es (particularly large equipment with plenty of real estate) have BNC connectors, one of the handiest cables to have readily available is the BNC male-to-DIN 1.0/2.3 male adapter cable. As DIN is an acronym referring to a German standards development organization, there are many readily available items that are "DIN standard." One of those is a very popular (well, it was 30 years ago) audio con- nector, SO do not make the mistake of getting the wrong one. In fact, they were the default connector for the early generations of mouse cable, SO old desktop personal computers have them on the rear of every machine. So, you need to be specific about which DIN connector you need. See https://www.din.de/en for further in- formation on the DIN organization. RJ-45 UTP BITS Interface The last major connector to consider is the RJ-45 type connector (in fact, it is an RJ-48c, but most people refer to it as RJ-45, as it looks like an Ethernet port). Typically, this is used where a router has a BITS port to provide either a 2-MHz, 2-Mbps E1, or 1.544-Mbps T1 signal. Note that 2 MHz refers to a frequency of 2048 kHz as per G.703, but the terms 2 MHz and 2.048 MHz are used somewhat interchangeably. This interface looks a lot like an Ethernet port and cable, but its specific pinouts (1, 2, 4, and 5) means that most Ethernet cables will probably not match your intended usage (at this point it is bet- ter to avoid the rabbit hole of UTP wiring standards). The short lesson is that you should be pre- pared to change the pinouts on the cable connectors unless you use UTP cables specifically made for E1/T1. Just because the RJ-45 connector on the UTP cable fits the RJ-48c port does not mean the wiring connection is correctly made. Note that the BITS port is frequently used by engineers and mobile service providers (MSP) to quickly check the frequency alignment of a router. A piece of test equipment (that has a frequency reference signal available) is plugged into the BITS port and the frequency of the clock in the net- work element can b