 management, performance management, fault management, and file management toward the O-RU. Control, user and synchronization plane (CP, UP, SP) specification. This specifies the control plane, user plane, and synchronization plane protocols used to link the distributed unit (DU) with radio unit (RU) assuming a functional split 7, covering both LTE and 5G/NR. Note that the control plane refers specifically to real-time control between O-DU and O-RU and not the 3GPP Control Plane. Fronthaul interoperability test specification. This specifies test scenarios to be implemented to confirm interoperability between DU and RU implementations of different vendors. This specification includes several standardized Interoperability and Test (IoT) profiles. The specification covers M-Plane and CU-Planes, including topics such as beamforming, compression, and latency. Working Group 5: Open F1/W1/E1/X2/Xn Interface Workgroup WG5 owns the definition of mid/backhaul interfaces, like how WG4 owns the fronthaul interface. Deliverables include: 01 interface specification. The 01 interface links the DU with central unit (CU) and Service Management and Orchestration. This interface defines initialization, configuration, and management of the DU, including "start-up" installation, software management, configuration management, performance management, fault management, and file management toward the O-RU. Like the WG4 MP specification for RU, a YANG module is used for DU definition. Mid/backhaul IoT specification. Working Group 6: Cloudification and Orchestration Workgroup WG6 addresses Cloudification and Orchestration in O-RAN. WG6 identifies use cases that demonstrate the benefits from hardware/software decoupling (cloudification), including RIC, DU, CU, and RU. It also defines deployment scenarios, requirements, and reference designs for the cloud platform, including the Network Function Virtualization Infrastructure (infrastructure), Virtualized Infrastructure Manager (VIM) for container/VM orchestration, and Accelerator Abstraction