 years. It cited the estimate made by Cisco Systems in its Global Mobile Data Forecast 2009-2014 that smartphones consume 30 times more data than basic phones. Smart- phones generate hundreds of megabytes per month; and tablets and laptops consume gigabytes of data monthly. In the United States, all of the spectrum bands suitable for mobile communications are already used by mobile carriers or have been allocated for other purposes. Thus, in order to free up spectrum for high-capacity mobile networks, organizations government agencies already using these bands must be moved to other bands. The National Broadband Plan listed steps that should be taken to free up this spectrum for new mobile technologies. There is a concern that inefficiencies in allocating spectrum will create delays and an inadequate supply of spectrum. In the past, allocating spectrum for new uses has taken an average of ten years. Once an organization has rights to spectrum, it might not want to give it up because of its potential future value. For example, the D Block of the 700MHz frequencies was allocated for public safety to build a nationwide network designed with compatible protocols on 700MHz spectrum. This would enable devices to communicate with one another during national emergencies. Public safety organizations consist mainly police, fire, and highway departments. The D-Block allocation was triggered by the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City and the Pentagon in Washington, DC In the immediate aftermath of the attacks, police and fire departments often had difficulty communicating with neighboring departments for assistance because they used devices that were incompatible with one another. To be compatible, each device must be manu- factured to operate on the same spectrum and use the same protocols. Using Incentive Auctions to Speed Up Spectrum Availability Although they have rights to nationwide spectrum in the 700MHz D Block, to date the public safety organizations have not begun construction of a