ve local servers at sites related to specific naming authorities. This maintains some desirable fea- tures inherited from DNS like name uniqueness and fate sharing (local names can still be resolved if a site is disconnected from the global system; this design property is directly related to the underlying area of influence aggre- gation and fate sharing), small common infrastructure, and distributed financing. The proposed architecture shares with Translating Relaying Internet Archi- tecture Integrating Active Directories (TRIAD) [28] the notions of coupling of name identification and routing, as well as the participation of backbone nodes in the resolution. However, the technical details of the two implementa- tions are completely different. We propose an implementation in the context of Digital Objects (DOs), Areas of Influence (AoIs) and Green Networks. The Handle System is a currently implemented and widely used identification sys- tem. The system is mature and satisfies most of the design concepts that references [26,27] put forth. So far, handles have been used to identify digital objects in repositories where each digital object has its own handle, allowing long-term control and flexibility in managing digital repositories. CNRI has demonstrated the application of handles to network devices and services [30], users [31], and mobile agents. An example of a system that uses handles is DSpace. Long-time users of the handle system include the Library of Congress and Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC's) Defense Virtual Library (DVL) sponsored by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The two largest users of the Handle System are the International Digital Object Identifier Foundation (IDF) and its largest registration agency, Cross- Ref. The system has proven to be extremely scalable. The largest individ- ual Handle System implementation to-date is deployed at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, which is intended to support more than a half-billion identifiers, while providing internal res