Vitamins in Shrimp. Shrimp is a low-calorie food but rich in nutrients, such as vitamins. Shrimp are crustaceans that may be served hot or cold. This nutritious, protein-rich alternative to meat has, when raw, a translucent, firm yet tender, mild tasting flesh.ike all shellfish, shrimp contains some cholesterol but is very low in calories, total fat and saturated fat. Shrimp is rich in vitamins and minerals. The major vitamins in shrimp include vitamin D, vitamin B12 or cobalamin and vitamin B3 or niacin.