-somethings. It's an important part of everyday life for much of the population. www.TechnicalPDF.com Growing capacity, availability, and ease of use enable adults as well as twenty-somethings to use cellular networks for an increasing number of functions. People use these networks to stay in contact with friends and family, receive email and text messages, and keep up-to- date on news. While waiting for an appointment in a doctor's or dentist's office, most people use their device to make the time pass faster. And people that travel often bring tablet computers on airplanes and train trips to watch downloaded videos. The increased use of smartphones and tablet computers has created pressure on mobile carriers to add capacity by upgrading their networks to protocols that enable them to pack more traffic on the airwaves that carry wireless voice and data. In essence, mobile networks are becoming densified, meaning cell sites with antennas and adjunct equipment are spaced closer together with each supporting higher data rates. Densification requires adding new cell sites to support gigabit data rates achievable with upgraded Long Term Evolution 4th generation (LTE) networks and new 5th generation mobile protocols. Densified wireless networks are architected with fiber-optic cables that connect heterogeneous networks (HetNets) together. The name HetNets is derived from the fact that HetNets are made up of cell sites with various amounts of coverage and antenna sizes. There is additionally more usage over Wi-Fi networks inside homes, cafes, and buildings as people increasingly use smartphones and tablet computers for video streaming, reading newspapers, and accessing social networks within buildings. There are new and emerging protocols that support gigabit data rates and improved security in Wi-Fi networks. The same phenomenon of large increases in wireless usage is occurring inside buildings and homes as in cellular networks in wider outdoor areas. In many residences, it's not unusual for www.TechnicalPDF.com each 