), automotive, smart grid, traffic safety, emergency response services are some of the examples of low-latency machine type communications. Tactile Internet is an interesting aspect of this use case that is expected to create new services. As shown in references [11,14], peak and average data rates as well as transport delay are the leading performance indicators of the high-throughput mobile broadband scenario. Interactive gaming, augmented/virtual reality, and immersive entertainment are notable consumer mobile broadband services that are in nascent state and hold significant promise of new business opportunities and user experience. The eMBB delivers over 20 Gbps downlink peak data rates with expected user experienced data rates of approxi- mately 100 Mbps anywhere anytime. This would require substantial increase in network capacity in 2020 and beyond. Network operators are gearing up toward meeting such a dra- matic increase in capacity by a combination of new spectrum utilization, spectral efficiency improvements, and ultra-dense network deployments. The key challenge in the design and deployment of 5G systems is not only about the develop- ment of a new radio interface(s) but also about the coordinated operation in a highly heteroge- neous environment characterized by the existence of multi-RAT systems, multi-layer Enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) capacity enhancements Extremely high-data rate file transfers 3D video-4K screens Work and play in the could Smart city cameras Augmented reality Voice services Industrial and vehicular automation Mission critical services Sensor networks Self driving cars Massive machine type communication Ultra reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC) (mMTC) massive connectivity mission critical and delay sensitive applications Figure 1 5G use case categories [1]. Introduction and Background xxvii networks, multi-mode devices, and diverse user interactions. Under these conditions, there is a fundamental need for 5G to achieve seamless mobility and consistent user experien