 (SC) is a collabor- ation between the O-RAN Alliance and Linux Foundation with the mission to support the creation of software for the RAN. The O-RAN Alliance is making great strides and swiftly moving to reengineer the RAN for the mo- bile industry. From a timing point of view, the most interesting is probably WG4, because that WG is concerned with the timing requirements for the front-haul network. One of WG4's documents, "O-RAN front-haul Control, User and Synchronization Plane Specification," is recommended read- ing (version 5.0 as of writing, referenced at the end of the chapter). 4.6.1 TIP OpenRAN The Telecom Infra Project (TIP) was cofounded in 2016 by Facebook, Intel, Nokia, Deutsche Telekom, and SK Telecom. Its mission is to accelerate the development and deployment of open, disaggregated, and standards-based solutions to deliver high-quality connectivity. Its more than 1000 members include a large number of Internet companies, telecom operators, technology vendors, research organizations, and system integrators. TIP has two main categories of project groups: Product Project Groups: Have three main projects that effectively make up an end-to-end net- work: Access, Transport, and Core and Services. These groups are focused on innovating and building the right products. Solution Group: Aims to codify open, disaggregated, interoperable network elements into a broad range of end-to-end solutions. As shown in Figure 4-6, each main project is further divided into project and solution groups more focused on a particular product area or solution type. Product Group Solution Group Transport Core & Services Access Project Project Project All Radio access Connected city Non-terrestrial End-to-end network infrastructure network (RAN) connectivity initiative slicing (E2E-NS) solutions Network as a CrowdCell Edge application service (NaaS) mmWave networks developer Open cellular Open automation Open optical & Open core network OpenRAN packet transport OpenRAN 5G NR Wireless backhaul Wi-Fi Figure 4-6 Telecom Infra Pr