e populations not connected to formal water supply systems (Table 5.1), showed that worldwide there are apparently between 92% and 100% of people in urban areas who are served by some form of formal water supply service and between 73% and 100% served by sanitation systems. These figures do not show the nature or quality of these services. Tables 5.2 and 5.3 illustrate examples of actual household water and sanitation provision, with very low figures in Africa for access to water within households or within close proximity. Even elsewhere, convenient accessibility to water and sanitation does not come close to the global figures above; there are low figures in Asia, Oceania and South America. In Europe, in countries such as Romania, only some 50% of the population have access to "public" water supplies. There are many people worldwide who, although not in immediate danger of not having access to water supplies or sanitation, may only have access to the most basic of services. Thus the definition of what is appropriate is fundamental to current and future trends in the demand for water, associated services and infrastructure. Worldwide there are moves and perspectives to better match water use to the defined nature of supplies (e.g. WSSCC, 2005). This, together with Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), is seen as the best way to deliver affordable and sustainable water services for all needs (Sommen, 2006). INFRASTRUCTURE TO 2030: TELECOM, LAND TRANSPORT, WATER AND ELECTRICITY - ISBN 92-64-02398-4 - © OECD 2006 5. THE IMPACTS OF CHANGE ON THE LONG-TERM FUTURE DEMAND FOR WATER SECTOR INFRASTRUCTURE Trends in the recent past (late 20th and early 21st centuries) may be considered in terms of: Supplying demands for the various sectors and actors described in Section 1, i.e. Maintaining demands and needs in developed countries and increasingly influencing these demands. Providing new supplies to those not so far connected in both developed and developing countries, via exploiting new or existing sources and pr