R-PLANE = 4.8 ms is obtained for p = 0.1. CHAPTER 12 Performance of IEEE 802. 16m and 3GPP LTE-Advanced TABLE 12-21 3GPP LTE Uplink Link-Level Simulation Results for the Mobility Requirements Uplink Spectral Path Loss Model Duplex Median Efficiency (LoS/NLoS) Scheme Environment RRequirements SINR(dB) (bits/s/Hz) Antenna 13.89 Configuration 1 X 4 (NLoS) Antenna 13.89 Configuration 1 X 4 (LoS) Antenna 13.89 Configuration 1 X 4 (NLoS) Antenna 13.89 Configuration 1 X 4 (LoS) TABLE 12-22 3GPP LTE-Advanced Peak Spectral Efficiency [3] Spectral Efficiency Scheme Duplex Scheme Direction (bits/s/Hz) ITU-R Requirement Downlink Rel-8 4-Layer Spatial Multiplexing 8-Layer Spatial Multiplexing ITU-R Requirement Uplink 2-Layer Spatial Multiplexing 4-Layer Spatial Multiplexing ITU-R Requirement Downlink Rel-8 4-Layer Spatial Multiplexing 8-Layer Spatial Multiplexing ITU-R Requirement Uplink 2-Layer Spatial Multiplexing 4-Layer Spatial Multiplexing 12.10 3GPP LTE-advanced link-level and system-level performance Processing Processing 1.5 ms 1.5ms HARQ Round Trip Time Processing Processing 1.5 ms 1.5 ms U-Plane Latency Analysis (FDD) Frame Processing Alignment + Processing 1.5ms 1 ms +TFA U-Plane Latency Analysis (TDD Downlink) Frame Alignment + Processing Processing 1.5 ms 1 ms +TFA U-Plane Latency Analysis (TDD Uplink) FIGURE 12-21 3GPP LTE user-plane latency calculation model [13] The user-plane one-way latency for a scheduled UE in the TDD mode consists of fixed node processing delays, radio frame alignment, and TTI duration. The latency component can be seen in Figure 12-21 for the downlink and uplink. Using the latency model shown in Figure 12-21, the total one-way processing time is 2.5 ms, TFA is the radio frame alignment which depends on various configurations of the TDD frame structure, and the TTI duration is 1 ms, hence, the user-plane latency of the TDD mode can be written as SER-PLANE = 3.5 + TFA + pTRTT where TRTT is the average HARQ round-trip time and p is the error probability of the first HARQ transmission. Table