s two types of fiber optic connections: Fiber to transceiver Connectors are further differentiated depending on Fiber to fiber the particular mechanical method used to join the connectors. An example of a laser transceiver module is shown in FC connectors use threaded fasteners (Fig. 6.1-27). Fig. 6.1-24. The fiber-to-fiber connectors are divided into SC connectors use a spring latch (Fig. 6.1-28). These simplex (one fiber to one fiber) and duplex (two fibers to connectors can come as both simplex and duplex. two fibers) connectors (Fig. 6.1-25). The two basic Variations on the SC connector, developed for specific connector designs are butt joints and expanded beam standardized local area networks, are FDDI, ESCON, joints (Figs. 6.1-26a and 6.1-26b). and FCS connectors (Figs. 6.1-29a-c). A common Optical fiber, cable and connectors CHAPTER 6.1 Table 6.1-6 Connector loss factors Extrinsic Intrinsic Lateral offset Mode field diameter mismatch Axial gap Index profile mismatch Core eccentricity End-face quality Fiber and ferrule hole clearance Reflections Ferrule hole eccentricity Reprinted from Ref. [1], p. 55, courtesy of Academic Press. Fig. 6.1-30 SMA connectors and adapters. Reprinted from Ref. [24], p. 42, courtesy of Molex Fiber Optics, Inc. improved manufacturing technology, losses between 0.1 connector for MM data communication networks is the and 0.2 dB are obtained for new connectors. Loss data for SMA connector (Fig. 6.1-30). a FDDI connector are shown in Fig. 6.1-32. 6.1.4.3 Optical properties 6.1.5 Optical fiber bragg gratings There is obviously some additional loss introduced into An optical glass fiber has many advantages compared to a communications link with the incorporation of a con- other materials such as a copper cable. One of these nector (Fig. 6.1-31). As can be seen from Fig. 6.1-31 advantages is its inertness to external changes such as there is both a local and a distributed loss resulting from heat, pressure, electric and magnetic fields, toxicity, etc. the connector joint. Contributing c