July 29, 2003 (http://telephonyonline.com/ar/telecom_att_ strings_line/ [August 2003]). Notes to Pages 83-88 10. Data on interstate revenue per conversation minute are not available before 1992, and terminating access minutes are not available for 2003. I assume that the elasticity of demand with respect to interstate and international rates is -0.75 and that the elasticity with respect to GDP and population is 1.0. 11. If the estimate of diversion of switched interstate access minutes is correct, the FCC's reported interstate and international revenues per minute are overstated for the period after 1995. By 1999 this overstatement would be 12 percent, or about 0.9 cents per interstate minute and 1.3 cents per interstate and international minute. 12. The Herfindahl-Hirschman index of concentration for long-distance carriers fell from 4074 in 1992 to 2315 in 2001. See FCC, Statistics of the Long-distance Telecommuni- cations Industry, 4th quarter 1998 and 2003. 13. The AT&T decree divided the country into 161 local access and transport areas (LATAs). The divested Bell companies were not allowed to provide service between LATAs if the service originated in their home region. 14. It is puzzling that AT&T Wireless launched this new pricing given that the nation- wide bundles would compete with its own fixed-line long-distance business. One would have thought that Cingular, Verizon, or Nextel would have been the first to offer such plans, not AT&T. 15. See the CTIA website, www.ctia.org/news_media/news/index.cfm/AID/10030 Wireless revenues nearly doubled in the three years following AT&T's introduction of its One-Rate Plan, and roaming revenue growth slowed in 1998-2000, then declined in 2001. 16. Recall that these rates may have actually been somewhat lower because of an under- stated denominator in the FCC's calculation. 17. For similar conclusions, see the analysis of changes in long-distance rates and effect of competition on rates in Paul W. MacAvoy, The Failure of Antitrust and Regulation to Establish Competitio