, uplink coverage gap, and intermodulation. Uplink design also needs to face the challenges posed by flexible NR configurations. Flexible hardware sharing and higher processing power are relevant UE implementation options to handle complicated scenarios (e.g. mixed TTI). Therefore, the trade-off between system flexibility and UE device complexity/cost is critical to the success of 5G. 11 LTE B41 and NR n41: TDD 2.5 GHz (2496-2690 MHz). 12 LTE B71 and NR n71: FDD 600 MHz (Uplink: 663-698 MHz; Downlink: 617-652 MHz). 13 LTE B3: FDD 1800 MHz (Uplink: 1710-1785 MHz; Downlink: 1805-1880 MHz). 13.5 Wider Bandwidth Operation and Modem Power Consumption 13.5 Wider Bandwidth Operation and Modem Power Consumption In order to achieve higher peak data rates than achievable with 4G LTE, a wide bandwidth (e.g. 100 MHz) is necessary in 5G NR. However, although necessary to yield higher data rates, the wide bandwidth introduces a power consumption challenge for mobile devices. The power consumption of a mobile device is a very important criterion for it directly impacts the device's battery lifetime and in turn the user experience; the introduction of a new radio technology with greater capabilities should not be made at the expense of battery lifetime. While batteries with a higher power capacity can help address this chal- lenge, it is not sufficient and also not always possible, for example, due to size constraints, and hence the necessity to systematically engineer a mobile device to be as energy effi- cient as possible. With the power consumption typically scaling with any increase in data rate, such an engineering challenge is inevitably one of modem design. Furthermore, other related issues such as heat dissipation and overheating are fundamental challenges for mobile devices that are not only size-constrained, but also often handheld. This section focuses on 5G NR modem impacts for supporting wider bandwidth oper- ation from a power consumption perspective. Section 13.5.1 analyzes the power con- sumption of a typical LTE