t angle of view. When large groups are expected to use the system, room designs are much more complex. Complete video coverage requires that auxiliary cameras be interspersed around a large room to capture different views. Monitors may be placed in corners or alcoves, mounted high on walls, or suspended from ceilings. Multiple microphones can be added to pick up sounds in various parts of the room. Sometimes they, too, can be suspended from the ceiling. Videoconferencing seating arrangements vary widely. The size of the group is a critical factor in determining table placement and shape. There are V- and U-shaped designs, trapezoid arrangements, ovals and triangles. Trapezoids, four-sided figures with only two of the sides being parallel are popular for small groups. The widest end of the trapezoid is placed at the end facing the cameras. Participants sitting around the table can see each other and interact; all can see and be seen by viewers at the far- end. V-shaped tables also work well but require a larger room. Participants can face each other while swiveling slightly to see the screen. One very difficult arrangement is to seat conferees in tiered rows, one behind the other. Conferees will turn their backs to the camera to converse with each other, and thereby exclude the distant-end from the conversation. No amount of training seems to overcome human nature. Obviously, it is best select sites that require minimal demolition or reconstruction. One should also avoid dark and cavernous rooms, or those filled with windows that will cause lighting problems and echoes. ACOUSTICS AND AUDIO While planning for video, one should not overlook the importance of audio. It is more difficult to communicate without video than without audio. When audio is better on one of two identical videoconferencing systems, users also perceive picture quality as superior. The inverse is not as true. Achieving good audio can be a challenge. Start the process by choosing a quiet location. Strive for minimal ambient (surrounding) noise. I