o affects the target Eb/No required for a satisfactory BER. The base station does not have to know if the user terminal is in a moving vehicle be- cause the outer loop will increase Eb/No to compensate for declining BER performance. Please recall that in CDMA, an Eb/No or an FER that is too low indicates that this channel is too powerful, generating excessive interference for other channels. Downloaded from Digital Engineering Library @ McGraw-Hill (www.digitalengineeringlibrary.com) Copyright © 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. Any use is subject to the Terms of Use as given at the website. Worldwide CDMA Standards Standards for Cellular Systems Forward power control is more casual in cdmaOne because the orthogonal PN codes remove most of the same-cell interference. The user terminal keeps a running total of frame errors and reports any sequence of frames over the required FER using a power- measurement report message (PMRM). The base station reduces its power if it receives no PMRM over a period of time. When a PMRM message does arrive, the base station changes its power according to the message. This is typically a power increase, but it can be a decrease as well. If the user terminal reporting threshold is lower than the re- quired FER, then the base station could receive a PMRM message telling it that FER is higher than necessary. While RS1 timers can be as long as one full second, the RS2 forward power is monitored and adjusted every two 20-ms frames. 10.1.7 cdmaOne cell identification The forward pilot channel is the reference for all user terminals in the demodulation process. It is also how the user terminal selects and identifies the serving cell at the be- ginning of a call. Pilots for all base stations are set 4 to 6 dB higher than traffic chan- nels so that the user terminals can detect them. The pilot channels have a PN code of 32,768 chips, a duration of 26.66 ms, and 75 repetitions per second. All antenna faces use the same pilot PN code, and each cell sec- tor is identified by 