Paul CÃ zanne ( 19 January 1839 - 22 October 1906 ) was a French painter . Paul CÃ zanne ( ; 19 January 1839 â `` 22 October 1906 ) was a French artist and Post-Impressionist painter whose work laid the foundations of the transition from the 19th century conception of artistic endeavor to a new and radically different world of art in the 20th century .