earned via RIP are identified in the routing table with an R in the first column. This example shows the network 172.16.0.0/16 learned via RIP. The actual network in use is 172.16.100.0/24, but because RIP is classful, the router assumes the entire 172.16.0.0/16 network is there as well: R3#sho ip route [text removed] Gateway of last resort is 192.168.1.2 to network 0.0.0.0 172.16.0.0/16 [120/1] via 10.10.10.4, 00:00:21, Etherneto/o 10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks 10.10.10.0/24 is directly connected, Etherneto/o 10.100.100.100/32 is directly connected, Loopback0 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet1/0 0.0.0.0/0 [254/0] via 192.168.1.2 Here we see an example of a host route being received by RIP: R4#sho ip route [text removed] Gateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets 172.16.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0 10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks 10.10.10.0/24 is directly connected, Etherneto/o 10.100.100.100/32 [120/1] via 10.10.10.3, 00:00:21, Etherneto/o 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Etherneto/1 RIPv2 RIP was updated in the mid-1990s to reflect the widespread use of Classless Internet Domain Routing (CIDR) and Variable Length Subnet Masks (VLSM). The new proto- col, RIP version 2, operates similarly to RIP version 1 in that it still uses hops as its only metric. However, it does have some significant advantages over RIPv1, including: RIPv2 supports classless routing by including subnet masks in network advertisements. RIPv2 supports triggered updates. Chapter 10: Routing Protocols Updates in RIPv2 are sent using the multicast address 224.0.0.9 instead of as broadcasts. Neighbors can be configured with RIPv2. When a neighbor is configured, updates are sent to that neighbor using unicasts, which can further reduce network traffic. RIPv2 supports authentication between routers. Even though RIPv2 supports subnets, it still only accepts classful ad- dresses in the network command, SO be careful when determining which networks and i