the 3GPP UMTS21 model mean that cellular mobile has reached its limits, showing that the technology cannot be stretched further. New technologies, rather than extensions of current technologies, may be the answer. High accessibility will continue to be the lasting trend - the more ubiquitous and pervasive the access to communications, the surer it is to enter into general use. Access includes cost for many potential users, SO a falling cost of infrastructure access per subscriber will be a key parameter, again continuing a past trend in telecommunications. The second main development has been the general move to higher bandwidth, right down to the local loop for media services including Internet access. Here we can observe a move in demand away from the "plain vanilla voice" role of telecommunications into multimedia data. This is also likely to continue. Governments also realise that telecommunications (such as today's push for local access broadband) has important social and economic benefits. Broadband has been promulgated as the cornerstone of the digital economy and there has been recognition by many policy makers that without competitive provision of broadband access, price levels for access would remain high and the diffusion of broadband would remain low. The question is therefore how to implement it. The current infrastructure approach using fixed line, either hybrid fibre coax (HFC) or purely fibre optics, or possibly twisted pair over short distances, may be in doubt if lower-cost wireless technology can do the job, such as Korea's WiBro. INFRASTRUCTURE TO 2030: TELECOM, LAND TRANSPORT, WATER AND ELECTRICITY - ISBN 92-64-02398-4 © OECD 2006 2. TELECOMS INFRASTRUCTURE TO 2030 The third development of the past few decades likely to continue is the fundamental enabler of telecommunications progress - the enhancement of competition in services, technologies and infrastructures, through the measures of liberalisation of telecommunications. Such deregulation will include the unbundling of tied assets where t