Edwardsville, Pennsylvania. Edwardsville is a borough in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, 2 miles (3 km) west of Wilkes Barre and also adjacent to the boroughs of Kingston to the north and Larksville to the south. It is strictly a residential place, the population being 5,165 in 1900 and 8,407 in 1910. A substantial decrease in the population has occurred since the population count of 1940, which was 7,998. The population was 4,816 at the 2010 census. Edwardsville was settled in 1768 by settlers from Connecticut.