s defined as a collection of network function instances and the necessary compute, storage, and networking resources to create a deployed network slice. The life cycle management of NSI is governed by the 3GPP Technical Report (TR) 28.801. Figure 13.13 shows the LCM of NSI. 5G Network Slicing Lifecycle of a Network Slice Instance Preparation Instantiation, Configuration, Runtime Decommisioning and Activation Supervision Design Pre-provision Instantiation/ Activation Modification De-activation Termination Configuration Reporting Network environment preparation Figure 13.13 - NSI ILCM In this section, we looked at the architecture of network slicing in depth. We also looked at how standards bodies such as 3GPP influence the evolution of the technical specifications and standards of 5G and network slicing. Let us next do a deep dive into the various use cases of network slicing. Use cases of network slicing Let us look at the use cases of 5G and how network slicing will play a role in the widespread adoption of several of these. Here are some of the common use cases for 5G: Collaborative robots in Industry 4.0 V2X communications for vehicles, including autonomous cars Truck platooning in transportation Connected ambulances in healthcare Remote learning in education Remote surgery Coverage of sports events, such as the Super Bowl AR/VR and the metaverse Gaming Fixed wireless access for enterprise connectivity All the preceding are good candidates for network slicing. Let us take remote surgery. The need for this use case has two main drivers. Expert surgeons may not be locally available in many remote locations or certain countries and cities. Furthermore, since the COVID-19 pandemic, the movement of healthcare Use cases of network slicing professionals has been restricted. Robotic arms can often perform surgery with the surgeon being in a different location. In February 2019, the first known 5G-enabled remote surgery was performed by Dr Antonio de Lacy in Spain. The 5G network had a 0.01-second lag. If 4G was used, 