b-channels to various radios often requires that network control information flow in the network. This uses some of the available capacity. Ideally, one would like to assign sub-channels to those radios that have a message to transmit. A fixed assignment scheme (which can also change in time in a fixed manner) does not require much network capacity for coordination but it does not account for the random time-varying data transmission requirements of each radio. A real-time assignment of sub-channels upon demand by radios, called demand assign- ment, takes more network capacity and is more complex [28]-[36]. Demand assignment schemes require setting aside some channel capacity for trans- mitting requests and responding to these requests by one or more con- trollers. This can also be done by having a controller poll the radios to see if any one or more of them want to transmit messages [37]-[41]. One approach that takes little network coordination is for each radio to grab a sub-channel whenever it has a message to transmit. This is called random access [42]-[51]. Two or more radios, however, may use the same sub- channel at the same time causing "collisions" and these must somehow be resolved [52]-[56]. The simplest way to divide up the total radio channel capacity is to use frequency division multiple access (FDMA) [57]. Here the available fre- quency band is divided into disjoint sub-bands where any two radios can communicate using a sub-band or frequency. There would be no interference between radio signals whose spectra occupy disjoint parts of the total avail- able frequency band. If we restrict spread-spectrum signals to a sub-band of the total available frequency band, then the signal's anti-jam capability is reduced. Therefore, FDMA is not a good idea for spread-spectrum signals. Instead of dividing the available channel capacity using FDMA, a natural choice for spread- spectrum signals is to divide the available channel capacity into different spread-spectrum carriers. That is, instead of assigning a freq