lso used in the JPEG compression method. I-frame coding generates much data and is used when there are major scene changes or as a reference frame to eliminate accumulated errors that result from interframe coding techniques. I-Signal In the NTSC color system, the I signal represents the chrominance on the orange-cyan axis. International Electrotechnical Commission. Also synonymous with IXC-interexchange carrier. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; the organization that evolved from the IRE-the Institute of Radio Engineers. IEEE 802 standards Various IEEE committees that developed LAN physical layer standards and other attributes of LANs and MANs. IEEE 802.9 specifies the isochronous Ethernet communications protocol, which adds 6 Mbps of bandwidth to the same twisted pair copper wire that carriers 10 Mbps Ethernet. This additional bandwidth takes the form of 96 ISDN circuit switched B channels. IEEE P 802.14 is a protocol for "Cable-TV Based Broadband Communications Network," another IEEE 802.X standard that has relevance for video communications Video Communication: the Whole Picture Internet Engineering Task Force. The standards body that adopted the MIME protocol for sending video- enabled e-mail and other compound messages across TCP/IP networks and one of two working bodies of the Internet Activities Board. image An image, for the purposes of this book, refers to a complex set of computer data that represents a picture or other visual data. Images can offer high- resolution (in other words, they can be composed of many pixels-per-square-inch that causes them to have a photographic quality) or low-resolution, (crude animation, sketches and other pictures that contain a minimal number of pixels-per-square-inch. image bit map Digital representation of a graphics display image as a pattern of small units of information that represents one or more pixels. imaging The process of using equipment and applications to capture visual representations and transmit them over telecommunications networks. Ima