guring and managing switching ES (errored seconds), 276 paths, 190-194 LOS (loss of signal), 275 fast switching, 192 OOF (out-of-frame), 275 process switching, 190-192 point-to-point meshed network, 304 defined, 11, 181 speed, 290 interrupt context switching, 184-190 troubleshooting, 279-283 process switching, 183 integrated CSU/DSUs, 282 switchport access command (IOS), 32 loopback tests, 279-282 switchport modes, 37 types of, 269 switchport nonegotiate command (IOS), T1 Bit Error Rate Detector (T-Berd), 267 disabling DTP, 37 T1 networks, 3 switchport port-security command, 238 T3, DS3 VS., 288 switchport port-security maximum TACACS+, 354 command, 239 differences from RADIUS, 354 switchport port-security violation server groups command, 240 custom, 356 switchport priority extend command, 245 default, 355 switchport trunk allowed command use by method list, 358 (IOS), 39 tacacs-server command, 355 switchport trunk pruning vlan command tag tag# keyword, using with redistribute command, 142 (IOS), 52 add and remove keywords, using, 53 tagging of frames to be sent over a trunk, 34 switchport trunk pruning vlan except vlan-id 802.10 frames, 36 command (IOS), 54 ISL frames, 35 switchport voice vlan command, 245 tagging routes (see route tags) synchronous optical network (SONET), 266 T-Berd (T1 Bit Error Rate Detector), 267 syslog server, sending PIX firewall logs T-carrier, 266 TCP, 419 to, 389 Index TCP/IP, XV translations packets, 10 PIX firewall, 391 TDM (time-division multiplexing), 267,273 port translation using SLB, 400 telecom transmit load (txload), 441 glossary, 254-267 transmitting (TX) line, half- and full-duplex introduction and history, 253 links, 21 Telnet, 419 transparent (VTP mode), 45 bandwidth requirements in QoS CatOS, 50 scheme, 434 setting on IOS switch, 50 in class maps, 436 transparent mode (PIX firewall), 379 giving priority over all other traffic, 420 trie, 188 QoS priority, 432 CEF forwarding table, 189 telnet command, 388 triggered updates, 112 Terminal Access Controller Access-Control trou