, 44 opening/closing connections, 6 acknowledgment generation, 55 segment header, 7 authentication, 58 transmission illustration, 39 back-to-back (B2BUA), 45 transport, 40-41 client/server applications, 44 transport layer, 40 defined, 43 Transmission Layer Security (TLS), 1, 5 functions, 44 defined, 7 proxy servers vs., 48 end-to-end authentication and, 41 User Datagram Protocol (UDP), 1, 5 Handshake protocol, 7 congestion control and, 39 opening/closing connections, 8 defined, 7 over TCP, 40-41 transmission illustration, 39 between proxies, 41 transport, 38-39 transport, 40-41 user URIs, 26 transport layer, 5-8 utility applications, 9-10 Traversal Using Relay NAT. See TURN protocol Via forwarding decision tree, 138, 139 TURN protocol, 65-66 Via header field, 138-40 defined, 65 contents, 138 illustrated, 66 defined, 138 syntax, 65 examples, 140 triangular routing, 65 See also Header fields uniform resource indicators (URIs), 1, 12 warning codes, 156-57 AOR, 26 Warning header field, 156 binding, 26 WWW-Authenticate header field, 156 categories, 26 McGraw- Hill TELECOM PROFESSIONAL SONET-BASED METRO AREA NETWORKS Planning and Designing the Next-Generation Provider Network DANIEL MINOLI PETER JOHNSON EMMA MINOLI SONET-Based Metro Area Networks Planning and Designing the Next-Generation Provider Network Daniel Minoli Peter Johnson Emma Minoli McGraw-Hill New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto McGraw-Hill A Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies Copyright © 2000 by The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as per- mitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-140960-2 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0071402268 All trademarks are trademarks