function, 95 vertically integrated edge platforms, 250-251 Switch Abstraction Interface (SAI), 263 Traditional IP networks, 22-23 Switching, 268 Traditional networking functions, 186 Symmetric cryptography, 214 Traffic engineering (TE), 14, 19-20, 282, 354-355 Synchronous optical networking (SONET), 252, 276 centralized TE using SDN controller, 358 Index Traffic forecast, 362-363 Traffic matrix data, 362 Traffic optimization, 160 vCSCF, see Virtual Call Session Control Function Traffic shaping, 163 vDNS-R, see Virtual Domain Name System Resolver ANR SON closed-loop function, 166 vDNSs, see Virtual DNSs DCAE architecture, 165 VDSL, see Very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber line feature functional mapping to DCAE, 167 Vendor neutral interfaces, 217 radio congestion, 163-165 Vendor-proprietary Transaction-based metrics, 69 hardware-based products, 389 Transit function (TF), 312 load-balancing mechanisms, 300 Transmission control protocol (TCP), 10, 282fn Vendor-specific load-balancing solutions, 295 Transmission distances, 224 Vertically integrated edge platforms, 250-251 Transponder maps, 269 Vertical scaling, 381-382 Transport Very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber line (VDSL), 228 MPLS, 277-280 VDSL2 technology, 232 technology, 2 VFs, see Virtual functions TTL, see Time to live vFW, see Virtual FW TTM, see Time-to-market VIM, see Virtual infrastructure manager "Turing Test," 148 VIP addresses, see Virtual IP addresses Two-Way Active Measurement Protocol Virtual Call Session Control Function (vCSCF), 82 (TWAMP), 366 Virtual DNSs (vDNSs), 177 Virtual Domain Name System Resolver (vDNS-R), 82 Virtual environment, optimizing, 208 Linux bridge approach, 209-210 UCE AS, see User capabilities exchange AS SR-IOV-based approach, 211-212 uCPE, see Universal CPE virtual switch based approach, 210-211 UDC, see User data convergence Virtual functions (VFs), 32, 47, 105, 205, 212 UDP, see User datagram protocol classification and examples, 79 UDR, see User data repository control plane, 35 UE, see User endpoint data plane, 33-35