ter against multilambda ring solutions. Ring versus mesh architectures are also studied. In this volume we start with the assertion that significant advances in optics and next-generation SONET enable features and services that can rival what the new Ethernet architectures offer. This hypothesis is tested by examining the performance of the technology in the context of operating systems. Both books pose the question of whether Ethernet-based architec- ture can scale in size, robustness, reliability, and OAM&P capabilities as well as enhanced SONET systems, but they do so from two different per- spectives. In this volume, we cover the following topics. This chapter sets the stage for an assessment of the advances in SONET systems that enable them to compete with new architectures. Chapter 2, "Optics Primer," provides a short primer on optical technology. Chapter 3, "Traditional SONET Architectures," looks at traditional broadband archi- tectures, such as SONET/SDH, focusing on the self-healing robustness and OAM&P features. Chapter 4, "Next-Generation SONET and Optical Archi- tectures," looks at next-generation SONET and the advantages it affords; a number of next-generation carriers are going this route to provide advanced services. Chapter 5, "Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) Sys- items," focuses on optics and DWDM, a technology so far optimized for long- haul use. Chapter 6, "Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM) Technology," looks at a number of other practical applicable technologies for TLS delivery, such as CWDM. Chapter 7, "All-Optical Networks," covers evolving all-optical/intelligent optical-networking technologies. Chapter 8, "GMPLS in Optical Networks," discusses wavelength services managed by GMPLS. Chapter 9, "Free-Space Optics (FSO)," discusses FSO, which some people are proposing as a metro access technology. Finally, Chapter 10, "Practical Design and Economic Parameters," looks at practical design approaches and economics to validate the premise that these evolving tech- nolo