(LPC), 577 M-commerce (mobile commerce), xxxviii Lines, transmission, 6-9 M2m (machine-to-machine) applications, 660 Link Access Protocol on the D Channel (LAPD), MAC (Media Access Control) addresses, 192, 478 Macrocells, 564 Index MAEs (metropolitan area exchanges), 293 MEO (Middle-earth-orbit) satellites, 69 Magnetic polarization antennas, 558 Mesh networks, 654-659 Magnetic sensors, xxxiii benefits and considerations, 656-657 Main distribution frame (MDF), 88 intelligent optical networks with, 455 Management information services (MIS), 147 overview of, 654-655 Management, optical network, 470-471 protocols and implementations, 655-656 Management, QoS, 295-299 when to use, 657-658 Mandl, Fritz, 569 wireless micromesh networks, 658-659 Mann, Steve, xliii ZigBee supporting, 673 MANs (metropolitan area networks) Message Digest-5 (MD5), 378 CWDM for, 461 Message Integrity Code (MIC), 647 HiperMAN, 630 Metadata, defined, 521 wireless. See WMANs (wireless metropolitan Metrics area networks) routing algorithms, 86 Marconi, Guglielmo, 551 routing protocols, 259 Mars Exploration Rover Spirit Orbiter, 305 Metropolitan area exchanges (MAEs), 293 Mars Express Orbiter, 305 Metropolitan area networks. See MANs (metropoli- Mars Telecommunications Orbiter, 305 tan area networks) Martini draft, 370-371 MGCF (multimedia gateway controller function), Martini, Luca, 370 424, 699 Master/slave architectures, 317 MGCP (Media Gateway Control Protocol), 333-335 Match.com, 713 MGW (media gateway), IMS, 424, 699 Maximum segment size (MSS), 255 MIC (Message Integrity Code), 647 Maxwell, James, 11, 550 MIC (Ministry of Information and Communica- MBOA-SIG (Multiband OFDM Alliance SIG), 669 tion), 626 Mbone (multicast backbone), IPv4, 271 Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) switches, MCML (Multi-Class Multi-Link) PPP, 330 467-468 MCUs (multipoint control units), 332 Micromechanical flying insects, 1 MD5 (Message Digest-5), 378 Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption (MPPE), 354 MDF (Main distribution frame), 88 Microwave, 54-61 MDU (multiple-dw