Describe the structure of the arteries, veins and capillaries and relate this to their function. figure 7. Arteries. Arteries transport blood away from the heart; there are two types the pulmonary arteries and systemic arteries.Pulmonary arteries carry blood from the heart to the lungs where the blood picks up oxygen.Systemic arteries deliver blood to the rest of the body.rteries transport blood away from the heart; there are two types the pulmonary arteries and systemic arteries. Pulmonary arteries carry blood from the heart to the lungs where the blood picks up oxygen.