mportant parameters for all wireless devices with small antennas, including 3GPP LTE terminals and small base stations. It will also describe how, using a multiport network analyzer, © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Long Term Evolution: 3GPP LTE Radio and Cellular Technology diversity gain and MIMO capacity can be measured directly in the Rayleigh envi- ronment in about 1 minute, compared to hours or more using other technolo- gies. The first repeatable system throughput measurements in a reflective reference environment (i.e., the reverberation chamber) will be described. The chapter will end by describing several new ways of measuring 3GPP LTE parameters and tech- nologies mainly simulated in software today because real-life measurements (e.g., drives tests) are too complicated and time consuming. However, many of these parameters, such as MU-MIMO, opportunistic scheduling, and multibase station handover, should be easy to measure in the reverberation chamber. Basic Properties of Reverberation Chambers The reverberation chamber [7] has been used for EMC testing of radiated emis- sions and immunity for about three decades. It is basically a metal cavity that is sufficiently large to support many resonant modes, and it is provided with means to stir the modes SO that a statistical field variation appears. It has been shown that the reverberation chamber represents a multipath environment similar to what we find in urban and indoor environments. Therefore, during recent years it has been developed as an accurate instrument for measuring desired radiation properties for small antennas as well as active mobile terminals designed for use in environments with multipath propagation. When a signal is transmitted from a base station to a mobile terminal in a com- plex environment, the signal will take different wave paths because large, smooth objects between the antennas will cause reflections, edges on objects will cause dif- fraction, and small irregular objects will cause scattering of the waves originating from