using security lapses by falling for phishing attempts, user error, or malicious employee behavior. The zero trust policy looks at the first packet, where it's from (its source), what service is used, and what it is allowed to access. Packets are additionally checked at every point on the route. In addition, proprietary encryption developed in- house is used to safeguard privacy. Encryption uses complex mathematical formulas to ensure that only authorized devices can "read" user information within packets. Another security precaution 128 Technology takes is the use of Access Control List (ACL) software that filters out packets that are not permitted according to the ACL rules. 128 Technology's software is an alternative method that provides a way to manage networks at lower costs with less operational complexity. It additionally includes security software and the ability to route sessions together on the most optimal routes. 128 Technology's software is at Amazon Web Services and Microsoft Azure web sites where it can be used by customers to manage work flows between cloud suppliers and applications and across data centers. www.TechnicalPDF.com Submarine Network Systems Submarine cables connect all of the earth's continents to each other. They connect Asia to the United States, and Africa and Europe to the Americas. Underwater cables are placed directly on the ocean floor. They are connected to land at drop-off points, also known as landing points, on each continent. Figure 4-3 depicts an example of a submarine cable system route across the Pacific Ocean. Hillsboro Los Angeles Hillsboro,Oregon LosAngeles,Calitimia Figure 4-3 A submarine cable connecting the United States and Japan. (Courtesy of Telegeography) At landing points, a packet switch or a router delivers traffic to land-based co-location sites where many carriers have a presence. One of these co-location sites is on Eighth Avenue in New York City. At the co-location facility, multiple carriers interconnect their networks and carry one another's traffic 