General Characteristics Introduction. Carbohydrates include simple sugar molecules and also complex carbohydrates and they are also called saccharides and as such can be sub-divided into the classes of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides of which you will learn quite a bit as we go through the lesson.eneral Characteristics Introduction. Carbohydrates include simple sugar molecules and also complex carbohydrates and they are also called saccharides and as such can be sub-divided into the classes of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides of which you will learn quite a bit as we go through the lesson.