Long outgrowths on immune system dendritic cells are also called dendrites. These are not to be confused with dendrites on a neuron. Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells in the mammalian immune system. Their dendrites do not process electrical signals.Dendrites are one of two types of protoplasmic protrusions that extrude from the cell body of a neuron, the other type being an axon.Axons can be distinguished from dendrites by several features including shape, length, and function.heir dendrites do not process electrical signals. Dendrites are one of two types of protoplasmic protrusions that extrude from the cell body of a neuron, the other type being an axon. Axons can be distinguished from dendrites by several features including shape, length, and function.