Bloodborne pathogens and workplace sharps injuries. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) , hepatitis B virus (HBV) , and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are three of the most common bloodborne pathogens from which health care workers are at risk.isk of injury and transmission. The estimated risk of HIV infection from a sharps injury is about 0.3 percent (1 in 300). The CDC has reported 57 documented cases and 140 possible cases of HIV transmission to U.S. health care workers between 1981 and December 2006.