Jerome /je-ro-me/ [2 sylls.] as a boys' name is pronounced jer-OME. It is of Greek origin, and the meaning of Jerome is sacred name.From Hieronymos. Saint Jerome (fourth century) was a scholar who prepared the Latin Vulgate, the standard accepted text of the Bible in the common language of the time.hown below is the baby name popularity of Jerome for boys. Jerome reached its highest rank of #101 in the U.S. in the 1930s, and is at #807 currently. (Top 1000 Birth Names Statistics, 2014). Prominent varying forms of Jerome (#807 the previous year) are Jerry (#451 the previous year) , Jairo (#865) and Gerry.