s, animation, video, and interactivity) to inform or entertain users. Wireless multimedia is an essential element of various application services described in this section which must be supported by IMT-Advanced systems. Furthermore, location-based services, which depend on the present location of a user, enable users to find other people, vehicles, resources, services, or machines. Video conferencing is a full-duplex, real-time audiovisual communication between or among end users. Remote collaboration is sharing of files and documents in real-time among users that are members of a project. It mainly involves data transferred between multiple users that are connected to a server or directly between the user terminals. This includes facilities for a virtual office that is a personal online office, where the data and files can be shared in real-time. Mobile commerce service is the buying and selling of goods and services through wireless terminals. It mainly involves data transferred between user equipment and financial servers connected with secured databases. This service also enables the real-time sharing and management of information on products, inventory, availability, etc. This service requires a high level of reliability. Mobile broadcasting is a point-to-multipoint transmission of multimedia content over one or multiple radio access networks. This further includes interactive content or IP-TV, which requires the ability to interact with an audio/video program by exchanging multimedia information. The IP television is a system where a digital television service is delivered using a broadband IP network infrastructure. 1.1.2 Requirements of 4G Mobile Broadband Wireless Access Systems The service and application requirements have been translated to design requirements for the next generation of mobile broadband wireless access systems. The design requirements encompass a wide range of system attributes, such as data and signaling transmission latency over the airlink, system data "http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/ VA