Triazolam is a benzodiazepine (ben-zoe-dye-AZE-eh-peen) similar to Valium. Triazolam affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause sleep problems (insomnia). Triazolam is used to treat insomnia symptoms, such as trouble falling or staying asleep. Triazolam may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.