Causes and Types of Eye Infections. Examples of viral, fungal and bacterial eye infections include: 1  Pink eye, or conjunctivitis. 2  Conjunctivitis, also called pink eye, is a common, highly contagious eye infection that often is spread among children in day care centers, classrooms and similar environments.auses and Types of Eye Infections. Examples of viral, fungal and bacterial eye infections include: 1  Pink eye, or conjunctivitis. 2  Conjunctivitis, also called pink eye, is a common, highly contagious eye infection that often is spread among children in day care centers, classrooms and similar environments.