n equation containing recently decoded bins. DC transform coefficient: A transform coefficient for which the frequency index is zero in all dimensions. decoded picture: A decoded picture is derived by decoding a coded picture. A decoded picture is either a decoded frame, or a decoded field. A decoded field is either a decoded top field or a decoded bottom field. decoded picture buffer (DPB): A buffer holding decoded pictures for reference, output reordering, or output delay specified for the hypothetical reference decoder in Annex C. decoder: An embodiment of a decoding process. decoder under test (DUT): A decoder that is tested for conformance to this Recommendation International Standard by operating the hypothetical stream scheduler to deliver a conforming bitstream to the decoder and to the hypothetical reference decoder and comparing the values and timing of the output of the two decoders. decoding order: The order in which syntax elements are processed by the decoding process. decoding process: The process specified in this Recommendation International Standard that reads a bitstream and derives decoded pictures from it. direct prediction: An inter prediction for a block for which no motion vector is decoded. Two direct prediction modes are specified that are referred to as spatial direct prediction and temporal prediction mode. Rec. ITU-T H.264 (01/2012) display process: A process not specified in this Recommendation International Standard having, as its input, the cropped decoded pictures that are the output of the decoding process. emulation prevention byte: A byte equal to 0x03 that may be present within a NAL unit. The presence of emulation prevention bytes ensures that no sequence of consecutive byte-aligned bytes in the NAL unit contains a start code prefix. encoder: An embodiment of an encoding process. encoding process: A process, not specified in this Recommendation International Standard, that produces a bitstream conforming to this Recommendation International Standard. field: An assembly of alt