pectrum Exclusively allocated Anyone can use the Incumbent use has the first-take usage to one operator spectrum right - when/where not in use, cell operator(s) may use the spectrum Interference No unexpected No control over No unexpected interference interference interference, other access point or user may use the same spectrum Quality Predictable Unpredictable Predictable, when use allowed 6 GHz are then more suited to delivering very large data volumes and data rates for small cell and local connectivity scenarios. The existing bands with legacy technologies may eventually be refarmed to 5G, with the expectation first aiming to refarm bands used by 2G and 3G technologies. The mainstream approach for spectrum allocation for mobile communication is the exclusive spectrum licensing, where an operator owns the rights to use a particular spectrum band, and thus the system deployed is protected from external interference as no one else is allowed to use that particular band. The complement to this is the unlicensed spectrum usage, most well known being the Wi-Fi mode of operation - no one owns the spectrum and controls the deployment, thus the coverage and service quality cannot be guaranteed, but there is no associated cost of spectrum licensing. License-Assisted Access for LTE is moving the mobile technologies to benefit from the unlicensed spectrum in addition to the licensed band. There the service is always guaranteed over the licensed band, and additional bandwidth of unguaranteed quality can be aggregated with that from the unlicensed spectrum. Between the two models, new complementary spectrum access approaches are being con- sidered, typically referred to as Licensed Shared Access and Authorized Shared Access. The intention is to unlock underutilized spectrum being used by other systems for mobile commu- nication use, when and where possible, but protect the incumbent user (e.g. radar, broadcast or military user) from the mobile communication interference when and where it may be harm- ful. The spectrum-sh