Charge coupled devices (CCD), 507, 508 CELP (Code Excited Linear Prediction), 171 Chase combining, 303, 304 Channel-associated signaling (CAS), 167, 169, 171 Chromaticity diagram, 478-80 Channel capacity, 203-4, 273 Circuit emulation services (CES), 173-4 Channel code, 201, 203 Cisco Systems Inc., 175 Channel codeword, 201, 204, 205 Class-based queuing (CBQ), 196-7 Channel coding, 203-4, 287, 288 Class of Service (CoS) VS. Quality of Service (QoS), 194 Channel coding and error control, for bit errors and packet Clear to send (CTS) packet, 129, 389, 417 losses, 205 Client-side techniques, 241 convolutional codes, 210-14 Coaxial line, 44-5 interleaving, 214 characteristic impedance, 46 linear block codes, 206 Code division multiple access (CDMA), 71, 74, 86, 88, 390 CRC codes, 208 Code division multiple access (CDMA) digital fountain codes, 209 based cellular system, 120 irregular repeat-accumulate (IRA) codes, 209 Code Domain Multiplexing (CDM), 296, 298 lattice codes, 209 Codec selection, 192 LDPC codes, 208-9 Coded block pattern (CBP), 520 Reed-Solomon codes, 208 Codewords, 202 tornado codes, 209 Coding efficiency, 502, 518, 521 turbo codes, 214-15 Coding gain, 304, 395, 396, 512, 515 Channel decoder, 201 CODIT project (Code Division Test bed), 260 Channel-dependent scheduling, 295 Cognitive radio (CR), technologies required for, 69, 91, 115, acquiring on channel-state information, 300-1 121-2 downlink scheduling, 296-9 adaptive radios, 120, 122-3 and link adaptation, 300 aware radios, 120, 122 and traffic behavior, 301-2 biometrics, 125-6 uplink scheduling, 299-300 funding and research, 130 Channel encoder, 201 authentication applications, 136-7 Channel errors, 201, 506 cognitive geolocation applications, 131-32 Channel measurements: dynamic spectrum access and spectrum awareness, 132-5 device performance and reliability, of channel structure rendezvous problem, 135-6 estimates, 345-7 geolocation, 125 measurement scenarios, 339-40 radio capabilities and properties, comparison of, 125 and parameter estimation, 3