South America has an area of 6,890,000 sq miles. Bordered to the west by the Pacific Ocean, to the north and the east by the Atlantic Ocean, the continent contains twelve independent countries-Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela.These countries and their capitals are marked on the map.outh America is bound by the Caribbean Sea in the north, the North Atlantic Ocean in the east and northeast and by the South Atlantic Ocean in the southeast. The South Pacific Ocean borders the continent in the west. In the northwest, the Isthmus of Panama joins South America with North America.