n mobile networks. Fiber networks also carry traffic from cellular networks to the Internet. Cloud computing is the main reason for the growing demand for capacity on fiber networks. Most students, residential customers, corporations and governments use cloud computing to access some or all of their applications. Fiber-optic networks connect much of the world to applications located in the cloud. Demand for capacity on networks is expected to continue growing as more organizations, developing countries, individuals, www.TechnicalPDF.com and governments use cloud-based applications and stream movies and television shows. In an interview, Geoff Bennett, Director of Solutions and Technology at the fiber-optic networking company Infinera, stated: Nothing else has the transmission capacity of optical fiber, and that's why fiber powers the Internet. There is no technology on the horizon that could replace it. Information Content Providers: Heavy Users of Fiber Google, Amazon, Microsoft, and Facebook are information content providers. Information content providers generate enormous amounts of traffic over fiber-optic networks in locations worldwide. Information content providers build and operate massive data centers connected to high-bandwidth fiber-optic networks that carry streams of data to and from millions of subscribers. The data centers are connected to other information content providers' data centers as well as to the Internet. Facebook operates its data centers in much of the world. Two of its data centers are located in Lulea, a city on the northern coast of Sweden. The data centers in Lulea are linked to each other by fiber-optic networks as well as to a network of Facebook data centers throughout Europe. Infinera built these fiber-optic networks for Facebook. Other fiber-optic providers in addition to Infinera are Ciena, Huawei, and Nokia. Nearness to customers to minimize delays and assure the availability of power are two of the criteria information providers consider when selecting locations for their d