 2 and 3 devices from the hardware they are running over. POX: This is equally important when it comes to defining the taxonomy of SDN controllers. Being the elder brother of NOX, it was written in python and was insanely helpful in building programs and code for controlling flow of packets. RYU: An advancement to the *OX series of controllers. Though it also works on python but it supports all the versions of open flow and supports the open stack which is a set of software used for building cloud applications. SDN Controller: Being the vortex of the SDN architecture, all the controller agents present in the devices answer to the controller which in turn enables intelligent networking by managing and handling the traffic flow of the network. Software-Defined Networking: Architecture rather than a protocol. The purpose of this system is to provide dynamic path allocation to various network devices connected into the network. Downloaded: 4/15/2022 9:44:49 AM Nova Southeastern University IP Address: 137.52.76.29 Chapter 6 SDN Practical Orientation Lalit Pandey Independent Researcher, India ABSTRACT This chapter is focused on SDN practical approach with Cisco controllers APIC, APIC-EM, and the application programming interfaces with real-world benefits and challenges. The chapter uses Cisco SDN way of managing, administering, maintaining, and implementing platforms using an external tool. This chapter will also discuss the controller API structures, management model of the controller, and using POSTMAN tool to push API requests and talk to the APIC controller. The chapter also discusses some of the important APIC EM applications like PnP, Easy QoS, IWAN, etc. INTRODUCTION SDN is an Innovative technology that enables us to control, manage, Automate & Orchestrate the underlying resources by abstracting the management and Control plane from the Individual devices to the Controllers and by introducing an abstraction that decouples the control from the data plane. Controller (Intelligent Software/Application) has the visi