-upon standard software platform. Thus, different chips and software are required for Apple os and Android operating systems because different carriers and mobile operating systems adopt different software. www.TechnicalPDF.com Machine-to-Machine Communications between Devices with Embedded Radios Machine-to-machine (M2M) mobile services refer to services that automatically monitor the status of other systems or send software updates to devices. An example of an M2M service is a central system that monitors vending machines remotely to determine inventory levels and diagnose possible problems. Another example of M2M traffic is automatic monitoring of residential electric meters. Both of these applications require software platforms and radios at customer data centers as well as software and radios in the device to be updated or managed. Software is required in the vending machines and meters that are able to connect to a mobile network. However, these upgrades might require large investments. This is true when new software is added to a utility's meters. There is a potential to save on operational costs by eliminating the need for technicians to manually read the meters. It also has the potential to enable utilities to use energy more efficiently by monitoring the grid and adjusting power distribution accordingly. These transmissions are carried over a mobile carrier's second-generation network. Many of the current applications do not transmit enormous amounts of data. M2M applications represent a revenue opportunity for mobile carriers. One reason is that there are many more machines than there are end users, and many machines now include software that can be upgraded for over-the- air diagnosis and updates. Automobiles are examples of systems that contain more and more software, including in-car entertainment systems that require automatic over-the-air updates. Many new cars include options for touch screens on dashboards to activate various networked functions and entertainment systems. These include in-car Wi