 (CAC), 414-415 139, 198 Multiplexing (CWDM), Constant Bitrate (CBR) Cross-polarization 132-133, 151-153, 211 codecs over, 71 importance, 279 Cochannel interference, 41 GFP-F, 358 multiple beams, 303 Code Excited Linear Predictive network queuing, 77 reflector antennas, 294, (CELP) speech coders, 6-8 Constant ratio codes, 91 297-298 Codebooks, 6 Constraint Routed LDP (CR- XPD, 246-247 Codecs, 7-8, 53, 57, 60-61, 70-71 LDP), 387 Crosstalk, 33 Coding Contiguous concatenation, amplifier chains, 207-208 arithmetic, 69-71 344-347 BER, 168 block, 88-92 Continuity Check (CC) messages, chromatic dispersion, 182 convolutional, 97-100 DWDM, 154 cyclic codes, 92-97 Continuity Fault Management optical fiber transmission, 202 ECC, 85-88 (CFM), 407 Cryptosystems, 104 encryption, 102-104 Contrast sensitivity of human CSRZ. See Carrier-Suppressed interleaved and concatenated, eye, 63 Return to Zero Control and management of Current distribution in antennas, lattice and trellis, 102 networks, 331 LDPC, 101 Control planes in IP, 380 Curves for field strength space-time, 102 Control signals, 19 prediction, 255 speech, 3-9 Convolutional coding, 97-98 Customer Edge (CE) in VPNs, spread-spectrum systems, performance, 100 397-401 104-106 Viterbi decoding, 98-100 Customer Premises Equipment structure, 71-73 Convolutional FEC, 205 (CPE), 366, 368-369, transform, 63-64 Cooled receivers, 300 372-374 Turbo codes, 100-101 Copolarized Path Attenuation Customer VLANs (C-VLANs), Coding gain, 87-88, 204 (CPA), 246-247 Index Cutoff wavelength for fibers, Demodulation, 30 Digital video transmission, 55 127-128 Dense Wavelength Division coded information structure, CWDM. See Coarse Wavelength Multiplexing (DWDM), 151 71-73 Division Multiplexing fibers for, 132 compression, 57-62 Cyclic codes, 92-93 IP over, 52-53 over Internet. See Video BCH, 95-96 optical fiber transmission, 211 transport over Internet implementation, 93-95 overview, 153-154 raw digital video, 56-57 Reed-Solomon, 96-97 SDH/SONET networks, 363, representation of video, 55-56 shorte