transmission schemes The capacity region in the uplink of an MU-MIMO system can be calculated for two different cases: (1) joint decoding, i.e., the signals from a group of users are decoded in a cooperative manner; and (2) independent decoding, where the signals from users are independently decoded in parallel. The capacity of the MU-MIMO channels can be calculated using dirty paper coding techniques. The method was inspired by interference cancellation schemes. It is shown that the capacity of a channel where the transmitter has the knowledge of interference is the same as if there were no interference. The dirty paper coding concept can be better comprehended by comparing the scheme to writing on dirty paper with a properly-selected ink color SO that the scripts have high contrast and are clearly readable. It can be shown that the capacity of the MU-MIMO multiple-access channel in the above cases is given as follows: (Independent Decoding) (10-47) (Joint Decoding) In the above equations, Nr denotes the number of receive antennas at the base station, Nu is the number of users each with only one transmit antenna, R is a subset of the set of users whose signals are jointly decoded, His the Nr X M complex-valued channel matrix where M is the cardinality of the set R, the covariance matrix of the signals transmitted by the users contained in the set R, INr is an N X Nr identity matrix, Rk is the rate that can be reliably achieved by user k, Si is the complex- valued symbol transmitted by user i,i = 1,2, ,Nu, Esi is the average energy of the signal from user i which differs from one user to another, Ry is the covariance matrix of the received signal at the base station, and H = [h1, h2, hNul is the normalized Nr X Nu complex-valued channel matrix composed of individual user complex-valued channel vectors hi. If the conventional AWGN channel were modified to include an additive interference term that is known at the transmitter, and the received signal were expressed as the sum of the transmitted signal plus interfer