 for downlink, and single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) has been selected for uplink. OFDM is an attractive modulation technique in a cellular environment to combat a frequency selective fad- ing channel with a relatively low-complexity receiver [1]. However, OFDM requires an expensive and inherently inefficient power amplifier in the transmitter due to the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the multicarrier signal. An alternative transmission scheme with the same attractive multipath inter- ference mitigation property as OFDM is SC-CP (single-carrier transmission with cyclic prefix) [2-4]. Therefore, SC-CP can achieve a link-level performance com- parable to OFDM for the same complexity, but at reduced PAPR [2]. In addition, the performance of SC-CP can be further improved by using a turbo equalization receiver [5]. The choice of single-carrier transmission in a discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-spread OFDM form allows for a relatively high degree of commonality with the downlink OFDM scheme and the possibility to use the same system param- eters [6]. Moreover, it enables direct access to the frequency domain to perform frequency domain equalization [2]. This chapter is organized as follows. LTE uplink numerology is introduced in Section 6.2. The description of both radio access techniques is given in Section 6.3. The PAPR evaluation for each radio access scheme is discussed in Section 6.4. Section 6.5 describes the link-level model used for the evaluations in this work, including the specific parameter settings. The LTE uplink performance with vari- ous key techniques is also presented, including link adaptation, in Section 6.6, fast hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) in Section 6.7, antenna configura- tion in Section 6.8, flexible frequency allocation in Section 6.9, typical channel estimation in Section 6.10, and, finally, turbo equalization in Section 6.11 as a performance enhancement technique for SC-FDMA transmission. We conclude the work by showing the impact of the nonli