1 The four fat-soluble vitamins are vitamins A, D, E, and K. 2  There are nine water-soluble vitamins. 3  The body must use water-soluble vitamins right away. 4  Any left over water-soluble vitamins leave the body through the urine. 5  Vitamin B12 is the only water-soluble vitamin that can be stored in the liver for many years. There are nine water-soluble vitamins. 2  The body must use water-soluble vitamins right away. 3  Any left over water-soluble vitamins leave the body through the urine. 4  Vitamin B12 is the only water-soluble vitamin that can be stored in the liver for many years.