A CLOSER LOOK 1
<h3 style="text-align: justify;" id="vocabulary">Vocabulary</h3> <h4 style="text-align: justify;">1. Complete the table with appropriate verbs, nouns, and adjectives.</h4> <table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 134.344px;" border="1"> <tbody> <tr style="height: 22.3906px;"> <td style="width: 32.0218%; text-align: center; height: 22.3906px;"><strong><span style="text-align: justify;">Verb</span></strong></td> <td style="width: 32.0218%; text-align: center; height: 22.3906px;"><strong><span style="text-align: justify;">Noun</span></strong></td> <td style="width: 32.0247%; text-align: center; height: 22.3906px;"><strong><span style="text-align: justify;">Adjective</span></strong></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 22.3906px;"> <td style="width: 32.0218%; height: 22.3906px;"><span style="text-align: justify;">to poison</span></td> <td style="width: 32.0218%; height: 22.3906px;"><span style="text-align: justify;">(1)__________&nbsp;</span></td> <td style="width: 32.0247%; height: 22.3906px;"><span style="text-align: justify;">poisonous</span></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 22.3906px;"> <td style="width: 32.0218%; height: 22.3906px;"><span style="text-align: justify;">(2)__________</span></td> <td style="width: 32.0218%; height: 22.3906px;"><span style="text-align: justify;">contamination </span>contaminant&nbsp;</td> <td style="width: 32.0247%; height: 22.3906px;"><span style="text-align: justify;">contaminated</span></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 22.3906px;"> <td style="width: 32.0218%; height: 22.3906px;"><span style="text-align: justify;">to pollute</span></td> <td style="width: 32.0218%; height: 22.3906px;"><span style="text-align: justify;">pollution (3)__________&nbsp;</span></td> <td style="width: 32.0247%; height: 22.3906px;"><span style="text-align: justify;">(4)__________</span></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 22.3906px;"> <td style="width: 32.0218%; height: 22.3906px;">to die&nbsp;<span style="text-align: justify;"><br></span></td> <td style="width: 32.0218%; height: 22.3906px;"><span style="text-align: justify;">(5)__________</span></td> <td style="width: 32.0247%; height: 22.3906px;"><span style="text-align: justify;">dead</span></td> </tr> <tr style="height: 22.3906px;"> <td style="width: 32.0218%; height: 22.3906px;">to damage<span style="text-align: justify;"><br></span></td> <td style="width: 32.0218%; height: 22.3906px;"><span style="text-align: justify;">damage</span></td> <td style="width: 32.0247%; height: 22.3906px;"><span style="text-align: justify;">(6)__________</span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 style="text-align: justify;">2. Complete the sentences with the words from the table in 1. You do not need to use all the words. The first letter of each word has been provided.</h4> <p style="text-align: justify;">1. The p__________ chemical waste is dumped into the river.</p><div class="google-auto-placed ap_container" style="width: 100%; height: auto; clear: both; text-align: center;"><ins data-ad-format="auto" class="adsbygoogle adsbygoogle-noablate" data-ad-client="ca-pub-8123786206223951" data-adsbygoogle-status="done" style="display: block; margin: auto; background-color: transparent; height: 0px;" data-ad-status="unfilled"><div id="aswift_4_host" tabindex="0" title="Advertisement" aria-label="Advertisement" style="border: none; height: 0px; width: 741px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; visibility: visible; background-color: transparent; display: inline-block; overflow: visible; opacity: 1;"><iframe id="aswift_4" name="aswift_4" style="left: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; border: 0px; width: 741px; height: 0px;" sandbox="allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation" width="741" height="0" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" vspace="0" hspace="0" allowtransparency="true" scrolling="no" src="https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/ads?client=ca-pub-8123786206223951&amp;output=html&amp;h=280&amp;adk=2020488560&amp;adf=2496579566&amp;pi=t.aa~a.1694800419~i.9~rp.4&amp;w=741&amp;fwrn=4&amp;fwrnh=100&amp;lmt=1690917665&amp;num_ads=1&amp;rafmt=1&amp;armr=3&amp;sem=mc&amp;pwprc=7302649500&amp;ad_type=text_image&amp;format=741x280&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fsachgiaokhoa.online%2Fa-closer-look-1-2319G2942.html&amp;fwr=0&amp;pra=3&amp;rh=186&amp;rw=741&amp;rpe=1&amp;resp_fmts=3&amp;wgl=1&amp;fa=27&amp;uach=WyJtYWNPUyIsIjEzLjAuMCIsIng4NiIsIiIsIjExNS4wLjU3OTAuMTE0IixbXSwwLG51bGwsIjY0IixbWyJOb3QvQSlCcmFuZCIsIjk5LjAuMC4wIl0sWyJHb29nbGUgQ2hyb21lIiwiMTE1LjAuNTc5MC4xMTQiXSxbIkNocm9taXVtIiwiMTE1LjAuNTc5MC4xMTQiXV0sMF0.&amp;dt=1690917665797&amp;bpp=2&amp;bdt=1311&amp;idt=-M&amp;shv=r20230727&amp;mjsv=m202307270401&amp;ptt=9&amp;saldr=aa&amp;abxe=1&amp;cookie=ID%3D94547395a8fa18af-22e89ad22ae300c0%3AT%3D1690912062%3ART%3D1690917535%3AS%3DALNI_MYNbCG599XmevrUPCYJ3Zv-Np5EvA&amp;gpic=UID%3D00000d3b2ce8a729%3AT%3D1690912062%3ART%3D1690917535%3AS%3DALNI_MaVlHrwAJeI0KGbMoTcFZDk5BwO2Q&amp;prev_fmts=0x0%2C741x280%2C1122x280&amp;nras=3&amp;correlator=8501376435837&amp;frm=20&amp;pv=1&amp;ga_vid=1698264119.1690917665&amp;ga_sid=1690917665&amp;ga_hid=1720697852&amp;ga_fc=0&amp;u_tz=420&amp;u_his=50&amp;u_h=1080&amp;u_w=1920&amp;u_ah=1055&amp;u_aw=1920&amp;u_cd=24&amp;u_sd=1&amp;dmc=8&amp;adx=394&amp;ady=1151&amp;biw=1910&amp;bih=970&amp;scr_x=0&amp;scr_y=0&amp;eid=44759876%2C44759927%2C44759842%2C31076512%2C31076578%2C44788442%2C21065725%2C44769662&amp;oid=2&amp;pvsid=348380949032204&amp;tmod=133538902&amp;uas=0&amp;nvt=1&amp;fc=1408&amp;brdim=0%2C25%2C0%2C25%2C1920%2C25%2C1920%2C1055%2C1920%2C970&amp;vis=1&amp;rsz=%7C%7Cs%7C&amp;abl=NS&amp;fu=128&amp;bc=31&amp;ifi=5&amp;uci=a!5&amp;btvi=2&amp;fsb=1&amp;xpc=EBCDt5YWqa&amp;p=https%3A//sachgiaokhoa.online&amp;dtd=13" data-google-container-id="a!5" data-google-query-id="COrM1ZaXvIADFc1hDwIdycMDPw" data-load-complete="true"></iframe></div></ins></div> <p style="text-align: justify;">2. Do you know what p__________ cause air pollution?</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">3. The d__________ fish are floating in the water.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">4. Don't drink that water. It's c__________.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">5. The acid rain has caused d__________ to the trees in this area.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">6. If we p__________ the air, more people will have breathing problems.</p> <table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;" border="1"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width: 48.674%;"> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CAUSE</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Here are some words and phrases can use to signal the <strong>cause</strong> of a problem:</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>• because/ since + clause</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Example:</em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Because/Since the water is polluted, the fish are dead.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>• due to/ because of + sth</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Example:</em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The fish are dead due to/because of the polluted water.</p> </td> <td style="width: 48.674%;"> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>EFFECT</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Here are some words and phrases can use to signal the <strong>effect</strong> of a problem:</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>• so + clause</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Example:</em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The water is polluted, so the fish are dead.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>• to cause sth/ to lead to sth/ to result in sth</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Example:</em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The polluted water causes/ results in death of the fish.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>• to make sb/sth do sth</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Example:</em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The polluted water makes the fish die.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="/uploads/tinymce/u7-l2-vocabularyc5a-1669228952.jpg.webp" width="814" height="655" alt="hinh-anh-a-closer-look-1-2319-0" title="hinh-anh-a-closer-look-1-2319-0" loading="lazy"></p><div> <div class="ads-horizontal-wrapped" style="height: auto !important; min-height: 0px !important;">
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</div><p></p> <h4 style="text-align: justify;">3a. Decide which sentence in each pair of sentences is a cause and which is an effect. Write C (for cause) or E (for effect) next to each sentence. Note that the words in brackets relate to Activity 3b.</h4> <p style="text-align: justify;">1. People throw litter on the ground. Many animals eat the litter and become sick. 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Ships spill oil in oceans and rivers. Many aquatic animals and plants die. 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Households dump waste into the river. It is polluted. (so)</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">4. Their children have birth defects. The parents were exposed to radiation. (since)</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">5. We can't see the stars at night. There is too much light pollution. (due to)</p> <h4 style="text-align: justify;">b. Combine the sentences in each pair into a new sentence that shows a cause/ effect relationship. Use the cause or effect signal word or phrase given in brackets. You will have to add, delete, or change words in most sentences.</h4> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Example</em>:</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">1. Because people throw litter on the ground, many animals eat it and become sick./ Many animals eat the litter and become sick because people throw it on the ground.</p> <h4 style="text-align: justify;">4. Work in groups. Look at the pairs of pictures. Give as many sentences as possible to show cause/ effect relationships.</h4> <p><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="/uploads/tinymce/u72-1669229266.PNG.webp" width="1218" height="281" alt="hinh-anh-a-closer-look-1-2319-1" title="hinh-anh-a-closer-look-1-2319-1" loading="lazy"></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Example:</em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">People cough because they breathe in the fumes from cars.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The fumes from cars make people cough.</p> <h3 style="text-align: justify;" id="pronunciation">Pronunciation</h3> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Stress in words ending in <em>-ic</em> and <em>-al</em></strong></p> <blockquote> <p style="text-align: justify;">Adding the suffix <strong><em>-ic</em></strong> changes the stress of a word. Stress the syllable immediately before the suffix.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Example:</em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">'atom → a'tomic&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Adding the suffix <strong><em>-al</em></strong> to a word does not change its stress.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Example</em>:</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">'music → 'musical</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Note:</strong> If a word can take both suffixes: one ending in <strong><em>-ic</em></strong> and the other ending in <strong><em>-al</em></strong>, both words have the stress on the same syllable.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Example</em>:</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">e'conomy → eco'nomic → eco'nomical</p> </blockquote> <p><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="/uploads/tinymce/u7-l2-pronunciation8cc1-1669229128.jpg.webp" width="703" height="655" alt="hinh-anh-a-closer-look-1-2319-2" title="hinh-anh-a-closer-look-1-2319-2" loading="lazy"></p> <h4>5. Listen and mark the stress in each word, then repeat it.</h4> <table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;" border="1"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width: 48.674%;"> <p style="text-align: justify;">1. artistic</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">2. athletic</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">3. historic<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">4. historical</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">5. logical<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span></p> </td> <td style="width: 48.674%;"> <p style="text-align: justify;">6. physical</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">7. heroic</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">8. poetic</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">9. botanic</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">10. botanical</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 style="text-align: justify;">6. Underline the words ending in -ic and circle the words ending in -al in the following sentences. Mark the stress in each word. Listen and check your answers, then repeat the sentences.</h4> <p style="text-align: justify;">1. According to scientific research, tiny species may help clean radioactive pollution.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">2. Water quality has become a national problem.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">3. Many people have received medical treatment because of the disease.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">4. Chemical waste can cause water pollution.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">5. The reduction in air pollution was dramatic last year.</p>