 in order to authorize the expenditure required to purchase the required resources for execution of plan. There can be interactions with third party modules and supplier mod- ules to communicate the plan to meet business needs. It also supports project management of building projects in the initial planning phases. 63. Supply chain management: These applications deal with daily production and distribution in the supply chain. For proper production the demand has to be forecasted and inventory for production needs to be planned. Supply chain management solutions work on historical data to understand the product demand and provide valuable inputs to the operator preparing the production plan. In the distribution framework the orders planned by the customers at the telecom retail stores and outlets need to be considered in developing the warehousing plan for direct store and warehouse distribution. Another important factor in supply chain management is transportation. Transportation drives both production and distribution costs. Transportation costs to source the inventory required for production can be high if the mate- rial requirements are not properly communicated to the suppliers. The dis- tribution of finished goods should ensure minimal cost in transportation without significant increase in cost of warehousing. Saving on empty miles by clubbing distribution goods transportation with production inventory transportation can also be done effectively using supply chain management solutions. Fundamentals of EMS, NMS and OSS/BSS 64. Network troubleshooting tools: Fixing issues in the network using troubleshooting tools is a key activity performed by the network operator. There are many network troubleshooting tools that help the operator to iden- tify network issues and bug fixing. These tools complement network trouble management and element management systems to effectively isolate and debug a problem. Some of the common tools include a telnet client to log into the remote machine, the SSH client to do secure log