 259, 316 mixed database handling, 322-3 Coupled lines, 45 ray models, 324-7 Couplers, 64 advanced techniques for, 327-32 branch-line coupler, 65-6 applications, 333-7 'rat-race' coupler, 66-7 simplified or hybrid models, 337-9 ring coupler, 66 Device Configuration Descriptor (DCD), 107 Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB), 345-6 Device Package Descriptor (DPD), 107 CRC codes, 208 DeviceManager, 105-6, 107 Cross-polarisation Power Ratios (XPRs), 360 Differential equation methods: cRTP (Compressed Real Time Protocol), 197 finite difference time domain models, 317-18 CSEL (Combat Survivor/Evader Locator), 120 parabolic equation (PE) methods, 318-19 CSRC, 235-6 Differential pulse code modulation (DPCM), 171, 511 Cutback method, 453 Differential Services Code Point (DSCP), 192 Cutoff wavelength, 445, 452 Differentiated Services (Diff-Serv), 185, 187, 194 Cyclic-prefix insertion, 284-5 Digital component video background, 483 Cyclic redundancy check (CRC), 203, 302, 308, 428 coding ranges, 483 Index EDTV sample rate selection, 484 parabolic equation methods, 318-19 HDTV sample rate selection, 484 integral methods: SDTV sample rate selection, 484 full moment methods, 314-15 Digital Data Service (DDS), 160 modal expansion models, 316 Digital European cordless telephone (DECT), 123 physical optics models, 315-16 Digital fountain codes, 209 ray methods: Digital media adapters, 466, 467 Gaussian beams, 319 Digital modulation, 17 geometrical optics models, 319-20 Digital processing, in SDR, 83-6 Empirical path-loss models, for micro-cells, 349-50 Digital signal processing, 71, 76-7, 126 Encoding delay, 171, 238 Digital signal processors, 71, 93, 96-7, 126-7 see also Fixed Energy density, 145 function DSP; General purpose DSP Enhanced-definition video, 465 Digital television set-top box, 467 Enhanced messaging service (EMS), 8 Digital video signals and formats, 506 Entropy and predictive coding, 510-11 analog video signals, sampling of, 506-8 Entropy coding, 503, 510-11 digital video formats, 508-9, 510 Entropy encoders, 510 Direct-