nd approval renders antitrust immunity improper, because 54 For cases holding that regulations governing the interconnection of local and long-distance services did not impliedly immunize conduct from the antitrust laws, see Mid-Tex. Commc'ns Sys., Inc. V. AT&T, 615 F.2d 1372, 1377-81 (5th Cir. 1980); MCI, 708 F.2d at 1101-05; S. Pac. Commc'ns, 740 F.2d at 999-1000; United States V. AT&T, 461 F. Supp. 1314, 1320-30 (D.D.C. 1978). For a similar decision regarding the interconnection of paging systems, see Indus. Commc'ns, 505 F.2d at 156. For similar decisions regarding the interconnection of CPE, see Essential Commc'ns Sys., Inc. V. AT&T, 610 F.2d 1114, 1116-25 (3d Cir. 1979); Sound, Inc. V. AT&T, 631 F.2d 1324, 1327-31 (8th Cir. 1980); Ne. Tel. Co. V. AT&T, 651 F.2d 76, 82-84 (2d Cir. 1981); Phonetele, Inc. V. AT&T, 664 F.2d 716, 726-35 (9th Cir. 1981), modified, Nos. 77-3877 and 77-2936, 1982 WL 11277 (9th Cir. Mar. 15, 1982); Macom Prods. Corp. V. AT&T, 359 F. Supp. 973, 976 (C.D. Cal. 1973); Int'l Tel. & Tel. Corp. V. Gen. Tel. & Elecs. Corp., 449 F. Supp. 1158, 1163-69 (D. Haw. 1978); Jarvis, Inc. V. AT&T, 481 F. Supp. 120, 123-24 (D.D.C. 1978). The only exceptions are two district court decisions that were later overturned on appeal - see Phonetele, Inc. V. AT&T, 435 F. Supp. 207 (C.D. Cal. 1977), rev'd, 664 F.2d 716 (9th Cir. 1981); Dasa Corp. V. Gen. Tel. Co., 1977-2 Trade Cas. (CCH) 61,610 (C.D. Cal. May 10, 1977), rev'd sub nom. Phonetele, Inc. V. AT&T, 664 F.2d 716 (9th Cir. 1981) - and a third, thinly reasoned decision that relied entirely on the authority of the two previous decisions - see Monitor Bus. Machs. V. AT&T, 1978-1 Trade Cas. (CCH) g 62,030 (C.D. Cal. May 5, 1978) (relying on Phonetele and Dasa). 55 United States V. AT&T, 461 F. Supp. at 1326. Antitrust as Applied to Network Industries the tariffs are the result of the telephone companies' business judgment rather than regulatory coercion. 56 State Action Immunity. Since its landmark decision in Parker V. Brown (317 U.S. 341 (1943)), the S