 parameters listed in the previous sections are: 3.84 Mcps chip rate considered; 24 dBm Max TX power for the UE (results provided for 21 dBm terminals as well); 68 dB dynamic range for the power control; The UMTS Network and Radio Access Technology number of snapshots per simulation (3000). Therefore, the considered parameters are shown in Table 5.24. Table 5.24 Simulation Parameters 24 dBm Terminals 70 dB BS antenna gain 11 dBi MS antenna gain 0 dBi Log normal shadowing Standard Deviation of 10 dB No. of snapshots Handover threshold Noise figure of BS receiver Thermal noise (NF included) - -103.16 dBm@3.84 MHz Max TX power of MS 21 dBm/24 dBm Power control dynamic range 65 dB/68 dB Cell radius 577 m (for both systems) Inter-site distance 1000 m (for both systems) BS offset between two systems Intermediate: (0.25 km, 0.14425 km) 0.289 km shift (x, y) Worst: (0.5 km, 0.2885 km) 0.577 km shift User bit rate 8 kbps and 144 kbps Activity Target Eb/IO 6.1 dB (8 kbps), 3.1dB?(144 kbps) 25-40 dB 5.5.6.3 Summary of Simulation Parameters For completeness in Table 5.25 we list the same assumptions simulation parameters as in [5] to be consistent with the example results in the forthcoming sections. Table 5.25 Parameter UL value DL value Simulation type Snapshot Snapshot Propagation parameters MCL macro (including antenna gain) 70 dB 70 dB MCL micro (including antenna gain) 53 dB 53 dB Antenna gain (including losses) 11 dBi 0 dBi 0 dBi 11 dBi Log Normal fade margin 10 dB 10 dB PC modelling No. of snapshots > 10000 for speech > 10000 for speech >10 X no. of snapshots for >10 X no. of snapshots for speech for 144 kbps ser- speech in the 144 kbps case >20 000 for data No. of PC steps per snapshot > 150 Step size PC Perfect PC Perfect PC The UTRA Transmission System PC error Margin with respect to target CII Initial TX power Path loss and noise, 6 dB Random initial noise rise Outage condition Eb/NO target not reached Eb/NO target not reached due to lack of TX power due to lack of TX power Satisfied user Measured Eb/NO higher th