ntermediate nodes. Chapter 3 Top: traditional ATM/SONET architecture Figure 3-8 Middle: IP over SONET with Layer 3 switches Bottom: IP over 10 GbE WAN PHY over SONET Evolution of transport options. Voice Service Broadband Top: Traditional High-Speed Packet ISDN Switch ATM/SONET Switch Service architecture. High-Definition TV Video Middle: IP over Private Lines SONET CAD/CAM Broadband ISDN Broadband ISDN SONET with Layer 3 New Services Transport Customer Terminal Customer Terminal Network switches. Telex/Teletex Message Switching Bottom: IP over 10 GbE WAN PHY over Videotex Electronic Mail SONET. Telemetry Home Consumer Services Electronic Banking Teleshopping Distance Learning Medical Imaging Remote Arraignment Voice Service Layer 3 switch High-Speed Packet with MPLS Switch Service High-Definition TV Video Private Lines SONET CAD/CAM Router Router New Services with POS Transport with POS Network Telex/Teletex Message Switching Videotex Electronic Mail Telemetry Home Consumer Services Electronic Banking Teleshopping Distance Learning Medical Imaging Remote Arraignment Voice Service Layer 2/Layer 3 10 GbE MPLS Switch High-Speed Packet Switch Service High-Definition TV Video Private Lines 10 GbE WAN CAD/CAM 10 GbE Edge PHY over 10 GbE Edge New Services device (TLS) SONET device (TLS) Telex/Teletex Transport Message Switching Network Videotex Electronic Mail Telemetry Home Consumer Services Electronic Banking Teleshopping Distance Learning Medical Imaging Remote Arraignment Traditional SONET Architectures 51.84 Mbps Building Block (STS-1) Figure 3-9 SONET STS-1 frame. Transport Overhead Synchronous Payload Envelope (SPE) 90 Columns Payload 49.5 Mbps Overhead 1 byte = 0.154321 us 9 rows Frame = 125 us Section Overhead STS Path Overhead Section Overhead: performance monitoring (STS-n signal) local orderwire data communication channels to carry information for OAM&P framing Line Overhead: performance monitoring of the individual STS-1s express orderwire data channels for OAM&P pointer to the start of the synchronous pay