 engine or transistor for example might be considered as inflection points that changed the rate of progress in specific areas of applied technology (the industrial revolution, the birth of modern electronics). This apparent nonlinearity is, however, a product of scaling and disappears if a longer time frame is used as a benchmark of continuing progress. The essence of competition, however, remains relatively constant over time. Have humans become more adaptive over time, have they adapted by becoming more adaptive? Possibly. Certainly we have become more adept at exploiting context partly due to our ability to accumulate and record and analyse the knowledge and experience of prior and present generations. And this is the basis upon which competitive networks will capture and deliver value to future users. Network value is increasingly based on knowledge value but knowledge value can only realised if access efficiency can be improved over time. Access efficiency in mobile broad- band networks is a composite of power and bandwidth efficiency (the blended bandwidth proposition) and access efficiency. Access efficiency is dependent on the efficiency of access, admission and storage and server algorithms that anticipate rather than respond to our needs. The asset value of cellular and mobile broadband networks has traditionally been denomi- nated in terms of number of cell sites or MHz of allocated or auctioned bandwidth and number of subscribers. This still remains valid but these are not inherently competitive networks. Competitive networks are networks that exploit accumulated knowledge and experience from present and past subscribers to build new value propositions that deliver future competitive advantage. This in turn increases network asset value. Efficient competitive networks are networks that combine access efficiency with power and bandwidth efficiency. An intelligent network with ambition and ability, a network that adapts over time by becoming more adaptive. 21.9 Specialisation But in addition, networks 