hree new areas of enhancement: Service-based architecture (SBA): The 5GCN is built on the principle that the 5G system will support a wide range of services that demand different characteristics and performance. Hence, the architecture is kept modular, customizable, and flexible to adopt future requirements and scale. For example, SBA uses API-based interfaces that allow services to be dynamically discovered, network entities to be added, and network services to be added without impacting any aspects of the system. The 5GCN is designed to use new technologies such as Network Function Virtualiz- ation (NFV) and Software-Defined Networks (SDN) to make it more agile and flexible to deploy. Network slicing: One of the most critical aspects of 5G is to support multiple service types on a common physical network infrastructure. A network slice can be defined as a logical virtual network instance that meets an individual performance need for an identified user, service, or customer using the common network infrastructure. Resources can be dedicated to a single slice or shared between slices without compromising their associated requirements of data flow isola- tion, quality of service, bandwidth, latency, jitter, independent billing and charging, and SO forth. Control and user plane separation (CUPS): 3GPP defined CUPS in Release 14 as a founda- tion technology to address time-critical (low-latency) use cases. To deliver latency-sensitive ap- plications successfully, it is necessary to bring the application functions to deliver the service much closer to the end user. The CUPS architecture allows operators to flexibly place these functions wherever needed to support time-sensitive applications without affecting the functionality of the core network. The control plane functions can still be deployed in the centralized location, while the user plane functions (delivering the service) can be placed closer to the end user. With 5G adopting an SBA, it is simpler to achieve a cloud-native distributed architecture with CUPS. R