nt Network (AIN), 147 Armstrong, Edwin, 24 Advanced Mobile Phone System ARPANET, 36-39, 430-431 (AMPS), 316 ASCII (American Standard Code for Advanced Radio Telecom, 332 Information Interchange), 47-49, 52 Index asymmetric digital subscriber line Bell, Alexander Graham, 130, 131, 134, (ADSL), 292-299 143, 304, 310-311, 394 asynchronous timing, 190 Bell Atlantic, 140 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), Bell Laboratories, 10, 28, 128, 137, 197, 91, 111, 118-119, 379-393 315, 317, 455 addressing in, 386-387 Bell Northern Research, 10 cell header, 385-386 Bell Operating Companies (BOCs), evolution of, 380-382 128, 137 interfaces with, 179 Bell System, 128, 129, 137, 315, 316 and IP addresses, 443 Bell Telephone Company, 131, 132 and LMDS, 332 Bellovin, Steve, 38 protocols, 382-384 BellSouth, 140, 296, 324, 333, 454, 456 RTP over, 216-127 Bennis, Warren, 66 services, 387-393 Bergman, Al, 159 speeds of, 370 Berkeley Method LANs, 259 ATM Forum, 389-393 Berners-Lee, Tim, 33-35 ATM layer, 383-384 billing (VoIP), 215-126 AT&T, 134-140, 227-228, 232-233, 239, binary arithmetic, 49-52 313-317, 347, 431, 454, 461, 462, 476 Binary Synchronous Communications AT&T Long Lines, 128, 137, 211 (BISYNC), 117 AT&T U. Carter, 136 bipolar signaling system, 27 ATU-C, 294 BISYNC (Binary Synchronous ATU-R, 294 Communications), 117 automatic call distribution (ACD), bit errors, 116-118 290-291 bit interleaving, 174 avalanche photodiodes (APD), 412, 413 bit-level integrity, 45 bitmap (BMP), 72-73 bitstream errors, 53, 54 blade servers, 473 Bluetooth, 334-335, 359 backup routing, 107 Bluetooth Special Interest Group, 334 backward explicit congestion BMP (bitmap), 72-73 notification bit (BECN), 377, 378 Bolt, Beranek, and Newman (BBN), bandwidth, 20 37, 430 in early access technology, 282 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), 109, for LANs, 262-264 443, 444 of local loop, 282 Bossard, Bernard, 331 and multimedia, 219, 269 bounded delay, 265 and network value hierarchy, 479 BPI+ (Baseline Privacy Interface in traditional networks, 381 Plus), 310 for vid