com/media/documents/files/private-5g-networks-for-industrial-iot.pdf.Accessed Jan 2021 48. 5G-ACIA, White Paper: 5G Non-Public Networks for Industrial Scenarios (2019). https://5g- acia.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/WP_5G_NPN_2019_01.pdf. Accessed Jan 2021 49. 5G-Smart, D5.2: First Report on 5G Network Architecture Options and Assessments (2020). https://5gsmart.eu/wp-content/uploads/5G-SMART-D5.2-v1.0.pdf./ Accessed Jan 2021 50. A. Aijaz, Private 5G: the future of industrial wireless. IEEE Indust. Electron. Mag. 14(4), 136-145 (2020) 51. MulteFire, Technical Paper: A New Way to Wireless (2021). www.multefire.org/wp-content/ aploads/MulteFire-Release-1.0-whitepaper_FINAL.pdf., Accessed Nov 2021 52. 3GPP TS 23.251, Network sharing; Architecture and functional description (2020). https:// www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/23_series/23.251/. Accessed Nov 2021 53. Multefire, Cellular-based technology - LTE or 5G NR - operating in unlicensed or shared spectrum (2020). https://www.multefire.org/. Accessed Dec 2020 54. 3GPP TR 23.734, Study on Enhancement of 5G System (5GS) for Vertical and Local Area Network (LAN) Services (Release 16) (2020). https://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/ 23series/23.734/. Accessed Dec 2020 IDC, Worldwide Internet of Things Forecast Update 2020-2024 (2020). www.reportlinker. com/p05352129/Worldwide-Internet-of-Things-Forecast-Update.html./ Accessed Dec 2021 56. A.W. Dawson, M.K. Marina, F.J. Garcia, On the benefits of RAN virtualisation in C-RAN based mobile networks, in 2014 Third European Workshop on Software Defined Networks, London (2014), pp. 103-108 57. E.J. Kitindi, S. Fu, Y. Jia, A. Kabir, Y. Wang, Wireless network virtualization with SDN and C-RAN for 5G networks: requirements, opportunities, and challenges. IEEE Access 5, 19099-19115 (2017) 58. T.Q. Duong, X. Chu, H.A. Suraweera, Ultra-Dense Networks for 5G and Beyond: Modelling, Analysis, and Applications (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Hoboken, 2019) M. Alfaqawi et al. 59. H. Zhang, Y. Dong, J. Cheng, M.J. Hossain, V.C.M. Leung, Fronthaul