1) That looks right. 2) Step 1: Moles=Mass/Mr, so it's 144/72= 2mol. Step 2: Stoichiometry means the ratio of oxygen to pentane is 1:8 so moles of oxygen is moles of pentane times 8. 2*8=16mol of oxygen. Step 3: 16= 9.6*10^24. 3) The ratio of oxygen to carbon in CO2 is 1:2. so it's 192/3 = 64.