ain to maintain the single-carrier properties and thereby ensure power-efficient transmission. This approach is often referred to as blocked or localized SC-FDMA [11]. Transmission with MIMO (multiple input and multiple output) antennas are supported in multiple configurations including those with two or four transmit antennas and two or four receive antennas, which allow for multi-layer transmissions with up to four streams. Multi-user MIMO that is, allocation of different streams to different users is supported in both UL (uplink) and DL (downlink). Like its predecessors, LTE also supports Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) over a Single Frequency Network (MBSFN). In MBSFN a time-synchronized common waveform is transmitted from multiple cells for a given duration. MBSFN transmission enables highly efficient MBMS, allowing for over-the-air combining of multi-cell transmissions in the UE, where the cyclic prefix is utilized to cover the difference in the propagation delays, which makes the MBSFN transmission appear to the UE as a transmission from a single large cell. Transmission on a dedicated carrier for MBSFN with the possibility to use a longer CP with a sub-carrier bandwidth of 7.5 kHz is supported as well as transmission of MBSFN on a carrier with both MBMS transmissions and point-to-point transmissions using time division multiplexing. 3.5 PHY Layer (Layer 1) 3GPP has documented multiple specifications to address the different aspects of the physical layer. The physical layer specification consists of a general document (TS 36.201), and four documents (TS 36.211 through 36.214). The relationship between the physical layer specifications in the context of the higher layers is shown in Figure 3.3. In addition, TS 36.302 describes the services and functions of PHY layer and the model of physical layer which is not shown in Figure 3.3: TS 36.201 Physical Layer General Description: This specification provides general description of the physical layer. TS 36.211 Physical channels and modulation: 