The phalanges are the bones that make up the fingers of the hand and the toes of the foot. There are 56 phalanges in the human body, with fourteen phalanges on each hand and foot.Three phalanges are present on each finger and toe, with the exception of the thumb and large toe, which possess only two.he phalanges /fəˈlaeŋdʒiːz/ (fəˈlæŋdʒiːz: singular /phalanx/) ˈfaelaeŋks ˈfælæŋks are digital bones in the hands and feet of. Most vertebrates, in primates the thumbs and big toes have two phalanges while the other digits have. Three phalanges the phalanges are classed as. long bones