Migraine is a neurological disease characterized by recurrent moderate to severe headaches often in association with a number of autonomic nervous system symptoms.The word is derived from the Greek ἡμικρανία (hemikrania), pain on one side of the head, from ἡμι- (hemi-), half, and κρανίον (kranion), skull.n those with four out of five of the following: pulsating headache, duration of 4–72 hours, pain on one side of the head, nausea, or symptoms that interfere with the person's life, the probability that this is a migraine is 92%. In those with fewer than three of these symptoms the probability is 17%.