It was made of four main campaigns : the Sinai and Palestine Campaign , the Mesopotamian Campaign , the Caucasus Campaign , and the Dardanelles Campaign . The combatants were the Ottoman Empire , with some assistance from the other Central Powers , and primarily the British and the Russians among the Allies of World War I. There were five main campaigns : the Sinai and Palestine Campaign , the Mesopotamian Campaign , the Caucasus Campaign , the Persian Campaign and the Gallipoli Campaign .