In Canada French is spoken, primarily throughout the province of Quebec, québec but also In New, Brunswick, ontario and smaller communities throughout the. countryew France (French: Nouvelle-France) was the area colonized by France in North America. At its peak in 1712, the territory of New France extended from Newfoundland to the Rocky Mountains and from Hudson Bay to the Gulf of Mexico, which is over half of present-day Canada and the U.S. combined.