 Examples of machine interaction with remote equipment are polling for measurement records and automatic database enquiries (tele-machines) Location-based services belong often to the interactive class. See below. Interactive traffic is dependent on the request response pattern of the end user. At the message destination there is an entity expecting the message (response) within a certain time. Round-trip delay time is therefore one of the key attributes. Another characteristic is that the content of the packets must be transparently transferred (with low bit error rate). For mobile systems two types of users are included, namely laptop users and mini browser users. Users referred to as mini-browser users are assumed to be running their applications over efficient protocols and are commonly known as 'thin clients'. A palmtop or pocket phone type is an example of such clients. Service session characteristics include: Duration of one session Byte volume up and down per session Packet size up and down link File size down Inter request times Number of sessions per day User access (rate, QoS) Distribution of sessions during the day Location-based Services It is easy to predict that location-based services and applications will become one of the key dimensions in UMTS. A location-based service is provided either by a teleoperator or by a third-party provider that utilizes available information regarding the terminal location. Computer Games Playing a computer game interactively across a network is one example of an application that can be part of the interactive class. However, depending on the nature of the game, Understanding Changing Telecommunications - Building a Successful Telecom Business i.e. how intensive data transfer is, it may belong to the conversational class with high requirements for the maximum end-to-end delay. 5.4.4 BACKGROUND CLASS Examples of background communication are status information, remote measurement and M2M communication. M2M communication is used for example for file transfer between ope