is a high context culture where ethnic and tribal relations take precedence over merit, and time management is least important, and SO on. But to achieve the target, it is important that the norms of low context cultures should be followed. 12.12.5 Technology Foresight and Roadmapping All the steps listed in the technology and NPD paragraph need to have concrete timelines and be part of the startup's roadmap. It is critical that the startup's roadmap is tightly linked with the handset, chipset, and test equipment vendors' roadmap. Any misalignment could delay the delivery of final product. And most importantly, startup's product should be ready for delivery when required by the operators. 12.12.6 Technology Commercialization and Managed Services From the very start it is important that customers are identified and the utmost is done to exceed their expectations. Clear and aggressive expectations in terms of market share need to be set and communicated across all the organizations. Keen attention needs to be placed on project management, technology, and product life cycle management and production processes. If the end product is successful, then it would help the startup to justify the shareholders and acquire more funding for new endeavors. Technology Management 12.13 Industry Outlook TM is not practiced as it needs to be in the overall mobile industry. Various principles of TM do get attention in the developed world but in the developing world the focus is only on taking the cooked stuff and just performing the final implementation. The fields of innovation management and knowledge management are not on the radar screen in the developing world. This lack can be easily witnessed as pointed out in [17] for the case of WiMAX, which is a very hot topic in the ICT industry of the MENA region. The major drawbacks related to innovation and knowledge management in MENA are: Focus only on short term goals and revenue Non-existence of R&D and manufacturing houses Absence in the standard development organizations Lack of 