elated to manually counted votes. Tourism, a major source of income, declined and hotels closed down after the election violence. Although it picked up again and more tourists resumed undertaking safaris to Kenya's national parks, recent kidnappings and murders of foreigners by Somalian militants may dampen tourism again. In addition, to avoid problems, future election results will be tallied electroni- cally, making it more difficult to tamper with results. Even though about 50 percent of the population is below the poverty line and large income disparity still exists between the very wealthy and the rest of the popu- lation, there is a growing middle class and many Kenyans hope to provide a college education for their children. These parents often start saving as soon as they're married SO that their children will have the money to attend one of Kenya's public universi- ties. Remittances from family members that emigrated to other countries also provide a safety net for the population living below poverty levels. The high rate of poverty results in most mobile subscriptions that use prepaid services, which are less costly for customers and less profitable for carriers. Elementary education is free throughout Kenya, and most children are educated to that level. However, until recently all secondary schools had fees. In some areas, the government is starting to offer free high school. There are both public and private Mobile Carriers Worldwide universities in Kenya, with a limited number of scholarships. Some people attend eve- ning classes at smaller colleges that provide additional training and certificates. As these graduates enter the labor force, there will be both a growing number of people in the workforce able to purchase high-end mobile services, and a labor force with the technical skills to develop sophisticated networks and applications. In 2010, Kenya approved a new constitution that distributes power more evenly between the president and the parliament. Prior to this, the president selected his gov-