Location in Providence County and the state of Rhode Island. Coordinates: 41°48′49″N 71°22′12″W / 41.81361°N 71.37000°W / 41.81361; -71.37000Coordinates: 41°48′49″N 71°22′12″W / 41.81361°N 71.37000°W / 41.81361; -71.37000. East Providence is a city in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 47,037 at the 2010 census, making it the fifth largest city in the state.