 logic that works on the data from the mediation layer. There is a primary back-end server and a secondary back-end server in this layer. In case of any issues or failure in the primary server, control is transferred to the secondary server, which acts as a backup for primary server. 3. Database cluster layer: Multiple database servers that support RDMS reside in this layer. Having a separate server for the database leads to high availabil- ity. Management data integrity, security, and database synchronization are all handled in this layer. 4. Front-end server layer: The role of the front-end server is to create client views for clients using Web NMS. That is when the client selects an option, the specified operation needs to be performed, and the resulting output needs to be converted to a format that can be accessed by the client. Multiple front-end servers are used SO that more client requests can be handled. 5. Client layer: AdventNe supports both Java client and HTML Web access client. The Java client can provide a consistent user experience and supports TCP, RMI, and HTTP transports while the Web access client supports HTTP and HTTPS. Some of the project tools offered by AdventNet for Web NMS are: Web NMS License Administration Tool: To generate license for applications built over Web NMS. License can be implemented for function level granu- larity (i.e., license for using specific functions in the NMS), and the license can be for a trial or registered version. Web NMS Rebranding Tool: OEMs using AdventNet as a framework may opt to rebrand the final application built on AdventNet framework for which this tool can be used. Web NMS Test Suite: This test suite provides the test environment and facili- tates automated testing of AdventNet Web NMS based applications. Web NMS TMF EMS Pack: Interface module that implements TMF 513/814 northbound CORBA support for interaction with EMS. 13.4 HP OpenView OpenView was a product of Hewlett Packard. It can be used for network, system, data, application, and service mana