TDMA/GSM and 3G 1x VS. UMTS and 1XEV-DO VS. HSPA. We'll conclude with an overview of satellite communications, Wi-Fi and WiMAX. 8.1 Radio Transmission 8.2 Mobile Networks 8.3 AMPS: Analog Cellular 8.4 PCS: Personal Communication Services 8.5 Digital Cellular: Voice Communications 8.6 Sharing the Radio Bands 8.6.1 AMPS 8.6.2 TDMA, GSM and GPRS 8.6.3 CDMA 8.7 3G 8.8 Satellite-Based Services 8.8.1 Geosynchronous Satellites 8.8.2 Low Earth Orbit 8.9 Wireless LANs 8.9.1 IEEE 802.11 Standards 8.10802.16 WiMAX 9 VOICE SERVICES AND JARGON This chapter provides a summary and overview of voice communication services from carriers, and explains jargon like VPNs, WATS and AIN. 9.1 Local Voice Services 9.1.1 POTS and Party Lines 9.1.2 CLASS Services 9.1.3 Local Measured Service 9.1.4 Public Coin Telephone Service 9.1.5 Directory Services 9.1.6 Business Services 9.1.7 Access 9.2 Long Distance Voice Services 9.2.1 Operator Services 9.2.2 Foreign Exchange 9.2.3 OPX: Off-Premise Extension 9.2.4 Tie Line 9.2.5 Private Networks 9.2.6 WATS 9.2.7 AIN Services 9.2.8 Virtual Private Voice Networks PAGE 8 TELECOM 101 REFERENCE BOOK TERACOM TRAINING INSTITUTE PART II: UNDERSTANDING DATA COMMUNICATIONS The second part covers datacom basics including the crucial concepts of IP packets and LAN frames; all about modems including DSL and cable modems, data over digital cellular and finishes with LANs: building blocks for Part III. 10 INTRODUCTION TO DATA COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING We'll start off on the right foot with a solid grounding in data communications and networking basics, introducing and defining key concepts explored in subsequent chapters. We'll start at the beginning, reviewing the components of a data circuit: DTEs, DCEs and physical connections, then explore practical examples of circuits and networks, allowing you to categorize and compare the different types of equipment and circuit configurations. 10.1 Information Theory 10.2Data Circuit Model 10.3DTE: Data Terminal Equipment 10.3.1 Dumb Terminals 10.3.2 Intelligent Termi