V intercommunication The ability of a vehicle to communicate using technology such as 5G is the key enabler for AVs. Let us look at different types of vehicle intercommunication. AV intercommunication Figure 14.11 shows the different types of V2X communications: Vehicle-to-Pedestrian (V2P) Vehicle-to-Network (V2N) Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) Vehicle-to-Pedestrian Vehicle-to-Network (V2P) (V2N) e.g. pedestrian in e.g. traffic queue five walkway ahead kilometers ahead Vehicle-to Vehicle Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2V) (V2I) e.g. emergency vehicle e.g. traffic signal approaching ahead turning red Figure 14.11 - Vehicle communications An AV can generate as much as 4 terabytes of data per day. The 5G network comes in handy to move such large volumes of data and use it to make timely decisions. Apart from the ability to act as a huge data pipe, 5G acts as the vital glue between the vehicle, the driver, the Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS), other vehicles - both autonomous and others - cyclists, pedestrians, law enforcement, and other infrastructure fixtures such as traffic lights or toll machines. Let us look at how ADAS works. Next, we will look at the working of ADAS. Since many traffic accidents are caused by human error, ADAS can help to prevent traffic accidents and their serious impacts on us. ADAS enables applications such as blind spot detection, lane departure warnings, automatic emergency braking, and pedestrian detection. Additional ADAS capabilities include automatic parking, ACC, and night vision. Figure 14.12 shows how ADAS works(https://www.synopsys.com/automotive/ what-is-adas. - - html): 5G and Autonomous Vehicles Radar/LIDAR Surround view Camera Blind spot Ultrasound Traffic sign detection recognition Cross Park assist traffic Adaptive Emergency braking alert cruise Pedestrian detection control Collision avoidance assist Surround departure warning Surround view Rear collision warning Figure 14.12 - ADAS at work Figure 14.12 explains how each of the major ADAS capabilities comes into play 