Salmonella is a genus (that is, a group of very closely-related) of bacteria. So Salmonella is the scientific name for any one of a number of bacteria.There are 3 species within the Salmonella genus: Salmonella bongori Salmonella enterica Salmonella typhi Salmonella enterica is the one that causes food poisoning. Salmonella typhi is the one that causes Typhoid fever. Brian L · 7 years ago.almonella is a genus (that is, a group of very closely-related) of bacteria. So Salmonella is the scientific name for any one of a number of bacteria.