.14 Domain Value 21.15 Quantifying Domain-Specific Economic and Emotional Value 21.16 Differentiating Communications and Connectivity Value 21.17 Defining Next-Generation Networks 21.18 Defining an Ultralow-Cost Network 21.18.1 Ultralow-Cost Storage 21.18.2 Ultralow-Cost Access 21.18.3 The Interrelationship of RF Access Efficiency and Network Cost 21.18.4 The Engineering Effort Needed To Realise Efficiency Gains 21.18.5 The Impact of Standards and Spectral Policy on RF Network Economics 21.19 Standards Policy, Spectral Policy and RF Economies of Scale 21.20 The Impact of IPR on RF Component and Subsystem Costs 21.21 The Cost of 'Design Dissipation' 21.22 The Hidden Costs of Content - Storage Cost 21.23 The Hidden Costs of User-Generated Content - Sorting Cost 21.24 The Hidden Cost of Content - Trigger Moments 21.25 The Hidden Cost of Content - Delivery Cost 21.26 The Particular Costs of Delivering Broadcast Content Over Cellular Networks 21.27 Summary - Cost and Value Transforms Index Foreword We were delighted when the Science Museum was approached about a new publication that would look at the technical aspects of the telecoms industry, with a nod to the developments and experience of the past. The ambition of this publication fits with our own development of a major new gallery in information and communications technology. Our planned gallery will trace the dramatic change since the invention of the telegraph, the laying of the first transatlantic cable, the creation of the first digital electronic computer, the development of mobile communications and the advent of the World Wide Web. This publication, and the gallery, will provide an important record for questioning the speed of change and developing broader narratives on telecommunications history. Tilly Blyth Curator of Computing and Information Science Museum, London October 2011 List of Acronyms and Abbreviations 3G Partnership Project ACK/NACK Acknowledgement/Negative Acknowledgement Autofocus Amplitude Modulation Average Margin Per Device Average Margi