They ate chicken, beef, lamb and mutton, deer, rabbit, squirrel, grains such as wheat and barley, and other game animals. In medieval times, Europe did not have turkey, potato … es, or tomatoes, among other foods that were introduced after the Europeans discovered America.oor people ate a lot of porridge, which could be made of such grains as oats, rye, or barley, or peas. They ate eggs for protein, as eggs were less expensive than meats. They … ate cabbage, and other local greens. They used bones to produce stock for soups, and they flavored food with onions, garlic, mustard.