latency. More detailed 5G performance requirements were defined by Next Generation Mobile Networks (NGMN) and by International Telecommunication Union (ITU). NGMN requirements are shown in [1] and ITU requirements in [2]. ITU refers to 5G technology as IMT-2020. The reference case for IMT-2020 is IMT-Advanced capa- bilities. IMT-Advanced requirements were met by LTE-Advanced in 2009. IMT-2020 capabilities must be substantially higher than IMT-Advanced. 5G systems start in 2019-2020, and 5G must carry the wireless traffic far beyond 2030 for a number of new use cases. 5G targets are typically up to 10 times higher than LTE-Advanced capability and up to 100 times higher in traffic density. We present a short summary of the targets here: end user performance targets are shown in Table 10.1, system design targets in Table 10.2, and other targets in Table 10.3. More detailed 5G targets are described in Chapter 2. The target is to provide a minimum of 1 Gbps practical data rates in indoor cases, 300 Mbps in dense areas, and 50 Mbps everywhere. The target is also to provide ultra-low-cost broadband with a data rate of 10 Mbps. The latency target is set to 1 ms for the most demanding cases and 10 ms for other cases. The required traffic density is Table 10.2 System performance targets. Connection Indoor: 75 per 1000 m² office density Dense area: 2500/km2 Crowd: 30 000 per stadium Everywhere: 400/km2 suburban and 100/km2 rural Ultra-low-cost broadband: 16/km2 Airplanes: 80/plane Traffic density Indoor: 15 Gbps downlink and 2 Gbps uplink in 1000 m² office Dense area: 750 Gbps downlink and 125 Gbps uplink in km2 Crowd: 0.75 Gbps downlink and 1.5 Gbps uplink in stadium Everywhere: 20 Gbps in downlink and 10 Gbps uplink in km2 Ultra-low-cost broadband: 16 Mbps/km2 Airplanes: 1.2 Gbps downlink and 0.6 Gbps uplink per plane 10.2 Peak Data Rates Table 10.3 Other targets. Device power efficiency Smartphone battery life three days Low-cost IoT device battery life 15 years Network energy efficiency 1000 times more traffic than toda