timedia Networking Requirements Digital Video Television Standards Contents The Broadband Infrastructure Converging Public Infrastructures Broadband Service Requirements Next-Generation Networks and Convergence Convergence in Different Industry Segments Arguments for Convergence Regulatory Effects on Convergence Converging Public Infrastructures Convergence in the Service Environment The Next-Generation Network Infrastructure The IP Multimedia Subsystem The Next-Generation Network Architecture The Multiservice Intelligent Edge Quality of Service The MPLS Architecture Chapter 11 Optical Networking Optical Networking Today and Tomorrow Drivers of Optical Networking Network Reality Today Bandwidth Abundance End-to-End Optical Networking Optical Line Amplifiers: EDFAs, Raman Amplifiers, and SOAs WDM Equipment OADMs Optical Switches Integrated Photonic Circuits Optical Network Management The Optical Edge Next-Generation Digital Loop Carriers MSPPs The Optical Core: Overlay Versus Peer-to-Peer Networking Models The Overlay Model The Peer-to-Peer Model The Overlay and Peer-to-Peer Models Compared The IP+Optical Control Plane GMPLS The Migration to Optical Networking Contents Chapter 12 Broadband Access Alternatives Drivers of Broadband Access DSL Technology How DSL Works Characteristics and Properties of DSL G.SHDSL ADSL2 ADSL2+ ADSL2-RE RADSL VDSL2 Cable TV Networks HFC Architecture Cable Modems and CMTSs Cable Modem Standards The Future of Cable TV Networks Fiber Solutions Wireless Broadband Broadband PLT PLT Architecture The Future of PLT The HAN Market, Applications, and Elements Types of HANs HAN Gateways and Servers Planning for the Future of HANs Part IV Wireless Communications Chapter 13 Wireless Communications Basics A Brief History of Wireless Telecommunications Wireless Communications Regulations Issues Wireless Impairments xviii Contents Antennas Phased-Array Antennas Magnetic Polarization Antennas MIMO Antennas Wireless Bandwidth Wireless Signal Modulation Single-Carrier Modulation Techniques Multicarrier M