to bring the CPU load below the threshold. CHAPTER 1 NETWORK PLANNING Long Duration Testing Long duration tests are mainly stability tests, wherein the eNodeB/sector will be tested with calls that last for 48 to 72 hours. Some of the tests that fall under this category are: Single UE with UL/DL non-GBR data without any mobility and no change in channel condition observed for 72 hours (full throughput test). Single UE with UL/DL GBR data without any mobility and no change in channel condition observed for 72 hours. Single UE with UL/DL non-GBR moving at 3 kmph speed in a circle for 48 hours. Multiple stationary UEs with data transmission or reception of similar QoS class identifier (QCI) observed for 72 hours. Stability tests for UE using TM4 for DL transmission. Stability tests for a mix of UEs working under different transmission modes and engaged in data. An application server integrated with Iperf will be required to simulate constant UL/DL data at a desired rate. For multiple UE simulations, simulation tools can be used, and for simulation of UE speed and fading to test stability at different modulations, channel emulators can be used between the UE and the sector under test. EMS should be connected to the eNodeB to observe and monitor the KPIs. CPU load and memory consumption should be monitored as well during the course of the test. Summary This chapter covered the various phases in radio network planning, the parameters that can impact the different phases of planning, the essence of capacity and coverage planning, the various modes of deployment, and verification tests and steps for a deployment that a specialist should perform. Most of these topics are technology independent (i.e., the steps and goals would remain similar irrespective of 2G, 3G, or 4G deployment), however, the targets, especially in terms of KPIs, will be different because the throughput KPI targets in LTE will be much larger in comparison with the targets in 3G. The following chapter will introduce you to the concept of a Self-organizin