n they added four permanent magnets to the outside of one of the standard magnets, they could disrupt the magnetic field in such a way that it becomes benign to nearby electrical devices, yet doesn't significantly affect the performance of the microwave oven. The discovery could also have an enormous impact on the signal-to-noise ratio in radar, say the researchers. Chapter The Unblinking Eye- Security and Surveillance Besides allowing people to easily communicate with each other and to obtain vital information effortlessly, telecom also enables businesses, corporations, and other organizations and individuals to know what other people are doing. Emerging telecom technologies, including camera phones, networked surveil- lance cameras, and wireless security sensors, allow the monitoring of streets and property to an extent unimaginable only a few years ago. On the other hand, telecom itself depends on security technologies. Without systems in place to safeguard devices and networks, telecom systems would be highly vulnerable to intruders seeking financial gain seeking to create havoc. This means that security is undoubtedly a double-sided proposition, protect- ing both people and the systems they use. 7.1 TESTING SECURITY In the aftermath of September 11, 2001, the federal government has increased its interest in telecom-driven security and surveillance technologies and cyber- security in general. Spearheading the government's security initiative at the academic level is the National Science Foundation (NSF). The NSF recently made 23 awards for 11 projects that will develop networking testbeds for research into cybersecurity, next-generation wireless and optical networking, and leading-edge scientific applications. These testbeds will let researchers Telecosmos: The Next Great Telecom Revolution, edited by John Edwards ISBN 0-471-65533-3 Copyright © 2005 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. TESTING SECURITY push new networking technologies to the breaking point and beyond, paving the way for a more reliable Internet of tomo