e time, and the downlink transmission does not happen all the time in TDD. Also, the spatial beam direction changes constantly. Therefore, a statistical model would provide a more practical measurement of the real EMF values. We performed 3GPP-compliant system simulations considering that the EMF is averaged in the time and spatial domains assuming a full buffer traffic model. The results show that the averaged beamforming gain is much less when compared to the maximum achievable gain. The averaged transmitted power is 20-30% of the peak value. The required compliance distances are shown in Table 8.1 and are nearly half the distances computed with the traditional method. More details can be found from [1-3] (Figure 8.10). Network Synchronization and Coordination Requirements Most LTE networks globally use FDD technology. The importance of TDD is increasing, with a growing number of TD-LTE networks and with 5G utilizing TDD technology at 2.6 and 3.5 GHz. TDD technology brings new requirements for the deployments 8 Deployment Aspects in terms of network synchronization and inter-operator coordination. This section addresses the requirements and the solutions needed in TDD networks. While FDD networks have downlink and uplink channels on separate frequencies relatively far apart and well outside each other's band pass filters, in TDD networks they are located on the same frequency. Also, in the case of adjacent frequencies, uplink, and downlink frequencies are typically within the bandpass of each other's filters. Downlink and uplink resources are multiplexed in the time domain rather than in the frequency domain; band pass filters cannot provide the protection from downlink-to-uplink interference as they do in FDD networks. As base transceiver station (BTS) antennas are typically located on rooftops, there is a good chance for Line of Sight (LoS) between various other BTS antennas exist, and the path loss between antennas is expected to be very small. As the transmission and receiving takes place within the band pa