t America Model), 141-142 e-rate subsidies, 143 Internet connectivity costs in, 198-199 Lifeline subsidies, 142-143 categories, unshielded twisted pair, 19-20 CATV (Community Antenna TV), 135 CBS, 285 CCA (Competitive Carrier Association), 329 CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), 334, 383 CDNs (Content Delivery Networks), 293 cellular networks. See Wi-Fi and mobile networks Cellular Service on Wheels (CoW), 354 Centennial, 151 Central Office Re-architected as a Data Center (CORD), 172, 181-184 CenturyLink co-location facilities, 223 CORD (Central Office Re-architected as a Data Center), 182 FTTH (fiber to the home), 208-209 history of, 128 ISP services, 276 large enterprise reliance on, 130 lobbying by, 148 mergers and acquisitions, 132, 133-134 as resellers, 155 rural availability of, 315 subscription services, 215-216 channel bonding, 372 channels www.TechnicalPDF.com local, 254 symmetric coaxial cable capacity, 214 DOCSIS standards, 213-215, 225 QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), 214-215 Chapman, Jim, 97 charging batteries, 365-366 Charter, 135 charts, network monitoring with, 98 China, broadband services in, 230 chips, 21 Cincinnati Bell, 151,155 circuit-switched voice, 189 circuit-switching service, 200-201 Cisco WebEx, 109 Class of Service (CoS), 118, 238 Clearwire, 151 client software, 79, 242 client steering, 376 Clift, Steve, 310 cloud computing, 47-49 Amazon, 44, 49-50, 53 applications, 58-60 automatic updates, 59 challenges of, 61-62 compatibility issues, 56-57 data centers, impact on, 81-82 DevOps, 56 direct dedicated interconnections to, 257-258 fiber-optic networks and, 6 growth of, 4-5 IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service), 51, 53 international regulations, 60-61 monitoring, 57-58 www.TechnicalPDF.com network monitoring systems, 98-99 PaaS (Platform as a Service), 51, 52 privacy, 60-61 private, 49 public, 49 rationale for, 49-50, 61-62 regulations, 54 SaaS (Software as a Service), 51-52 security, 55-56 - spinning applications to cloud, 53-54 submarine network systems, 186 video conferencing, 109-