1 Location and Size. Queretaro querétaro is located in the central region of the country known as the breadbasket Of. Mexico it covers an area 11,769 11769 square (4,544 4544 square), miles which is about half the size of THE us state Of New. hampshirerigin of state name: The name comes from the native word querendaro, queréndaro which means the place of the (crags rocky). Terrain: Capital santiago De (Queretaro querétaro the name was officially Changed to Santiago de Queretaro querétaro From queretaro, querétaro in july 1996 but it is Still.). commonly known as queretaro querétaro