Wildlife management is a general term for the process of keeping wild species at desirable levels as determined by wildlife managers . Wildlife management can include game keeping , wildlife conservation and pest control . The institutional foundations of the profession of wildlife management were established in the 1930s , when Leopold was granted the first university professorship in wildlife management ( 1933 , University of Wisconsin , Madison ) , when Leopold 's textbook ` Game Management ' was published ( 1933 ) , when The Wildlife Society was founded , when the Journal of Wildlife Management began publishing , and when the first Cooperative Wildlife Research Units were established .