Monoculture is the agricultural practice of producing or growing a single crop or plant species in a field at a time.Polyculture, where more than one crop is grown in the same space at the same time, is the alternative to monoculture.xamples include wheat fields or apple orchards or grape vineyards. Because each species has the same growing requirements and habits, planting, maintenance (including pest control), and harvesting can be standardized, resulting in greater yields.