 or to dynamically reroute traffic in the event of failures. Control plane functions of the access network controller can also be complex. One of the control plane functions is supplying event data into the ONAP DCAE system. In some cases, access event data are pushed up through the SDN controller to the data collection systems, while in other cases, access events may be pushed directly to the data collection systems by the network elements where low-latency real-time processing is critical. 11.4.10 OPEN ACCESS NETWORK SOFTWARE Just as open hardware specifications play a key role in achieving the benefits of the new architecture, open interfaces and open source software also plays a key role. Open interfaces are a critical compo- nent of the access network because they enable interoperability across multiple types of hardware, as well as between multiple hardware and software suppliers. As the new access architecture disag- gregates software functions, open source software will be a key component. Open source software will provide multiple benefits, including the following: Community contributions for features and enhancements Elimination of duplicated development efforts, thus decreasing industry costs Common reference software for silicon and hardware developers Common software across a variety of suppliers to optimize interworking and integration functions Some key open software components for the access network will include Industry standardization of YANG models for access network elements NETCONF for management communication of the network devices Network Access Protocols for control plane communication between the access device and SDN controllers REST for communication between access-related applications It should be noted that the use of open interfaces and open source software do not necessarily imply specific commercial or support models. However, it will be critical to ensure that modifica- tions and customizations of key software elements and models are incorporated back into source code to avoid the