175 edge-to-edge measurements, 357 Distributed local controllers, 88 vPE VNF, 256-258 Distributed nature of access technology, 240 Electrical telecommunication systems, 1 Distributed protocols, 287-288 AT&T, 5-6 Distributed RAN architecture (dRAN architecture), 242 cost evolution, 3 Distributed RSVP-TE protocols, 288 LTE, 7-8 Distributed traffic engineering, 282-283 network functions, 3-4 Distributed VNF designs, 41-42 ONAP, 6-7 Distribution point unit (DPU), 229, 232 public networks, 2-3 YANG model, 233 virtualization of data-center networks, 4-5 Distribution studio, 116 Electro-optical equipment, 18 Diversion, 16 Element management system (EMS), 14, 105, 296, 336 DLP, see Data leak protection Element management system layer (EML), 374 DMA, see Direct memory access Email, 172 DMZ, 180 eMBB, see Enhanced mobile broadband DNS, see Domain Name Service Embedded measurement functions, 369 DNS as a service (DNSaaS), 303 Embedded operations channel (EOC), 233 Docker, 396 Emergency CSCF (E-CSCF), 312 Domain EML, see Element management system layer domain-specific languages, 264 EMS, see Element management system evolution, 402-403 End-to-end service path, 342 Index End user identities, 192-193 Fast reroute (FRR), 19, 280-282 Enhanced Control, Orchestration, Management, and Fault-tolerant building blocks (FTBBs), 61 Policy (ECOMP), 58, 104 Fault-tolerant/tolerance, 56, 61-62 Enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), 244 features, 63 Enhanced packet core (EPC), 253 hot VM replication, 76 Enterprise passive VM replication, 77 CPE, 16-17 VM designs, 76 dedicated Internet service, 252 warm VM replication, 77 Internet, 258 Fault configuration, accounting, performance, and security IT managers, 203 (FCAPS), 47, 107, 319, 373 Enterprise networks, 16, 201 Fault/event correlation, 123 DPI and visibility, 217 Fault management, see Corrective maintenance evolution of network complexity, 202-203 FCAPS, see Fault configuration, accounting, performance, memory and storage resources, 214 and security network management and orchestration, 214-2