mance loss in outdoor channels because of lack of scattering. We do not see this in our results. This benefit is obtained from XPD antennas and frequency-dependent link adaptation. In the outdoor scenario, the channel shows more frequency selec- tivity. Therefore, frequency-dependent resource allocation helps us to achieve good throughput performance. This effect is even seen in SISO results in Figures 11.16 and 11.18. Therefore, significant throughput improvement over the SIMO system is also achieved. Figure 11.19 further explains the relationship of transmit mode selection to received transmit power. We clearly see that in low SINR (below -70 dBm), single-stream transmission is preferred. At higher SINR, the MIMO dual stream is selected. C 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Early Real-Time Experiments and Field Trial Measurements Throughput (Mbps) Figure 11.18 CDFs of the measured throughput in the outdoor scenario with single-stream (SISO, SIMO) and dual-stream (MIMO) modes. Received Power (dbm) Received Power (dbm) Figure 11.19 Top: achieved throughputs over average received power at the Rx antennas. Bottom: probability of single- and dual-stream selection versus aver- aged received power at Rx. C 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Long Term Evolution: 3GPP LTE Radio and Cellular Technology 11.2.6 Discussion of Results The measurements in indoor and outdoor scenarios showed the advantages of resource-based link adaptation. The RB-based transmit mode selection along with link adaptation achieved more than 100 Mb/s on 30% of the locations. Full coverage for dual-stream transmission up to 400 m between BS and UE when using multiple antennas was also observed. Our results also exhibited robustness in throughput in going from indoor to outdoor scenarios. 11.3 Real-Time Multiuser Downlink Measurements We now present real-time broadband multiuser measurements in typical indoor and outdoor scenarios employing multiple antennas. This is a pioneering work of implementation of combined frequency-dependent fair and eff