ons The second key use case is URLLC. When we consider URLLC, we need to consider the fact that 5G will really be an enabler network. So, we see a variety of different applications here that might be able to use the 5G Core (5GC) Network. Remote surgery, autonomous driving, industrial control, and drone control are examples of applications that require low latency and high reliability. 5G concepts and drivers Remote Surgery Autonomous Cars 5G Network Tactile Internet Industry 4.0 Figure 1.3 - URLLC URLLC has stringent requirements in terms of latency and reliability. The latency for the network is set at around 1 ms. The network for certain applications needs to be super reliable as well, with 99.999% (five 9s) reliability. Massive machine-type communications The third key use case is mMTC and fundamentally, it is the cellular-Internet of Things (IoT). Although we already had a cellular-IoT with earlier technologies, we see it again with 5G as well. There are numerous different IoT applications that can use the services of the 5G infrastructure. The network must be super flexible and super adaptable from the 5G service providers' perspective. The network needs to be able to provide exactly the correct requirements for the IoT applications that are using it. Network function virtualization, network slicing, and edge computing came into prominence as the three key aspects of 5G. These three aspects will be examined later in the upcoming chapters. 5G (IMT-2020) performance synopsis The following table lists the enhancements of the minimum technical requirements of IMT Advanced to IMT-2020: Requirement IMT Advanced IMT-2020 Peak data rate Gbits/s User-experienced data rate Mbits/s Spectrum efficiency bits/s/Hz Mobility Introduction to 5G Latency Connection density devices/km² Network energy efficiency bit/Joule Area traffic capacity Mbit/s/m2 The following list expands on the preceding performance synopsis and key areas that service providers today are moving toward: Peak data rate (Gbits/s): This is the peak through