 on the X. Li, Radio Access Network Dimensioning for 3G UMTS, DOI 10.1007/978-3-8348-8111-34, C Vieweg+Teubner Verlag | Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH 2011 4 Framework of UMTS Network Dimensioning latter definition by the IETF. In the framework of this thesis, various QoS measures are taken into consideration for the UMTS network dimensioning and they are categorized into flow- based and network-based QoS measures. For further reference, they are called user-relevant QoS and network-relevant QoS (also called network performance) throughout this thesis. In the following paragraphs, the relevant measures for the quality perceived by the user as well as for network performance are presented. 4.1.2.1 User-Relevant QoS User-relevant QoS refers to the QoS related to the individual user flow. From a user's perspective, typically user-relevant QoS criteria are application delay, throughput and delay jitter. If Connection Admission Control (CAC) algorithms are applied in the network, connection reject ratio (also referred to as blocking probability) is another important QoS aspect. Application Delay The end-to-end application delay is defined as the total time of transferring a file (the data transaction is completed only after the last packet is received) or an individual application packet like a voice packet from the source to the destination. In addition to the delay for transmitting the entire data from the source to the destination, it may also include the extra time for setting up and releasing the transport connection, the possible retransmissions due to packet losses, and the delays caused by traffic shaping, flow control or congestion control from transport protocols like TCP or network functions. Application Throughput Application throughput indicates the transaction speed, i.e. how long it takes to transfer a certain amount of data. It is directly related to the application delay and the volume of corresponding data transaction. The throughput is usually measured in bit per second (bit/s or bps), and somet