Play (help·info). In music, polyphony is a texture consisting of two or more simultaneous lines of independent melody, as opposed to a musical texture with just one voice which is called monophony, and in difference from musical texture with one dominant melodic voice accompanied by chords which is called homophony.lso, as opposed to the species terminology of counterpoint, polyphony was generally either pitch-against-pitch / point-against-point or sustained-pitch in one part with melismas of varying lengths in another.