S/UK educated and trained personnel have returned back-home and face a lot of cultural challenges. Keeping these challenges and the phenomena of globalization in mind, it is important that firms conduct trainings sessions on Cultural Management/Adaptation. Next Generation Mobile Communications Ecosystem Technology Roadmapping: The roadmaps of the different players in the value chain need to be aligned. Any delay from any player, in particular from the chipset supplier, will delay the final delivery to the end user as was shown in Section 12.9.2. Technology Foresight and Commercialization: The industry needs to be vigilant and have foresight in order not to get caught off-guard. The speech from Google CEO on 'Mobile First' during GSMA 2010 has given shivers to many mobile players. The convergence of Media, Telecom and Financial Services sectors needs to be properly foresighted and commercialized. The backcasting method is very much applicable to the mobile industry. Now the time has come for MCI to start looking into disruptive technologies. Mobile Communications was itself a disruptive technology. Next was the Internet, which is a very high end disruptive and killer application that has changed the whole world while IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem), which is struggling to be recognized, can be considered as a low end disruptive technology. Managed Services: In order to manage the network, OSS (operations support systems) are required. On a similar note, TM seems to be necessary for managing not only the entire network including OSS and user devices, but also for the end-to-end delivery of solutions. Let's finally look again into the enhanced mobile communications model and perform a validity check (Table 13.1). In a nutshell, ignoring and/or non-effectively practicing any of the domains of Technology Management could have significant repercussions. The domains of TM provide the bond that keeps the different components and players together. 13.3 4G The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the internationall