Poland took everything east of the Oder-Neisse line , e.g. Silesia , Pomerania , eastern Brandenburg and East Prussia . The Soviet Union took the northern third of East Prussia , including KÃ nigsberg , now Kaliningrad . With the end of Nazi rule in 1945 came the division of Germany into Zones of Occupation , and the transfer of control of everything east of the Oder-Neisse line , ( including Silesia , Farther Pomerania , Eastern Brandenburg , and southern East Prussia ) , to Poland , with the northern third of East Prussia , including KÃ nigsberg , now Kaliningrad , going to the Soviet Union .