See Table 3.1 for a breakdown. The 22 Bell Operating Companies were rolled up into seven similar-sized Regional BOCS (RBOCs). The "Bell" trademark became the RBOCs' collective prop- erty. AT&T shareholders were to be given shares in each RBOC, unless they chose otherwise. Bell Labs itself was split up. Much of it became part of a "cen- tral services organization" owned collectively by the RBOCs, with a mix of Divestiture: Equal Access and Chinese Walls Table 3.1 Bell Operating Companies Prior to 1984 and the RBOCs Originally Created Pre-1984 BOC Post-2000 New England Telephone NYNEX Verizon New York Telephone NYNEX Verizon New Jersey Bell Bell Atlantic Verizon Bell of Pennsylvania Bell Atlantic Verizon Diamond State Telephone (subsidiary) Bell Atlantic Verizon Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone of Virginia Bell Atlantic Verizon Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone of DC Bell Atlantic Verizon Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone of Maryland Bell Atlantic Verizon Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone of West Virginia Bell Atlantic Verizon Southern Bell BellSouth BellSouth South Central Bell BellSouth BellSouth Ohio Bell Ameritech Michigan Bell Ameritech Indiana Bell Ameritech Illinois Bell Ameritech Wisconsin Bell Ameritech Southwestern Bell Pacific Bell Pacific Telesis Nevada Bell (subsidiary) Pacific Telesis Mountain Bell US West Qwest Northwestern Bell US West Qwest Pacific Northwest Bell US West Qwest Southern New England Telephone (independent) Cincinnati Bell (independent) (independent) (Southern New England Telephone and Cincinnati Bell were Bell System licensees but AT&T held only a minority interest, so they were treated as independent). responsibilities for network administration, software development, and consult- ing. It was initially called Bell Communications Research, or Bellcore for short. Some years later, after the RBOCs became more of each others' competitors and thus less interested in a joint venture, it was sold off and renamed Telcordia Technologies. The Great Telecom Meltdown The Money's in Long Distance, Right? C