 Russia are Vimplecom, Mobile Telesystems (MTS), and Megal Fon. Table 8-7 presents the largest mobile providers. But, there are many smaller providers located in the 83 regions into which Russia is divided. When spectrum is given out, it is allocated for use in particular regions. The Russian govern- ment has selected the mobile carrier Scartel, which operates under the brand name Yota, to build out a nationwide Long-Term Evolution (LTE) mobile network. Europe The government plan is for Vimplecom, MTS, and MegaFon as well as state- owned fixed-line operator Rostelcom to operate as Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs) on the Yota network. Providers that operate as MVNOs offer service on another carrier's network infrastructure. The MVNO bills customers, markets the ser- vice, and is able to add value-added services such as the ability to use mobile handsets to make payments and access apps. An advantage in this approach is that resources for building new infrastructure are needed for only one network. Four separate carriers will not be required to spend money building duplicate networks. Allowing the single 4G network to be shared ensures that there is competition among the operators to pro- vide enhanced services, low prices, and good customer service. As part of the MVNO agreement, Vimplecom, MTS, Rostelcom, and MegaFon will each have an option to purchase 20 percent of Yota in 2014. Yota has been building out a fourth-generation (4G) WiMAX network but has announced plans to convert it to LTE technology. It will bid on additional spectrum for LTE service. The government has announced that these auctions will be held in the second half of 2012. However, the military is now using this spectrum. Before Yota can take possession of the spectrum, the military services must be relocated to other spectrum. The government has tasked the four future MVNOs to negotiate an agreement with the military to cover the cost of the relocation. Government support for building out a single advanced mobile network has the potenti