s Service measurements typically focus on the customer's experience across the network. Network measurements focus on the health of the underlying network and interconnections of network ele- ments that carry service traffic. Component measurements focus on the health of individual network elements. Therefore, service measurements help identify whether a network problem impacts the customer, whereas network measurements and component measurements help zoom into possible root causes for customer-impacting troubles and further identified events that reduce provisioned network capacity. Each of these functions has traditionally been implemented in separate tool sets, developed with little correlation to each other, often requiring several specialized measurement components. In addition, these tools were built with a heavy reliance on network element vendors delivering mea- surement agents bundled into their products. This not only resulted in vendor-proprietary solutions that complicated the network element implementations, but also increased the cost of their develop- ment, and delayed the delivery of network features. With the advent of NFV and SDN, we are offered the opportunity to decouple and virtualize many of these measurement features, with the overall impact of simplifying the network elements. Such decoupled measurement functions in turn become candidates for implementation as atomic components. Decoupling offers us the opportunity to optimize the measurement tool set, utiliz- ing the same tool to measure multiple functions. Although the desire is to decouple measurement features from network elements, it is not always a straightforward task to identify whether a mea- surement feature is a candidate for decoupling. We will provide guidance on what measurement features make sense to decouple further in this chapter, as well as present the overall framework for SDN-related measurements. 16.4.1 OBJECTIVES FOR A MEASUREMENT FRAMEWORK The following objectives are kept in mind while refreshing the prior measurem