Anthrax is an infection caused by a bacteria Bacillus anthracis. It is a naturally occurring disease known from the times of Moses and annotated in the annals of the Romans.Found throughout the world in Africa, Asia, Europe, North/South America, & Middle East, this bacteria hibernates in the form of spores.nthrax is an infection caused by a bacteria Bacillus anthracis. It is a naturally occurring disease known from the times of Moses and annotated in the annals of the Romans.