, 368, 376, 377, 379, IN (intelligent network) 12, 397 385-387, 390-393, 395, 396, Index 398, 399, 402-406, 411, 418, LMDS 340, 361, 374, 382 419, 424, 426, 432-434, 436, loadability 490 440, 442, 443, 445, 450-453, local multipoint distribution system 455, 474, 475, 478, 480, 483, 484 (LMDS) 357, 382 IP multicast routers 329 low earth orbit bandwidth IP multimedia subsystem 78, 385 lower radio access network 360, 361, IP over ATM 106, 243, 335, 340, 347, 480 IP routing 94, 243, 347-350 IP-Centrex 254, 271 IPsec 196, 198, 199, 208, 210, 212-215, 218-220, 231, 235, M2M (machine to machine) 236, 263, 301, 327, 452 50, 76, 91, 92, 94, 210, 212, 248, 267, 275, 278, 361, 484 machine input function (MIF) 308 145, 469, 470 machine output function (MOF) 111, 113, 121, 134, 199, 203, management 5, 30, 32, 49-51, 53, 63, 211, 215, 217, 218, 227, 236, 65, 66, 68, 72, 74, 75, 79, 80, 83, 277, 287, 288, 327, 343, 344, 88, 89, 94, 101, 102, 122, 123, 346, 413, 456 127, 132, 135, 137, 142, 145, 158, 164, 183, 184, 195, 197-200, JAIN - Java API for integrated 209, 218, 243, 266, 267, 276, networks 95, 387 280, 287, 289, 295, 297, 299, 78-80, 87, 95, 97, 198, 206, 326, 331, 336, 339, 348-350, 254, 261, 290, 295, 307, 313, 360, 374, 381, 398, 413, 426, 315, 317, 436 429-436, 438-448, 451-458 JDBC (Java data base connectivity) management gateway 456 management information base (MIB) JPEG 95, 168 434-436 JPEG pictures management system 51, 183, 184, 187, 199, 248, 301, 303, 364, 430-432, 435, 436, 438, 440, L2TP (layer 2 tunnelling protocol) 449, 451, 455, 456 210, 215, 325 MAP control signalling 398 label edge routers (LER) 243, 329 materialists 24, 25, 40 label switched path (LSP) 243, 347 MCS (multimedia core system) label switching routers (LSR) 347 media gateway (MGW) 12, lambda light-wave (wavelength) 89, 90, 217, 218, 243, 268, 274, switching capability LSC 349 319, 320, 322, 326, 352, 360, LDAP (lightweight directory access 363, 386, 396, 399, 402, 403, protocol) 202, 204, 277, 434 421, 443, 480 LER 243 media gateway control