n Chapter 6, "The Internet," for information on the European Union's investigation of Google's privacy practices and page ranking that favored its own sites for such services as travel and retail over those of competitors. In addition, Google offers cloud hosting to enterprises in the United States and internationally. The international locations include Netherlands, Montreal, www.TechnicalPDF.com Finland, and Hong Kong. Because of their need for capacity for transmitting data between all of these sites, Google has also invested in subsea, or submarine, cables to ensure that capacity is available for the massive amounts of data they transmit between all of their cloud data centers. In addition to their software, Alphabet purchased former hardware manufacturer Northern Telecom's mobile telephone manufacturing unit. They also acquired the Android mobile operating system from Android Inc. The initial version of Android was developed by Andy Rubin. The Android operating system is installed primarily on Google's Chrome laptops, Google Pixel smartphones, and Samsung smartphones. Alphabet made over 100 investments using their profits from Google's advertising and software rights between 2001 and 2018. Alphabet had total revenue of $31.15 billion in the first quarter of 2018. Growth in mobile services, YouTube, and primarily Google advertising revenue, is adding to Alphabet's bottom line. Table 3-8 is a partial list of acquired companies and services developed by Alphabet and its subsidiaries. See "Using Search Engines to Unleash Vast Stores of Information" in Chapter 6. Table 3-8 A sample of Alphabet's Endeavors Software or Service Product or Service Status and Offering Capability Capabilities Googl Fiber to the premises in 10 Put on hold in 2016 areas for Internet access, and because of higher than Fiber cable TV in the following expected costs & fewer metropolitan areas: Kansas subscribers; at that time City, Atlanta, Charlotte and service had 84,232 TV Raleigh-Durham, N.C. and subscribers and 453,000 Nashville, Tenne