tical transport layer, 266 licensing regimes, 394-395 Optimal placement and sizing, VNF measurements for, OpenStack, 394 384-385 pure, 54-55 Optimization algorithm SDN controllers, 101 implementation, 291 simplest form of open-source engagement, 393 improvements, 385 software, 218, 240 Orchestration, 99-100, 107, 131-132, 214-217 technologies, 7, 206 Orchestration and management function (OMF), 99 Open specifications, 234-235 Orchestrator, 58, 304 OpenStack, 50-51, 53-54, 394-396 Organic measurement functions, 369 environment, 14 Organic NFV data measurement model, 377-378 neutron, 38 Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), 234, 254, 270 neutron plugin, 322 ORM, see OpenStack resource manager Object Store project, 58 Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), 232 software, 177-178 OS, see Operating system supported KVM hypervisor, 304 OSI model, see Open Systems for Interconnection model Index OSP, see Outside plant Performance, 296, 317-318 OSPF, see Open shortest path first metrics, 332 OSS, see Operations support systems surveillance, 123 Outside plant (OSP), 229 VNFs performance profiles, 63-64 passive OSP, 231 Perimeter, 184 Overbooking resources, 380 network model, 172 Overlay network, 27, 38-39, 322 Periodic fork-lifting CPU router cards, 251 Overload controls, 16 Peripheral component interconnect (PCI), 34 OVS, see Open virtual switch Peripheral component interconnect express device (PCIe device), 63 Peripherals, 226, 227 Permissive Licenses, 394 PaaS, see Platform as a service Persistent management agent (PMA), 233 Packet-switched (PS), 294 Personal communication manager AS (PCM AS), 311 Packet core, 18 Personal communication services, 1 advantages of virtualizing EPC, 318-319 Personalized, adaptive, and dynamic (PAD), 158 capacity and scaling design, 323-324 PF, see Physical function evolving, 318 P4, see Programming protocol-independent packet processors integration with ONAP, 324 P-GW, see Packet gateway network design, 322-323 Phone Home SDN control of, 287-291 model, 221 virtual logical pla