ioning of resources. Good capacity planning solutions increases pro- duction throughput, identifies and eliminates production bottlenecks, and increases visibility into production plan and work orders. 35. Product/service catalog management: The service provider offering can be a product or service. The management of catalogs associated with the service or product of the service provider can be done using catalogue management solutions. Each product/service will comprise of multiple components. Each of these components may be designed and developed by different depart- ments in an organization. This makes it important to model the product/service and manage the catalogs associated to the components of the service/product and for the product/service as a whole. Some of the components may also be shared for reuse. The individual departments working on the components are responsi- ble for the individual catalogues and store them centrally, while the product/ service level catalogues are maintained centrally for reference and update of products utilizing available components. 36. Product life cycle management: These applications manage the entire life cycle of the product and its components. This means applications that sup- port designing, building, deployment, and maintenance of the product. The applications have the capability to handle new products and updates to exist- ing products. It can be seen that there will be significant use of project and program management activities and tools used as part of product life cycle management. While project management deals with the activities related to satisfying a set of requirements, the program management will encompass all activi- ties in a product program. A program management can involve management of multiple projects. Requirements are also captured as part of product life cycle management. These requirements map to detailed specifications on the product/service that are catalogued. Some life cycle management solutions also support closure of obsolete products. 37.