telephone calls. Intrastate revenue and interstate revenue funded the monopoly. Part of the breakup was the establishment of more than 200 LATAs to implement the local access provisions of the consent decree. The local exchange companies could only carry traffic within the LATA, effect- lively maintaining their monopoly. Inter-exchange carriers carried traffic between the LATAs. Intrastate matters remained the domain of the state PUC, while interstate services continued under FCC jurisdiction. From a practical standpoint, this new arrangement took time to understand and get used to. Each inter-exchange carrier established one or sometimes more points of presence (POP) in each LATA. These POPs continue to exist and provide access points in the LATA where they terminate and pick up traffic. Ordering and provisioning service under the new way of doing business with the telephone company became something of a night- mare. If you were a consumer or small business requiring a single telephone line all of a sudden you were required to order local service from one source-the local exchange service provider who could not offer long distance service-and a long distance service provider who could not offer local service. No more one-stop service and, worse yet, two bills to pay at the end of the month where there used to be only one. Worse yet, those who had never experienced the joy of shopping for a telephone instrument could delay that for a while; however, avoiding paying exorbitant prices in a third monthly bill for equipment was impossible. PRACTICAL IP AND TELECOM FOR BROADCAST ENGINEERING AND OPERATIONS The other extreme represented by large businesses with multiple sites requiring service had the opposite kind of challenge. Before the break-up, many large businesses were served by a centralized group of people, typically located physically close to corporate head- quarters and in many cases fully dedicated to serving the account. All of a sudden the former account management group had broken up into multiple groups