s that could influence QoS degradation in the given country. Also, QoS enforcement should bring benefits for all parties in the telecom/ICT chain, including end-users, the telecom/ICT market, and society in general. References 1 ITU (2017). Quality of Service Regulation Manual. ITU. 2 ITU-T Supplement 9 to ITU-T E.800-series Recommendations, Guidelines on Regu- latory Aspects of QoS, December 2013. 3 ITU Telecommunications/ICT Regulatory Database, 2017. 4 ITU-T Recommendation E.860, Framework of a Service Level Agreement , 2002. 5 ITU-T Recommendation E.800, Definition of Terms Related to Quality of Service, September 2008. 6 BEREC, Preliminary Report in View of a Common Position on Monitoring Mobile Coverage, October 2017. 7 Janevski, T. (2015). Internet Technologies for Fixed and Mobile Networks. Norwood, MA: Artech House. 8 European Commission, Study on Broadband and Infrastructure Mapping, Final Report, 2017. 9 ITU Report, IP-based Networks: Pricing of Telecommunication Services, 2003. 10 ITU, ICT Quality of Service Regulation: Practices and Proposals, September 2006. 11 ETSI ES 202 057-1 (2013). Speech Processing, Transmission and Quality Aspects (STQ); User Related QoS Parameter Definitions and Measurements; Part 1: General. ETSI. 12 ETSI EG 202 057-4 (2008). Speech Processing, Transmission and Quality Aspects (STQ); User Related QoS Parameter Definitions and Measurements; Part 4: Internet Access. ETSI. 13 Combo, Monitoring Parameters Relation to QoS/QoE and KPIs, http://www.ict- combo.eu/, 2014. Conclusions This book has focused on the quality of service for fixed and mobile ultra-broadband, including technologies, regulation, and business aspects. The QoS has been mandatory for traditional telecommunication services such as telephony (voice) and television since the first half of the last century; however, with the convergence of telecommu- nication networks and services onto Internet technologies, QoS provision remains a significant challenge for all ICT services, not only for traditional ones. Therefore