e called KPIs. In that regard, Chapter 7 covered KPIs for real-time services (e.g. voice, IPTV), KPIs for data services (i.e. for IAS), and VPNs, as well as KPIs for smart sustainable city services. The chapter COV- ered broadband QoS measurement frameworks, as well as assessment methodologies (including objective and subjective assessment). Further, it gave a view into available quality measurement tools and platforms such as M-Lab, RIPE Atlas, and SamKnows. Chapter 8 focused on network neutrality, which refers to open Internet access, also known as IAS. Network neutrality itself was invented with the Internet; however, with the convergence of all telecommunication services onto the Internet, the whole "story" has become more complex. So, telecom operators nowadays offer different services with QoS guarantees (e.g. VoIP as PSTN/ISDN replacement, IPTV as linear TV) over managed IP networks which are only virtually separated from the network-neutral Internet traffic (also referred to today as OTT or data traffic). Chapter 8 covered possible degradations to network neutrality by telecom operators, the main regulatory goals and the business aspects of network neutrality, the role of regulators (i.e. NRAs), as well as network neutrality approaches in Europe and the U.S. as leading regions in this regard. Further, this chapter discussed challenges and enforcement approaches for network neutrality. Chapter 9 covered the QoS regulation framework. It included the scope of QoS regulation and its fundamentals, as well as the ITU's QoS regulation guidelines. The end-user QoS is established via a service level agreement, which may include different QoS parameters. Further, the chapter looked at approaches and guidelines for specifying parameters, levels, and measurement methods within a given QoS regulatory framework, as well as approaches for definition of KPIs for fixed and mobile Conclusions services and their measurements on a periodical basis. This chapter further discussed relations between QoS and the pricing of servi