Regional Wages. Wages for math teachers vary significantly based on the part of the country where the teacher works. The average annual salary for high school math teachers in Texas is $53,870, while those who teach in New York earn $71,820 per year.hey are well compensated for their educational background. The median annual salary for post secondary math professors is $66,680, according to May 2011 figures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The top 10 percent earn more than $127,810 per year.