ell by "offering a solution that performs all the necessary intelligent calculations on-chip, significantly reducing the amount of calculations performed by the host-side microcontroller." Unlike a standard battery monitor, bqJunior incorporates an on-board processor to calculate the remaining battery capacity and system run-time. The device measures the battery's charge and discharge currents to within 1 percent error using an integrated low-offset voltage-to-frequency converter. An analog-to-digital converter measures battery voltage and temperature. Using the measurement inputs, the bqJunior runs an algorithm to accurately calculate remaining battery capacity and system run time. bqJunior compensates remaining battery capacity and run times for battery discharge rate and temperature variations. Because the device performs the algorithm and data set calculations, there's no need to develop and incorpo- rate code to implement those tasks in the host system processor, which helps reduce development time and total implementation cost. The host system processor simply reads the data set in bqJunior to retrieve remaining battery capacity, run time, and other critical information that's fundamental to com- prehensive battery and power management, including available power, COOLING TECHNOLOGIES average current, temperature, voltage, and time to empty and full charge. bqJunior includes a single wire communications port to communicate the data set to the system host controller. The fuel gauge operates directly from a single lithium ion cell and operates at less than 100 microamps. It features three low- power standby modes to minimize battery consumption during periods of system inactivity. Other bqJunior features include a low-offset voltage-to-frequency con- verter (VFC) for accurate charge and discharge counting. Also provided are an internal time base and an on-chip configuration EEPROM that allows application-specific parameters. bqJunior takes advantage of Texas Instru- ment's new LBC4 copper CMOS process node, wh