ons ecosystem gen- erally act as the 'pipe' that carries the infotainment content. These infrastructure providers are thus faced with a challenge: while they can charge their subscribers for delivering the data streams, they have little leverage to earn revenue from the content provision itself. On the other hand, as these operators control the 'pipe' that carries the traffic they do have some leverage over content providers to ask them to share revenue. For example they may Content Delivery and Net Neutrality throttle the traffic of a content provider who fails to share revenue compared with a provider which agrees. This however may be illegal as it treats these data streams differ- ently and is not content neutral. We will discuss the issue of net neutrality in more detail later in this chapter. Traffic Classification Broadband traffic may be classified as shown in Figure 14.8. On one side operator value prop- osition is provision of a 'pipe' over which end-user generated information may be transferred. On the other side is third party generated content in the form of infotainment and value added services. Further value operator value proposition is possible: for example quality of service levels, such as end-to-end delay or transmission speed may be enhanced. On the content side similar arrangements may be made with both content provider and subscriber. A content provider may earn revenue in a number of different ways. The most common are pay per usage (view, song, article, etc.), subscription and advertising sponsored. For example, articles from technical journals such as by the IEEE may be bought for price per article; the video streaming site, Netflix, has a number of monthly subscription plans; iTunes Radio streams music is advertising-sponsored or advertising-free on subscription and SO on. As the profile of service provision has changed from 'pipe' to 'service/content', the relative shares of voice and data traffic has undergone a major transformation. For the fixed network, data traffic only started to 