ght, 17 carriers in the U. S., 135 Windows Media Player, 17 fund supporting mobile broadband infrastruc- microwave, 330 ture, 123 in backhaul networks, 346 independent telephone companies, 149 requirement for T3, 248 listing of worldwide services, 379 Middle East, 406 machine-to-machine (M2M) mobile services, middle-mile networks, 167, 187-191 connections on, 188 managed services, 237 costs associated with interconnection to the MVNOs, 138 Internet, 189 prepaid, 364 subsidies for, 124 push of AT&T and Verizon into, 133 MIMO (multiple input multiple output) antennas, use for Internet access in less developed areas, 333, 337, 368 management in LTE cell sites, 341 mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs), 138, use with WiMAX, 339 mini Remote Access Multiplexers (mini-RAMs), mobile wireless networks, signaling in, 208 195, 196 mobile wireless services, 309 using small DSLAMs and mini-RAMs for TV mobility and single-number service, 83 and higher speed Internet access, 195 Mobility Fund, 122, 123 MME (mobility management entity), 343 modems mobile broadband traffic, 172 DSL modems, 242 mobile carriers, 135, 388-422 function in mobile networks, 347 Asian market, 392-401 SDRs for USB modems, 348 in Euripe, 412-421 software-defined modems, 348 largest worldwide, 390-391 Modified Final Judgment, 1982 to 1983, 162 obstacles to growth in developing countries, modular construction for data center structures, 64 modulation, 202 mobile devices monitoring, signaling networks monitoring traffic, advertising revenue from, 279 applications on smartphones and tablet com- Motionbox, 285 puters, 360 movies banking transactions and payments, 362 on the Internet, 16 battery life, 358 transporting in core networks, 186-187 Flash on, 17 viewing via devices connected to Internet, 280 Index Mozy.com, 33 multinational locations, MPLS for, 226 MP3, 15 multinational organizations, fewer choices for MPEG standards, 15 primary carrier, 217 MPEG-1, 47 multi-platform mobility solutions, 355 MPEG-2, 47 multiple system operators. See MSOs MPEG-3, 47