A total of 29 nations participated in the Antwerp Games , only one more than in 1912 , as Germany , Austria , Hungary , Bulgaria and Turkey were not invited . From the newly-created European states , only Estonia and Czechoslovakia took part . A total of 29 nations participated in the Antwerp Games , only one more than in 1912 , as Germany , Austria , Hungary , Bulgaria and Turkey were not invited , having lost World War I. From the newly created European states , only Estonia took part , and Czechoslovakia , succeeding Bohemia which had sent athletes prior to World War I as part of the Austrian Empire .