s In 2002, the D.C. Circuit also struck down the FCC's decision requiring line sharing, reasoning that the FCC's findings that DSL faced robust competition from cable modem providers meant that line sharing violated the "necessary" and "impair" requirements of the 1996 Act (United States Telecom Ass'n V. FCC, 290 F.3d 415, 428-29 (D.C. Cir. 2002)). This led to further deregulation of DSL in the FCC's landmark Triennial Review Order in 2003, which eliminated line sharing and lifted UNE access obligations to most high-capacity loops. The FCC also eliminated the limited exceptions it had recognized for UNE access to DSLAMs and other packet switching equipment (FCC 2003d). This decision was affirmed in relevant part by the D.C. Circuit (U.S. Telecom Ass'n V. FCC, 359 F.3d 554, 578-85 (D.C. Cir. 2004)). Finally, in 2005, the FCC issued its Wireline Broadband Internet Access Services Order (2005d), which as of now represents the most complete statement of the FCC's last-mile broadband policy. This order in effect extended to DSL the same reasoning followed with respect to cable modem service by the FCC's Cable Modem Declaratory Ruling and endorsed by the Supreme Court in Brand X. The FCC ruled that DSL and other broadband services provided by local telephone companies constitute information services that are not subject to Title II's common carriage and tariffing requirements. In addition, the order eliminated all Computer Inquiry requirements with respect to all broadband technologies used to provide Internet service, although this ruling did not extend them to broadband technologies used to provide traditional telephone service, such as frame relay services, standalone asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) services, and gigabit Ethernet services. 19 Since the Wireline Broadband Internet Access Services Order, the FCC has taken additional steps to deregulate broadband services provided by local telephone com- panies. For example, the FCC has granted waivers giving Verizon, AT&T, and Qwest pricing flexibility for certain bu