nternet. 3G video telephony today is a circuit-switched application using 3G-324M, a protocol based on H.324 that was adopted because the UMTS packet network wasn't ready to handle real-time full-duplex video. Live video requires intensive use of capacity. Many 3G operators allocate 64Kbps channels for video telephony and often find that this is not enough. How- ever, going up to 128Kbps affects overall network capacity. In addition, reducing the number of users supported in a cell increases the price of providing video tele- phony. Another problem that results in degraded video telephony quality is poor radio performance. Unfortunately, there is no easy fix for this: It is a matter of weighing the parameter tradeoffs for different services in each cell. A good example of maintaining balance is in the area of power control. High-quality video requires almost perfect power control, but you cannot demand too much power from the handset without significantly reducing the battery life. Another current shortcoming of mobile video is that cellular companies have little or no experience running live video over a network, which requires serious network management. Monitoring video service is a major issue for 3G operators. Today, video management is limited to fault monitoring, but there are few, if any, mechanisms for evaluating services. Part of the problem has been lack of proper test-and-measurement equipment. The test-and-measurement community is respond- ing with new or upgraded tools to analyze 3G video quality. New products are also addressing the network engineering part of the equation, referred to as performance engineering. Actix (www.actix.com) claims to allow engineers to squeeze more capability out of the existing network and to more accurately pinpoint trouble spots in the network. The complexity of mobile video is going to increase when video calls go from the circuit-switched 3G-324M approach to SIP-based video calls. 3GPP adopted Mobile TV H.324 with a few modifications and called the new specification