Aruba is located in the southern Caribbean Sea, and is an island in the Lesser Antilles. It is a part of the Kingdom of Netherlands and has no administrative subdivisions. It is located 16.7 miles north of the coast of Venezuela and approximately 80 miles east of Guajira Peninsula.ruba is located in the southern Caribbean Sea, and is an island in the Lesser Antilles. It is a part of the Kingdom of Netherlands and has no administrative subdivisions. It is located 16.7 miles north of the coast of Venezuela and approximately 80 miles east of Guajira Peninsula.