Changes in eye pressure may be caused by: 1  Excessive or decreased aqueous production. 2  Inadequate or increased aqueous drainage. 3  Long-term use of certain medications, in particular corticosteroids.4  Eye trauma.lcohol consumption and caffeine use also cause temporary changes in intraocular pressure, as can coughing, vomiting, or straining to lift heavy objects. A significant change in intraocular pressure that persists and remains untreated can eventually cause vision problems and lead to eye disease.