25 none method, 358 processes, 104 redistributing into, 137-139 nonfabric-enabled modules, 213 nonfabric-enabled modules, connectors, 213 external route types in OSPF, 138 metrics, 137 nonpriority queue converged network, too large, 457 route tags, setting, 142 converged network, too small, 456 redistributing routes into another nontriggered (timed) updates, 112 protocol, 137 limiting to internal routes, 149 normal area, OSPF, 122 redistribution into EIGRP, resulting NSSA (Not So Stubby Area), 123 NSSA (Not So Stubby Area) LSAs, 122 redistribution loop, 140 router classifications, 121 NSSA totally stub area, 123 NTP (Network Time Protocol), 506-512 routes in the routing table, 125 separation of networks into areas, 122 accurate time, defining, 506 configuring, 510-512 storage of route information in databases, 126 NTP client, 510 two processes on single network, 104 NTP server, 512 out-of-band signaling, 270, 273 design, 508 outside interface (PIX firewall), 369, 381 hierarchy in corporate network, 509 configuring for use as IP address for global ntp master command, 512 PAT, 384 ntp peer ip-address command, 512 overclocking Tls, 290 ntp server command, 510 overflow condition, 418 ntp update-calender command, 512 oversubscribed link, using QoS for, 420 null VTP domain, 49 oversubscription, frame-relay links, 306 Index Perlman, Radia, 67 permanent virtual circuits (see PVCs) packets, 10 permit clauses, 174 altering with route maps, 173 per-packet load balancing in CEF, 193 categories of, 419 persistent command, 403 multicast, 103 Per-VLAN Spanning Tree (PVST), 77 PAgP (Port Aggregation Control phase-locked loop (PLL), 284 Protocol), 60 physical audit, performing, 519 CatOS EtherChannel, 61 PAP (Password Authentication physical connections, network machines, 3 physical layer first (in problem Protocol), 347 isolation), 316,5 debugging PPP authentication, 348 physical links (EtherChannel), load balancing one-way authentication, 347 on, 56-60 two-way authentication, 348 PID (process ID), 104 parallel detection, 20 pin