robability of, 63 datagram routing method, 318, 319. See also TDMA, 470 internet datagram delay distortion, 33 data-link connection identifier (DLCI), 331, 333, delay equalizer, 276 delay spread, 472 data-link layers delay time, 52 INDEX demand-assigned multiple access (DAMA), 220, digital systems, multipath fading and, 465 222-223 digital telephony, data transmission versus, demodulation, 29 387-388 dependent variables, 604 digital television, 417-423 design loop, 98 bit rate reduction, 418-420 length of, 100 coding schemes, 417-418 desirable frequency bands, satellite communication, MPEG-2 compression technique, 420-423 219-220 PCM signal development, 418 destination address, 316 digital-to-analog conversion, 118 destination address field, MAC frame, 302 digital transmission, 29. See also analog-channel destination-controlled transmitters, 335 digital transmission destination point code (DPC), 373 advantages of, 107 destination points, 365 binary, 19 destination service access point (DSAP), 298, 299f of CATV signals, 447-448 DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), 357 digital TV system, 16-channel, 448f "dial-switch" (telephone), 92 digital voice channel, bit rate reduction of, 468 dial tone delay, 14 dimensioning, 56 dielectric, 244 efficiency and, 63-66 dielectric constants, 590 of trunks, 61, 62 dielectric strength, 590 dimensioning traffic paths, 56 differential gain, 410, 414-415 direct burial fiber-optic cable, 235f differential phase, 410, 415 direct current (dc), 576. See also dc entries diffraction, 465 direct current circuits, resistance in, 33 digital circuits, 387, 388 direct progressive control, 71, 73 digital communication, by satellite, 228-229 direct route, 178, 181 digital data waveforms, 264-265 direct route connectivity, 7 digital hierarchies, international, 125f direct sequence spread spectrum, correlation in, digital links, fade margin in, 213 474-476 digital loop carrier (DLC) design, 101-102 disassociated channel signaling, 162-163 digital loop carrier method, 128 discard eligibility 