k management model based on mobile agent to offer stronger management mechanism and strategy to make up for the shortcomings of SNMP Network and meet requirements more efficiently. From the perspective of all these applications, the combination of these two technologies can help not only distribute network resources and guarantee QoS, but also manage network more flexibly and effectively. Furthermore, due to the abilities of information collection, mobility of mobile agents, the combination of these two technologies can help design a solution to realize the conceptual model of Cognitive Networks. The solution based on active network and mobile agents mainly contains three parts-active nodes, knowledge base, and mobile agents. The solution model based on active network and mobile agents are described in Figure 6.8. The model is simplified and divided into four layers-physical layer, network layer, transport layer, and application layer. In physical layers, there are infrastructures, including basic and intelligent devices for networks. And in network layer, it is commonly designed or combined by active networks with essential active network nodes to collect and compute information, which can help realize the characteristics of self-awareness. Knowledge base is stored in the application layer to record useful information to help accumulate knowledge and make decisions. Mobile agents can travel through application layer, transport layer, and also network layer to help collect information, make decisions, and finally take action on the network. Characteristics of self-organization and auton- omy can be fulfilled by interactions and operations among mobile agents. Due to Overview of Cognitive NGSDP Model Application layer Agents Agents Knowledge base Transport layer Agents Agents Agents Network layer Active network and active network nodes Agents Physical layer Basic and intelligent devices Figure 6.8 Solution model based on active network and mobile agents. their mobility, operations related to organization and other