on single- byte-error-correction (SbEC), with cyclic redundany check (CRC) codes. The RS codes used are the (26,24) and (45,43) codes over GF(2). Reed-Solomon codes are also used with cyclic codes constructed systematically for correcting burst errors (Fire codes) in these applications. The technique of interleaving may be visualized as a procedure in which the encoded data are loaded into a matrix by rows and then written by columns. The read operation loads the matrix by columns and shifts the information out to the decoder by rows. In this manner, a burst error becomes a distributed set of seemingly random single bit errors. Reed-Solomon codes were used as the error correction provision in the architecture of Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks (RAID) technique of distributing data among multiple storage devices to achieve high bandwidth, and low cost disk storage. More recently, the technique has been used to design multiprocessor and network memory systems with high reliability and bandwidth, and to design fast distributed checkpointing systems. Such implementations are termed RAID-like systems. [Plank97] The third class of error detection and correction applications addresses the unique error conditions in which the errors are asymmetric or unidirectional. Unidirectional errors are defined as a class of errors where the mode of the all errors within a codeword are of the same nature, either all ones transitioned to zeroes, or all zeroes transitioned to ones, but the sense of the errors may change from one codeword to the next. Asymmetric errors are defined as the condition in which all codewords have the same error characteristics, such as always ones transitioned to zeroes, and the sense of the errors is known a priori. Detection and correction applied to read-only-memories (ROM) is one example in which a fault has the potential to produce only one form or error condition. Very specific techniques which exploit these characteristics of the error conditions are utilized in the development of EDAC strategi