te the desired tutorial on the CD-ROM using the Browse feature and click "OK." The tutorials contain basic descriptions and text to help you use them. Brief descriptions are also given in the following pages. MATLAB is a registered trademark of The MathWorks, Inc. ch2.m Demonstrates the creation of the DS-1 signal. ch4_1.m Shows the different sampling techniques, and the effects of sampling at above and below the Nyquist rate. ch4_2.m Demonstrates quantization, and computation of the MSE. ch4_3.m Explains the operation of the DM. ch5_1.m Shows the workings of modulation techniques such as BPSK and BFSK. ch5_2.m Explains how three signals are represented by two orthonormal basis functions. ch5_3.m Illustrates the damaging effect of noise and the operation of decision devices. ch5_4.m Demonstrates the performance curve for BPSK signals. ch7.m Shows how a convolutional coder and convolutional decoder work. xviii ch8.m Provides an example of how TCM works at the coder and the decoder side. ch9_1.m Demonstrates how the sinc and raised cosine pulse shapes avoid ISI. ch9_2.m Shows how the decision device operates in the optimal receiver. ch11.m Provides colorful examples of TDMA, FDMA, MC-CDMA, DS-CDMA, and CIMA. ch12.m Illustrates the different analog modulation techniques. Please note that the other files on the CD-ROM are subroutines that are called by the above-named files. You won't want to run them on their own, but you will need them to run these tutorials. For MATLAB product information, please contact: The Math Works, Inc. 3 Apple Hill Drive Natick, MA, 01760-2098 USA Tel: 508-647-7000 Fax: 508-647-7101 E-mail: info@mathworks.com Web: www.mathworks.com Chapter Introducing Telecommunications can still recall sitting in my first class on telecommunications as an undergrad-the teacher going off into a world of technical detail and I in my chair wondering, "What is this stuff called communications and telecommunications?" So, first, some simple definitions and examples-the big picture. 1.1 Communication Systems 1.1