50-52, 153; European Union European Union, 138-39, 147; household overview, 137-43; Japan overview, 133, spending, 25-27; international com- 143-44; Korea overview, 144-46; local parisons, 146-48; Japan, 143; long- services, 146-48; long-distance services, distance carriers, 50-53; rate structures, 147, 152; rate structures, 107-08, 44, 54-55, 100, 166-69; revenues, 42-45, 146-50; stock market values, 152-54; 47-50, 161; and stock market values, wireless communications, 107-08 41-42, 46-47, 161-63; success factors, Internet: Bell company restrictions, 8; 39-40, 45-50; and welfare gains, 53-58 convergence possibilities, 158-59; high- Long-distance services: Bell company entry, speed demand models, 117, 120; usage 51-52, 61-63, 87-88, 158; Canada, statistics, 110, 158; wireless connections, 133-35, 147; capital spending, 90-91; 98. See also Broadband services court-imposed competition, 2, 7-8, Investment spending. See Capital spending 13-14; entry incentives, 79-80; European Index Union, 138, 147; household spending, Protective regulation, potential demand, 25-26, 87; international comparisons, 164-66 147, 152; Japan, 143; rate structures, 80-85, 88, 100, 166-69; revenues, 91-92, Qwest, 76, 89, 93, 99, 131 100; stock market values, 88-90, 161-63; substitution effects, 84-88; success barriers Railway deregulation, 2-3, 6 summarized, 92-93; and welfare gains, 88. Rappoport, Paul, 120 See also Wireless communications Rate structures: Bell company bundled plans, Lucent, 163 72, 74-75; broadband services, 98; bundling advantages, 159-60; Canada, Manitoba Telecom Services, 135-36 134, 136; deregulation provisions, 12, 15, Manufacturing restrictions, Bell companies, 78-79; DSL, 134, 136, 149-50; as entry barrier, 31-33; as entry incentive, 79-80; Massachusetts, 52 and entry strategies, 38-40; European MCI, 50, 79, 82, 89, 92 Union, 138; and household spending, Multichannel multipoint distribution services 25-27; international comparisons, (MMDS), 114 107-08, 146-50; Japan, 143, 149; local Murdoch, Rupert, 171 services, 44