nture with Orbcomm¹ who have a legacy 30-satellite LEO constellation of micro-160-watt satellites with an uplink at 137-138 MHz and downlink at 400-401 MHz. Orbcomm went into Chapter 12 with Iridium and Globalstar but re-emerged and refinanced and at the time of writing provides services to M2M markets including telem- atics and asset tracking. 16.32 ICO S Band GSO with ATC The FCC granted ICO¹3 a license for the other two by 10 MHz allocations at S Band with a mobile uplink between 2000 and 2020 MHz and a downlink at 2180 to 2020 MHz. An initial satellite launch is planned for the end of 1997 optimised for US coverage. The ground-based components receive the satellite signal in K band, down convert to 2 GHz then transmit in synchronisation with the satellite signal. Additional satellites would provide improved inbuilding penetration. The suggestion is that this network could provide up to 50 TV channels to mobile handsets and is therefore a potential competitor to Media FLO though the network would have other functionality including two-way voice and data, interactive multimedia and disaster-relief capabilities. 16.33 ICO S Band MEO at S Band with ATC ICO planned a MEO constellation of 12 satellites in two inclined orbits at 10 400 km. The launch of the first satellite failed, but the second satellite went into orbit in June 2001 and operational and capable of providing services to Africa, Europe and Asia. The ITU/CEPT S Band allocation to ICO specified a 12.5-MHz mobile uplink between 1997.5 and 2010 MHz and a mobile downlink from the satellites between 2187.5 and 2200 MHz. There has been regulatory discussion as the continuing validity of ICOs claim to this spec- trum. ICO base their claim to continued access rights on the basis of their legacy investments and stated plans to repurpose present and future satellites to support a DVB SH ATC network as a joint venture with Alcatel Lucent. Alcatel Lucent are leading a consortium with Sagem, 11 http://www.terrestar.com/ 12 http://www.orbcomm.com/. 13 http://www.ico