Ragusa [raˈɡuːza] listen (help·info) (Sicilian: Rausa; Latin: Ragusia) is a city and comune in southern Italy.It is the capital of the province of Ragusa, on the island of Sicily, with around 75,000 inhabitants.It is built on a wide limestone hill between two deep valleys, Cava San Leonardo and Cava Santa Domenica.he origins of Ragusa can be traced back to the 2nd millennium BC, when in its area there were several settlements of the ancient Sicels. The current Ragusa Ibla lies probably on one of them, identified as Hybla Heraea.