a 2 satellite had/has a 12-metre antenna array. The GPS frequency at 1575.42 sits reasonably conveniently between the L band uplink and downlink frequencies used in the handset. There were no stated plans for a hybrid ATC network. 16.25 ACeS L Band GSO Plus Triband GSM and GPS More or less equivalent to Thuraya combining service from one geostationary satellite launched in 2000 and positioned to provide optimal coverage over Asia rather than the Middle East. Inmarsat and Aces proposed to combine their network proposition to provide global coverage. There were no stated plans for a hybrid ATC network. 16.26 Mobile Satellite Ventures L Band GSO Plus ATC Mobile Satellite Ventures planned to launch two geostationary satellites in 2009/2010. These were large satellites weighing 5500 kg with a 22-metre antenna array and 500 spot beams. Coverage was to be optimised for the US, Southern Canada and Latin America. The company had a license to deploy a 30-MHz paired band with the lower duplex between 1525 and 1559 paired with the upper duplex between 1625.5 and 1660.6 MHz based on proposals first tabled to the FCC in 2001. This became the basis for the LightSquared business case. The mobile uplink was to be processed by both satellites with the signal being diversity combined, a technique also used by Globalstar. Terrestrial transmitters were to be added to existing cellular sites to provide additional coverage and capacity. Essentially this was an extension of the terrestrial repeater principle to two-way communication based on a combi- nation of terrestrial cells with a radius of between one and five kilometres nesting within a satellite cell with a radius of about 100 km. This brought Mobile Satellite Ventures into direct competition not only with terrestrial broadcasters but also with cellular service providers. Mo- bile Satellite Ventures claimed to have substantial patent-based intellectual property regarding space/terrestrial frequency reuse, beam forming with larger arrays and handover algorithms. There was some cro