ving one another's roaming customers. These rates were in turn reflected in retail roaming rates. Between 1995 and 1998, roaming revenues accounted for 10-15 percent of all wireless revenues. The high roaming rates pushed carriers to expand their national networks, and increased competition among the national carriers began to place downward pressure on roaming rates and revenues. In 1998 the share of roaming revenues in total revenues began to decline, and by 2003 it had fallen to about 4 percent of revenues. 12 In 1998 AT&T also introduced its national "One-Rate" plan, allowing subscribers to call from anywhere to anywhere in the United States at the same rate. Over the next year, the other carriers followed suit, and today each carrier provides an increasing share of its service through such plans. The Growth of Cellular Usage Wireless service is no longer simply a mobile version of local voice tele- phone services. When AT&T announced its One-Rate national calling plan in 1998, it sparked a revolution in U.S. voice communications. In its first fifteen years of existence, the cellular telephone sector encountered declin- ing revenues per subscriber because of declining rates and the enrollment of incremental subscribers who use a cell phone less intensively than the early adopters. 13 As mentioned in chapter 6, between 1994 and 1997 wireless usage averaged about 120 minutes a month, but by 2002 it had more than trebled minutes month. 14 This surge reflects a steady shift in long- distance calling from the traditional wire-based network to wireless and, to a much smaller extent, the growth of new wireless applications, such as text messaging, e-mail, and direct Internet connections. The Rapid Growth of Wireless Telecommunications Today each of the national carriers offers a variety of calling plans and service feature packages extending beyond the voice service just described in chapter 6. The current 2-G technology can provide a range of services from paging, text messaging, personalized graphics, and ring ton