building applications with SIP, 192 CMS (Call Management Server), busy tones, 10 PacketCable, 203 BYE requests, 125 CMSS (Call Management Server Signalling ), 203 COMETs (preConditions MET), 174 conferencing, 214 decentralized multipoint conferencing, 217 cable modems, PacketCable, 202 multicast, 215 call connection process, 10 connections, IP, 37 call stateful proxy servers, 127 end-system intelligence, 38 Call-ID headers, SIP requests, 135 high availability, 39 caller preferences, SIP extensions, 177-179 Contact headers, SIP requests, 136 CANCEL transactions, 148 Control plane, 8 CANCEL requests, 123-124 controlled load, integrated services, IP, 75 CAS (Channel Associated Signalling), 20 coordinating bodies of the Internet, 46 CBTs (Core-Based Trees), 68 CSCFs (Call/Session Control Functions), 194 CCP (Connection Control Protocol), 91 Csec headers, SIP requests, 137-138 CCS (Common Channel Signalling), 21 Central Battery systems, 9 circuit-switched domains, 3G mobile systems, 193 circuit-switched networks, 2-3 datagrams control plane, 8 differences from virtual circuits, 34 exchanges, 5 dynamic routing, 35 fully meshed, 3 routing, 32 signalling, 8 DC analog phone systems, 10 star topology, 4 DDS-1 (Digital Subscriber Line No. 1), 19 strengths, 6 decentralized multipoint conferences, 217 switches, 4 delay terminals, 6 digital transmission, 14-15 user plane, 8 packets, 32 weaknesses, 7 virtual circuits, 35 Index Dense mode, multicast routing end-to-end protocols, 41 protocols, 65-66 entities, 98 descriptions, SIP sessions, 108 establishing SIP sessions, 94, 108 designing establishment delay, 7, 35 protocols, IETF guidelines, 42-44 event notification framework, SIP SIP extensions, 163 extensions, 179-180 DiffServ (Differentiated Services), 79 exchanges digital signalling systems, 17 amplifiers, 14 access signalling, 18 local, 5 DSS-1, 19 expedited forwarding, PHBs, 80 DTMF tones, 18 extensions, SIP, 165 NNI, 18 asynchronous event notification, 179 trunk signalling, 18-21 automatic UA configuration, 172-173 UNI, 18