er Stimulated Raman Scattering Permanent Virtual Circuit Signaling System 7 List of Acronyms Single Sideband (Modulation) User Network Interface SSBSC Single-Sideband Suppressed User Payload Identifier Carrier Space-Time Block Codes Variable Bit Rate Synchronous Transport Module Virtual Container Spanning Tree Protocol Virtual Concatenation Synchronous Transport Signal Video Coding Experts Group Space-Time Trellis Codes Virtual Container Group Switched Virtual Circuit Virtual Circuit Identifier S-VLAN Service VLAN Voltage Controlled Oscillator Very High Frequency Turbo Convolutional Code Virtual Local Area Network Trellis-Coded Modulation Variable Length Coding; Transmission Control Protocol Variable-Length Coder Thulium-Doped Fiber Very Low Frequency Amplifier Voice over Internet Protocol Time Division Multiplexing Virtual Path Identifier Traffic Engineering Virtual Private LAN Service Thermo-Electric Cooler Virtual Private Network Triple Error Correcting Virtual Private Wire Service Terminal Endpoint Identifier Virtual Reality Modeling Third-Generation Partnership Language Project VRM-WB Variable-Rate Multimode TeleManagement Forum Wideband Telecommunications Vertical Radiation Pattern Management Network Vestigial Sideband Modulation Type of Service Voltage Standing Wave Ratio Turbo Product Code Virtual Tributary Triangular Probability Density Function Wide Area Network Triangular Probability Density W-CDMA Wideband Code Division Function Multiple Access Telemetry, Tracking, and Wavelength Division Command Multiplexed Transport Termination Function Weighted Fair Queuing Time-to-Live Weighted Round-Robin Tributary Unit Tributary Unit Group Exclusive OR Function X.25 over TCP User Datagram Protocol Cross-Polarization Ultra-High Frequency Discrimination Universal Mobile Telephone Cross-Phase Modulation (also System This page intentionally left blank Index Ampere's law for magnetomotive Aperture effect, 13 AbS. See Analysis-by-Synthesis force, 219 Aperture excitation, 286 methods Amplification in optical systems, A