rion can also be used for cell reselection if the C2 criterion is not a possible option. The C1 criterion is called the criteria for path loss. The C1 value determines the selection of the cell in the idle mode. The following equation is the C1 criterion, with the parameters explained below: C1 = (RxLev - RxLevAccessMin - MAX (MSTxPower - MSTxPowerMax), 0] (2.68) where RxLev is the level of the signal received on the BCCH. This signal level is compared to the RxLevAccessMin and if lower the MS continues searching another BCCH. This test ensures that the downlink is strong enough for a proper connection. RxLevAccessMin is the minimum requirement for the received signal level in order for the MS to access the cell. In other words, the idle mode parameter RxLevAccessMin limits the cell size. Normally a signal level close to 100 dBm is required. MSTxPower is the maximum power the MS can use based on the network parameter settings. As the RxLevAccessMin limits the cell in the downlink direction the MSTxPower limits the uplink direction and cell size. MSTxPowerMax is the maximum transmission power of the MS based on its type and specified class. The C2 criterion is called the cell reselection criteria. The following is the equation for C2 and the parameters are defined below: C2 = C1 + CellReselectionOffset - TemporaryOffset* H(PenaltyTime - T) (2.69) Basically the selection for a new cell can take place after 5 seconds if the C2 value has been higher for another cell than the current one. For the C2 criterion the current cell and six strongest neighbours are compared. The neighbours are added to a comparison list and PenaltyTime is applied. In the beginning the timer T is zero until T is smaller than the Penalty Time parameter value. TemporaryOffset is used which negatively affects selection of the cell. In order to prevent cell reselections that are too fast as well as the possible ping-pong effect after previous cell selection additional criteria are applied for 15 seconds. The C2 value for the new cell has to be 5 