ization, 180-181 3GPP, 212-214, 320 PCIe per-lane performance, 179t 5G standards, 357 Transmission Time Interval (TTI), 65, 110 I/Q transport, 223-224 Transmit ON/OFF power, 335 Layer-2 protocol stack and interfaces, 49f, 60f Transmit operation, 126 protocol, 187-188 Transmit Power Control (TPC), 66 split and terminology, 44f Transmit/reception point (TRP), 28, 255 standards, 32, 333, 350-353 Transmitted signal quality, 335 high reliability, 352-353 Transmitter, 335 Index intermodulation, 335 test pool, 338 spurious emissions, 335 User Equipment bandwidth reduction, 361 Transparent Mode (TM), 220-221 User Plane (UP), 31, 43, 45f, 46f, 143 Transport Blocks (TBs), 59, 123-124, 223 application components level CRC, 124-125 DFE, 230-234 Transport channels, 70-71 eCPRI protocol, 223-228 Tunnel Endpoint Identifier (TEID), 53, 215 GTP protocol, 215-217 "Turbo" frequency, 140 low physical layer, 228-229 Two-way protocol, 279 MAC protocol, 222-223 2G networks, 215 PDCP protocol, 217-220 Tx droop correction, 337 RLC protocol, 220-222 Tx gain/phase error, 337 User selection Tx LO leakage correction, 336 active, 251 Type of Service (ToS), 98 primary, 251-252 Users/transmission time interval, 110-111 UTC. See Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) U-plane latency, 342 Utility function, 251 Ubuntu, 186 Ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), 5-6,349-354 Vector-Length Agnostic programming model 3GPP standards, 350-353 (VLA programming model), 176 in 5G/NR, 350-353 Vehicle-to-anything standards and deployment deployment options including edge compute timeline, 355-358 and software-defined networking, 353-354 4G C-V2X (PC5), 356-357 use cases and requirements, 350t 802.11p, 356 UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network deployment timeline, 358 (UTRAN), 53 NR C-V2X (PC5), 357 Unacknowledged Mode (UM), 220-221 standards summary, 357-358 Unified Data Management (UDM), 47 different wireless protocol stacks, 357-358 Unit testing, 330, 333 V2X protocol stacks, 358f Unlicensed spectrum, 13-14 Vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), 355, 355f U