arge (e.g., streaming video) or very small (e.g., sensor data burst) amount of data. The 5G systems are required to manage this service variability in a resource efficient manner. All of these cases introduce new deployment requirements for indoor and outdoor, local area connectivity, high user density, wide-area connectivity, and UEs travelling at high- speed scenarios. Another aspect of 5G KPIs includes requirements for various combinations of latency and reliability, as well as higher accuracy for positioning. These KPIs are driven by support of commercial and public safety services. On the commercial side, industrial control, industrial automation, control of aerial vehicles, and the augmented/virtual reality are examples of such services. Services such as aerial vehicle control will require more precise positioning information that includes altitude, speed, and direction, in addition to planar coordinates. Support for massive connectivity brings many new requirements in addition to those for the I Introduction and Background enhanced KPIs. The expansion of connected things paradigm introduces need for significant improvements in resource efficiency in all system components (e.g., UEs, IoT devices, access network, and core network). The 5G system also targets enhancement of its capabili- ties to meet the KPIs that the emerging V2X applications require. For these advanced appli- cations, the requirements, such as data rate, reliability, latency, communication range, and speed, become more stringent. These applications have specific technical requirements that need to be addressed through sophisticated design of the 5G radio interface and the use of appropriate frequency bands in order to ensure consistent satisfaction of their requirements. 3.1 Definition of the Performance Metrics In order to quantify how certain technical solutions would affect end-user experience or what would be the 5G system performance in a desired use case, specific performance metrics are needed for evaluation. This section provides de