r 144 channels. Fractional T3s are cheaper than a full T3 line. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) A part of the TCP/IP suite of Internet protocols. It is software that lets users download files from a remote computer to their computer's hard drive. gateway Allows equipment with different protocols to communicate with one another. For example, gateways are used when incompatible video systems are used for a video conference. Gigabit Ethernet A high-speed service used for site-to-site carriers' backbone networks, metropolitan area networks, Internet access, and in enterprise internal networks. These networks operate at 1- or 10Gbps. gigabits per second www.TechnicalPDF.com Billions of bits per second (Gbps). Fiber-optic cables carry signals at this speed. GPRS (General Packet Radio Services) A cellular data-packet network service. Upgrades to digital cellular networks are required to provision the service. This is an "always on" data service that users do not have to dial into to access. Its data rates are lower than EDGE and 3G protocols. GPS (Global Positioning System) Used for locational tracking purposes. For example, many wireless E-911 systems are based on GPS satellites along with equipment at a carrier's cell stations and special handsets. GPU (Graphic Processing Unit) Specialized computer chips able to manipulate graphics. GPUs are used in mobile phones, game consoles, and computers. GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) The most widely deployed cellular service, worldwide. It is a digital service that was first used in Europe in the 1990s. H.320 The standard for enabling video conference equipment from multiple vendors to communicate with each other by using ISDN service. H.323 An ITU-based standard for sending voice via IP. H.323 was originally developed for video conferencing. H.324 An ITU standard for sending video, voice, and data between devices over a single analog, dial-up telephone www.TechnicalPDF.com line using a 28.8Kbps modem. Compression is used on the voice, video, and data. HBA (Host Bus