se stations, 330, 341 tors, 282 femtocell traffic bypassing, 352 carrier, distinguishing from Gigabit Ethernet base transceiver station (BTS), 324, 328 on LANs, 243 in second generation (2g) networks, 331 definition of broadband, 218 Basic-Rate Interface ISDN (BRI ISDN), 254, 257 funds established to promote universal broad- batteries band, 123 battery life for mobile devices, 358 in India, 399 Bell, Alexander Graham, 110 Internet access in Africa, 407 Bell Atlantic, 111 Internet access in Brazil, 403 evolution from RBOC to Verizon Communi- IP VPNs, 229-230 cations, 114 using between offices, 229 Bell Operating Companies (BOCs), 110, 162 managed services in conjunction with, 237 BellSouth, 111, 114 MPLS for interoffice connections, 223-228 Bezos, Jeff, 32, 289 MPLS networks, 225 Bharti Enterprises, 399 MPLS VPNs, 223 Bharti Airtel, 409, 411 multinational locations, 226 Bhart mobile provider in Africa, 406 prioritizing traffic via class of service, billing carriers' billing of each other, 208 specifying performance levels in SLAs, for mobile devices in enterprises, 355 bits, 19 offerings by telephone companies, 134 bits per second (bps), 19 over-the-top companies' competition with BitTorrent, 293 providers, 130 BlackBerry smartphones, 355, 356 overview of, 257 blades, 69 in Scandinavian countries, 413 blade servers, 72, 102 securing transmissions sent via Internet, blogs, 290 230-235 Blu-ray players, 283 support in rural, low-income and hard-to- BOCs (Bell Operating Companies), 110, 162 cable areas, 117 bonding, 203 T1 and T3, 246-250 limitations of, 204 transitioning customers to VoIP, 179 bookstores VoIP calling services over broadband, e-textbooks, 290 219-223 Bowman, Don, 11 for very small organizations, 222 bps (bits per second), 19 hosted IP Centrex service, 222 Bps (bytes per second), 20 impact on traditional carriers of VoIP Brazil, 402-407 international calling, 223 mobile providers in, 404 pre-paid, free, and low-cost services, 220 rates for mobile services, 389 BSC (base station controller), 324 Index i