o damaged. Repairing and laying new fiber is a time-consuming endeavor. Using Distributed Antenna Systems for In- Building and Subway Coverage Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS) are an alternative for coverage within buildings. DASs consist of repeaters connected to coaxial or fiber-optic cabling in buildings. A repeater amplifies cellular signals transmitted throughout buildings, subways, or stadiums by equipment that the cellular carrier supplies. Repeaters are located throughout the building and transmit Radio Frequency (RF) signals to the macrocell. Unlike super femto cells, they don't actually offload traffic from the larger cellular network because they are not capable of reusing spectrum. They are connected to building broadband services to offload traffic from carriers' backhaul networks. DASs are also located in subway systems where traditional cell sites don't generally reach or provide adequate coverage. Municipalities negotiate contracts for carriers to install the cabling over which the repeaters are connected and the signals travel. The carrier installs www.TechnicalPDF.com antennas that provide the cellular signals. In some of these systems, particularly public spaces such as subways and airports, multiple carriers are connected to the DAS. This enables travelers and multiple mobile carriers' subscribers to use their mobile devices in these locations. An example of a DAS is the one installed at the Kin-nick Stadium in the University of Iowa. In this DAS, fiber is used between repeaters, and coaxial cable is installed for the final 30 to 40 feet to antennas and base stations. Building Out Mobile Networks without the Challenge of getting Permissions from Municipalities Prior to 2018, arranging permission from municipalities to run fiber and place antennas needed for the thousands of new small cells carriers are building for HetNets in LTE and 5G networks was the biggest challenges in upgrading mobile networks. Rights of way for the increased fiber needed to connect small cells to macro cells were one 