Medical negligence is defined as the negligent, improper, or unskilled treatment of a patient by a health care professional.This can include negligent care from a nurse, physician, surgeon, pharmacist, dentist or other health care workers.Medical negligence forms the basis for most medical malpractice claims where the victim is claiming injury from medical treatment.his can include negligent care from a nurse, physician, surgeon, pharmacist, dentist or other health care workers. Medical negligence forms the basis for most medical malpractice claims where the victim is claiming injury from medical treatment.