The Caribbean is part of Central America, North America and South America. and many islands in the Caribbean are Dutch islands, French Islands, British islands, US Islands, others are independent. These are the only 4 countries in the Caribbean region: Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Cuba and Haiti.he Caribbean is part of Central America, North America and South America. and many islands in the Caribbean are Dutch islands, French Islands, British islands, US Islands, others are independent. These are the only 4 countries in the Caribbean region: Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Cuba and Haiti.