e local edge sends data to the global blockchain only when an event occurs. 7.4.2 BLOCKCHAIN AND MEC INTEGRATION RESULTS To assess the solutions proposed, we compare the result from two different works based on execution time and scalability. One work is Hyperledger Fabric based [14], and the other is Ethereum based [15]. Figure 7.4 shows the execution time taken for a task in each framework in milliseconds, and Figure 7.5 shows the number of transactions per second supported by each system. Both results are obtained for a setting with 400 clients. The results show that EdgeBot is faster compared to EdgeMediChain, which can be because Hyperledger Fabric and Ethereum have different latencies. Since Hyperledger Fabric is a permissioned blockchain, less complicated algorithms could authorize transactions than a permissionless blockchain such as Ethereum. On the other side, EdgeMediChain can support many more transactions per second due to having a local edge-mining layer that filters out data that will not create a useful trans- action and makes the authorization of devices easier. Given the permissioned nature of Hyperledger Fabric, it would be challenging to have such a system to authorize an ever-increasing number of devices and users. However, it could still be used to connect edge nodes or cloud servers as they are less likely to change. As shown by the results of EdgeMediChain, more thought should be given to the system architec- ture and how to take advantage of different technologies, making the system faster and more scalable. EdgeBot [34] EdgeMediChain [35] Technology FIGURE 7.4 Execution time in EdgeBot VS EdgeMediChain. Integrated Blockchain and MEC Systems EdgeBot [34] EdgeMediChain [35] Technology FIGURE 7.5 Scalability of EdgeBo VS EdgeMediChain. 7.5 RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES AND THE CHALLENGES OF HEALTHCARE Although 5G and blockchain show a great promise in supporting healthcare applications, we must address open issues in each to reach the full potential of these technologies. This section highlights t