ompare, side-by-side, the performance and efficiency of the mobile WiMAX and 3GPP LTE systems and to conclude that one system outperforms the other, rather, it is left to the reader to arrive at such a conclusion. In addition to a top-down systems approach, another distinction of this book compared to other publications in the literature is the Introduction Table 3 Major Differences between IEEE 802.16m and 3GPP LTE-Advanced Physical Layers Feature 3GPP LTE-Advanced IEEE 802.16m Multiple Access Scheme Downlink: OFDMA Downlink: OFDMA Uplink: SC-FDMA Uplink: OFDMA Control Channel Multiplexing with Time Division Multiplex (Resource Frequency Division Multiplex occupied by control channel in (Resource occupied by control units of OFDM symbols) channel in physical resource block units) Channel State Information (CSI) Long-term CSI and Short-term Base codebook with long-term Feedback CSI (e.g., sounding) channel covariance matrix and Sounding Scheduling Period Per Transmission Time Interval Short and long TTI scheduling (TTI) scheduling and Persistent and Persistent scheduling scheduling Physical Resource Block Size 12 sub-carriers X 14 OFDM/SC- 18 sub-carriers X 6 OFDM FDMA Symbols = 168 Resource symbols = 108 Resource elements elements Usable Bandwidth at 10 MHz 600 sub-carriers X 15 kHz (sub- 864 sub-carriers X 10.9375 kHz carrier spacing) = 9 MHz (sub-carrier spacing) = 9.45 MHz (Spectrum Occupancy = 90%) (Spectrum Occupancy : 94.5%) Usable OFDM/SC-FDMA Symbols 70 OFDM/SC-FDMA symbols 51 OFDM symbols (FDD) per 5 ms (FDD) 50 OFDM symbols (TDD) 56 OFDM/SC-FDMA symbols (TDD) Usable Resource Elements per 42000 Resource Elements (sub- 44064 Resource Elements (sub- carriers) carriers) Modulation and Coding Scheme 27 Levels 32 Levels Levels Downlink Antenna Configuration 4 X 2/8 X 2 4 X 2 for IMT-Advanced Scenarios Uplink Antenna Configuration for 1 X 4/1 X 8/2 X 4 2 x 4 IMT-Advanced Scenarios Multi-antenna Schemes for Single-user MIMO, Multi-user Multi-user MIMO/Beamforming IMT-Advanced Scenarios MIMO/Beamforming, Coordi