ferent wireless MAN CPE equipment. Fixed Wireless MAN Antennas Antennas for fixed wireless MAN applications similarly divide into base station and CPE. The general types of antennas summarised earlier in Table 3-5 for LANs are equally applicable to MAN installations, with appropriate housings for outdoor service and mountings designed for wind and ice loading. The factors that determine the choice of antenna are summarised in Table 3-10. Depending on its elevation relative to the target area, a base station may comprise two sets of sector antennas as illustrated in Figure 3-24. A set of intermediate gain antennas, with higher vertical beamwidth, provide coverage over short-to-medium distances, with a second set of high-gain, low vertical beamwidth antennas providing coverage at longer range. aperto Figure 3-23: Fixed Wireless MAN CPE Equipment (courtesy of Aperto Networks Inc.) Table 3-10: - Factors Determining Wireless MAN Antenna Choice Location Antenna type Application Omnidirectional Low gain requirement - for subscribers located close to the base station. Patch Intermediate gain - mid range equipment should be applicable to most subscribers. Directional (Yagi High gain, high cost equipment to or parabolic maximise data rate at the edge of the reflector) operating area. Base station Sector, intermediate Wide area coverage close to the base station. Wider vertical beamwidth required to provide coverage close to the base station. Sector, high gain Wide area coverage at a distance from the base station. High gain adds range with narrower vertical beamwidth. Directional High gain antenna for point-to-point applications, such as backhaul, bridging between base stations, etc. Chapter Three High-gain, low beamwidth for long range coverage Medium-gain, high beamwidth for short range coverage Figure 3-24: WMAN Base Station Sector Antenna Configuration Mobile Wireless MAN Devices The first implementation of mobile wireless MAN services and devices, delivering broadband Internet access to the user on the move, has been 