 207 sources, 75 Informatio (Latin), 37 Hacker, 39 Informatics, 39 Hadamard Information, xi codes, 220 algorithmic, 96, 97, 111 gate, see Gate algorithmic (-) theory, 96, 111 matrix, see Matrix bit, see Bit Steane code, see Quantum error-correction classical, 305, 306 coding, xix, 127 HAL, 39, 40 concept, 37, 111 Halting conditional, 43 problem, 108-10, 290 contents, 40, 432 rule, 109, 110 uncorrelated, 431, 441, 445-7, 449 Hamming definition, xvii code, 213, 220, 261, 510, 514 entropy concept, 286 distance, 214, 516 erasure, 287 minimum (-) distance, 214, 216, 614 loss, 162 weight, 214, 216, 614 meaning, 38 Hartley, R., 50, 264 measure/measuring, xviii, 37, 40, 50, 52, 53 Hartley's law, 264 mutual (classical), xix, 69, 74, 75, 77, 81, 85, 122, 238, 240, 241, 245, 266, 267, 624 attack, 543 mutual (quantum), 441, 447, 450, 475, 484, 486, function, 543 Hashing, 523 overhead, see Overhead Haykin, S., 272 physical nature of (-), 283, 287 HDV (high-definition video), 599, 603 reconciliation, 524, 557 Header (block), see Block quantum, 435, 436, 441, 443 Heat, 285 quantum coherent (-), 475, 486 Index Information (cont.) Knuth (code), see Code science, 39, 40 Kolmogorov self (-), 286 A., 96 spectral density, 270 complexity xiii-xv, xix, 96, 97, 107, 110, 111, standards, 591 123, 411 theory (Shannon's), xi-xii, xiv, xvii, 37, 39, 40, conditional complexity, 116, 119, 122 96, 287, 304, 342, 431 convergence with Shannon's entropy, 123-5 uncorrelated (-), 445 un-computationability of complexity, 117, Inner product of states, 330, 333-7 distinguishable, 258, 259 upper bound, 117 non-confusable (-) fan, 259 Kolmogorov-Chaitin complexity, see Kolmogorov Instantaneous code, see Code Kraft inequality, 142 Integer coding, see Coding Kraft-McMillan inequality, 142, 143, 589-90 Intelligence Kronecker artificial, 39 product, 328 definition, 32, 38-9 symbol, 233, 313, 335 Intensity-modulation/direct-detection (IMDD) Kubrick, S., 39 format, 226 Kullback-Leibler distance, see Distance Interleaver, 224 International Alphabet, see IA2 La