 the Chinese and Japanese languages. In Japanese, children must learn 1006 kanjis (Gakushuu) over a six-year elementary school cycle. To read Japanese newspapers one must master 1945 official kanjis (. The Jy extends to 2928 kanjis when including people's names. Note that written Japanese is completed with two syllabary alphabets (Hiragana and Katakana), each having 46 different characters. In modern Chinese, literacy requires mastering about 3000 kanjis, while educated people may know between 4000 and 5000 kanjis. Comprehensive Chinese dictionaries include between 40 000 and 0000 kanjis. These impressive figures should not obscure the fact that Western languages also have phenomenal inventories of dictionary words, despite their limited 26-character (or so) alphabets. Apart from technical literature, a few thousand words are required to master reading and writing English, with up to 10 000 for the most educated people. The inventories of French and German come to 100 000 to 185 000 words, while English is credited with a whopping 500 000 words (750 000 if old English is included). As with oriental languages, it is not clear, however, if such a profusion of language "codewords" is truly representative of any current or relevant use. Another consideration is that words in Western languages are usually recognized "at once" by the educated human brain, without detailed character-by-character analysis, which in fact makes alphabetical codewords similar to super-alphabetical symbols, just like Chinese or Japanese kanjis. The latter might be more complex to draw and to memorize (especially concerning their individual phonetics!), but they have a more compact form than the alphabet-based Western "codewords." However, the key advantage of languages using limited-size alphabets (such as based on 26 characters, and 28 or 29 for Swedish or Norwegian) is the easiness to learn, read, pronounce, and write words, especially in view of handwriting skills and adult personalization. With super-alphabets, these different tasks are 