S) block controls and generates management messages and data associated with MBS; Service flow and connection management block allocates Station Identifier (STID) and Flow Identifiers (FIDs) during access/handover service flow creation procedures. The medium access control functional group, on the control plane, includes functional blocks which are related to physical layer and link controls such as: PHY control block performs PHY signaling such as ranging, channel quality measurement/ feedback (CQI), and HARQ ACK or NACK signaling; Control signaling block generates resource allocation messages such as advanced medium access protocol, as well as specific control signaling messages; Sleep mode management block handles sleep mode operation and generates management messages related to sleep operation, and may communicate with the scheduler block in order to operate properly according to sleep period; Quality-of-service block performs rate control based on QoS input parameters from connection management function for each connection; Scheduling and resource multiplexing block schedules and multiplexes packets based on properties of connections. The MAC functional group on the data-plane includes functional blocks such as: Fragmentation/packing block performs fragmentation or packing of MAC Service Data Units (MSDU) based on input from the scheduling and resource multiplexing block; Automatic Repeat Request block performs MAC ARQ function. For ARQ-enabled connections, a logical ARQ block is generated from fragmented or packed MSDUs of the same flow and sequentially numbered; MAC protocol data unit formation block constructs MAC PDU (MPDU) such that BS/MS can transmit user traffic or management messages into PHY channels. The IEEE 802.16m protocol structure is similar to that of the IEEE 802.16, with some additional functional blocks in the control-plane for new features including the following: Relay functions enable relay functionalities and packet routing in relay networks. Self organization and self-optimization fun