erent base stations to be able to calculate a location estimate. The second planning rule for E-OTD is: at least one LMU unit has to be serving in each location to be able to synchronise the base stations and calculate a location estimate. The basic parameters for E-OTD are the cell identification parameters, e.g. CI, NETWORK PLANNING ASPECTS LAC and BSIC. The other parameters needed have to be verified from a system vendor, because these are dependent on algorithms. The U-TDOA method does not require LMU planning, because this new network element is needed in every base station. The basic requirement for the SMLC parameters is similar to E-OTD, cell identification parameters. Appendix D End-to-End System Performance Measurement N. B. Kamat Nokia Networks D.1 INTRODUCTION With the maturing of the mobile phone industry networks in both developed and developing countries, the differentiator for operators is tending more towards network quality. Quality can mean a lot of different things to different network operators. The key common point among most operators is the 'user experience', which means end-to-end performance of the network. This is of increasing importance to operators since typical mobile networks now consist of a multitude of different components sourced from a vast range of suppliers. With IP or packet core services many vendors in the IT industry have become vendors to operators of mobile networks. The integration of all these different elements into one high-quality network has become a challenge for network planners worldwide. Network planners are the equivalents of 'system designers' for wireless networks and they are often the ones measuring as well as optimising mobile networks. Network plan- ners design the networks with given inputs of coverage, number of subscribers and call quality. Since the mobile markets are maturing, the emphasis is now on the network quality and network quality testing. The end-user experience is sought to be captured in engineering terms as key performance indicators (