hone - 4th generation dedicated IP telephones via gateway (PC or PDA) - 5th generation wireless IP telephony Software and hardware phones Functionality included Dedicated - Coding/decoding Wireless IP phone - Addressing and call set-up functions IP phone - Multimedia functions - Network interface Mobile IP phone Figure 10.11 Some basic facts about IP telephones 10.8.2 AD HOC NETWORKS Ad hoc networks means units that: occasionally are close to other units establish a connection between them Ad hoc networks can only function when the units are within the mutual area of coverage of the cooperating units. There are no specific access points, and the network functions without traditional routers, switches, address plans and firewalls. An example is piconet with Bluetooth. Coverage ranges from 10 metres to several hundred metres depending on the environ- ment. 10.9 SOME ENABLERS 10.9.1 (MOBILE) EXECUTION ENVIRONMENTS Java, WAP, .NET. Java is an industry-standard object-oriented language for development or deployment of applications, applets and APIs. Java is created for thin clients. The mobile terminal is an example of a very thin client. 10.9.2 SECURITY ENABLERS SIM-USIM. See Chapter 6, Section 6.14.2. AAA client HTTP/TLS/WTLS. See Chapter 6, Sections 6.7.4 and 6.7.5. Cryptography. See Chapter 6, Section 6.10. Virus via OTA is a danger. Understanding Changing Telecommunications - Building a Successful Telecom Business 10.9.3 QoS ENABLERS RTP, RTCP, RTSP, RSVP. See Chapter 7, Sections 7.5.1 and 7.5.4. CC/PP. See Chapter 7, Section 7.6.1. 10.9.4 MOBILE SERVICE ENABLERS See also Chapter 8 on service enablers. The main features of a presence service could be described by a number of questions: Who is on line? Where are they? Do they want to be contacted? If so, how? Voice, text, video, instant message? (Menu is presented on the screen if action is taken to make contact) Device Management For OTA, over-the-air configuration, the settings are sent over air to the terminal device from the operator. The device interprets the