t, data rate, coverage and capacity in varying radio conditions. VoIP and multimedia applications performance were also measured. The evaluation was performed in two different setups and in two totally different RF environments. The tests were conducted with a 5-MHz channel using a 512 FFT at 3.5 GHz in TDD mode. During the entire testing exercise the traffic ratio was 4:1 (downlink : uplink). The indoor CPEs (Customer Premise Equipment) and PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) cards were used for testing, as outdoor CPEs were not available during the trial. The key limitations were - backhaul limited to 6 Mbps, limited mobility7, and lack of QoS support in the solutions. Handoffs from one base station to another are not allowed by the Pakistan Telecom Authority. Next Generation Mobile Communications Ecosystem ASN GW ASN GW CITY B Internet CITY A Figure 4.15 First test bed architecture 4.5.1.1 Test Setups and Scenarios The first test bed (Figure 4.15) consisted of two cell sites in two different cities. City A is suburban and has a flat terrain where the test network consisted of one 3-sector cell site, ASN GW, core equipment, local FTP (File Transfer Protocol) server and connectivity to Internet. The core equipment included AAA, DCHP and DNS servers. The urban City B network provided OMC (Operations Maintenance Center) functionality and had one ASN GW and a WiMAX enabled 3-sector cell site. The testing was physically conducted in City A to ease the trouble shooting process due to presence of majority of the equipment. This setup was placed to fulfill certain regulatory obligations. The second test bed (Figure 4.16) consisted of five cell sites in a large metropolitan city. All the five 3-sector cell sites were roughly covering the area of 5 sq km. Like the first test-bed the cell sites were connected to one ANS which is then connected to the core network which consisted of AAA, DCHP, and DNS servers. The core network was then connected to OMC supported via the same city and to the Int