eceiver filter attenuation on the assigned channel frequency to the receiver filter attenuation on the adjacent channel frequency. 11.3 Carrier aggregation and spectral mask considerations Perform Network Entry Process Basic Multicarrier Capability Negotiation during REG-REQ/RSP Exchange Establish Provisioned Connections Normal Operation MS and BS Support a Common MC Mode? Continue with Single-Carrier AAI_MC-ADV Received ? Procedures Send AAI_MC-REQ Including the MC Capability Negotiation Receive AAI MC-RSP Including List of the Assigned Carrier(s) MS/BS Ready for Multi-carrier Operation FIGURE 11-7 Carrier aggregation and spectral mask considerations [32] then the coverage of each component carrier will be approximately the same, and it would be easier for mobile stations to use carrier aggregation in this case. However, for inter-band carrier aggregation, it is more difficult for all aggregated carriers to have the same coverage relative to the contiguous case. This is mainly due to the large path loss difference for the inter-band component carriers. The support of carrier aggregation when the component carriers have different coverage would require more efficient management and measurement procedures [33]. For non-contiguous carrier aggregation, the component carriers are usually separated by a suffi- cient frequency gap; therefore, the interference between aggregated bands is negligible. However, there are still frequency bands belonging to other systems adjacent to each component carrier that may cause interference. In a high-speed mobile environment, large Doppler frequency shift, nonlinear frequency response of a power amplifier and/or the asymmetric characteristic of a crystal oscillator and CHAPTER 11 Multi-Carrier Operation the effect of frequency aliasing may affect the orthogonality between adjacent frequency bands and may potentially cause inter-band interference. The aliasing effect may significantly degrade the BER performance, especially when high-order modulation schemes are used. Therefore, for