Nutrients Needed for Growth and Development. Nutrition is the process by which our bodies take in and use food. Many different nutrients are needed for good health, including carbohydrates, fat, protein, vitamins, minerals, and water.ood Sources: 1  Complex carbohydrate foods include: breads, cereals, pasta, rice, and starcy vegetables such as potaotes, green beans, corn, and lima beans. 2  Simple carbohydrate foods include: sugar, honey, syrup, candy, soft drinks, icings, and fruits.