verage. In addition to user acceptance, infection control is a major concern when any hospital deploys new technologies. All keyboards, mice, scanners, and tablet computers need to be protected by rubberized covers to eliminate any nooks and crannies in which bacteria can form. This also permits these devices to be wiped down with antibacterial cleaning fluid without damaging the equipment. Hospitals are also heavily regulated in terms of security and privacy require- ments. These regulations require that all wireless devices are capable of using the centralized system that encrypts wireless transmissions. Access to patient information must be password protected. As a further protection, all web sites that hospital visitors and staff members access via the hospital's wireless and wireline networks are probed for malware SO that viruses do not contaminate the hospital network or compromise patient privacy. The security software blocks access to web sites found to have malware. Mobile and Wi-Fi Networks Managing Security on WLANs The broadcast nature of 802.11 networks makes them vulnerable to hackers. Access points continually broadcast their network's Service Set Identifier (SSID) and Wi-Fi- enabled devices respond to these broadcasts. These broadcast messages are vulnerable to eavesdroppers and can result in attempted logons by unauthorized users. Unlike wired networks, there are no natural boundaries. Thus, in apartment buildings and businesses, signals often easily leak into adjacent units and outside areas. New security standards have been ratified that provide stronger encryption and authentication. The newer standards are known as Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 (WPA2), which is a subset of the IEEE-specified 802.11i standard. Both the subset and the full standard go by the same name of WPA2. However, administering it is time-consuming and complex, and security products and outsourced services are costly. Simpler, less- complex versions are available for homes and small businesses. Four layers of security are requ