s research is to identify user requirements and challenges related to user interface designs of cell phones. The second research goal is to conduct usability tests with existing interfaces of selected Toshiba phones designed for the Japanese domestic market that will be marketed in the United States. As part of the study for Toshiba, the researchers and their graduate stu- dents are using product interactive focus groups and usability testing to target the needs of users with the following disabilities: legal blindness, cognitive dis- abilities, full blindness, and upper extremity physical disabilities. Information from these interviews is being used to extract design guidelines to enhance cell phone accessibility and to develop new features for future cell phone interfaces. 9.11.2 GPS Guidance Telecom technologies, when equipped with special interfaces, can also help dis- abled people cope better with the real world. A new GPS-based navigation developed by ONCE, the Organization of Spanish Blind people, is designed to guide blind people. The system, called "Tormes," is a handheld computer with a Braille keyboard and satellite navigation technology that gives verbal directions. Tormes can be used in two ways: to guide the user to their desti- nation or to tell them where they are as they walk around. Tormes is currently limited by GPS's 15 to 20 meter accuracy. But ONCE and the European Space Agency are already working on how to improve the system. A new tool developed by ESA could be the breakthrough: the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS). It also warns the users of any problem with the signal thus giving integrity information. EGNOS is transmitted to the ground via geostationary satellites, SO signals are sometimes blocked by buildings, called the canyon effect. To solve this problem, ESA engineers had the idea of getting the data through the Inter- net via a GSM connection, a project called SISNeT (Signal In Space through Internet). This makes EGNOS available anywhere downtown. As a res