Average Temperatures in Madrid, Spain. 1  The annual average temperature in Madrid, Spain is mild at 13.9 degrees Celsius (57.1 degrees Fahrenheit). 2  Average monthly temperatures have a range of 18.8 C (33.8 F) which is a slightly low range.3  There is a variation/ range of daily average temperatures of 13.4 C (24.2 F). There is a variation/ range of daily average temperatures of 13.4 C (24.2 F). 2  The hottest month (July) is fairly hot having an average temperature of 24.3 degrees Celsius (75.74 degrees Fahrenheit). 3  The coolest month (January) is cool with a mean temperature of 5.5 degrees Celsius (41.9 degrees Fahrenheit).