a cer- tain level classified as mobility restriction and mobility pattern (or mobility level). The for- mer addresses mobility restriction in terms of allowed, non-allowed, and forbidden areas. The minimum granularity of the area is at tracking area level. In the allowed area, UE can communicate through the control or user planes. The UE cannot send service request and session management signaling in the non-allowed area. However, periodic registration update is possible. It can also respond to the paging messages from the core network. Furthermore, emergency calls or multimedia priority services are allowed. In the forbidden area, UE is not allowed to have any communication with the network except for the emer- gency services. The mobility pattern is used as a concept to describe the expected mobility of UE in 5GC. Mobility pattern may be used by the AMF to characterize and optimize the UE mobility. The AMF determines and updates mobility pattern of the UE based on sub- scription of the UE, statistics of the UE mobility, network local policy, and the UE-assisted 5G Network Architecture information, or any combination of these parameters. The statistics of the UE mobility can be history-based or expected UE moving trajectory. The UE mobility pattern can be used by the AMF to optimize mobility support provided to the UE [16]. This procedure is used for the case where the UE moves from one gNB-DU to another gNB-DU within the same gNB-CU during NR operation. The Internet of things is an important 5G service category. IoT devices mostly send mobile- originated data. For this type of devices, the mobile-originated only mode is defined in 5GS where the core network determines whether to apply the mobile-originated only mode to a UE during the registration procedure based on the UE subscription data and the network policy. The mobile-originated only mode is allocated to a UE, which does not require mobile-terminated traffic. Therefore, the UE in mobile-originated-only mode does not listen to the paging messages. The cor