The Basques are thought to be the oldest culture in the world; direct descendents of Cro-Magnons. The Basque language, Euskera, has not been directly traced back to any other language. The Basque region is located in the southwest corner of France and spans across the northwest corner of Spain.Despite much struggle by the Basque people, the Basque region is not an independent nation; it is part of Spain and France, respectively.he Basques are thought to be the oldest culture in the world; direct descendents of Cro-Magnons. The Basque language, Euskera, has not been directly traced back to any other language. The Basque region is located in the southwest corner of France and spans across the northwest corner of Spain.