ent manager and the top level manager as a network manager. The intermediate component like the element manager collects data from an element or a set of similar elements. It collects data from the agent on the element (this part acting as manager of the intermediate component) and provides feed to the network manager or top level manager (this part acting as the agent of the intermediate component). The feeder is always the agent and the component that is feed is the manager. OSI Network Management Manager of manager (MoM) Agent Agent Agent NMS Agent NMS Manager Manager Agent Agent Agent Agent Managed objects Managed objects Unmanaged objects Unmanaged objects Figure 5.3 MoM model. The three-tier model satisfies the needs of a network management system. Now consider the scenario where a network manager is required to manage multiple net- works at different locations or networks from different vendors or two heterogeneous networks. This is where MoM fits in by providing a model for a converged network manager for multitechnology, heterogeneous network, mute vendor environments that is the current state of the telecom industry (see Figure 5.3). This model can handle network management of multiple domains as in an enterprise network. The top most level in MoM model is the "manager of manager" (MoM), which is the manager that consolidates and manages a set of network domains by collect- ing data from the network managers that manage individual network domains. The MoM has a separate MDB for storing data. In between the MoM and the managed object is an intermediate component having a manager, agent NMS, and an agent. We will call it the intermediate component similar to the explanation for three-tier to avoid confusion. The manager in the intermediate component of MoM collects data from the managed object, the agent in the intermediate component feeds the MoM, and the "agent NMS" is the management process that deals with functions for managing network in a specific domain. There is one more relationship defined in OS