 novel key technologies, such as MIMO (multiple input, multiple output) and OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing), can improve the performance of current mobile communications systems. Also, many problems need to be improved in the current system while providing service with high data rates and high performance. Therefore, the research of next-generation mobile communi- cation systems has been put into the calendar. Many countries and organizations have already carried out the research of next-generation mobile communication systems, such as ITU (International Telecommunication Union), European Commission FP (Framework Program), WWRF (Wireless World Research Forum), Korean NGMC (Next Generation © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Evolution from TD-SCDMA to FuTURE Mobile Committee), Japanese MITF (Mobile IT Forum), and China Communica- tion Standardization Association (CCSA). Some international standards organi- zations are working for the standards of the E3G (enhanced 3G) and 4G (4th Generation Mobile Communication System), such as the LTE (long term evolu- tion) plan of the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) and the AIE (air inter- face of evolution)/UMB (ultramobile broadband) plan of 3GPP2. The ITU also made the calendar of the 4G communication system, IMT (International Mobile Telecommunications) Advanced. WRC'07 (World Radio-Communication Con- ference 2007), which was held at the end of 2007, has already allocated multiband spectrum resources for future 4G systems. The 4G is coming. When research on next-generation mobile communications had just stepped into its startup period, a project called Future Technologies for a Universal Radio Environment (FuTURE) was launched in China. The goal of the project is to sup- port theoretical research, applicable evaluation, and 4G trial system development of the proposed technologies for the Chinese Beyond 3G (B3G)/4G mobile com- munications. The FuTURE plan aims at the trends and requirements of wireless communication in the next 10 years, and it 