103, 133 self-adaptation 90 244-246 self-certification 288 self-configurability S-tag 80, 82, 119 self-management Stateful 55, 56 self-negotiation Stateless self-optimization Steering 161, 177 self-service 210 self-similar 227 STM-1 self-similarity 61 STM-64 self-standing 287 STM-N 6, 107 sensor 163, 205, 207, 208, 244, 246 store-and-forward 243 service-aware 90, 100 stratum 8, 67-70, 77-79, 82-84, 86, 90, set-top 185, 186, 188, 190-192 165, 181, 197, 198, 308 139-142, 148, 149 stub 8 141, 143, 147, 150, 151 subscriber 3, 6, 16, 36, 61, 71, 72, 103-105, signaling 5, 9, 26, 50, 52, 60, 65-70, 72, 73, 107, 108, 112, 116, 121, 131, 133, 76, 77, 86, 94, 106, 114, 124, 125, 134, 140, 143, 150, 181, 195, 215, 127, 139-141, 148, 149, 151-153, 229, 237, 252, 268, 294, 295, 302 159, 167, 180-183, 196, 224, 229, subscription 3, 46, 72, 77, 78, 245 233, 236, 237, 258, 308 supervision 66, 70-77, 99, 140, 181-183, 235, 308 super-wideband 188, 189 145, 297 switch 109, 156, 218, 229, 231, 266 site-to-site 84-86, 196, 197, 249 synchronization 29, 115, 120, 152, 173, Skype 6, 40, 61, 180, 198, 215, 217, 235, 184, 223, 229, 235 237, 258, 263, 264, 268, 276, 300, 310 synchronous 6, 66, 67, 228 16, 51, 56, 78, 86, 90, 95,, 116, 118, 121, 128, 170, 199, 200, 204, 211, 217, 224, 225, 240, 241, 247, 250, tactile 251, 288-291, 295 tag 80-82, 111, 117, 119 71,72 tariff(s) 10, 11, 14, 15, 18, 201, 209, 210, slice 91-93, 99, 147, 164, 165, 208, 246 226, 258, 269 slicing 90, 93, 94, 97, 99, 164, 165, 218, TCONT/T-CONT 115-117 245, 258, 306 5, 6, 9, 28-35, 40, 42-44, 46, 50, 56, 62, 74, 88, 123, 124, 127, 166, 192-195, 200-203, 213, 221, 237, SMF 146, 147, 166, 168, 170 239, 252, 257, 258, 291, 292, 298, socio-economic 2, 11, 171 socket 28, 29, 67, 124, 256 Index 66, 67, 71, 109, 110, 114, 116, 118, transparency 226, 270, 274, 275, 278, 283 196, 221, 227-229, 232, 235 TRC-FE 78, 79, 84 138, 139, 154, 157, 171, 297 tree-based telco(s) 70, 212, 214, 215, 310 TRE-FE 79 telegraph 1, 137 triple-play 219, 304 telephone 1, 3-7, 9, 10, 20, 21, 25, 3