gregation possibilities, and frequently the availability and characteristics of the backhaul are the decider in the adopted split. The first disaggregation point is the traditional wireless network architecture where the NG interface (3GPP TS 38.41x series) is used as the connection over the transport network back to the 5GC. The example given for this split is an indoor residential small cell with xDSL or Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) backhaul, which was the first widely adopted use case for small cells. Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) or cable is used to route the backhaul to the telephone or cable TV provider's core network, from where it is subsequently routed to the wireless network operator's core network. This routing method results in a connection that is called a non-ideal backhaul (3GPP TR 36.932) and has latency and bandwidth characteristics only suitable for the NG interface. Another notable advantage of the traditional NG split is that integration (interoperability) with sur- rounding base station equipment is optional; small cells may still utilize the Xn interface (3GPP TS 38.42x) to coordinate with neighboring cells, but this is not a requirement. The second disaggregation point is the F1 interface (3GPP TS38.47x), which separates the base station functionality into non-real-time components at the CU and real-time components at the DU. This option is described in more detail in Section 4.1. In the context of a 5G network this means the latency between the CU and DU can be of the order of 10 ms (SCF 049). The example given for this split is an outdoor small cell network with the small cells used to add extra capacity in a location where the network was previously congested. The small cells are shown with fiber connections back to a central 4G or 5G macro cell, although this could be a standalone CU for a small cell network. The attractiveness of the F1 interface is that it enables joint SON and resource management across multiple small cells, reducing interferen