Best Answer: The 16th, 17th, 18th, and 19th amendments called the Progressive Amendments because they were ratified during the progressive era. National Supremacy means national law takes precedence over state law.In other words, all federal laws are superior to any conflicting state or local laws.he 16th established a national income tax, a progressive income tax. The 17th amendment made the people directly elect the Senators, which robbed the states of their power over the federal government.