ns. 3. Management and Application layer: Service orchestration, management, and exposure work here. All these jobs are expected to be more competent without unnecessary manual interventions. Some procedures should be processed Service Delivery Platforms An Open API Application Platform self- self- configuring optimizing Management and Service Exposure Autonomous Application Layer self- Service Orchestration and self-healing protecting Management Telecom Services and Service Enablers self- self- configuring optimizing Service/Business Autonomous Layer self- Service Creation and self-healing protecting Execution Telecom Network Abstraction Self-Aware Network Layer Access Networks and Telecom Networks Figure 6.6 An intelligent and cognitive service delivery platform model. (Zheng, Y., Lu, H.-H., and Sun, Y.-F. The 2nd International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application, Vol. 3, pp. 137-140. © 2008 IEEE.) autonomously and safely. The ability of being autonomous is the best choice to integrate with. For example, considering self-healing and self-protecting, the whole system would achieve higher fault-tolerance and be more robust with their supports. An Open API platform can also be deployed and work- ing here, which is needed to be autonomous. These three layers clearly integrate all layers of NGSDP with parts of cognitive functions. It does not mean that there is only one unique convergence pattern. There may be different combinations according to different requirements. But they have one characteristic in common, that is, all of them are intelligent and cognitive which will directly lead to an autonomous platform as a result. Unnecessary man- ual interventions will be replaced by cognitive analysis and intelligent processes. Meanwhile, the Open API application platform allows third parties and individuals Overview of Cognitive NGSDP Model to develop their applications according to flexible open rules, which will expand shares of service developers and providers. 6.3.4.2 Theories and Technologie