s measured by the base station (and reported back to the RNC in an RRI) Pix,CPICH = CPICH power (determined by PtxPrimaryCPICH) a = orthogonality factor Admission Decision The admission decision is done independently for the uplink and downlink and the admission control algorithm has two conditions that must be true before a new bearer can be admitted: Radio Network Planning and Optimisation 1. The current load must not be on overload area above the load target + the load offset. 2. The noncontrollable load must not be on the marginal load area above the load target. The noncontrollable load is the load that is not caused by controllable packet data users. The noncontrol- lable load is calculated from load control functionality. The noncontrollable load = the total measured load - the load of controllable packet data users. If the radio bearer is admitted the admission control reports the load chance to load control functionality and the radio bearer is established. The admission control sets the initial SIR target and minimum and maximum SIR target values for the outer loop power control. It also sets the initial transmission power. The allowed Transport Format Combination Sets (TFCS) used by the packet scheduler is also determined by admission control. 2.9 Radio Network Optimisation 2.9.1 GSM Radio Network Optimisation Process Once some hundreds of sites are on air, it becomes necessary to perform optimisation on the network in order to maximise benefits while minimising capital and operation costs for operators. This section, in fact, deals with all aspects of optimising a GSM network starting from standard operations and ending with specific trials, studies and fine-tuning. Before the network is commercially launched, the radio network optimisation process starts and then continues during the life of the network. The main application in GSM technology is mobile telephony. Operators are worried about the quality perceived by the end user. Their competitiveness relies very closely on this aspect in parallel wit