ckhaul link (Feeder link) Access link Satellite terminal: Ground Station (GS) Dedicated satellite gNB (+Core) terminal, or gNB-CU (+ Core) Local gateway and regular UEs Figure 9.12 5G non-terrestrial networks. and IP technology, and further, such that the new use cases and these flows can coexist with the non-TSN flows. With TSN, applications rely on a common accurate time base, obtained, for example, by PTP with a profile defined in IEEE802.1AS [32]. Low latency, ultra-reliability, and resource management with dedicated resources are addressed with specific enhance- ments. An interesting addition is 802.1Qbv (Enhancements for Scheduled Traffic), which essentially introduces TDM (time division multiplexing)-type of slots into Ethernet while allowing other traffic types in the same segment [33]. This capability is difficult to implement with standard networking without dedicating a wire for the purpose. Possible application areas of TSN in 5G are in the low layer fronthaul and with the URLLC and IOT use cases. References 1 Sustainable Development Goals. https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment 2 Froom, R., Sivasubramanian, B. and Frahim, E. (2007). Building Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks, 4th Edition. Cisco Press. ISBN 978-1587052736. 3 Metsälä, E.M. and Salmelin, J. (eds.) (2015). LTE Backhaul: Planning and Optimiza- tion. Wiley. ISBN: 1118924649. 4 O-RAN (2019). Fronthaul Control, User and Synchronization Plane Specification Version 1.0. March 2019. 5 3GPP TR38.913 V1.0.0 (2016). Study on scenarios and requirements for next genera- tion access technologies. 6 NGMN (2018). 5G Extreme Requirements: End-to-End Considerations, 2.0. 16-Aug-2018. 7 ITU-T Supplement 66 (2018). 5G wireless fronthaul requirements in a passive opti- cal network context. 10/2018. References 8 IETF RFC 8200 (2017). Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification. 9 IETF RFC 4364 (2006). BGP/MPLS IP Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). 10 IETF RFC 7432 (2015). BGP MPLS-Based Ethernet VPN. 11 IETF RFC 4760 (2007). Multiprotocol Extensions 