The four main rivers of Mali are the Niger, Bafing, Bakaye and the Senegal. Vegetation in Mali is not very plenty. As it is a part of Sahara desert, shrubs and short grasses are common in the region. Most of the people of Mali dwell along the bank of the river Niger.he Niger River in the Fouta Djallon region is the main source of water for Mali. Water from the Niger River is used for drinking purpose, irrigation and industrial use.