 ment between base station sector and the UE in both azimuth and elevation dimensions. The scatterers are represented by statistical parameters without having a real physical location. It specifies three propagation conditions, LoS, non-LoS, and outdoor-to-indoor. In each scenario it defines different parameters for mean propagation path loss, macroscopic fading, and micro- scopic fading. The probability of being in LoS is determined separately for indoor and outdoor UEs depending on the height of the UE as well as the break point distance. The break point dis- tance characterizes the gap between transmitter and receiver at which the Fresnel zone is barely broken for the first time. For an indoor UE, LoS refers to the signal propagation outside of the building in which the UE is located. For each UE location, large-scale parameters are generated according to its geographic position as well as the propagation conditions at this location. The large-scale parameters incorporate shadow fading, the Rician K-factor (only in the LoS case), delay spread, azimuth angle spread of departure and arrival, as well as azimuth angle-spread of departure and arrival. The time-variant impulse response matrix of Nrx X Ntx MIMO channel is given by the following expression [4]: where t, T, N, and n denote time, delay, number of clusters, and cluster index, respectively. The above channel impulse response is composed of the antenna array impulse response matrices Fix and Frx for the transmitter and the receiver sides, respectively, as well as the dual-polarized propagation channel response matrix. The channel from the transmitter antenna element Nix to the receiver antenna element Nrx for the cluster n is given by the fol- lowing expression [4]: exp (janm) exp (jpn) 0n,m,AoD) exp(p 310 Chapter 3 where Pn is the power of nth path and the other parameters are defined as follows [4]: In and °C n,m denote random initial phase for each ray m of each cluster n and for four different polarization combinations. Frx,Nrx,9 and Frx,Nnx,O represen