Types and Examples of Foods. There are two types of vitamins: fat-soluble and water-soluble. Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in your fat cells, consequently requiring fat in order to be absorbed.Water-soluble vitamins are not stored in your body; therefore, they need to be replenished daily.ere is a list of vitamin types and some common food sources: The fat soluble vitamins: 1  Vitamin A-comes from orange colored fruits and vegetables; dark leafy greens, like kale. 2  Vitamin D-can be found in fortified milk and dairy products; cereals; (and of course sunshine!).