encies in the same locations or even next to one another, they can interfere with one another. For example, if next-door neighbors install Wi-Fi wireless equipment and cordless telephones that both operate at 2.4GHz, they often experience operability problems. These problems are caused by interfer- ence. Newer wireless technologies have the capability to hop between channels when they sense that other signals are in the same channel. Concerns about interference often lead to political conflicts between factions. This can occur when new uses for spectrum or new technologies are proposed. This occurred, as illustrated in the next section, when it was first proposed that white-space spectrum be allocated for other uses. Unlicensed Spectrum for "Super" Wi-Fi Governments specify portions of the spectrum for unlicensed services such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Unlicensed spectrum is available free to companies that do not have to apply for a license to use it. This significantly lowers the cost of deploying service, but it doesn't mean the government does not regulate unlicensed spectrum. Moreover, the government can designate bands of spectrum as unlicensed for public benefit. Mobile and Wi-Fi Networks In 2010, the FCC designated licensed spectrum formerly used in conjunction with analog TV as unlicensed spectrum to lower the cost of bringing new broadband ser- vices to rural areas. When the FCC parceled out digital spectrum to broadcasters in the 1990s, it was with the understanding that broadcasters would return their spectrum when it was no longer used to broadcast analog television. The FCC auctioned off most of this returned spectrum for Long-Term Evolution (LTE) use, but it did not auction off the 6MHz of that spectrum formerly used as guard bands for analog TV and still used for wireless microphones. Guard bands, also called white spaces, are unused bands of frequencies surround- ing each channel that prevent wireless signals from adjacent channels from interfering with one another. Wireless signals are not enclose