 Forward (SMS QOS) and Buffering Chapter Summary Telecommunications Economies of Scale Market Size and Projections Market Dynamics Impact of Band Allocation on Scale Economics 4.3.1 FDD versus TDD 4.3.2 Band Allocations, Guard Bands and Duplex Separation. The Impact on Transceiver Design, Cost and Performance 4.3.3 Software-Defined Radio, WiMax and the 2.6-GHz Extension Bands 4.3.4 Intermodulation 4.3.5 The Need to Support Higher Frequencies and Linear Power Efficiency 4.3.6 The TX/RX Switch for GSM 4.3.7 Band Switching 4.3.8 Mode Switching The Impact of Increased RF Integration on Volume Thresholds 4.4.1 Differentiating RF Technology and RF Engineering Costs 4.4.2 The Impact of Volume Thresholds and Maturity Performance Thresholds on RF Performance - A GSM Example 4.4.3 The Impact of Volume Thresholds and Maturity Performance Thresholds - A UMTS Example The RF Functions in a Phone Contents 4.5.1 RF Device Functionality and Useful Inventions Over the Past 100 Years 4.5.2 Present-Day Issues of RF Device Integration 4.5.3 The Antenna TX/RX Switch Module for GSM, Duplexers for UMTS 4.5.4 Other Front-End Switch Paths 4.5.5 MEMS Devices 4.5.6 Filtering Using Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW), Bulk Acoustic Wave (BAW) Devices and MEMS Resonators - Implications for Future Radio Systems 4.5.7 Handset RF Component Cost Trends Summary Wireless User Hardware Military and Commercial Enabling Technologies Smart Phones 5.2.1 Audio Capabilities 5.2.2 Positioning Capabilities 5.2.3 Imaging Capabilities 5.2.4 Display-Based Interaction - A Game Changer 5.2.5 Data Capabilities 5.2.6 Batteries (Again) - Impact of Nanoscale Structures Smart Phones and the User Experience 5.3.1 Standardised Chargers for Mobile Phones Summary So Far RF Component Innovation 5.5.1 RF MEMS 5.5.2 Tuneable Capacitors and Adaptive TX and RX Matching Techniques 5.5.3 Power-Amplifier Material Options 5.5.4 Broadband Power Amplifiers 5.5.5 Path Switching and Multiplexing Antenna Innovations 5.6.1 Impact of Antenna Constraints on LTE in Sub-1-GHz Bands 5.6.2 5.6.3 Ant