en by the higher layer parameters scramblingID0 and scramblingIDI in the DMRS-UplinkConfig information element, respectively. The parame- ter NSCID E{0,1} may be signaled through the DM-RS initialization field of DCI format 0_1, otherwise, NSCID [6]. The sequence r'DM-RS(n) is mapped to an intermediate quantity bill according k = 4n + 2k' + A for DMR-RS Type 1 and k + k' + A for DMR-RS Type 2, and k' = 0, 1; l=1+1'; n E N; p = 0, ,NAP - 1 [6]. The spreading sequences wf(k'), wt(l)), and the offset A are given in Table 4.22 [6]. The intermediate quantity is precoded and multiplied with the amplitude scaling factor DM-RS QPUSCH in order to adjust the transmit power of the reference signals and are then mapped to the physical resources according to In the latter equation, W is the precoding matrix, 594 Chapter 4 Table 4.22: Parameters for PUSCH DM-RS Types 1 and 2 [6]. CDM Group wf(k') wt(I') k' = 0 k' = 1 DM-RS Type 1 DM-RS Type 2 it is assumed that the resource elements b(p,H are within the common resource blocks allo- cated for PUSCH transmission. It is further assumed that the reference point for the fre- quency index k is subcarrier 0 in common resource block 0; the reference point for time index l and the position lo of the first DM-RS symbol depends on the mapping type, that is, for PUSCH mapping type A, l is defined relative to the start of the slot, if frequency hopping is disabled; otherwise, it is measured relative to the start of each hop, and lo is given by the higher layer parameter For PUSCH mapping type B, l is defined rela- tive to the start of the scheduled PUSCH resources, if frequency hopping is disabled and rel- ative to the start of each hop otherwise and lo = 0 [6]. In other words, the pseudo-random sequence corresponding to DM-RS Type 1 is mapped to every second subcarrier in the frequency domain over the OFDM symbol assigned to DM-RS transmission. As shown in Table 4.22, antenna ports 0 and 1 are associated with CDM group 0 and mapped to even-numbered subcarriers and are separated in the cod