an example of point-of-presence configuration (the access server is sometimes denoted NAS, network access server) Wireless Internet service provider (WISP) WISP service - fast Internet access in public place Office Hotel & Conference Mobility Shopping malls Airport Figure 4.19 A WISP offers Internet access at hot spots In networks with network-centric intelligence there are normally supplementary ser- vices, which include IN services, and information-type value-added services ('Telephone Bank'). These information-type services are a predecessor to the content provision of today. The supplementary services (including IN) are special, often providing increased accessibility by means of rerouting, renumbering, number portability and similar services. Telecom Business This increased accessibility ('IN') role has been dynamic during the 1990s, but its devel- opment is now slower with some exceptions, such as prepaid and number portability. The role is normally integrated with a core network operator role for voice traffic. The content-oriented roles are not stable. The links between the roles are complex. Many roles are quite new and still developing. The relations do not form a clear value chain but rather a 'web'. The question of who is paying whom, including the overall distribution of revenue between roles, will be touched upon in Section 4.6. The ISP role, as an example, can be quite simple with basic Internet access, e-mail and AAA functions. It can, however, expand to embrace web hosting, I-VPN, VoIP and possibly also commercial services. A white paper (common language) from Ericsson indicated some 10 typical roles around the task of content provision in the mobile Internet. See Figure 4.20. VAS/IN service provision has been added to the original list. These roles can be split into general roles (left) and commercial roles (right). General AV roles: ISP (on the border to connectivity) Content provider Information broker Portal Application provider (providing not running a service) Application service provider V