hat adherence to these standards will result in applications that can be used on a large variety of platforms and globally in many operators' ritories. The organization was established as a nonprofit in February 2010. In addition to its first version of a technical standard, WAC 1.0, availability of a second version, WAC 2.0, was announced. To date, eight carriers including China Mobile, Telefónica, and Verizon are connected to the WAC platform. One of the APIs is a standard way for developers and carriers to bill for apps. The membership of WAC is made up of the largest carriers in China, Spain, Ger- many, France, Japan, Italy, England, the United States, Canada, and Latin America. According to WAC, carriers will have the advantage of streamlined support. They will be able to support one App Store for all of their devices and operations, worldwide. This will simplify the number of different applications for which they will need screen, price, and provide customer service. Equipment manufacturers and application developers have also joined the WAC community. Developers will have the advantage of being able to develop applications that can be used worldwide, rather than having to support each different operating system and device. The same compatibility applies to manufacturers' equipment. Mobile and Wi-Fi Networks Mobile Banking Transactions and Payments In addition to running apps, mobile handsets can be utilized for mobile banking and financial transactions. These mobile applications include the following: Payments for mass transit User can pass their smartphone near a reader to pay for subway, bus, and train transportation instead of using tokens or purchasing monthly passes. Apps on mobile phones can take advantage of a short-range wireless technology called Near Field Communications (NFC) to interact with the reader. The user simply needs to pass her phone within 1.56 inches (4 cm) of the payment reader. Check deposits Smartphone apps use the device's camera to take a picture of the check and then transmit t