by Reed Hastings, the CEO and founder of Netflix. Netflix initially mailed DVDs to subscribers in iconic red envelops and stated at the time that Netflix would stream TV shows and movies when Wi-Fi became robust enough to support video traffic. Netflix is a disruptive service that changed user behavior and disrupted traditional sales of DVDs and movie theaters. Streaming caused Blockbuster, the largest seller of DVDs, which had outlets on every corner, to go out of business and movie theaters had to close many of their theaters due to fewer people going to movies. Netflix is now an international business with service in nearly 200 countries. A core strategy of Netflix, Hulu, Amazon, and their competitors is to attract subscribers by offering popular TV shows and movies. Netflix was initially able to license the TV series and movies it offered from content providers such as Disney, Time Warner, and Universal Studios. As these companies started offering their own streaming services or were bought by larger companies, for example, AT&T and Comcast, less content became www.TechnicalPDF.com available for competing streaming providers. As a result, Netflix, Amazon, and others have poured billions of dollars into creating original content to attract subscribers. Content is a critical factor in people' decision to either drop cable TV or subscribe to smaller cable TV packages. Software is the driving force in managing today' broadband and LAN (local area networks) networks. Broadband networks controlled by software are referred to as wide area software defined networks (W-SDNs). SDNs are also implemented in enterprise networks. Both implementations are controlled from central terminals programmed with commands that direct traffic to avoid routes with outages and congestion. Software is used to manage complex high-capacity broadband networks. Functions previously installed on proprietary hardware can be abstracted in non-proprietary hardware. These network functions include routers, servers dedicated to security, and gate