esses challenging. Regulations and embargoes that could be sanctioned and invalidate business decisions planned to be executed. CHAPTER 4 NETWORK ROADMAPS Formation of new nation-states and changing control over certain regions. With some nations, there are repeating seasonal periods of distrust and demonstration of disaffection. Governments could also formulate newer regulations to affect certain demographies. An example is when the U.S. government changed the norms for visa applications accepted from certain regions like India. Impacts due to seasonal climatic conditions experienced in a place or region, for example, not scheduling rollouts when an area is set to experience seasonal storms. Regulatory Regulatory aspects that could impact the roadmap include the following: Requirements introduced by the government to which products and roadmaps must adhere. For example, mobile towers should control their radiation levels to be within certain regulatory limits. Hence, the network roadmap should not only accommodate to functionally operate within the desired levels, but also allow for monitoring and reporting of the emission levels of the product. Features required to be deployed as per provisions in some contracts as conducted by the service providers. Requirements to be able to support call tracing and lawful interception if so required by government agencies. Earthquake and tsunami warning system may be mandatorily regulated in a place prone to suffer the same calamities, such as in Japan. The network roadmap would need to incorporate input related to such regulatory requirements to be able to remain current and valid. Standards Impact on the roadmap from standards is very direct and straightforward. The standards define the features that need to be supported to conform to a release and hence give direct input to the roadmap. As explained previously, standards' bodies are driven by different groups involved with different aspects of the technology. Hence, by participating in the technology definition, companies