e other one via the high capacity WLAN access network. The packet data service can be seamlessly provided between these two access forms. Network management for WLAN access can be integrated into the existing network management routines. 13.18 SATELLITE TECHNOLOGIES 13.18.1 SMALL DISH SATELLITE INTERNET Small dish satellite Internet services (such as Direct PC) provide high-quality compressed digital services delivered directly to the home. These services currently promote through- put of up to 400 kbit/s. Understanding Changing Telecommunications - Building a Successful Telecom Business 13.18.2 GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT SATELLITE The GEO system uses a satellite positioned at a specific point over the equator to give it the largest footprint. The technology has a proven reliability. Video service including TV is currently the main source of revenue. Internet and other multimedia are also expected to utilize GEO. 13.18.3 LOW EARTH ORBIT BANDWIDTH These solutions require a band of satellites around the globe. The idea is to capitalize the advantages of LEO such as absence of latency. The most well-known LEO project SO far was called Iridium with satellite telephony as a main application. 13.19 HIGH SPEED FIXED RADIO 13.19.1 POINT-TO-POINT Typical capacities range from E1/T1 to STM-1/OC-3 using radio frequency bands ranging from 7 GHz to 38 GHz. Point-to-point radio links can be deployed in ring, star and tree topologies, and offer built-in traffic routing functionality. P2P radio has a typical application area in the lower radio access network, sometimes in competition with P2MP radio below. 13.19.2 POINT-TO-MULTIPOINT The local multipoint distribution system (LMDS) is a 'last-mile' fixed wireless technology that offers line-of-sight coverage over distances up to 3-5 km. It can deliver data and telephony services to some 80 000 customers from a single node. LMDS services include delivery of voice, data, Internet and video services in the 25-GHz and higher spectrum (depending on national licensing). It can also feed radio