 these access charges. 16 State regulators, in particular, have been reluctant to allow these access charges to decline despite threats from wireless and VoIP, because they are unwilling to allow incumbents to raise fixed monthly rates to defray the potential revenue losses.17 The likely impact of wireless and cable television competition on in- cumbent telephone companies may be deduced from the proliferation of bundled pricing plans offered by both. Table 5-6 shows a selection of the plans available in mid-2004. For $60 a month, subscribers can now get 800 to 1,000 minutes of local and long-distance minutes during peak call- ing hours and unlimited minutes on weekends or on nights and weekends; for $100, they can purchase up to 2,500 peak minutes plus unlimited off- peak minutes. In some cases, these plans even allow free "roaming" to areas outside the subscriber's home market. These wireless plans are competitive with the incumbents' wireline ser- vices for a substantial number of customers. The average bill for residential wireline service, including long-distance, is now about $47 a month. 18 However, a substantial share of subscribers spend much more, primarily because of extensive long-distance calling. If this calling is concentrated dur- ing evening or weekend hours, the subscriber can save money by dropping the wireline service and subscribing to one of the plans shown in table 5-6. Unless the subscriber makes large numbers of zero-priced, local peak-hour calls from his or her residential telephone, using a wireless phone for local calls is likely to be less expensive than the $35 a month for local wireline ser- vice, including optional services. Given the continuing decline in wireless rates and the relatively constant regulated incumbent telephone company local rates, wireless/wireline substitution will surely grow (see chapter 7). At the same time, cable companies like Cox, Comcast, and Cablevision are offering a variety of local and long-distance plans that are competitive with incumbents' services.