th a corresponding rise in the demand for infrastructure services to support this growth. Tourism will also continue to place additional and seasonally varying demands on the water infrastructure in some developing countries. At the same time in developed countries, the relative scarcity of and competition for resources (increasing due to climate change) will provide the impetus to reduce reliance in some areas, of which water could well be one. It is expected that India and China will become major economic powers after 2015. This is underpinned by their growth in prosperity, commitment to education and stable government. Both the United States and European Union will continue to be major players in international capital and influence, and all OECD countries will continue to grow economically. Economic structure It is expected that in most developed countries the labour force will be urbanised, and will either stagnate or shrink due to increasing use of automation. Employment in both agriculture and manufacturing will decline further, adding to the urbanised nature of these societies and their expectations, although in China and India the recent growth in agriculture as part of the economy and reliance on irrigation may continue. Hence in these and a number of other developing countries, although there will be rapid urbanisation and a concentration of economic activity in the cities, agriculture will remain a significant employer and part of the economy. These will also be the areas of the INFRASTRUCTURE TO 2030: TELECOM, LAND TRANSPORT, WATER AND ELECTRICITY - ISBN 92-64-02398-4 - © OECD 2006 5. THE IMPACTS OF CHANGE ON THE LONG-TERM FUTURE DEMAND FOR WATER SECTOR INFRASTRUCTURE highest growth in the labour force. Such changes will underpin the demands for water services and control the types of service to be provided, especially in the urban areas. Public finance, investment and capital markets Public finance and privatisation In most OECD countries, not only will total tax revenue become harder to raise, but t