 136 IP phones, 244 KVM (Keyboard Video Monitor) switch, 480 ip policy command, applying route maps to interfaces, 178 IP precedence, 423 class maps, 435 LACP (Link Aggregation Control levels, determining, 431 Protocol), 60 priority levels, 425 LANs (Local Area Networks), 3 ip reflexive-list timeout seconds defined, 4 command, 342 virtual LANs (see VLANs) ip route-cache cef command, 193 last mile, 264 ip route-cache command LATA (local access and transport area), 260 enabling fast switching, 192 late collisions, 9 IP routing table, 95-101 latency, 261 default route, 100 layer-2 loops, 10 host route, 97 layer-2 switches major network route, 99 packets crossing from one VLAN to subnet route, 98 another, 25 summary (group of subnets) route, 98 three-tier switched network (example), 43 supernet route, 100 layer-3 switches, 11, 27 ip slb command, 399 redundancy, using routing rather than ip slb serverfarm command, 399 switching for, 87 ip slb vserver command, 400 (see also multilayer switches) Index learning state (ports), 76 logging on command, 389 least-used algorithm, 399 login authentication, 356 LEC (local exchange carrier), 264 method list level of logging, specifying for logging applying, 360 destinations, 389 creating, 357 line authentication, 357 log-neighbor-changes command, EIGRP line cards, 217 installations, 119 line coding, DS3, 292 looking-glass routers, 128 channelized DS3, 297 loopback interfaces, 151 line loopback, 280, 281 adding to network routers, 153 line passwords, 343 loopback testing (T1), 279-282 lines, 343 integrated CSU/DSU WICs, 282 Link Aggregation Control Protocol testing progression, 282 (LACP), 60 loops link state advertisements (LSAs), OSPF, 122 broadcast storms and, 67-72 types of, 122 layer-2, 10 link-state routing protocols, 107 MAC address table instability, 72 EIGRP features, 117 preventing among bridges with spanning OSPF, 121 tree, 66 listening state (ports), 76 preventing with spanning tree, 73-76 LLQ (low-latency queuing), 426,428 redistribution, 140-142 configuring, 435-439 