 than 25 million customers on four continents (Bakker, 2005). Future water demand trends The future demand for and consumption of water will be influenced not just by climatic factors but also by policy decisions, the actions of millions of individuals, the type of and access to water infrastructure and services, changes in technology, and affluence and a whole host of other factors. Projections have been made assuming no radical departures from current practices (Alcamo, Henrichs and Rösch, 2000; Rosengrant, Cai and Cline, 2002). By 2025 water withdrawals in developing countries could increase by 27% over the 1995 figures and in developed countries by 11% (Figure 5.1). Total domestic consumption will increase by 71%, of which more than 90% will be in developing countries; industrial water consumption will also grow faster in developing countries. In developed countries water for industrial use should decline, due to the changing nature of industrial activity as well as further moves to reduce unit water usage and increase water productivity. The major drivers will be increasingly stringent environmental regulation and the cost of water. INFRASTRUCTURE TO 2030: TELECOM, LAND TRANSPORT, WATER AND ELECTRICITY - ISBN 92-64-02398-4 © OECD 2006 5. THE IMPACTS OF CHANGE ON THE LONG-TERM FUTURE DEMAND FOR WATER SECTOR INFRASTRUCTURE Figure 5.1. Global water withdrawal predictions Losses (reservoirs) Industry Water for residential areas Agriculture Withdrawals (km3/year) 6 000 5 000 4 000 3 000 2 000 1 000 Development of the water withdrawals Source: Shikomanov, 1999; FAO 200. Figure 5.2. Global water availability Water availability continues to decline (1950-2030) Developed countries Developing countries - humid Developing countries - arid Per capita water availability compared with 1950 Source: Bridging Troubled Waters: Assessing the World Bank Water Ressource Strategy, World Bank, 2002. Domestic consumption will be driven by demographic factors and structural changes related to water intensity increasing with levels o