As a chemist , Michael Faraday discovered benzene , invented an early type of Bunsen burner , and popularized terminology such as anode , cathode , electrode , and ion . As a chemist , Michael Faraday discovered benzene , investigated the clathrate hydrate of chlorine , invented an early form of the Bunsen burner and the system of oxidation numbers , and popularized terminology such as anode , cathode , electrode , and ion .