have evolved to interactive sites with many functions that make organizations and IT staffs more efficient. An organization might post a time-limited "jam" session, during which employees are encouraged to enter ideas for new products or services. This can generate a plan that leads to the start of a new endeavor. Some additional intranet functions include Providing company-recommended software that employees can download to their computers Checking whether user applications need updating and that all security patches are in place when employees log on to the intranet Managing human resources functions such as accessing pay stubs and appraisals, making changes to tax forms, changing user addresses, and selecting benefits Submitting time cards and expense reports Supplying training courses that users can complete on the intranet Making available corporate documents, such as organizational practices, required documents, templates for résumés and sales proposals, technical magazines, and corporate directories Providing collaboration tools that facilitate the ability of employees who work at different physical locations to work together on joint projects Posting internal job openings Establishing wikis with information about particular technologies or work- related information In addition, intranets at global organizations often mimic web functions by providing social networking functions. The directory might have fields in which people can list special interests such as trekking or music. Employees can form groups around these interests. Customizable social networking software for enterprises contains security soft- ware and provides the benefits of social networks and microblogs without the risks. Employees can use these software packages to share ideas and exchange messages about customer orders and new products without risking the introduction of inappropriate The Internet content or computer viruses by opening compromised links to sites. Yammer is an example of social networking software for business and commerc