finitions of 5G main characteris- tics and KPIs, similar to the ones defined in references [1,14]. The following section pro- vides the definitions of the performance metrics that have been used to measure and benchmark the performance of 5G systems. These metrics are related to the KPIs that describe the main 5G use cases and certain deployment scenarios. Peak Data Rate: Described in bits/s, this is the maximum (theoretically) achievable data rate under error-free conditions at the physical layer. It denotes the received data bits allo- cated to a single user terminal, when all assignable radio resources for the corresponding link direction are utilized excluding the overhead resources which include radio resources that are used for physical layer synchronization, reference signals, guard bands, and guard times. The peak data rate is defined for a single mobile station. For a single frequency band, it is related to the peak spectral efficiency in that band. Let W denote the channel bandwidth and SEp denote the peak spectral efficiency in that band. Then the user peak data rate Rp is given by Rp=SEpW The peak spectral efficiency and available bandwidth may have different values in different frequency ranges. If the bandwidth is aggregated across multiple bands, the peak data rate will be summed over those bands. Therefore, if bandwidth is aggregated across N bands, then the total peak data rate is defined as follows: where Wn and SEp represent the nth component bandwidth and its peak spectral efficiency, respectively. Introduction and Background li Average Spectral Efficiency: Let Rn (T) denote the number of correctly received bits by the nth user in the downlink or from the nth user in the uplink. It is assumed that there are N users (or devices) and NTRP transmission/reception points (TRPs)¹ in the system within the coverage area. Furthermore, let W denote the channel bandwidth and T the time interval over which the data bits are received. The average spectral efficiency may be estimated by running system-level