a, and a set of data objects. The SNMP framework includes the structure of management information that not only decides the format of information but also Management Information Base (MIB). The MIB is the database for SNMP based information and more than one MIB can be defined to support the OAM&P functions of wireless networks. SNMPv3 is the current standard version of SNMP as of 2004. The IETF Next Generation Mobile Communications Ecosystem has designated SNMPv3 a full Internet Standard, the highest maturity level for an RFC. It considers earlier versions to be obsolete (designating them "Historic"). ITU-T CMIP: OSI System Management has been derived from the guiding principles of TMN (Telecommunications Management Network). TMN is a protocol model defined by ITU-T for managing open systems in a communications network. OSI systems' man- agement uses CMIS (Common Management Information Service) service for network management. CMIP (Common Management Information Protocol) is used to implement CMIS in the OSI systems management. CMIP is also the designated protocol for FCAPS (Fault, Configuration, Accounting, Performance, Security) model. FCAPS developed in the 1980s is the ISO Telecommunications Management Network model and framework for network management. In the 1990's the ITU-T, as part of their work on Telecommu- nications Management Network (TMN), further refined the FCAPS as part of the TMN recommendation on Management Functions (M.3400). Both SNMP and CMIP are based on master/agent paradigms to provide network management services. The essential difference between CMIP and SNMP is in the way the information is defined and accessed. CNMP uses an object-oriented approach where the network devices and equipment are represented individually named managed objects. SNMP defines a remote debugging approach in which network devices and equipment are modeled using variables, with each variable representing its own type identifier. SNMP has a concept of variable tables that addresses some of the limitations of the si