e network convergence has led to a much wider and richer service experience. The security vulnerabilities such as denial-of- service attacks, data-flood attacks (SPIT), and SO on that can destabilize the system and allow an attacker to gain control over it during in internet, is true for wireless communication over IP networks also. Hackers currently are not limited to looking at private data, they can also see their victims. Fundamentals of EMS, NMS and OSS/BSS Video-conferencing systems can be transformed into video-surveillance units, using the equipment to snoop, record, or publicly broadcast presum- ably private video conferences. These issues have raised security concerns with most service providers. The result is an increased investment on security equipments and security man- agement solutions that can secure the telecom infrastructure. The security solutions can handle E2E security in the enterprise that includes simple fire- wall based software solutions to complex security gateway policy managers. 58. Service performance management: These applications help to monitor the service performance including the customer's experience using the service. These applications collect data from network performance management solu- tions and compute the values of service performance from the network data. These applications provide reports on the quality of service and variations in service key performance indicators. Service performance management provides both current performance data as well as the historical view of service performance. This helps in service and infrastructure planning. Resource performance is not the only feed for service performance man- agement application. The service performance management application can perform tests to determine service performance either from the application or using external service test tools or applications. 59. Service problem management: These applications provide a service view of the customer problem. It interacts closely with customer problem manage- ment and net