y other networks rather than the primary network. In the most common case, one network will perform the distribution and sortation services associated with origination and a portion of the transmission services before handing the communication off to another network to provide the balance of the transmission services and the sortation and distribution services associated with termination. The fact that many customers will reside on other networks necessarily implies that the other networks may serve as substitutes for, rather than complements to, the primary network. Thus, there is a greater possibility of a reduction in demand for network capacity under interconnection access than under the other forms of access we have discussed. Interconnection access also has implications for network configuration. Regard- less of whether total traffic is increased by interconnection, satisfying regulatory requirements for connection to other networks can require multiple points of entry with elimination of bottlenecks for related traffic. Furthermore, decisions about which technologies to employ in constructing a network depend on the magni- tude of the projected demand as well as the feasibility of aggregating traffic to take advantage of the available economies of scale. As noted in Chapter 2, when traffic is large enough, it makes sense for networks to deploy higher fixed-cost technol- ogy that reduces the per-unit variable costs of transmission. By diverting traffic onto other networks, imposing interconnection access can render network con- figurations uneconomical that would otherwise be efficient. 4. Platform Access The impact of platform access on the demand for network capacity is also ambigu- ous, although for reasons that are different from those for wholesale and intercon- nection access. Whether it increases or decreases demand depends on the relative benefits of standardization and product variety. On the one hand, standardization ensures that customers have access to the full range of complementary services th