chnology 64 Kbs Voice Channels Over Migrating to Packet Switching Over Unchannelized SONET/ Order Entry Computer Terminal Web-Based Customer Entry Paycheck Distribution Paper Direct Deposit, Electronic Check Stub Delivery Telephone Equipment Centrex Or PBX Migrating To VOIP On LANs comparison of how things were done before 1996 and after 2000. The change is profound and pervasive. Broadening the scope of the subject, perhaps it's noteworthy to observe that during the period from 1996 through 2001, the fastest growing and most popular items to be acquired included pagers, 11 MANAGING COST OF EQUIPMENT FACILITIES AND SERVICES mobile telephones, and Internet access. Any enterprise with even one iota of self-confidence and competitive spirit has to have a website. Enterprises adopted the time-honored academic practice of surviving: publish or perish. Money spent on web publishing soared with promise of great savings on product brochures, telephone direc- tories, employee guidebooks, and other works formerly published on paper and transported by physical means. Multiple page docu- ments-agreements, contracts, letters, and similar material clogging fax machines and moving through overnight mail and package deliv- ery services became simple email attachments or file transfers over the Internet at a fraction of the cost of physical transport. The short and simple phrase "change the way we do business" had and still has powerful meaning. Speed or time to market became the primary rationale for blocking competition and growing market share. Enterprises rushed to field an e-commerce strategy for the sake of being innovative. Many firms underanalyzed, overinvested, and forgot or relegated return on in- vestment (ROI) to the back burner, thinking it was a fruit to be enjoyed somewhere down the information-technology road. Many organizations changed the way they did business, except for the manner in which they contracted and accounted for the cost communications. The term cost as used here is a technical term used by accounta