rriers if it is desired to serve such UEs. The channel occupancy numbers for Frequency Table 6.2 Channel occupancy of LTE compared to 5G for sub 6 GHz operation (in MHz) for different nominal channel bandwidths. 5 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz 20 MHz 25 MHz 40 MHz 50 MHz 60 MHz 80 MHz 100 MHz LTE 15 kHz 13.50 18.00 5G 15 kHz 14.22 19.08 23.94 38.88 48.60 5G 30 kHz 13.68 18.36 23.40 38.16 47.88 58.32 78.12 98.28 5G 60 kHz 12.96 17.28 22.32 36.72 46.80 56.88 77.04 97.20 6 5G Physical Layer Table 6.3 Channel occupancy for frequencies above 24 GHz (Release 15 Frequency range 2). 50 MHz 100 MHz 200 MHz 400 MHz 5G 60 kHz 47.520 95.040 190.080 5G 120 kHz 46.080 95.040 190.080 380.160 Range 2 (FR2) are shown in Table 6.3. As shown in Table 6.3, the channel occupancy is around 95% with the mandatory 200 MHz channel bandwidth with both 60 and 120 kHz subcarrier spacing. The practical phase noise performance is foreseen to limit the use of 60 kHz subcarrier spacing on higher frequencies. Physical Channels and Signals L1 channels are defined in Release 15 for downlink [2]: Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), which carriers only L1 Downlink Control Information (DCI) and uses only Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation. There are 1 or more Control Channel Elements (up to 16) used for PDCCH transmissions, which allows one to adjust the amount of physical layer resources used for each PDCCH transmission. This enables basically link adaptation for PDCCH transmission depending on the link conditions. Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) carrying the user data, as well as control information for higher layers (MAC and above). The PDSCH provides the physical layer to transport the Downlink the Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH), which car- ries information from higher layers. Also, the Paging Channel (PCH) is carried on the PDSCH. The PDSCH can use either QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, or 256-QAM mod- ulation. PDSCH allocation, and other parameters used for PDSCH transmission, are signaled on the PDCCH. Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH