. It has been observed that historically every 10 years a new wireless generation is introduced into the market and 5G appears to follow that pattern. However, 5G business drivers go beyond a mere network and handset upgrade cycle. From MNOs' point of view, while there is still growth opportunity in developing countries for the MBB use case, this is not the case anymore in most developed markets. There- 10 TSDSI submission is based on 3GPP NR RIT submission, with one feature being mandatory instead of optional. 2 Market Drivers fore, many North American and European operators see 5G as an opportunity to drive down operational costs and, more important, to expand into new markets. Massive IoT, industrial IoT, V2X communications and fixed access (i.e. providing internet connectivity to residential areas) are just some of many examples of use cases that have been served in the past by non-cellular technologies (or did not exist at all), but now are in the focus of 5G as a potential market a mobile operator can expand into. As mobile phone penetration rates in developed countries are close to 100%, IoT is one of the few most promising growth opportunities for mobile operators (at least in terms of number of "subscribers"). Massive IoT refers to applications that are less throughput- and latency-sensitive but require wide coverage. IoT networks are expected to support large numbers of connections and low-cost, low-energy operation. Smart meters are one example of this use case; however, it is expected that many more use cases will emerge in the future. Mission-critical IoT is a new, somewhat futuristic use case, exemplified by remote machine driving and factory automation. V2X is yet another example of IoT application, which is poised to complement various camera and sensor technologies for assisted and autonomous driving. It is important to mention that in most of these areas 5G will face competition from other standards-based and proprietary technologies, for example, IEEE 802.11, DSRC, LoRa, Nufront, and others. Ev