS architecture showing management interfaces and management areas. The following interfaces are highlighted in Figure 8.27: Itf-T between a terminal and a NE Manager and the requirements of this interface are for further study. Itf-B and Itf-R between UTRAN and a NE Manager. Itf-G1 between GSM NSS (Network Switching Subsytem) and NE Manager. Itf-G2 between GSM BSS (base station subsystem) and NE Manager. Itf-S between E-UTRAN, EPC and Domain Managers (under study). Itf-G3 between GPRS NEs and a NE Manager. Itf-N between E-UTRAN, EPC Domain Managers (DM) and NMS (under 