ere is no information back from the terminals to the network which could result in performance degradation. IMS, Services and Applications BCMCS Subscriber Subscriber Profile Profile Database Manager BCMCS Content H-AAA Provider Third party Home Network Serving Network BCMCS BCMCS S-AAA Content Controller Provider BCMCS Content Server BCMCS Signaling Content Bearer Path (Original content) Provider Bearer Path (Content may be reformatted) Out of Scope of this document Figure 9.21 EV-DO/BCMCS network reference model. Reproduced with permission from C 2007 3GPP2 [30] Base Station 1 Base Station 2 BCMCS Content Server Base Station 3 Level 1 IP Multicast Tree from Content Server to BSN within Core Network Base Station 4 Level 2 Uni-directional Link Level Multicast from BSN to Terminals BCMC Tree IP Multicast Tree BCMC Tree Figure 9.22 BCMCS tree format Next Generation Mobile Communications Ecosystem 9.12.2.8.2 Performance BCMCS offers two benefits to operators: the ability to offer multicast multimedia services using existing EV-DO infrastructure with minimal upgrade, and the ability to monetize network idle time through cache casting. EV-DO Rev. A supports Platinum Multicast that can triple the capacity of the Rev. 0 BCMCS Gold Multicast solution. KDDI of Japan has pioneered the BCMCS service in Japan and in the world in 2006/2007. KDDIs EZ News Flash and EZChannelPlus services use BCMCS. EZ News Flash provides hourly news and weather updates throughout the day. The EZChannelPlus is a broadcast service that provides the preview of popular content such as music, audio and video clips along with ranking and other related information. The subscribers can preview the clips free of cost, and download the full versions by paying a nominal fee. Due to BCMCS, the EZChannelPlus is cost effective as this service costs less than accessing the same content through unicast [32]. 9.12.2.9 OMA-BCAST There are multiple standards to address the bearer aspects of mobile TV. However, there was a need to address interoperability between