re higher received power level to obtain the expected quality. Thus, in this scenario diversity does help to maintain the received power level constant, thereby allowing a lower average received power level to provide the required quality of service. 8.2.1.2 Power Control in Handover (HO) Before we discuss power control in HO, we briefly review the HO types. The two types of HO in our FDD mode include Softer and Soft HO. If we define power rise as the relative average transmission power in a fading channel compared to the non- fading, while the received power level is the same both in fading and in non-fading channels with ideal power control. Resource and Network Management 8.2.1.2.1 Softer Handover As illustrated in Figure 8.2 softer HO occurs when a MS passes through the overlapping coverage of two adjacent sectors of a BS. Communications between the BS and MS take place concurrently through two channels (i.e. one to each sector or cell). The con- current links use 2 separate DL codes SO the signals are perceived by the rake receiver and processed as in multi-path reception, but with the rake fingers generating the corre- sponding code for each sector. Sector A Sector B The MS gets same signal from both sectors Figure 8.2 Softer handover event. A similar process occurs in the UL, each BS sector receives the MS code, which gets routed to the same rake receiver for maximal ratio combining. In softer HO we have only one power control loop active per connection. Softer HO events do not exceed 16% of established links, and in the UL we do not use additional resources except for the extra rake fingers. Neither does the BS need to pro- vide additional DL transmission power to complete the softer HO process. 8.2.1.2.2 Soft Handover In soft handover, a MS passes through the overlapping cell coverage area of two sec- tors, which correspond to different BSs, e.g. BS-a and BS-b as illustrated in Figure 8.3. Communications between the MS and BS occurs concurrently through two different channels, i.e. one from each BS. The 