Chills and fever are the body's mechanisms to maintain its temperature at an optimum level. Both these signs indicate that the body is fighting against some kind of infection. This article gives you a brief understanding about your body's mechanism, and the conditions that cause chills with fever.neumonia: Shaking chills and mild or high fever are common symptoms of pneumonia. Breathing difficulty, chest pain, cough, and headache are some other symptoms. Strep Throat: This bacterial infection can cause sudden fever, and in some cases, chills may also be experienced.