 Bill, 253, 255 forward explicit congestion notification gateway-to-gatekeeper bit (FECN), 377, 378 interoperability, 217 forwarding equivalence classes gateway-to-gateway (FECs), 450 interoperability, 217 Fourier Series, 26, 200 Generalized Packet Radio Service four-wave mixing (FWM), 404-406 (GPRS), 325, 335 frame discard, 116 generic framing procedure (GFP), frame layer, 113 191, 192 frame rate, 277 GEO (geosynchronous) satellites, frame relay, 91, 111, 118, 374-379 345-346, 349 bandwidth for, 370 GFP (generic framing procedure), choke packet in, 112 191, 192 congestion control in, 377-378 Gibson, William, 38 managing service in, 376-377 GIF (graphics interchange format), frame relay access devices (FRADs), 376 74-75,77-79 frame-relay bearer service (FRBS), Gigabit Ethernet, 179, 262-264, 266, 390, 391 331, 458 frames: gigabit token ring, 266 Data Link Layer, 113-116 Ginsburg, Charles, 273 GFP, 191, 192 G.lite, 292, 298-299 MPEG, 275-276 Global System for Mobile SDH, 196 Communications (see GSM) SONET, 182-187 Globalstar, 348 STM, 195 Go Back N, 117-118 STS-N, 184-185 goat trail technology, 349-351 STS-Nc, 185-187 gopher, 39 super-rate, 186 Gosling, James, 40 free running timing (SONET), 190 GR-303, 161 freespace optics, 334 graded-index fibers, 415 frequency hopping spread spectrum Graphical User Interface (GUI), 47, 255 (FHSS), 351-352 Gray, Elijah, 130, 131 frequency modulation (see FM) Greene, Harold, 137, 140 frequency reuse, 317 GSM (Global System for Mobile Commu- frequency-division multiple access (see nications), 324, 326, 335, 336 FDMA) Guidelines for the Development of frequency-division multiplexing (see Managed Objects (GDMO), 221 Gymnarchus Niloticus, 259-260 Index ILECs (incumbent local exchange carriers), 140, 141, 454-461, 479 H.323, 216-218, 220 circuit-to-packet migration of, 457 hacking, long-distance, 165 customer satisfaction with, 227 half-duplex transmission, 17-18 DSL service from, 300 Harald Bluetooth, king of Denmark, 334 management of, 459 hard drive, 247-250 in metro market. 229, 4