al advantages and gave an increase in capacity. As the 1990s came to a close the cellular phone industry was booming. Industry analysts reasoned that people would want to use far more data services as they saw a significant rise in the use of the Internet. Existing systems were not able to support sufficiently fast data services and new systems were sought. The first step on the way was known as the General Packet Radio System (GPRS) and its enhanced system Enhanced Data rates for Global Evolution (EDGE). These systems were dubbed 2.5G as they were a development of the second generation system. However, the main goal was a fully third generation system. Three 3G systems have emerged. In Europe a system known as the Universal Mobile Tele- communications System (UMTS) using wideband CDMA (W-CDMA) appeared. In the USA a system known as CDMA2000 was adopted. This provided an evolutionary path from cdmaOne through to the full 3G standard with backward compatibility. The first commercial launch of CDMA2000 was in October 2000 in South Korea with the CDMA2000 1x system. A third system known as Time Division Synchronous CDMA (TD-SCDMA) was developed in China. Basic standards Looking at how the mobile telecommunications market has developed over the years it can be seen that a large number of standards have arisen, all with their own abbreviations. It is useful to summarize these to understand their salient features and where they are used. As already mentioned there are the three generations of system, generally known as 1G, 2G and 3G to denote the different generations. There is also 2.5G that is a development of the second generation phones, but not fully to the 3G standards. Another important feature of the systems is the way in which different users are given access to the system. In some different frequencies are used. This is called frequency division multiple access Table 10.1 System Generation Channel Access Comments spacing 30 kHz Advanced Mobile Phone System, this analogue system first developed and used in the