for any additional bandwidth hungry applications that might come with IMS. 12.11.4 Solution Integration and Launch The end-to-end integration of HSPA+ will require fewer efforts than EPS. The existing HSPA base stations can be upgraded to HSPA+ primarily with software upgrades and with some new hardware (cards). The rest of the network will primarily be upgraded on the basis of capacity. On the other hand, EPS will require new base stations (eNodeBs) and new core network (EPC). The IMS layer is right at the top of it and needs to be planned out ahead of time. The existing backhaul cannot support EPS and needs to be significantly upgraded before launching EPS solution. 12.11.5 Ongoing Operations Service providers need to take ongoing operations activities as a basis for building a dynamic OSS solution that is able to meet their requirements as quickly as possible, and that is also able to manage 7 EPS is expected to be deployed on the existing cell sites of the operators to make the migration profitable. Technology Management multi-vendor, multi-technology networks and related services as well. What service providers expect is that they could make better use of their resources to cut the operational and network management expenditure SO as to run the business in a future proof manner and to provide better services to its customers [34]. Site maintenance, whether managed in-house or outsourced, needs to be carefully analyzed on a regular basis. The ongoing expansion and operational expenses also need to be a part of the managed services. 12.11.5.1 Commercialization The involvement of the project manager to support the sales team in understanding the market, the customer, and the business environment will be beneficial. The billing and customer service processes also need to be strengthened further. The understanding of competitors' plans and roadmap needs to be accounted for as well. The education of the masses will be an important factor in the success of EPS and IMS. Lastly, the operator and the vendors have to m