could not only cause heavy revenue and reputation impact for the CSP but also lead to loss of human life in the case of mission-critical applications. According to a survey by Uptime Institute (https: ://journal.uptimeinstitute.com/outages-understanding-the- - human factor/), 70% of data center outages are due to human error. Hence, automation can eradicate this almost entirely. You may state that automation frameworks also fail and can have bugs, which is a fair point, but by having proper checks and failure handling, a lot of these road bumps can be evened out. Reduces network failure downtime: This is a direct consequence of network automation. Automation of configuration updates and software or firmware upgrades can not only reduce the chances of human error resulting in network failures but also complete the job much faster than when done manually. The automated procedures can also have a provision of a dry run that not only checks the script and commands/actions to be completed beforehand but also helps in checking the sanity of the environment and collecting statistics to capture the snapshot of the environment before applying changes. This way, the pre- and post-change KPIs can be compared to check the health before and after the network update. The automated infrastructure monitors the KPIs continuously after the update and can also perform a rollback in case of performance degradation. The following table shows some of the KPIs needed for different use cases in 5G. 5G performance Minimum KPI requirement Category requirement type Peak Data Rate Downlink: 20 Gbps Uplink: 10 Gbps Peak Spectral Efficiency Downlink: 30 bits/sec/Hz Uplink: 15 bits/sec/Hz Data Rate Experienced by User Downlink: 100 Mbps Uplink: 50 Mbps Area Traffic Capacity Downlink: 10 Mbits/sec/ m2 in indoor hotspot (eMBB test environment) Latency (User Plane) 4 ms for eMBB eMBB, URLLC 1 ms for URLLC Latency (User Plane) 20 ms eMBB, URLLC (10 ms encouraged) Connection Density 1 X 106 devices/Km2 Automation infrastructure in 5G Average Spectr