bre, cable, copper and wireless, can, however, potentially deliver social and economic progress based on social and economic equality, the precondition for achieving at least a measure of political stability. Connectivity could be more broadly defined 7 As reported by Bong Goon Kwah, Korea Telecom Cambridge Wireless Conference, 27 June 2011. Wireless Radio Access Network Hardware and delivered as a superutility in order to realise a step function reduction in connectivity cost and energy efficiency. 12.9 Connected Economies - A Definition Connected economies can be interpreted on several levels. There is a close interconnectivity between developed, emerging and survival economies and a growing recognition that South America, Africa and Greater Asia will be or will continue to be the engines of future global prosperity providing fast growth markets for the developed world to serve. The 2016 Olympics in Brazil will be a reflection of this global transition. Additionally, these emerging economies are becoming increasingly able to undertake local technology and engineering development. Over six million young people graduated from Chinese universities this year of which about half a million are engineering graduates - an engine of innovation. India similarly is producing 400 000 new engineers per year. The availability and cost and effectiveness of engineering resource is closely coupled with the world's ability to deliver connectivity. Additionally, telecoms connectivity is dependent on the availability of civil engineering skills and an ability to source and use energy as efficiently as possible. The telecom companies that trace their heritage back to the Victorian era, Cable and Wireless, British Telecoms and Siemens being three examples, have built their business on the back of multidiscipline skills that include mechanical, civil and energy engineering. Most telecoms companies today regard a capability to source and use energy efficiently as a core part of the connectivity proposition for both rural and urban dep