expects to play an active role in the process of 4G standardization. FuTURE is listed in the 863 Program of China's Science and Technology Development Plan in the Tenth Five Years and formally started in 2002. The 863 Program is a state-level scientific program. It was proposed in March 1986 and launched in 1987. In April 2001, the China State Council agreed on further carrying out 863 programs on the tenth-five year period. Information tech- nology is an important field of 863 programs. The FuTURE project was initially launched as a part of China's 863 Program in the wireless communications area. At the end of October 2006, the FuTURE project was successfully tested and certified by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) in Shanghai, repre- senting China's first Beyond 3G mobile communication trial networks of TDD (time division duplex) and FDD (frequency division duplex) systems. 2.1.2 Features of FuTURE System The next-generation communication system faces requirements beyond year 2010, which will be mainly mobile data service. It should have wider coverage and sup- ports high mobility. The FuTURE system differs radically from the 3G system in the key technologies, where the core network may have a continuous evolution while the air interface should have a revolutionary development. The reason will be detailed as follows. The packet data service will be in a dominant position, whose "percent occu- pied" in the overall traffic will increase from 10-20% currently to 80% in the future, while the market of voice service will shrink gradually. The traditional © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Long Term Evolution: 3GPP LTE Radio and Cellular Technology cellular mobile communication system is designed for the requirement of voice service, and it is difficult to apply the code division multiple access (CDMA) technology directly to the 4G system because of its constraint in the aspects of acquisition and synchronization. This means that a fully new wireless transmis- sion method and its corresponding network