Schema and Heuristic are two different things-not really related to one another, so I'm not sure asking for the difference between the two makes sense. That said-. A Schema is a cognitive framework for storing information and relating it together.Schemas form the basis for knowledge in the head.p vote 1 down vote. Schema and Heuristic are two different things-not really related to one another, so I'm not sure asking for the difference between the two makes sense. That said-. A Schema is a cognitive framework for storing information and relating it together. Schemas form the basis for knowledge in the head.