capacitive agent, 554, 555 resistance, 598-599 agent address field, in SNMP messages, 558 inductance and capacitance in, 587-593 A-law companding, 113, 114 resistance in, 601 alerting, 5, 150 accounting management, network, 541 algebra, 605-611 acknowledgment (ACK) packet/signal, 257, 343 symbols and notation in, 603-604 ac ringing voltage, telephone alerting device, 94 Alliance for Telecommunication Industry adaptive differential PCM (ADPCM), 482 Solutions, 15-16 adaptive differential PCM (ADPCM), 468 all trunks busy (ATB) tone, 8, 14, 57, 68, 150 adaptive routing schemes, 182-183 alternate mark inversion (AMI), transmission ADC video systems, CATV trunk frame structure, mode, 119-120 alternating current (ac), 576, 593-602. See also ac entries add command, 399 circuits with, 33, 585-587 add-drop multiplex capability, 170 alternative (alternate) routing, 65-66 add-drop multiplexer (ADM), 499-501 AM broadcast band, 24 terminal mode of, 501f American National Standards Institute, 15 add-drops, 199, 200f American Standard Code for Information address field extension (EA) bit, 332 Interchange (ASCII), 31, 253f, 254 address (A) fields American Wire Gauge (AWG), 94, 95 addressing capacity of, 316-317 AM fiber-optic system, link budget for, 442-443, frame relay frame structure, 331 HDLC frame format, 285-286 ampere, 575-576 MAC frame, 302 amplifier, 32 address field variables, 332-333 amplitude, 23-24 address resolution protocol (ARP), 323 amplitude distortion, 45, 46, 276, 626-627 address signaling, 4, 149, 150, 154-158 amplitude equalizer, 276 multifrequency, 155-158 amplitude-frequency response, 276 ad hoc network, 342 video, 410 administrative unit group (AUG), 503 amplitude modulation (AM), 29, 30f, 81 administrative unit-n (AU-n), 503 amplitude-phase relationships, 275 administrative unit (AU) pointers, 504-506 amplitude shift keying (ASK), 268 Fundamentals of Telecommunications, Second Edition, by Roger L. Freeman ISBN 0-471-71045-8 Copyright © 2005 by Roger L. Freeman INDEX analog associated channel signaling, 1