rowave link? 16. What theoretical bit packing can be achieved from 64-QAM? 17. Why is line-of-sight something more than line-of-sight? Explain. 18. Based on the Rayleigh fade margin criterion, what fade margin will we need for a 99.975% time availability? For 99.9%? 19. There are two kinds of diversity that can be used with conventional LOS microwave. What are they? It is nearly impossible for one type to be licensed in the United States. Which one and why? An LOS microwave link cannot meet performance requirements. What measures can we take to remedy this situation? List in ascending order of cost. 21. Satellite communications is just an extension of LOS microwave. Thus a satellite earth station must be within of the satellite. CONCEPTS IN TRANSMISSION TRANSPORT 22. There are two basic generic methods of satellite access. What are they? List a third method which is a subset of one of them. What are two major advantages of satellite TDMA? 24. Define G/T mathematically. 25. Why is the geostationary satellite downlink-limited? Give two reasons. 26. Receiving system noise temperature has two components. What are they? 27. Name three applications for VSAT networks. What sets a VSAT aside from conventional geostationary (fixed) satellite earth stations? 29. What sort of digital format might we expect on an outbound link for VSAT operation? 30. What is the great, overriding advantage of fiber-optic communication links? 31. What are the two basic impairments that limit the length of a fiber-optic link? 32. How does dispersion manifest itself on a digital bit stream? 33. Name the three basic components of a fiber-optic link (in the light domain). 34. There are three wavelength bands currently in use on optical fiber networks. Identify the bands and give data on loss per unit distance. 35. What does a glass fiber consist of (as used for telecommunications)? 36. What are the two generic types of optical fiber? 37. Identify the two basic light sources. Compare. 38. What is a pigtail? 39. What are the two generic types of op