the first uplink symbol of PUCCH conveying the HARQ-ACK information, as identified by HARQ-ACK timing parameter K1 and the assigned PUCCH resource including the effect of the timing advance, starts on or after symbol L1, that is, the next uplink symbol with its cyclic prefix starting after Tproc = 2192(N1 dx)k2-"Tc (processing time) following the end of the last symbol of the PDSCH carrying the transport block being acknowledged. As shown in Fig. 4.55, parameter N1 is based on the numerology and corresponds to where UPDSCH' and UUL correspond to the subcarrier spacing of the PDCCH scheduling, PDSCH transmission, and the uplink channel on which the HARQ-ACK is transmitted, respectively. As shown in Table 4.18, the value of parameter N1 further depends on the PDSCH DM-RS pattern and whether additional DM-RS is used as well as UE PDSCH pro- cessing capability. The value of parameter dx is dependent on the PDSCH mapping type (A or B), UE PDSCH processing capability, and the number of PDSCH symbols [9]. The tim- ing relationship between HARQ-ACK and PDSCH data transmission depends on the value of the above parameters and is depicted in Fig. 4.55. The coding gain is defined as the difference between Eb/No required to achieve a given bit error rate in a coded system and the Eb/No required to achieve the same BER in an uncoded system. New Radio Access Physical Layer Aspects (Part 2) 543 PDSCH (14 symbols) Additional gap delay between scheduling DCI Gap already delay between scheduling DCI Figure 4.55 Timing relationship between PDSCH and HARQ-ACK transmission [9]. Table 4.18: Physical downlink shared channel processing times [9]. PDSCH Decoding Time N1 (OFDM Symbols) PDSCH Decoding Time N1 (OFDM Symbols) PDSCH Processing Capability 1 PDSCH Processing Capability 2 No Additional PDSCH Additional PDSCH No Additional PDSCH DM-RS Configured (Front-Loaded DM-RS) DM-RS Configured DM-RS Configured (Front-Loaded DM-RS) 9 (in Frequency Range 1) In the case of carrier aggregation, the multi-carrier nature of the physical layer is o