5. Recap and Future Outlook This chapter will primarily focus on eight topics - summarizing what has been discussed SO far, justifying the enhanced mobile communications model presented in Chapter 1, discussing 4G, briefly describing the key industry trends namely Infrastructure Network Sharing, Convergence of Media and Mobile, Connecting the Next Billion Users and Renewal Energy for this industry, and finally providing a 30 000 foot view on the future of mobile communications. Chapter Recap This section very briefly highlights the key aspects presented in Chapters 2-12. The key aspects of Chapter 2 OFDM and OFDMA were: Overview of the multi carrier modulation technique OFDM and multiple access technique OFDMA which is present in both newer 3G (LTE and WiMAX) and has been proposed for future 4G (IMT- Advanced) systems. Principles of OFDM and its pros and cons. Benefits of OFDMA over CDMA and TDMA. The key aspects of Chapter 3 3GPP Evolved Packet System were: E-UTRAN (3G-LTE) radio air interface Key features of various 3GPP Releases (from Rel.-99 to Rel. 10) Key attributes (QoS, Smart Antennas, etc.) of LTE Performance of LTE, EPS overall architecture and its roadmap Attributes of LTE-Advanced. The key aspects of Chapter 4 IEEE 802.16 Wimax were: WiMAX air interface standard Advanced features of WiMAX Performance of WiMAX WiMAX network reference model Integration of WiMAX with WiFi and use of femtocells WiMAX certification process, forecast and WiMAX roadmap. Next Generation Mobile Communications Ecosystem: Technology Management for Mobile Communications Saad Z. Asif © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 978-0-470-74746-9 Next Generation Mobile Communications Ecosystem The key aspects of Chapter 5 3GPP2 CDMA2000 1x EV-DO were: Characteristics of the different revisions Rev. 0, Rev. A and Rev. B of EV-DO Highlights of UMB and CDMA450 Comparative performance of EV-DO Migration to LTE. The key aspects of Chapter 6 IEEE 802.20 Mobile-Fi were: Overview of the MBWA radio technology MBWA network performance and architectu