Eating more food, or bigger portions, will cause your blood glucose levels to rise more than eating smaller portions. Since carbohydrates affect blood glucose levels the most, the amount of carbohydrate that you eat each day is very important in controlling your blood glucose levels.lood glucose levels are affected differently depending on whether you eat foods containing carbohydrates, proteins, fats, or a combination of these three. Carbohydrates will cause blood glucose to rise the most and the most quickly.