The Amur River is located on the border of China and Russia and is a major waterway in the northeastern part of Asia.It’s Chinese name is Heilung Jiang which translates to Black Dragon River.he Amur and its 200 tributaries drain an area of 1,844,000 sq km (712,000 square miles) — the tenth-largest river basin in the world and one of the largest in the Russian Federation. Its main tributaries include: Shilka, Zeya, Bureya and Amgun on the left and the Huma, Ergune, Songhua, Ussuri on the right.