E-coli food poisoning: Related Medical Conditions. To research the causes of E-coli food poisoning, consider researching the causes of these these diseases that may be similar, or associated with E-coli food poisoning: 1  Food-borne disease. 2  FBD. 3  Food-borne infection. 4  Food-borne illness. 5  Botulism. 6  Gastroenteritis.