ion link has certain advantages such as higher SNR at the receiver, which reduces the BER and allows higher data rate and results in greater spectral efficiency as well as more protection against signal attenuation over fading channels, a higher transmit power; however, has several drawbacks including increased power consumption of the transmitting device, reducing the UE battery life, and increased interference to other users in the same or adjacent frequency bands. The following sections describe the power control algorithms that are incorporated in NR. The NR provides uplink power control mechanisms to compensate the effects of path loss, shadowing, fast fading, and implementation loss. The uplink power control is further used to mitigate inter-cell and intra-cell interference, thereby enhancing the overall throughput and reducing the effective UE power consumption. The uplink power control includes open- loop and closed-loop power control. The base station transmits necessary power control information through transmission of power control messages. The parameters of the power control algorithm are optimized on a system-wide basis by the gNB and are broadcast peri- odically or trigged by events. The UE provides the necessary information through higher layer control messages to the serving gNB in order to enable uplink power control. The gNB can exchange necessary information with neighboring base stations through backhaul to support uplink power control to facilitate the handover process. The power control scheme may not be effective in high mobility scenarios for compensating the effects of a fast fading channel due to variation of the channel impulse response. As a result, the power control is used to mitigate the distance-dependent path loss, shadowing, and implementation loss. The uplink power control takes into consideration the MIMO transmission mode and whether a single user or multiple users are supported on the same resource at the same time. The open-loop power control compensates the channel variati