Definition of SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY. : the study and interpretation of society and social institutions in terms of ethical values rather than empirical relations.ADVERTISEMENT.This word doesn't usually appear in our free dictionary, but the definition from our premium Unabridged Dictionary is offered here on a limited basis. the study and interpretation of society and social institutions in terms of ethical values rather than empirical relations. ADVERTISEMENT. This word doesn't usually appear in our free dictionary, but the definition from our premium Unabridged Dictionary is offered here on a limited basis.