hough older companies typically selected their DNS domains by putting .com at the end of their name (e.g., sun.com and microsoft.com), Internet-oriented start-ups often put ".com" into their corpo- rate names. Amazon Books had renamed itself Amazon.com Inc. after diversify- ing its product line. Other companies created their corporate identity by purchasing an easily remembered domain name from a speculator that had grabbed it earlier. This provided names to famous flameouts such as Pets.com and Toys.com. Many observers mark the beginning of the bubble with the IPO of Netscape Communications in 1995. Netscape, still basically a start-up, was founded in 1994 by Mark Andreesen, who a year earlier, as a graduate stu- dent in Illinois, had written Mosaic, the first graphical Web browser. Netscape's main product was its browser software, which it gave away for free. The company had been founded as Mosaic Communications Inc., but the University of Illinois reminded it that the university owned the name Mosaic. Andreesen's new browser's nickname was Mozilla; early release notes said it was spelled Netscape but pronounced "Mozilla." [29]. In 1995, Web brows- ing was rather new, and Netscape's new browser was a market share leader. Netscape did, however, try to sell some later versions of the browser-an effort that met with little success-and it did have some for-pay products, such as a Web server. Its products were potentially attractive for corporate "Intranets," as well as public Internet applications, and some people viewed the browser as a new software-development platform, potentially as impor- tant as a computer's operating system. Still, a bet on Netscape's stock was at best highly speculative. The company expected to raise about $60 mil- lion to $70 million by going public, but at the end of its first day of trad- ing, its market capitalization was an astounding $2.3 billion. This was an open invitation for other companies to jump in and capitalize on Internet tulipmania. Netscape itself was not a long-term succe