arity errors, mation, usually because there is an error in the etc. CCITT M.550 for digital circuit testing.) earlier transmission.) Australian Electronics Industry Association. Automatic Route Selection. (Facility in an equip- Automatic Frequency Control. ment, usually a PABX or multiplexer, to automat- AFIPS American Federation of Information Processing So- ically select the best route for transmission through cieties. a network.) AFNOR Association Francaise de Normalisation. (Stand- ASCII American Standard Code for Information Inter- ardisation body in France.) change. (Popular character code used for data com- AFRTS American Forces Radio and Television Services. munications and processing. Consists of seven bits, Automatic Gain Control. or eight bits with a parity bit added.) Australian Information Industry Association. Application Specific Integrated Circuit. (Integrated Advanced Intelligent Network. (Bellcore released circuit components which can be readily customised specification for provision of wide range of telecom- for a given application.) munication capabilities and services.) ASN.1 Abstract Syntax Notation One. 62/4 Glossary Automatic Send/Receive. (Operation usually car- Bipolar with n-Zero Substitution. (A channel code. ried out by an older type of teleprinter equipment.) Examples are B3ZS which has three-zero substitu- ASTIC Anti-SideTone Induction Coil. (Hybrid transformer tion; B6ZS with six-zero substitution, etc.) used in voice transmission systems.) Bell Operating Company. (Twenty-two BOCs were American Society for Testing and Materials. formed after the divestiture of AT&T, acting as local Application Service Element. (OSI application.) telephone companies in the US. They are now or- Amplitude Shift Keying. (Digital modulation tech- ganised into seven Regional Bell Operating Com- nique.) panies or RBOCs.) Asynchronous Time Division Multiplexing. BORSCHT Battery, Overload protection, Ringing, Supervision, Asynchronous Transfer Mode. (CCITT protocol for Coding, Hybrid, and Test access. (Thes