e RANOS software package takes care of day-to-day operation and maintenance. The position is shown is Figure 13.29. 13.11.6 CDMA Within the CDMA2000 standard, several phases have been defined to support the ITU requirements for third-generation services. Figure 13.30 shows the evolution of the CDMA 2000 standard, CDMA2000 1X, which is based on the IS-2000 standard. It: is backward compatible with the original cdmaOne offers up to twice the voice capacity of cdmaOne systems supports always-on packet-data sessions provides data rates of up to 144 kbit/s - with peak over-the-air data rates (including overhead) of 163.2 kbit/s (IS-2000 Rev. 0) and 307.2 kbit/s (IS-2000 Rev. A). Beyond CDMA2000 1X, the Third Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) specifies two (1xEV) standards: 1xEV-DO (data only) and 1xEV-DV (data and voice). CDMA2000 1xEV-DO comprises a separate data carrier that provides best-effort packet- data service with a peak over-the-air data rate of 2.4 Mbit/s. CDMA2000 1xEV-DV provides integrated voice and data with real-time data services and a peak over-the-air data rate of 3.1 Mbit/s. The main radio network parts are: a base station controller radio base stations a radio network management system CDMA2000 1XEV-DV 1XEV-DO Integrated effort voice Mbit/s packet kbit/s 153.6 kbit/s Figure 13.30 Evolution within the CDMA systems Understanding Changing Telecommunications - Building a Successful Telecom Business Packet data serving/service node RNM radio network manager Other CDMA2000 CDMA 2000 management system Mobile station Figure 13.31 A CDMA access network structure Typical base station controller functions are: control of the radio base stations, man- agement of radio network resources and provision of user mobility. Base station controllers may also perform voice compression (vocoding), process han- dovers, manage power control to ensure efficient use of network capacity, control timing and synchronization within the radio access network, and provide interfaces to the radio base stations, the radio ne