 engineer, project leader, and group leader at "Commissariat A l'Energie Atomique" (CEA), the French Agency for Atomic Energy. In 1992, he became head of the Radiation Hardening Section at CEA. In 1994, Dr. Leray was awarded "Grand Prix de l'Electronique Général Ferrié" by SEE (Société des Electriciens et des Electroniciens, Paris) and FIEE (French Federation of the Electronic Industries) for works in design and hardening of integrated technologies for military, space, and high-energy physics applications. Dr. Leray has served as Session Chair for the IEEE NSREC, and as Short Course Instructor and Technical Program Chair for RADECS. He is the author or co- author of more than 110 publications and 4 book chapters, and holds one patent. In 1998, he was awarded the medal "Chevalier des Palmes Académiques" by the Ministry of Education and Research. Dr. Leray is now a scientific assistant and program advisor to the director of the department in charge of hardening matters at CEA. He is a "Membre Sénior" of SEE and a Senior Member of the IEEE. Paul W. Marshall Consultant Paul W. Marshall received his B. S. in Physics from James Madison University in 1980, his M. S. in Radiation Biophysics from the Medical College of Virginia in 1982, and his Ph. D. from the Department of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics at the University of Virginia in 1985. Since 1985, he has been employed by SFA, Incorporated, under contracts supporting the Naval Research Laboratory's Radiation Effects Branch. His activities there have included development of proton test capabilities for microelectronic and photonic components of interest to satellite developers. Basic mechanisms of proton interactions have been a major emphasis in his studies of displacement damage and single event effects from protons. Since 1991 Dr. Marshall has been engaged, first as a collaborator and more recently as a consultant, with the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center's Radiation Effects Group where he supports component and subsystem evaluations for numerous fli