Typically, Medicare provides health insurance only to those who are 65 years of age or older, but certain people younger than 65 may qualify. People of any age who suffer from certain disabilities or diseases may be eligible for Medicare hospital insurance. Here's how to qualify for Medicare if you're under 65. Get diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, in order to qualify for Medicare before the age of 65 years. Be a disability beneficiary for at least 24 months prior to qualifying for Medicare.