ller. However, in order for the clustering to provide for very fast failover times, it is important that the solution is capable of maintaining the synchronization of the memory between the active and standby controllers. Network Security Security plays a key role when it comes to any field of computer science or technology. If the data can't be protected, what is the need of storing it anyway? SDN controller is expected to provide organization class authorization and authentication of the administrators. Not only this, the administrators must try to encumber/limit down the network bandwidth in a fungible way as they lock down any other traffic on the internet. As discussed earlier, the controller should maintain an air gap or isolation between all tenants. DoS, DDoS attacks are quite common on a network, SO the controller should have the ability to limit the control communications and tell the administrator of any future attacks prior to happening. Centralized Monitoring and Virtualizations Most of the times, what happens is that when the network start to degrade i.e. the network performance starts to degrade, it is noticed by the user first rather than the organization. For example, if the wifi speed plunges drastically who comes to know that first, the user or the ISP? Definitely the user. Thus, the primary reasons for degraded performance are the lack of visibility into the end-to-end network flows. Let's consider a scenario; SNMP is a very well-known tech for managing communications and networks like the MAC of the message sender. The problem of this protocol persists in scaling the network when it uses the concept of quantisation and sampling. This creates a situation where a fixed rate of sampling defines every Downloaded: 4/15/2022 9:44:49 AM Nova Southeastern University IP Address: 137.52.76.29 The Heart and Brain of SDN 1 out of N packet, thus reducing the rate of it when the traffic or network speed takes a notch up. The technique cannot offer the deep knowledge for running apps which answers the WHY o