hat allows connec- tion between devices using infrared links instead of wired cabling. IRP (Interdomain Routing Protocol) A protocol that provides routing for OSI-defined network environments and is similar to BGP in the TCP/IP network. In an OSI network, there are end systems, intermediate systems, areas, and domains. IRP is designed to provide routing among domains. IS-54 TIA's Interim Specification 54, also called NADC and Digital AMPS, and updated by IS-136. It is a TDMA-based wireless network that operates at 800MHz. IS-95 TIA's Interim Specification 95. It is a spread spectrum wireless network that operates in the 800MHz range, using a CDMA/FDD scheme. IS-136 TIA's Interim Specification 136. It is an updated TDMA-based standard that updates IS-54. Provides 3x spectral efficiency over analog AMPS systems. ISC (international switching center) An exchange used to switch traffic between differ- ent countries over international circuits. ISDB (Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting) A Japanese DTV and DAB format cre- ated to allow radio and TV stations to convert to digital. ISDB can be used for both fixed and mobile reception, and it encompasses several core standards: ISDB-S (satellite TV), ISDB-T (ter- restrial digital TV), ISDB-C (digital cable TV), and ISDB-Tsb (terrestrial digital sound broadcast- ing in the 2.6GHz band). ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) A circuit-switched digital subscriber service; an access technology. ISDN is part of the physical layer of the OSI reference model. ITU-T 1.430 defines a 144Kbps Basic Rate Interface (BRI), and ITU-T I.431 defines a Primary Rate Interface (PRI) of 1.544Mbps in North America and Japan and 2.048Mbps in Europe. IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System) A protocol that uses a link-state algorithm to provide routing services for TCP/IP and OSI. It determines the best path for TCP/IP and OSI packets through the network and keeps routers informed of the status of the network and the systems available. ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical)