Ukutjhugululwa  Kwekoro Yezokulima

Inarha elinywako imgogodlha womthombo wezemvelo. Ukufumaneka nokusetjenziswa ngendlela yokuziphilisa kwenarha elinywako ukutjala nokufuya kuqakatheke khulu ekuziphiliseni kwethu.ISewula Afrika inenarha enengi nenabileko elungele imikhiqizo yezokulima, ama-37,9% wenarha yethu esetjenziselwa ibhizinisi ye-zokulima.Njengamanye amazwe amanengi, inarha yethu enothileko iqalene nengozi yokwehla kwezinga lokuno-tha kwayo, ukutlhayela kwamanzi nokunabela eendaweni zemadorobheni, kwakhiwe kizo. Silahle-kelwa godu yinarha eliny-wako esezingeni eliphezulu
ngonobangela wamatjhuguluko wokusetjenziswa kwayo.Ukuya ngokomlando wethu, ukunabisa ukufike-leleka kwenarha elinywako kobana isetjeniziselwe umkhiqizo wamabhizinisi kuliqaloqangi.Nanyana ihlelo lokutjhugu-lulwa kwenarha lomnyaka we-1994 libe nomphumela wokubuyiselwa kwenarha enengi ebantwini abanzima beSewula Afrika, imithelela emimbi yomThetho we-zokuHlaliswa kwabaNzima womNyaka we-1913 solo isazibonakalisa ngemikghwa nangekambiso yemithetho elandelwako yokuphatha zokulima emaplasini. UmThetho lo wadlulela ekuthathelweni kweengi-digidi zabantu inarha yabo ababelethelwa kiyo.Ngobunikazi benarha obusesezandleni zedlanza-na, godu nethungelelwano lemikhiqizo yezokulima isezandleni zabalimi abamakhuwa ngobunengi, imithelela yemikghwa nekambiso yemithetho  ekwakuphethwe ngayo abantu abanzima kade isasibambile nanamhlanjesi. Ukuraga nokulawulwa kwemikhakha eqakathekile-ko yomkhiqizo njengenarha akusiso isiqabo kwaphela ekuthuthukiseni umphakathi olinganako; kungunobangela wokutlhogeka kokuthula  emphakathini.Indlala yenarha yokulima iyakhula, khulukhulu hlangana nemiphakathi edosa emhlweni yeendaweni ze-makhaya. Ngabonobangela abathileko, ubuthaka okumbi umsebenzi wokutjhugululwa kwekambiso yokuphathwa kwenarha kilekoro.Ukutjhugululwa kweendlela zobunikazi benarha yokulinywa kuqakathekile, hayi malungana nokulungiswa kwemitjhapho eyenzeka ngeminyaka edlulileko kwaphela, kodwana kuqakathekile nangokuthi kuzokuphephisa ukutholakala noku-vikeleka kokudla kwelizwe.  Njengobanyana kuvezwa embikweni weBandla lokweLuleka uMengame-li ngezokuTjhugululwa kweNarha nezokuLima, “nanyana sithengisela ama-zwe wangaphandle ukudla, kodwana lapha ekhethu bama-41% abantu beendawo zemakhaya, babe ma-59.4% beendawo zemadrobheni abatlhayelelwa kukudla ka-buhlungu kumbi.”Amatjhuguluko kezokulima gade aliqaloqangi kiborhu-lumende ngokutjhiyelana kwabo selokhu kwathoma intando yenengi. Hlangana nomnyaka we-1994 noNtaka wee-2018 umbuso unikele ngama-hekthara aziingidi ezibu-8,4  ebantwini egade badinywe amathuba ngaphambilini ngokulandela ihlelo lokutjhu-gululwa kwenarha. Kodwana iragelophambili le ingaphasi kwamaphesenti alitjhumi wenarha yoke elinywa ngokwebhizinisi. EKulumenami engobu-Jamo beNarha ekuthomeni komnyaka lo ngazibophele-la kobana inarha yombuso izokusatjalaliselwa amahlelo wezokulima. Le kuyipume-lelo ekulu ematjhugulukweni wezokulima begodu kuphumelelisa isithembiso somTlolo weKululeko koba-na inarha izakuhlukaniselwa labo abayilimako.Inembo yethu yoku-sabalalisa kufuze ibe nesilinganiso hlangana nobulungiswa nokuliliswa, nokuqinisa imiphumela yezokulima ngokungezelela isibalo sabalimi abanzima ekorweni yezomnotho.Inarha iyipahla eqakathekileko eletha inzuzo godu  ingasetjenziswa njengesibambiso ukufumana enye ipahla.Kufuze siqinisekise kobana inarha efunelwa zokulima isetjenziswa ngokwenzuzo. Ukuvikela inarha yombuso enikelwe umnqopho we-zokulima, igunya lokuqa-tjhisa angeze ladluliselwa kabanye. Abazuzi bazoku-tlikitla nombuso isivumelwano sokuqatjha babhadele imali yokuqatjha ekhambisa-na nezinga lenarha.Kufuze siqinisekise ko-bana abalimi bayasekelwa emizameni yokunzinza neyenzuzo.Njengengcenye yehlelweli, abazuzi bazokubandulwa ngokuphathwa kweemali no-kuthuthukiswa kwamabhizinisi. Ilemuko litjengisile bonyana abalimi aba-sakhasako nalabo bezinga eliphasi batlhoga amakghonofundwa wokufumana amathuba wokungenelela ee-makethe nethungelelwaneni lemikhiqizo.Sitjheja qangi abomma, ilutjha nabantu abakhubaze-kileko njengabazuzi.Kube khona ipumelelo ephathekako ngokuhlomisa abomma ababalimi ngaphasi kweQhinga eliRagako loku-Fumana iNarha (i-PLAS).Eemfundeni ezimbalwa, abomma abanikelwe amasimu yi-DLRD bakghonile ukuwaphatha ngepumelelo bangena nethungelelwaneni lokukhi-qiza. Ngaphezu kokufumana inarha ngokwayo, umNyango uyaraga nokusisa kumthagalasisekelo, iinsetjenziswa nemitjhini uku-siza abosomabhizinisaba abasakhasako ukuphatha amabhizinisi ngepumelelo.Ukunabisa ukufikelele-ka kwenarha namathuba wezokulima kuzokusekela ukuvulwa kwamathuba wemisebenzi nokuthuthukiswa kwamabhizinisi, ku-thuthukiswe neemakethe zokudla, ipahla nemisebenzi yezokulima.Umnqopho omkhulu  wokutjhaphulula leziinqetjhana zenarha kukutjhugu-lula ubujamo bezokulima ngokukhuthaza isizukulwani sabalimi esitjha. Ukuqatjhisa inarha ngaphasi kwemibandela elula le kufuze kukhuthaze abantu ukucabanga ngokudephileko; bangakhu-lisi kwaphela amabhizinisi wabo kodwana bathuthukise umnotho owabiwako noku-phumelela kwemiphakathi abalima kiyo.Kufuze bapholise amanceba wokwahlukana kwanga-phambilini. Kupheliswe imi-khumbulo etjhigemeko yoko-bana balimi abamakhuwa kwaphela abangaphumelela ngamabhizinisi wezokulima ngeSewula Afrika, nokobana abalimi abababantu abanzi-ma bahlala ‘babomafundana isiphelani.’Ngokulima inarha le; isetjenziselwe inzuzo, bazabe batjhugulula iinsabula zibe ziinsetjenziswa (amalembe nokhunye) zokulima. Ba-zokuba ziimbonelo ezihle zehlelo lokubuyisana kwesitjhaba.