 data codes. This project didn't get success due to security concerns. DCAN: DCAN project focused on the concept of designing new infrastructure for the ATM networks. This infrastructure is supposed to provide scalable control and management of ATM networks. The DCAN also focused on that the infrastructure contains separate management switches that controls the ATM switches. 4D Project: The 4D project presented a clear view of separating the routing decision logic and protocols used in interaction of networking devices involved in forwarding the packets. It proposed giving the "decision" plane a global view of the network, serviced by a "dissemination" and "discovery" plane, for control of a "data" plane for forwarding raffic(Nunes et al. 2014). Nox (Gude, Koponen, Pettit, Pfaff, Casado, McKeown, & Shenker, 2008) an Open flow controller is motivated from the 4D project. Nox is also known as Operating system for networks. NETCONF: NETCONF is project proposed by the IETF network configuration working group. The project is based on development of protocol for management which is designed to modify the configuration of switches and routers. The proposed protocol is supposed to have an API that will provide extension of configuration of network devices. SNMP simple network management protocol which is widely deployed network management protocol has several flaws such as security. NETCONF is supposed to remove these flaws and it's in active development phase. ETHANE: Ethane (Casado, Freedman, Pettit, Luo, McKeown, 2007) is one project that can be termed as a true predecessor of OpenFlow. Ethane provided concept of ethane switches and controller to provide a new way of new management for enterprises. Ethane has used the flow table in ethane switches and separate channel for communication between the controller and switches. Downloaded: 4/15/2022 9:44:49 AM Nova Southeastern University IP Address: 137.52.76.29 Introduction to SDN and NFV FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF SDN NETWORKS The most charming points of SDN are centraliza