The Zhou Dynasty was the longest ruling Chinese dynasty. It lasted from 1122-255 BC. The Qin Dynasty was the shortest ruling Chinese dynasty. It lasted only 15 years. Emperor Kangxi, the second emperor of Qing Dynasty, was the longest-reigning emperor in the history of China. He ruled China for 61 years during the years from 1661 to 1722. Emperor Modi of Jin (1234), the last emperor of Jin Dynasty, was the shortest-reigning emperor in the history of China. He ruled China for less than one day. Yuan Dynasty had the largest territory in history of China.