 compared to trying to build a world-class system with associated equipment and install cost. Consider RF planning to be a part of product definition. Total cost of ownership Maybe the most important of all, this is split between network cost, network maintenance, and end-user equipment cost: Chapter 1 Open radio access network overview Network cost-this is the cost associated with installation of the physical network. the centralized/IT room units (if any) wiring TRPs-how many RUs will be needed. To be estimated from physical area, link budget, etc. labor Network maintenance cost spectrum licensing-typically a yearly cost software/equipment maintenance licensing to the system integrator User device cost including SIM card or similar (eSIM) provisioning and management. Use-case example In our private network example, we establish some requirements: USA CBRS deployment: 3.x GHz operation. Self-install, which implies category A radios (<30 dBm EIRP/10 MHz). Optimization for small and medium enterprises: as per the 2012 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey showed 98% of commercial buildings in the United States are 100,000 square feet or less (or roughly 10,000 square meters or less). Small and medium businesses have (by definition) less than 1000 employees, which gives some indication of required connected user count. RF aspects We now look at some of the RF aspects that define the next level of dimensioning. Spectrum allocation needs to be matched to the throughput requirements-and by implication, net- work planning needs to include an assessment of required system throughput. The RF band selection is mostly defined by regulatory aspects as defined earlier in this document and local to each country. Other aspects include definition of the required RF bandwidth (e.g., 10/20/40/ /100 MHz) which defines the peak throughput that the system can achieve to an individ- ual user. Aggregate system capacity can be increased through RF bandwidth expansion (but can be financially costly) or by cell densification: us