rious other optical submarine telecommunications cables. SEA-ME-WE 3 cable completed in late 2000 links the underlying regions and is the longest in the world. It is 39 000 kilometers 24 000 mi) in length and uses WDM technology with SDH/SONET transmission to increase capacity and enhance the quality of the signal. The cable system itself has two fiber pairs, each carrying (as of May 2007) 48 wavelengths of 10 Gbps, and had 39 landing points. The other key submarine cables are SEA-ME-WE 4, FLAG (Fiber-Optic Link Around the Globe), Southern Cross Cable and SO on [16]. Next Generation Mobile Communications Ecosystem 7.5.2.1.1 Selection of IP Transit The six main criteria that determine the quality and reliability of the IP Transit service are: Network Reach: The larger the network, the larger the potential customer base and the better the control of the end-to-end delivery. Number of Routes: The number of routes gives an indication of how much of the public Internet one can reach without any AS hops. Number of Direct Connections: The more direct connections, the shorter the delay for end-users. Transport QoS: IP Transit should support higher traffic classes besides best effort. Support: IP Transit should provide online and 24/7/365 support. Security: IP Transit should have Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect unwanted attempts at accessing, manipulating, and/or disabling underlying systems. 7.5.2.2 Peering Peering means the exchange of IP traffic without the flow of payments. Peering agreements are built on two parties having equally large networks, and being equally dependent on each other. A peering solution requires that a router and other related equipment is installed at the intersection of the peering parties' respective networks. Peering could be public or private. Public Peering: This is accomplished across a Layer 2 access technology, generally called a shared fabric. At these locations, multiple carriers interconnect with one or more other carriers across a single physical port. There is, in princip