T), some are actually complementary in the sense that they define standards for mobile networks aspects which are not handled by 3GPP for various reasons. For example, the BBF addresses issues related to the transport network that are often overlooked by 3GPP (see Section 6.6). Furthermore, O-RAN and Small Cell Forum define base station functional splits, which, even though they are con- ceptually in 3GPP scope, could not be defined there for largely political reasons (for details, see Sections 4.5 and 4.7). In addition to SDOs and industry fora developing technical specifications, there are a number of associations and interest groups promoting certain 5G and related technologies and/or attempting to steer 3GPP standardization process toward certain areas of interest, primarily through publications of White Papers and by means of liaison exchange with SDOs, such as 3GPP. Some of these include: 5GAA: the 5G Automotive Association GSMA: the GSM Association GSA: Global mobile Suppliers Association 5G Americas NGMN: Next Generation Mobile Networks 5G ACIA: the 5G Alliance for Connected Industries and Automation AECC: Automotive Edge Computing Consortium 5G-PPP: the 5G Infrastructure Public Private Partnership WBA: Wireless Broadband Alliance. While some of the above organizations are not new, 5G triggered an increased prolifera- tion of such associations. This is perhaps due to 3GPP dominance, as now certain industries, instead of defining a standard to suit their needs, oftentimes attempt to influence 3GPP to adopt their use case into a global cellular standard (e.g. 5GAA). And yet another category is community projects, which to some extent combine the roles of SDOs, special interest industry groups, and open source projects, such as the Telecom Infra Project (TIP). TIP largely relies on specifications developed by other organizations (such as 3GPP and O-RAN), or in some cases does not use standards at all, but instead allows different players (e.g. vendors and operators) to work jointly on projects of interest, d