Cerebral malaria: Related Medical Conditions. To research the causes of Cerebral malaria, consider researching the causes of these these diseases that may be similar, or associated with Cerebral malaria: 1  Malaria. 2  Ague. 3  Mosquito. 4  Plasmodium vivax. 5  P vivax. 6  Plasmodium ovale. 7  P ovale. 8  Plasmodium malariae.