249 SIM, 264 Total access communications system, SINAD, 172 Single frequency network, 219 Transmitter: Single sideband, 57, 58 AM, 195 Single sideband transmitter, 196 FM, 199 Skip zone, 41 SSB, 196 Skywaves, 35 Transponder, 232 Slope demodulator, 156 TRF receiver, 121 SMS, 264, 267 Tropical bands, 206 Soft handover, 272 Troposcatter, 46 Sporadic E, 47 Troposphere, 31 Spread spectrum, 71 Tropospheric ducting, 46 Spurious outputs, 193 Trosopheric propagation, 45 Spurious signals, 164 Trunking, 240 Sputnik, 14, 221 Tuned radio frequency receiver, 121 Squelch, 156 Twin feeder, 92 SSB, 57, 58 demodulator, 152 transmitter, 196 Umbrella cell, 255 Standing wave ratio, 88 UMTS, 249, 273-279 Standing waves, 85-88 terrestrial radio access network, Stereo broadcasts, 207-211 Stop-band, 168 Universal mobile Subscriber identity module, 264 telecommunications system, 249 Subsidiary communications UTRAN, 277 authorization, 212 Sudden ionospheric disturbance, 43, Variable frequency oscillator, 147, Sunspot cycle, 33 Sunspots, 32, 33 VCO, 137 Index 297 Velocity factor, 89 Waveform map, 142 Vertical antenna, 107-109 Waveguide, 93 Very low frequency propagation, 44 Wavelength, 21 VFO, 147, 180 WBFM, 59 VHF broadcasting, 207 W-CDMA, 275-279 VHF propagation, 45 Weather satellite, 236 Visitor location register, 266 Wheatstone, 4 VLR, 266 Wide-band FM, 59 Voltage controlled oscillator, 137 Vyvyan, 7 Yagi, 101-104 NEXT GENERATION MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS ECOSYSTEM Next Generation Mobile Communications Ecosystem: Technology Management for Mobile Communications Saad Z. Asif © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 978-0-470-74746-9 NEXT GENERATION MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS ECOSYSTEM TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS SAAD Z. ASIF Telenor Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan WILEY A John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2011 © 2011 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Registered office John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, United Kingdom For details of our global editorial offices, f