View full size image. China is an extremely large country, and the customs and traditions of its people vary by geography and ethnicity. More than 1 billion people live in China, according to the Asia Society, representing 56 ethnic minority groups.The largest group is the Han Chinese, with about 900 million people.any musical instruments are integral to Chinese culture, including the flute-like xun and the guqin, which is in the zither family. Eastern-style martial arts were also developed in China, and it is the birthplace of kung fu.