es oper- ations to be performed on content. New languages can thus be defined more easily. Moreover SOAP, simply speaking remote procedure call over XML, is predestined to overcome the different component-based architectures and supporting open infra- structures. XHTML - HTML reformulated as an XML application. E-commerce standards. CORBA - Common object request broker architecture. A specification defining how programmers describe interfaces for cooperating objects. The objects may have different origins regarding programming language and operating system. Chapter 6 IPsec. LDAP. MIME, MPLS VPNs, VPN/IPsec with encryption, firewall services. Chapter 7 MPLS, Diffserv, RSVP, TOS based on user, application, time etc., Intserv, MPLS with RSVP traffic engineering. Chapter 8 Some short facts about H.323: Collection of standards. H.225 for session administration. H.245 for multimedia control, T.120 for sharing of data (whiteboard). H.235 security (new). H.450 additional services (new). Complex standard. Some short facts about SIP: Simple, flexible and generic, signalling protocol. HTTP style, text-based. SIP handles call signalling, SDP and others handle data transfer and more. Handles all types of conversations. Networks and Technologies Scales better than H.323. Chapter 9 OSA, SCS, SAT, service enablers. Chapter 10 Plug and play technologies enable ad hoc networking of different devices. Based on existing technologies like TCP/IP, HTML, Java VM or XML. Chapter 11 H.248 Chapter 12 IPv6, MPLS, GMPLS, Diffserv, RSVP (see IP standards above). DWDM, CWDM Chapter 13 Bluetooth GPRS, EDGE etc Ethernet SHDSL Chapter 14 See Figure 3.52 regarding interfacing standards. H 248 - A gateway control protocol standard, defining the interface between servers and edge node. BICC - A standard for signalling between servers in the horizontal network. SIP, H.323 - See IP standards above. Sigtran, M3UA, SCTP. Chapter 15 VHE - A concept for personalized service portability across network boundaries and between terminals. Understanding Changi