The Partition of Bengal in 1947 , part of the Partition of India , was a direct partition that divided the British Indian province of Bengal between the Republic of India and the new State of Pakistan , with West Bengal becoming a province of Hindustan and East Bengal becoming a province of Pakistan . The Partition of Bengal in 1947 , part of the Partition of India , was a religiously based partition that divided the British Indian province of Bengal between India and Pakistan . Predominantly Hindu West Bengal became a province of India , and predominantly Muslim East Bengal became a province of Pakistan .