11/Sh Function 11/Sh 12/SC 49/Mj Call Session Policy Element Position Control Decision Management Server 16/Cx Function Function Layer 17/Mg 24/Mr 28/Go Media Media Managed Position Resource Network Determining Gateway Function Control Entity Entity Controller Function 25/Mp 26/PSTN 30/Mb Access Media Gateway Resource Media 32/Mb Function 33/Mb Gateway odma2200 Access Network Processor 37/Mb 36/Mbl 38/Mb 40/Mb Mobile IP 42/Mb Attendant Border Other Access Networks 43/Mb 44/Mb Router Agent 45/Mb 46/Mb 47/Um 34/Mb Mobile Station Network Figure 9.4 MMD core network architecture model. Reproduced with permission from C 2005 3GPP2 [7] rate polling service (ertPS), non-real-time polling service (nrtPS) and best effort (BE). Thus, a mapping matrix needs to be incorporated to address different classes between the two networks. 9.5 3GPP2 Multi Media Domain (MMD) 3GPP2 MMD architecture is similar to the 3GPP IMS 3-tier (layered) model as shown in Figure 9.4. MMD is defined by 3GPP2 for cdma2000 1xRTT, EV-DO4 and UMB systems. MMD includes both 4 1xRTT: Single Carrier Radio Transmission Technology. EV-DO: Evolution Data Optimized. IMS, Services and Applications Subcription Network Policy Policy Application Application Rules Server Server Databases 8/OSA-API 12/SC Breakout Network OSA Service Management Capability Gateway Control Layer/OSS Server 11/Sh Function 11/Sh 49/Mj Call Session Policy Element Position Control Decision Management Server 16/Cx Function Function Layer 17/Mg 24/Mr 28/Go Managed Position Media Media Network Determining Resource Gateway Entity Entity Function Control Controller Function 25/Mp 26/PSTN I 30/Mb Access Media Gateway Resource Media 32/Mb Function 33/Mb Gateway odma2000 Access Network Processor 36/Mb 37/Mb 38/Mb 40/Mb Attendant Mobile IP 42/Mb Border Other Access Networks 43/Mb 44/Mb Router Agent 45/Mb 46/Mb 47/Um 34/Mb Mobile Station Network Figure 9.5 3GPP2 IMS architecture. Reproduced with permission from C 2005 3GPP2 (7) Packet Data Subsystem (PDS) and IMS. The multi-media session capabilitie