gure 5-1). Hosted IP Centrex Service Small organizations-meaning companies with fewer than 100 employees-are increasingly using the IP Centrex service as a way to eliminate maintenance and pro- gramming tasks for telephone service. The IP Centrex (also called Hosted IP) equip- ment is located at the provider's data center. These systems enable organizations take advantage of features such as voicemail, unified communications, and call center services without the added effort of maintaining, upgrading, or expanding them (to accommodate growth). Organizations that use Hosted IP service have the same LAN requirements, data grade cabling, adequate capacity and Ethernet switch port for tele- phones as do organizations with onsite IP Private Branch Exchanges (PBXs). During installation, the provider installs or mails telephones to customers. On an ongoing basis, the provider handles repair issues and requirements for additional or fewer telephones. With Hosted IP, incoming and outgoing voice traffic is carried over broadband access circuits. An onsite customer administrator has browser access to menu-driven interfaces known as dashboards with which the customer can easily add and delete telephone users or features for individual employees such as access to long- distance service, international calling, and voicemail. VolP for Very Small Organizations Very small organizations and startups with fewer than 25 employees often use ser- vices from companies such as Google, Skype, and Vonage that have been adapted for business. For example, features might include the ability to transfer calls to another employee in the same facility or in a remote office. The features provided also include a fixed, single phone number for mobile devices, work phones, and home phones, with a single mailbox for voicemail for all of these phones. It can also include audio and video conferencing. Some of these features were previously only available for large organizations with complex, onsite phone systems. These VoIP services enable organizatio