ll be 100 Mb/s or more, but the actual data rate the user requires may vary from 10 kb/s to 100 Mb/s dynamically. In order to meet this requirement, the radio resource allocation strategy of the future mobile communication system must be flexible enough to accommodate the dynamical variety efficiently. For the convergence of network and service, many kinds of wireless access sys- items will be included in the 4G system, such as cellular mobile communication systems, wideband wireless access systems, satellite systems, and rover systems. To satisfy the mobility requirements of the user, the 4G system should support an open network interface, provide interconnectivity between all kinds of wireless access systems, support seamless roaming between different networks, and ensure conti- nuity of service for users. © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Evolution from TD-SCDMA to FuTURE Based on the preceding considerations, the FuTURE system will have the fol- lowing features in radio transmission technology: all-IP-based architecture on the interconnectivity of an IP v.6 core network; separated control plane and user plane and wireless access networks trans- parent to the core network; flat network structure and cellular network topology suites for high-fre- quency electromagnetic wave transmission and multiantenna technology; air interface that suits the packet burst service, with the peak data rate of 100 Mb/s-1 Gb/s and service with dynamic range by allocating the radio resource flexibly; for high-speed movement, frequency spectrum efficiency reaching 2-5 b/s/ Hz; for low-speed movement, reaching 5-10 b/s/Hz - or higher; maximum frequency bandwidth of 20 MHz and frequency carrier of 3.5 GHz; for voice services, a bit error rate (BER) of no more than 1E-03; for data services, of no more than 1E-06; support of vehicular speed up to 250 km/h; peak-to-average ratio (PAR) of radio transmission signals of less than 10 dB; end-to-end QoS guarantee better than that of the current telecommunica- tion real-time service; suppo