Brooklyn, Michigan. Main Street downtown area. Brooklyn (formerly Swainsville) is a village in Jackson County of the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 1,206 at the 2010 census. It is located just off U.S. Highway 12 (formerly US 112) in Columbia Township. Brooklyn is located in a portion of central lower Michigan known for its lush, rolling green landscapes in the Irish Hills area of Southeast Michigan which contains scenic lakes surrounding Hayes State Park and Cambridge Junction Historic State Park which adjoins the Michigan International Speedway.