rared (IrDA) Virtual Local Area Network Voice over Internet Protocol VoWLAN Voice over Wireless Local Area Network Virtual Private Network Wireless Application Environment Wireless Application Protocol Wireless Distribution System Wired Equivalent Privacy WIGWAM Wireless Gigabit With Advanced Multimedia Support WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access Wireless Internet Service Provider Wireless Local Area Network Glossary Wireless Metropolitan Area Network Wi-Fi Multimedia Wi-Fi Protected Access Wireless Personal Area Network Wireless Regional Area Network Wireless Robust Authenticated Protocol Wireless USB generic Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL, etc.) Networking and Wireless Networking Glossary Access Point: A wireless networking device that acts as a wireless hub and typically connects a wireless LAN to a wired network or to the Internet. Ad-hoc Mode: A wireless networking mode, also referred to as peer-to-peer mode or peer-to-peer networking, in which wireless enabled devices communicate with each other directly, without using an access point as a communication hub. See also Infrastructure Mode. Adaptive Burst Profiling: In adaptive burst profiling, transmission parameters such as modulation and coding schemes are adjusted on a frame by frame basis to meet the needs of individual client stations. This is a key element of the 802.16 MAC that provides flexibility for a wide range of services and devices in metropolitan area networking. Adaptive Frequency Hopping (AFH): Adaptive Frequency Hopping limits the channels used by a frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) device to avoid channels being used by other co-located devices. AFH is applied in the 2.4 GHz ISM band to enable Bluetooth and Wi-Fi devices to co-operate without interference. Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL): ADSL is one of the number of technologies that enables higher bandwidth over standard copper Chapter Sixteen telephone lines. ADSL can achieve data rates of 640 kbps in the uplink and 9 Mbps in the downlink direction, with