Answering Questions: The Parts of an Essay. A typical essay contains many different kinds of information, often located in specialized parts or sections. Even short essays perform several different operations: introducing the argument, analyzing data, raising counterarguments, concluding.Introductions and conclusions have fixed places, but other parts don't.uch essays generally have a descriptive thesis rather than an argumentative one. Be wary of paragraph openers that lead off with time words (first, next, after, then) or listing words (also, another, in addition).