treaming media, use of QoS, 420 native mode, 199 stub area, OSPF, 123 defined, 197 subinterfaces, 305, 314-316 FWSM (Firewall Services Modules), 217 assigning virtual circuits to, 315 Switched Multimegabit Data Service (SMDS) configuring for three-node frame relay networks, 125 network, 315 Switched Port Analyzer (SPAN), 241-244 point-to-point and multipoint, 314 configuring with monitor command, 241 PVCs assigned to, status of, 319 switched virtual circuits (SVCs), frame three-node frame relay network with, 315 relay, 299 subnet masks, 97 switched virtual interfaces (see SVIs) classful protocols and, 113 switches, 10-18 inverse broadcasts sent through, 8 using in EIGRP, 118 chassis-based, planning using in OSPF, 125 installation, 16-18 VLSM (Variable Length Subnet cooling, 17 Masking), 487-489 installing/removing modules, 17 VLSM (Variable Length Subnet power, 16 Masks), 116 rack space, 16 wildcard masks, 323 routing cables, 18 subnet octets, valid and invalid, 499 Index configuration as VTP servers, clients, or VTP transparent, 45 configuring auto-negotiation, 23 T1, 268-287 alarms, 276-279 connecting PIX firewalls, 379 connecting with trunks, 25 blue alarm (AIS), 279 defined, 11 red alarm, 277 determining where to send frames, 12 yellow alarm (RAI), 278 layer-3, 27 configuring, 283-287 with limited routing capabilities, 203 CSU/DSU configuration, 283 multilayer, 197-203 CSU/DSU troubleshooting, 284-287 configuring SVIs, 198-201 encoding, 270-272 models, 203 AMI (Alternate Mark Inversion), 270 operating system, 11 B8ZS (Binary Eight Zero running CatOS, show cam command, 14 Substitution), 271 trunking protocols framing, 272-274 choosing a protocol, 36 D4/superframe, 273 supported on Cisco switches, 34 ESF (extended superframe), 274 types of, 14-15 full-duplex links, 268 VLANs, 24 performance monitoring, 274 trunks between, 25 bipolar violation (BPV), 275 switching CRC6 (Cyclic Redundancy Check (6-bit)), 276 ambiguities in terminology, 11 within Cisco router, types of, 181 EES (extreme errored seconds), 276 confi